Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.00
Cristina Engel de Alvarez
Pandemic and climate change: two events that are mixed and, often, seem to be the same. The events of recent years, and especially 2021, have jeopardized the certainties which up until now, were grounded on that scientific knowledge could lead humanity along a safe path. For a while, we thought that the results of multiple theses, and the accumulated efforts to understand phenomena and solutions based on the concept of sustainability were in vain, given the threats of a ferocious pandemic, along with the frustrated attempts to contain climate change. The goals sought up until now have been greatly challenged.
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Cristina Engel de Alvarez","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.00","url":null,"abstract":"Pandemic and climate change: two events that are mixed and, often, seem to be the same. The events of recent years, and especially 2021, have jeopardized the certainties which up until now, were grounded on that scientific knowledge could lead humanity along a safe path. For a while, we thought that the results of multiple theses, and the accumulated efforts to understand phenomena and solutions based on the concept of sustainability were in vain, given the threats of a ferocious pandemic, along with the frustrated attempts to contain climate change. The goals sought up until now have been greatly challenged.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42565452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.02
Pablo Canales, C. Valderrama-Ulloa, X. Ferrada
Currently, the public health infrastructure in Chile, at its different scales, has made important advances in determining sustainability design criteria. However, it is possible to see that, during its construction, there are no standardized verification processes on sustainability aspects, and that the work of technical inspection focuses on the administrative compliance of construction contracts, rather than on checking technical aspects. This research proposes a list of critical items and activities to supervise hospital construction, to guarantee sustainable criteria in their operation. A survey was also made to professionals involved in the design, construction, and supervision of hospital construction, ranking the results with a multi-criteria methodology (AHP), which showed a preference in the thermal envelope (20%) and thermal and ventilation installations (17%). Finally, based on the weaknesses stated by the professionals, a control and monitoring process of these items and activities is proposed, redesigning the work of the Worksite’ Technical Inspector.
{"title":"Hospitales sustentables: partidas críticas para su construcción y el rol de la inspección técnica","authors":"Pablo Canales, C. Valderrama-Ulloa, X. Ferrada","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the public health infrastructure in Chile, at its different scales, has made important advances in determining sustainability design criteria. However, it is possible to see that, during its construction, there are no standardized verification processes on sustainability aspects, and that the work of technical inspection focuses on the administrative compliance of construction contracts, rather than on checking technical aspects. This research proposes a list of critical items and activities to supervise hospital construction, to guarantee sustainable criteria in their operation. A survey was also made to professionals involved in the design, construction, and supervision of hospital construction, ranking the results with a multi-criteria methodology (AHP), which showed a preference in the thermal envelope (20%) and thermal and ventilation installations (17%). Finally, based on the weaknesses stated by the professionals, a control and monitoring process of these items and activities is proposed, redesigning the work of the Worksite’ Technical Inspector.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44433524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.05
Edison Bolivar Ortiz-Zambrano, Jefferson Torres-Quezada, J. Véliz-Párraga
The zinc sheet roof is one of the most popular elements in Latin American architecture, and in many other regions with warm humid climates. Creating lighting and thermal alternatives focused on this typology would imply major benefits in the environmental and social fields. This study carried out in Manabí, Ecuador, evaluates three prototypes of light roofs, combining zinc with PVC, in order to determine the correct configuration of translucent material to create environments that are within thermal and lighting parameters. The results indicate that the empirical solutions model has the lowest variation in indoor temperature, with 32.63%, unlike the 32.97% of the cross-type model, and the 34.40% of the side strip model. Additionally, it was seen that the greatest influence of solar radiation on the roof is recorded from 1:00 p.m. to 2 p.m. approximately
{"title":"Evaluación térmica y lumínica en prototipos de cubiertas ligeras, para clima cálido húmedo","authors":"Edison Bolivar Ortiz-Zambrano, Jefferson Torres-Quezada, J. Véliz-Párraga","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"The zinc sheet roof is one of the most popular elements in Latin American architecture, and in many other regions with warm humid climates. Creating lighting and thermal alternatives focused on this typology would imply major benefits in the environmental and social fields. This study carried out in Manabí, Ecuador, evaluates three prototypes of light roofs, combining zinc with PVC, in order to determine the correct configuration of translucent material to create environments that are within thermal and lighting parameters. The results indicate that the empirical solutions model has the lowest variation in indoor temperature, with 32.63%, unlike the 32.97% of the cross-type model, and the 34.40% of the side strip model. Additionally, it was seen that the greatest influence of solar radiation on the roof is recorded from 1:00 p.m. to 2 p.m. approximately","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44734087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
User behavior is one of the main factors of uncertainty in the thermal performance of a dwelling. This study contributes to identifying variables that would influence the user behavior and, in turn, how these affect the thermal performance of houses located in the city of Mendoza. For this, a thermal audit of a representative dwelling was made in summer and winter, while also recording occupancy and occupant actions. It was concluded that, in summer, correct management of the envelope through night cooling favors reaching indoor comfort in 89% of the recorded data. In winter, the correct use of direct solar gain favors reaching comfort in 60% of the recorded data. Finally, alternatives for building improvements are evaluated for the most unfavorable season.
{"title":"El rol activo del usuario en la búsqueda de confort térmico de viviendas en clima templado árido","authors":"Soledad Elisa Andreoni-Trentacoste, Carolina Ganem-Karlen","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"User behavior is one of the main factors of uncertainty in the thermal performance of a dwelling. This study contributes to identifying variables that would influence the user behavior and, in turn, how these affect the thermal performance of houses located in the city of Mendoza. For this, a thermal audit of a representative dwelling was made in summer and winter, while also recording occupancy and occupant actions. It was concluded that, in summer, correct management of the envelope through night cooling favors reaching indoor comfort in 89% of the recorded data. In winter, the correct use of direct solar gain favors reaching comfort in 60% of the recorded data. Finally, alternatives for building improvements are evaluated for the most unfavorable season.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44637616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-18DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.02
María Guillermina Ré, María Pía Mazzocco, Celina Filippín
Climate change, the constant growth of energy consumption, and the high levels of emissions recorded by the energy sector, require the implementation of concrete solutions. Building rehabilitation offers a significant opportunity to contribute in this regard. The purpose of this work is to analyze the potential for intervention in a school building from the “Programa Nacional 700 Escuela” (National 700 Schools Program). The improvements in energy efficiency are evaluated through a dynamic simulation and indicators are calculated regarding the annual energy consumption for heating. The values for the reference building are 74.5 kWh/m2 year and 158 kWh/student. With the rehabilitation proposals, energy savings could be achieved of between 39.7% and 60%. The R-Mean alternative appears as the most convenient one as it achieves energy benefits of 47%, with lower investment costs. The energy efficiency indicators for said set of improvements are 39.2 kWh/m2 year and 83.1 kWh/student. The results achieved can serve as reference for the rehabilitation of 71 school buildings built in the province of San Juan between 2004 and 2015, which belong to a construction typology with a similarity of materials of their envelope and functional configuration.
{"title":"Mejoras de eficiencia energética en calefacción. Potencial de intervención en edificio escolar existente del área Metropolitana de San Juan, Argentina","authors":"María Guillermina Ré, María Pía Mazzocco, Celina Filippín","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change, the constant growth of energy consumption, and the high levels of emissions recorded by the energy sector, require the implementation of concrete solutions. Building rehabilitation offers a significant opportunity to contribute in this regard. The purpose of this work is to analyze the potential for intervention in a school building from the “Programa Nacional 700 Escuela” (National 700 Schools Program). The improvements in energy efficiency are evaluated through a dynamic simulation and indicators are calculated regarding the annual energy consumption for heating. The values for the reference building are 74.5 kWh/m2 year and 158 kWh/student. With the rehabilitation proposals, energy savings could be achieved of between 39.7% and 60%. The R-Mean alternative appears as the most convenient one as it achieves energy benefits of 47%, with lower investment costs. The energy efficiency indicators for said set of improvements are 39.2 kWh/m2 year and 83.1 kWh/student. The results achieved can serve as reference for the rehabilitation of 71 school buildings built in the province of San Juan between 2004 and 2015, which belong to a construction typology with a similarity of materials of their envelope and functional configuration.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46749599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-18DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.01
Maureen de Gastines, A. Pattini
Glazing is one of the dominant features of modern and contemporary architecture. This envelope design may have a great impact on operational energy demand of buildings. In this work, glazed façade systems available in Argentina are analyzed, with the purpose of determining the associated thermal transmittance ranges, in terms of the profiles’ design, the type of glazing and the size of glass panes. First, by using bidimensional numerical calculation, the impact of several profile design parameters on thermal transmittance is studied, highlighting the relevance of glazing fixing methods, to then calculate the thermal transmittance of the entire facade. The results indicate that the thermal transmittance value of glazed facades, mainly depends on the transmittance of the glass used, and exceeds this by 24% on average.
{"title":"Fachadas vidriadas: cálculo de transmitancia térmica","authors":"Maureen de Gastines, A. Pattini","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Glazing is one of the dominant features of modern and contemporary architecture. This envelope design may have a great impact on operational energy demand of buildings. In this work, glazed façade systems available in Argentina are analyzed, with the purpose of determining the associated thermal transmittance ranges, in terms of the profiles’ design, the type of glazing and the size of glass panes. First, by using bidimensional numerical calculation, the impact of several profile design parameters on thermal transmittance is studied, highlighting the relevance of glazing fixing methods, to then calculate the thermal transmittance of the entire facade. The results indicate that the thermal transmittance value of glazed facades, mainly depends on the transmittance of the glass used, and exceeds this by 24% on average.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49639663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.04
Yesica Alamino-Naranjo, Alcion Alonso-Frank
The purpose of this work was to develop a methodological tool to evaluate office space work performance during the summer period. The proposed tool is an optimal work performance indicator called IRLO, which combines environmental variables on thermal, air quality, visual and acoustic influence. Integrated measurements were run for its development alongside surveys to users-workers of an office building in the city of San Juan - Argentina. The results reveal the preference ranges of each variable, recognizing that in open plan offices, there is a greater environmental adaptive capacity than in closed plan offices. It is concluded, that the indicator stands out by providing a basis to identify work performance considering environmental variables that should, in the future, be considered in the design phase.
{"title":"Indicador de rendimiento laboral del usuario-trabajador de oficina en período de verano de clima templado cálido","authors":"Yesica Alamino-Naranjo, Alcion Alonso-Frank","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to develop a methodological tool to evaluate office space work performance during the summer period. The proposed tool is an optimal work performance indicator called IRLO, which combines environmental variables on thermal, air quality, visual and acoustic influence. Integrated measurements were run for its development alongside surveys to users-workers of an office building in the city of San Juan - Argentina. The results reveal the preference ranges of each variable, recognizing that in open plan offices, there is a greater environmental adaptive capacity than in closed plan offices. It is concluded, that the indicator stands out by providing a basis to identify work performance considering environmental variables that should, in the future, be considered in the design phase.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41594643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.03
Constanza Cobo-Fray, Olga Lucia Montoya-Flórez
This work presents the results of research made within the framework of the Solar Decathlon LAC 2019 international competition, which aimed at designing and building a prototype of a TUHOUSE (Technically Unique House Using Solar Energy) affordable dwelling, at a 1:1 scale, a house that is capable of incorporating sustainable and bioclimatic strategies for the tropical region. The methodology consisted of a design workshop with interdisciplinary work from the different architecture and engineering areas in programs at the Universities of San Buenaventura and Autonoma de Occidente (Cali, Colombia). The main contribution of the methodology was to achieve interdisciplinary work from the initial stages, alongside students and teachers participating in the construction of the prototype, before finally checking its performance using the contest’s tests. Among the results that stand out from of this experience, are an urban proposal with high habitability and density, the testing of passive design strategies focused on a prototype envelope that can be replicated in similar conditions, but also the importance of the question about the validity of the thermal comfort model proposed for tropical regions.
这项工作介绍了在2019年LAC太阳能十项全能国际比赛框架内进行的研究结果，该比赛旨在设计和建造一个1:1比例的TUHOUSE（使用太阳能的技术独特的房子）经济适用房的原型，该房子能够结合热带地区的可持续和生物气候战略。该方法包括一个设计研讨会，在San Buenaventura大学和Autonoma de Occidente大学（哥伦比亚卡利）的项目中，来自不同建筑和工程领域的跨学科工作。该方法的主要贡献是从最初阶段就实现了跨学科的工作，学生和教师参与了原型的构建，然后通过比赛的测试最终检查其性能。从这一经验中脱颖而出的结果包括一个具有高宜居性和密度的城市方案，被动设计策略的测试侧重于可以在类似条件下复制的原型包络，以及热带地区热舒适模型有效性问题的重要性。
{"title":"Tuhouse: prototipo de vivienda social sostenible de alta densidad para el trópico","authors":"Constanza Cobo-Fray, Olga Lucia Montoya-Flórez","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the results of research made within the framework of the Solar Decathlon LAC 2019 international competition, which aimed at designing and building a prototype of a TUHOUSE (Technically Unique House Using Solar Energy) affordable dwelling, at a 1:1 scale, a house that is capable of incorporating sustainable and bioclimatic strategies for the tropical region. The methodology consisted of a design workshop with interdisciplinary work from the different architecture and engineering areas in programs at the Universities of San Buenaventura and Autonoma de Occidente (Cali, Colombia). The main contribution of the methodology was to achieve interdisciplinary work from the initial stages, alongside students and teachers participating in the construction of the prototype, before finally checking its performance using the contest’s tests. Among the results that stand out from of this experience, are an urban proposal with high habitability and density, the testing of passive design strategies focused on a prototype envelope that can be replicated in similar conditions, but also the importance of the question about the validity of the thermal comfort model proposed for tropical regions.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42715665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.05
Valeria Villamil-Cárdenas, Ivan Osuna-Motta
This article presents the results obtained in research made during a sustainable urban renewal design in the city of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, as part of MINGA team's proposal for SDLAC 2019 (Solar Decathlon Latin America and Caribbean). This project was developed by a group of students and professors, as part of the undergraduate programs of architecture and civil engineering of the partner universities in the MINGA team. A project-based teaching-learning methodology was used, integrating the curricula in interdisciplinary project workshop-type courses. The main goal was to demonstrate the viability of a resilient urban planning project, conceived for the future climate in a coastal city in the hot-humid tropics. The results showed that a climate-resilient urbanism can be created, which guarantees the permanence of the original inhabitants of the coastal areas, mitigating flooding risks, and preserving the cultural roots of the inhabitants, even under sea-rise scenarios.
{"title":"Minga: modelo replicable de renovación urbana sostenible, caso Buenaventura","authors":"Valeria Villamil-Cárdenas, Ivan Osuna-Motta","doi":"10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results obtained in research made during a sustainable urban renewal design in the city of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, as part of MINGA team's proposal for SDLAC 2019 (Solar Decathlon Latin America and Caribbean). This project was developed by a group of students and professors, as part of the undergraduate programs of architecture and civil engineering of the partner universities in the MINGA team. A project-based teaching-learning methodology was used, integrating the curricula in interdisciplinary project workshop-type courses. The main goal was to demonstrate the viability of a resilient urban planning project, conceived for the future climate in a coastal city in the hot-humid tropics. The results showed that a climate-resilient urbanism can be created, which guarantees the permanence of the original inhabitants of the coastal areas, mitigating flooding risks, and preserving the cultural roots of the inhabitants, even under sea-rise scenarios.","PeriodicalId":41346,"journal":{"name":"Revista Habitat Sustentable","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49215045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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