Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.6
Karolina Daniluk, Paula Bugajska, Żaneta Daniluk, S. Jaworski, M. Sosnowska
Influence of melittin on viability and integrity of cell membrane on grade IV glioma. The grade IV glioma is one of the malignant human tumours. Today there is no effective treatment for this type of cancer. Alternative methods are sought-after in glioma treatment, and lately melittin has been found to be useful in anticancer therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of melittin on the viability and the integrity of cell membranes of the grade IV glioma cells. The U87 glioma line cells were treated of melittin in increasing concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 50 μg/mL) and incubated for 24 h. After incubation, the tests were performed in order to investigate the cell morphology, cell viability, membrane integrity and the way of cell death. The results have shown the devastating effect of melittin on the glioma cells. The melittin causes disintegration of cell membranes and induces cell death by apoptosis and less by necrosis.
{"title":"Influence of melittin on viability and integrity of cell membrane on grade IV glioma.","authors":"Karolina Daniluk, Paula Bugajska, Żaneta Daniluk, S. Jaworski, M. Sosnowska","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Influence of melittin on viability and integrity of cell membrane on grade IV glioma. The grade IV glioma is one of the malignant human tumours. Today there is no effective treatment for this type of cancer. Alternative methods are sought-after in glioma treatment, and lately melittin has been found to be useful in anticancer therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of melittin on the viability and the integrity of cell membranes of the grade IV glioma cells. The U87 glioma line cells were treated of melittin in increasing concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 50 μg/mL) and incubated for 24 h. After incubation, the tests were performed in order to investigate the cell morphology, cell viability, membrane integrity and the way of cell death. The results have shown the devastating effect of melittin on the glioma cells. The melittin causes disintegration of cell membranes and induces cell death by apoptosis and less by necrosis.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128496409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.13
A. Radzik-Rant, U. Jankowska, E. Kuznicka, W. Rant
The changes in the milk composition and its lipid fraction during the rearing of lambs in non-milked sheep. Studies regarding the effect of lactation stage on milk content and lipid fraction composition are mostly conducted on milked animals. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the basic milk composition and content of fatty acids in the fat fraction during the rearing of lambs in non-milked sheep. The study was carried out on 22 ewes of Polish lowland sheep of Żelazneńska strain, which reared lambs sold at low weight classes (up to 22 kg). Milk samples were collected at 10th (period 1), 25th (period 2) and 52nd (period 3) day of lactation. There were no differences in the amount of the basic components of milk in the studied periods of lactation beside the fat (P ≤0.05) content. There were also no difference in the content of fatty acid groups in the fat fraction of ewe’s milk examined at 10th, 25th and 52nd day of lactation. Although, in the third period of lactation, the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was slightly higher compared to first period. In turn, the content of oleic acid (P ≥0.30) and C18:3 (P ≤0.05) was higher in 10th day of rearing then in 52nd day. A slightly larger share of essential C18 unsaturated fatty acids in ewe’s milk in early lactation may suggest the involvement of adipose tissue in the formation of milk fat.
{"title":"The changes in the milk composition and its lipid fraction during the rearing of lambs in non-milked sheep","authors":"A. Radzik-Rant, U. Jankowska, E. Kuznicka, W. Rant","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The changes in the milk composition and its lipid fraction during the rearing of lambs in non-milked sheep. Studies regarding the effect of lactation stage on milk content and lipid fraction composition are mostly conducted on milked animals. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the basic milk composition and content of fatty acids in the fat fraction during the rearing of lambs in non-milked sheep. The study was carried out on 22 ewes of Polish lowland sheep of Żelazneńska strain, which reared lambs sold at low weight classes (up to 22 kg). Milk samples were collected at 10th (period 1), 25th (period 2) and 52nd (period 3) day of lactation. There were no differences in the amount of the basic components of milk in the studied periods of lactation beside the fat (P ≤0.05) content. There were also no difference in the content of fatty acid groups in the fat fraction of ewe’s milk examined at 10th, 25th and 52nd day of lactation. Although, in the third period of lactation, the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was slightly higher compared to first period. In turn, the content of oleic acid (P ≥0.30) and C18:3 (P ≤0.05) was higher in 10th day of rearing then in 52nd day. A slightly larger share of essential C18 unsaturated fatty acids in ewe’s milk in early lactation may suggest the involvement of adipose tissue in the formation of milk fat.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134087843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.1
E. Ambroziak, A. Rekiel
Effect of birth weight of piglets on growth rate and rearing performance up to 8 weeks of age. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of the birth weight of piglets on their rearing results up to 56th day of age, as expressed by growth rate and survival. Observations were made on 277 crossbred piglets from 22 litters of F1 sows (Polish Landrace × Polish Large White) derived from crossbred boars (Duroc × Pietrain), which were kept and fed the same way. Piglets were reared with mothers for 5 weeks and observed for 8 weeks. At 1st, 7th, 21st and 56th day of age, piglets were individually weighed. The body weight on day 1 of age served as a basis for dividing the piglets into groups I, II, III and IV (≤1.2; 1.21–1.39; 1.40–1.59; and ≥1.60 kg body weight, respectively). Coefficients of correlation were estimated between body weight on day 1 of age and at day 7, 21 and 56 of life, and daily gains. In the subsequent rearing periods, daily gains in groups I–IV increased and the differences between the groups showed similar relationships. Differences between groups II and III were small (P >0.05), and those between groups I and IV considerable and highly significant. The coefficients of correlation for piglets from groups I (the lightest at birth) and IV (the heaviest at birth) confirm the relationship between birth weight and body weight at 7th (P ≤0.01), 21st (P ≤0.01) and 56th day of age (P ≤0.05), with a downward tendency for the calculated relationships. Furthermore, in group I piglet birth weight was correlated with daily gains from 1st to 7th day (r = +0.365, P ≤0.01) and from 1st to 56th day of age (r = +0.291, P ≤0.05). With the increasing mean body weight at birth, piglet survival increased and was higher in group IV vs I by 13.64 percentage points. The birth weight ≥1.60 kg ensured the best growth rate and survival of the piglets.
{"title":"Effect of birth weight of piglets on growth rate and rearing performance up to 8 weeks of age","authors":"E. Ambroziak, A. Rekiel","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of birth weight of piglets on growth rate and rearing performance up to 8 weeks of age. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of the birth weight of piglets on their rearing results up to 56th day of age, as expressed by growth rate and survival. Observations were made on 277 crossbred piglets from 22 litters of F1 sows (Polish Landrace × Polish Large White) derived from crossbred boars (Duroc × Pietrain), which were kept and fed the same way. Piglets were reared with mothers for 5 weeks and observed for 8 weeks. At 1st, 7th, 21st and 56th day of age, piglets were individually weighed. The body weight on day 1 of age served as a basis for dividing the piglets into groups I, II, III and IV (≤1.2; 1.21–1.39; 1.40–1.59; and ≥1.60 kg body weight, respectively). Coefficients of correlation were estimated between body weight on day 1 of age and at day 7, 21 and 56 of life, and daily gains. In the subsequent rearing periods, daily gains in groups I–IV increased and the differences between the groups showed similar relationships. Differences between groups II and III were small (P >0.05), and those between groups I and IV considerable and highly significant. The coefficients of correlation for piglets from groups I (the lightest at birth) and IV (the heaviest at birth) confirm the relationship between birth weight and body weight at 7th (P ≤0.01), 21st (P ≤0.01) and 56th day of age (P ≤0.05), with a downward tendency for the calculated relationships. Furthermore, in group I piglet birth weight was correlated with daily gains from 1st to 7th day (r = +0.365, P ≤0.01) and from 1st to 56th day of age (r = +0.291, P ≤0.05). With the increasing mean body weight at birth, piglet survival increased and was higher in group IV vs I by 13.64 percentage points. The birth weight ≥1.60 kg ensured the best growth rate and survival of the piglets.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126739528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.5
Ż. Bugajska, Paulina Biniecka, Karolina Daniluk, S. Jaworski, M. Sosnowska
Interaction of hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) with chicken embryo red blood cells (RBC). The purpose of this study was to characterize toxicity of hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) on chicken embryo red blood cells (RBC), which are a perfect model to adapt the hemolysis assay in evaluation of the in vitro blood compatibility of nanoparticles. The samples of blood were treated with different concentration of HNCs (10, 50 and 100 μg/ml). Hemolysis assay showed that the hemolytic activity depends on the dose of HNCs. The microscope observations have shown a difference in morphology between treated and untreated RBC: changes in cell membrane shape and the occurrence of pathological
{"title":"Interaction of hierarchical nanoporous carbons(HNCs) with chicken embryo red blood cells (RBC)","authors":"Ż. Bugajska, Paulina Biniecka, Karolina Daniluk, S. Jaworski, M. Sosnowska","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Interaction of hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) with chicken embryo red blood cells (RBC). The purpose of this study was to characterize toxicity of hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) on chicken embryo red blood cells (RBC), which are a perfect model to adapt the hemolysis assay in evaluation of the in vitro blood compatibility of nanoparticles. The samples of blood were treated with different concentration of HNCs (10, 50 and 100 μg/ml). Hemolysis assay showed that the hemolytic activity depends on the dose of HNCs. The microscope observations have shown a difference in morphology between treated and untreated RBC: changes in cell membrane shape and the occurrence of pathological","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114274534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.4
M. Brzozowski, D. Dzierżanowska-Góryń, L. Gacek
Preliminary study on the relation between polar vixens’ temperament type and the values of selected physiological indicators and cortisol level in the blood serum. The aim of this study was to examine whether there is a correlation between temperament type of polar foxes females, determined with the behavioral tests, and the level of selected physiological indicators and the level of cortisol in blood serum. In the result of conducted studies, there were no differences found between the number of breaths or the number of heartbeats in animals of different temperament types. It was found a higher body temperature in vixens with aggressive temperament compared with the vixens of trustful temperament. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The level of cortisol in the blood serum of aggressive and fearful foxes was higher compared with trustful animals. The observed trend was statistically confirmed (P <0.01). In conclusion it can be said that the study of body temperature and the cortisol level in a blood serum of vixens can be a complementary method to evaluate its suitability as a breeding animals. Full verification of observed dependencies requires confirmation from greater material.
{"title":"Preliminary studies on the relation between polar vixens’ temperament type and the values of selected physiological indicators and cortisol level in the blood serum","authors":"M. Brzozowski, D. Dzierżanowska-Góryń, L. Gacek","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Preliminary study on the relation between polar vixens’ temperament type and the values of selected physiological indicators and cortisol level in the blood serum. The aim of this study was to examine whether there is a correlation between temperament type of polar foxes females, determined with the behavioral tests, and the level of selected physiological indicators and the level of cortisol in blood serum. In the result of conducted studies, there were no differences found between the number of breaths or the number of heartbeats in animals of different temperament types. It was found a higher body temperature in vixens with aggressive temperament compared with the vixens of trustful temperament. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The level of cortisol in the blood serum of aggressive and fearful foxes was higher compared with trustful animals. The observed trend was statistically confirmed (P <0.01). In conclusion it can be said that the study of body temperature and the cortisol level in a blood serum of vixens can be a complementary method to evaluate its suitability as a breeding animals. Full verification of observed dependencies requires confirmation from greater material.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132502589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.10
K. Hołda, R. Głogowski, E. Hać-Szymańczuk, Wioletta Wiczuk
Comprehensive microbiological evaluation of dry foods for growing dogs marketed in Poland. Microbiological safety is one of the most important parts of qualitative assessment and monitoring of commercially available products intended for canine nutrition. Twenty commercial dry dog foods formulated for growing dogs were surveyed for the prevalence of bacterial contamination. To assess total plate counts of mesophilic strains, yeasts and molds, Enterobacteriaceae family and Enterococcus ISO standards were applied. Moreover, the presence of major pathogenic bacteria was evaluated. The growth of molds was detected in five products. Enterobacteriaceae strains were identified in 12 examined foods. Escherichia coli was identified in four samples. Half of the analyzed foods showed apparent presence of enterococci. All analyzed samples were free from Staphylococcus, Salmonella and Listeria spp. contamination. During microscopic confirmation of suspicious colonies Bacillus spp. were identified in seven products. The results of our pilot study allowed to conclude that the principles of good manufacturing practice and hygienic regime were generally respected during factory processing, resulting in a relative low risk, with a clear necessity for continued control.
{"title":"Comprehensive microbiological evaluation of dry foods for growing dogs marketed in Poland","authors":"K. Hołda, R. Głogowski, E. Hać-Szymańczuk, Wioletta Wiczuk","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive microbiological evaluation of dry foods for growing dogs marketed in Poland. Microbiological safety is one of the most important parts of qualitative assessment and monitoring of commercially available products intended for canine nutrition. Twenty commercial dry dog foods formulated for growing dogs were surveyed for the prevalence of bacterial contamination. To assess total plate counts of mesophilic strains, yeasts and molds, Enterobacteriaceae family and Enterococcus ISO standards were applied. Moreover, the presence of major pathogenic bacteria was evaluated. The growth of molds was detected in five products. Enterobacteriaceae strains were identified in 12 examined foods. Escherichia coli was identified in four samples. Half of the analyzed foods showed apparent presence of enterococci. All analyzed samples were free from Staphylococcus, Salmonella and Listeria spp. contamination. During microscopic confirmation of suspicious colonies Bacillus spp. were identified in seven products. The results of our pilot study allowed to conclude that the principles of good manufacturing practice and hygienic regime were generally respected during factory processing, resulting in a relative low risk, with a clear necessity for continued control.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133936204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.16
M. Sosnowska, Marta Kutwin, A. Adamiak, K. Gawin, Ż. Bugajska, Karolina Daniluk
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using aqueous mint (Mentha piperita) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) extracts and their antibacterial activity. The objective of this study was the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) using leaves of mint and cabbage extracts as the reducing and stabilising agents. The presence of nanoparticles was initially confirmed by the obtained colour and next by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Analysis of TEM of obtained Ag-NP indicated that their size ranged 5–50 nm for mint and 10–150 nm for cabbage. The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles against pathogenic strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica were assessed by evaluation of metabolic activity, using the PrestoBlue and XTT test. The higher inhibition of bacterial viability was observed against Gram-negative (E. coli, S. enterica) than Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria.
{"title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using aqueous mint (Mentha piperita) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) extracts and their antibacterial activity","authors":"M. Sosnowska, Marta Kutwin, A. Adamiak, K. Gawin, Ż. Bugajska, Karolina Daniluk","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using aqueous mint (Mentha piperita) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) extracts and their antibacterial activity. The objective of this study was the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) using leaves of mint and cabbage extracts as the reducing and stabilising agents. The presence of nanoparticles was initially confirmed by the obtained colour and next by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Analysis of TEM of obtained Ag-NP indicated that their size ranged 5–50 nm for mint and 10–150 nm for cabbage. The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles against pathogenic strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica were assessed by evaluation of metabolic activity, using the PrestoBlue and XTT test. The higher inhibition of bacterial viability was observed against Gram-negative (E. coli, S. enterica) than Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125109612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.17
M. Wiewióra, M. Lukasiewicz
Growth performance parameters and selected quality traits of meat and femoral bone of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with amorphous diatomaceous earth. This study was aimed at analyzing the effect of the addition of amorphous diatomaceous earth to feed on growth performance parameters and selected quality traits of meat and femoral bone of broiler chickens. The study was conducted with 60 fast-growing Ross 308 broiler chickens, reared until 42nd day of age and divided into a control group (C) and two experimental groups (D2 and D4) (20 birds each). The diatomaceous earth (diatomite) was administered to the birds’ feed from the groups D2 – 2%, D4 – 4%. Individual body weight, feed intake and mortality of chickens were controlled. On day 42 of rearing, six males were selected from each group for slaughter followed by dissection. Dressing percentage, content of muscles and giblets (gizzard, liver and heart), were calculated, and in samples of breast and leg muscles the chemical and physicochemical properties were analyzed. Resistance of the femoral bone to fractures was determined. The addition of diatomite did not affect the health status of chickens. Significantly higher body weight at 42nd day of rearing was noted in the group C vs D4 (P ≤0.05). Significantly higher (P ≤0.01) content of pectoral muscles and lower (P ≤0.05) fat in the carcass of group D2 vs C were noted. The addition of diatomaceous earth did not affect the chemical composition of the breast muscles. The fat content in leg muscles was significantly reduced (P ≤0.05) and water content was increased (P ≤0.05) in group D2 vs C. Femoral bones of D4 birds were significantly more resistant (P ≤0.05) to breaking than in C. Direct relationship between the amount of diatomite and the strength of the femur was found. The most optimal supplementation was considered as 2%.
{"title":"Growth performance parameters and selected quality traits of meat and femoral bone of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with amorphous diatomaceous earth","authors":"M. Wiewióra, M. Lukasiewicz","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Growth performance parameters and selected quality traits of meat and femoral bone of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with amorphous diatomaceous earth. This study was aimed at analyzing the effect of the addition of amorphous diatomaceous earth to feed on growth performance parameters and selected quality traits of meat and femoral bone of broiler chickens. The study was conducted with 60 fast-growing Ross 308 broiler chickens, reared until 42nd day of age and divided into a control group (C) and two experimental groups (D2 and D4) (20 birds each). The diatomaceous earth (diatomite) was administered to the birds’ feed from the groups D2 – 2%, D4 – 4%. Individual body weight, feed intake and mortality of chickens were controlled. On day 42 of rearing, six males were selected from each group for slaughter followed by dissection. Dressing percentage, content of muscles and giblets (gizzard, liver and heart), were calculated, and in samples of breast and leg muscles the chemical and physicochemical properties were analyzed. Resistance of the femoral bone to fractures was determined. The addition of diatomite did not affect the health status of chickens. Significantly higher body weight at 42nd day of rearing was noted in the group C vs D4 (P ≤0.05). Significantly higher (P ≤0.01) content of pectoral muscles and lower (P ≤0.05) fat in the carcass of group D2 vs C were noted. The addition of diatomaceous earth did not affect the chemical composition of the breast muscles. The fat content in leg muscles was significantly reduced (P ≤0.05) and water content was increased (P ≤0.05) in group D2 vs C. Femoral bones of D4 birds were significantly more resistant (P ≤0.05) to breaking than in C. Direct relationship between the amount of diatomite and the strength of the femur was found. The most optimal supplementation was considered as 2%.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132961643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.9
J. Gąbka, Z. Kamiński, M. Stawicka, B. Zajdel
Effect of mating nucs spacing and subspecies of honey bee (Apis mellifera) on the drifting of queens returning from mating flights. The loss of honeybee queens during mating flights increases the cost of their production. The aim of the study was to examine if the spacing of nucs influences the drifting of queen honey bees, which return from mating flights. The study also compared the drifting of Carniolan (A. m. carnica) and Italian (A. m. ligustica) queens. We examined the total of 89 queens which were placed in mating nucs together with about 1,000 workers. Some of the mating nucs were arranged in rows spaced 30 cm apart, without any landmarks, and other nucs were spaced a few meters apart, next to trees or bushes. Each group of nucs included Carniolan and Italian queens. The results show that significantly more queens failed to return from mating flights to nucs placed in rows without any landmarks (51%) than from those placed next to trees or bushes (7%). The study also showed that there is no significant differences between level of drifting of Carniolan
交配核间距和蜜蜂亚种对交配飞行后漂移的影响。在交配飞行中蜂王的损失增加了它们的生产成本。这项研究的目的是研究蜂核的间距是否会影响蜂王的漂移，蜂王从交配飞行中返回。该研究还比较了卡尼奥兰(A. m. carnica)和意大利(A. m. ligustica)蜂后的漂流情况。我们研究了总共89只蚁后，它们与大约1000只工蜂一起被放置在交配笼里。其中一些配对节点被排成一行，间隔30厘米，没有任何标志，其他节点被间隔几米，靠近树木或灌木。每组努克包括卡尼奥兰和意大利女王。结果显示，在交配飞行中，更多的蚁后没有返回到没有任何标志的巢中(51%)，而不是放在树木或灌木旁边(7%)。研究还表明，各地区卡尼兰的漂流水平无显著差异
{"title":"Effect of mating nucs spacing and subspecies of honey bee (Apis mellifera) on the drifting of queens returning from mating flights","authors":"J. Gąbka, Z. Kamiński, M. Stawicka, B. Zajdel","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of mating nucs spacing and subspecies of honey bee (Apis mellifera) on the drifting of queens returning from mating flights. The loss of honeybee queens during mating flights increases the cost of their production. The aim of the study was to examine if the spacing of nucs influences the drifting of queen honey bees, which return from mating flights. The study also compared the drifting of Carniolan (A. m. carnica) and Italian (A. m. ligustica) queens. We examined the total of 89 queens which were placed in mating nucs together with about 1,000 workers. Some of the mating nucs were arranged in rows spaced 30 cm apart, without any landmarks, and other nucs were spaced a few meters apart, next to trees or bushes. Each group of nucs included Carniolan and Italian queens. The results show that significantly more queens failed to return from mating flights to nucs placed in rows without any landmarks (51%) than from those placed next to trees or bushes (7%). The study also showed that there is no significant differences between level of drifting of Carniolan","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116668741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-30DOI: 10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.3
Paulina Biniecka, Ż. Bugajska, Karolina Daniluk, S. Jaworski
Carbon nanoparticles as transporters of melittin to glioma cells in in vitro model. Substances derived from nature have natural cytotoxic properties, melittin, the main component of bee venom is one of them. It has the ability to destroy any lipid bilayer, therefore to be used in a cancer treatment it needs to be targeted. The aim is to create the drug delivery system, which would efficiently deliver the active substance to glioma cells. Carbon nanoparticles are considered to be a good agent in biomedical applications, due to their biocompatibility and small sizes. In this study five types of nanoparticles were used: pristine graphene (GN), nanographene oxide (nGO), graphite (G), nanodiamond (UDD) and hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) to target the melittin to cancer cells. The visualization of the drug delivery complexes of melittin and nanoparticles was done with transmission electron microscopy, the influence of the complexes on cell morphology and structure was pictured with scanning electron microscope. Moreover, in order to check the viability of the cells treated with melittin and the complexes of melittin and nanoparticles the PrestoBlueTM assay was done, also to specify the way of the cell death the annexin V/PI assay was carried out. The results indicate that various nanoparticles behave differently in a complex with melittin. The UDD, GN and nGO nanoparticles resulted in higher mortality than the melittin itself. Creating and applying such complexes of melittin with nanoparticles in glioma cancer treatment may be a promising solution in the therapy.
{"title":"Carbon nanoparticles as transporters of melittin to glioma grade IV U87 cells in in vitro model","authors":"Paulina Biniecka, Ż. Bugajska, Karolina Daniluk, S. Jaworski","doi":"10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/AAS.2017.56.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanoparticles as transporters of melittin to glioma cells in in vitro model. Substances derived from nature have natural cytotoxic properties, melittin, the main component of bee venom is one of them. It has the ability to destroy any lipid bilayer, therefore to be used in a cancer treatment it needs to be targeted. The aim is to create the drug delivery system, which would efficiently deliver the active substance to glioma cells. Carbon nanoparticles are considered to be a good agent in biomedical applications, due to their biocompatibility and small sizes. In this study five types of nanoparticles were used: pristine graphene (GN), nanographene oxide (nGO), graphite (G), nanodiamond (UDD) and hierarchical nanoporous carbons (HNCs) to target the melittin to cancer cells. The visualization of the drug delivery complexes of melittin and nanoparticles was done with transmission electron microscopy, the influence of the complexes on cell morphology and structure was pictured with scanning electron microscope. Moreover, in order to check the viability of the cells treated with melittin and the complexes of melittin and nanoparticles the PrestoBlueTM assay was done, also to specify the way of the cell death the annexin V/PI assay was carried out. The results indicate that various nanoparticles behave differently in a complex with melittin. The UDD, GN and nGO nanoparticles resulted in higher mortality than the melittin itself. Creating and applying such complexes of melittin with nanoparticles in glioma cancer treatment may be a promising solution in the therapy.","PeriodicalId":413804,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences- SGGW Animal Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116670875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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