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Model error compensator design for continuous- and discrete-time non-minimum phase systems with polytopic-type uncertainties 具有多向不确定性的连续和离散非最小相位系统的模型误差补偿器设计
Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2052628
Ryuichiro Yoshida, Hiroshi Okajima, Takumi Sato
This paper presents a design for a model error compensator with a parallel feedforward compensator for continuous- and discrete-time non-minimum phase multiple input multiple output (MIMO) plants. The model error compensator can easily achieve robustness for several types of control systems. By appending the compensator to the actual plant, the output trajectory of the plant can be made close to that of the control system with the intended nominal model. Our previous study proposed a design for the model error compensator using particle swarm optimization and linear matrix inequalities based on the common Lyapunov function. The compensator design for the plants addresses polytopic-type uncertainties. However, it is challenging to design the appropriate gain for the model error compensator if the plant is a non-minimum phase MIMO system. In this study, a parallel feedforward compensator is attached to the model error compensator to achieve minimum phase characteristics. An evaluation system, including a parallel feedforward compensator, can be derived as a system with polytopic uncertainties via the addition of some assumptions. Thus, it is easy to design the gain of the model error compensator in the proposed method and achieve robust performance. The effectiveness of the proposed design is evaluated using numerical examples.
针对连续和离散非最小相位多输入多输出(MIMO)系统,设计了一种带有并联前馈补偿器的模型误差补偿器。模型误差补偿器可以很容易地实现对多种类型控制系统的鲁棒性。通过将补偿器附加到实际对象上,可以使对象的输出轨迹接近具有预期标称模型的控制系统的输出轨迹。在前人的研究中,我们提出了一种基于普通Lyapunov函数的基于粒子群优化和线性矩阵不等式的模型误差补偿器设计。装置的补偿器设计解决了多向型不确定性。然而,对于非最小相位MIMO系统,如何设计合适的模型误差补偿器增益是一个挑战。在模型误差补偿器上附加一个并联前馈补偿器,以实现最小相位特性。通过添加一些假设,可以将包含并联前馈补偿器的评价系统导出为具有多面体不确定性的系统。因此,该方法易于设计模型误差补偿器的增益并实现鲁棒性。通过数值算例对所提设计的有效性进行了评价。
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引用次数: 2
Finding multiple local solutions to optimal control problems via saddle points and its application to the ascent trajectory of a winged rocket 鞍点最优控制问题的多局部解及其在有翼火箭上升弹道中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2055921
T. Fujikawa, K. Yonemoto
Complex nonlinear optimal control problems can have more than a single local solution due to the lack of convexity, and widely-used gradient-based approaches for optimal control have a risk of producing an inferior local solution. Although global optimization methods for optimal control may overcome this difficulty, such existing methods suffer from high computational complexities. This paper presents a novel numerical algorithm for multi-modal optimal control problems based on a saddle-point search method. Starting from an already-found local solution, a saddle-point search algorithm finds a surrounding saddle point of the constrained optimization problem, from which a new local solution is obtained by applying a gradient-based optimizer. By repeating this procedure, multiple locally optimal solutions are explored exhaustively and systematically. Although the developed method is not rigorously guaranteed to produce the global solution, it is applicable to large-scale general optimal control problems with equality and inequality constraints, which makes it a practically beneficial technique. After numerical experiments with an example problem, the ascent trajectory optimization problem of a winged rocket for maximizing apogee altitude is solved by using the proposed method.
由于缺乏凸性,复杂的非线性最优控制问题可能有多个局部解,而广泛使用的基于梯度的最优控制方法有产生劣局部解的风险。虽然最优控制的全局优化方法可以克服这一困难,但现有的方法具有较高的计算复杂度。提出了一种基于鞍点搜索的多模态最优控制算法。鞍点搜索算法从已有的局部解出发,寻找约束优化问题的周围鞍点,并在此鞍点上应用基于梯度的优化器得到新的局部解。通过重复这一过程,详尽而系统地探索了多个局部最优解。虽然所提出的方法不能严格保证产生全局解,但它适用于具有等式和不等式约束的大规模一般最优控制问题,是一种实用的技术。通过一个算例问题的数值实验,用该方法求解了带翼火箭最大远地点高度的上升弹道优化问题。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic product region extraction based on colour similarity and saliency detection models 基于颜色相似度和显著性检测模型的产品区域自动提取
Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2061249
Takuya Futagami, N. Hayasaka
In this paper, product region extraction, which can classify the pixels of the product images as product and background regions, is proposed. The proposed method is based on the handcrafted algorithm using both the colour similarity and the saliency detection. Our experiment, which employed 180 product images, clarified that the proposed method increased all the metric for the extraction accuracy compared with conventional methods based on the handcrafted algorithm. The F-measure, which is the comprehensive metric, was significantly increased by 2.20% or more. Our discussion also found that the proposed method also overcame the shortcoming of the conventional method, because the F-measure for the dataset, the accuracy of which was decreased by the conventional method, was significantly improved. In addition, the F-measure was increased by 0.92% or more for each product category. Further comparison and discussion are included in this paper to provide more focused findings.
本文提出了一种产品区域提取方法,将产品图像的像素划分为产品区域和背景区域。该方法基于手工算法,同时使用颜色相似度和显著性检测。我们使用了180张产品图像的实验表明,与基于手工制作算法的传统方法相比,所提出的方法提高了提取精度的所有指标。作为综合指标的f指数也大幅上升了2.20%以上。我们的讨论还发现,所提出的方法也克服了传统方法的缺点,因为对于数据集的F-measure,传统方法的准确性降低,显著提高。此外,每个产品类别的f值增加了0.92%或更多。本文将进一步进行比较和讨论,以提供更有针对性的发现。
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引用次数: 0
Algorithm for operating an ordinary engineering system as a quantum bit 作为量子比特操作普通工程系统的算法
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2052542
T. Itami, N. Matsui, T. Isokawa, N. Kouda, Takanori Hashimoto
We show an algorithm for the previously proposed quantum computer using classical apparatuses. The target system is not limited to mass points but is a general engineering system that has a more manageable form in equipping terminal edge. After we define such system as “ordinary engineering system,” the method of quantum mechanical optimum feedback control of the nonlinear system is applied. The method makes an ordinary engineering system into a quantum one. As an example that is as stale as possible, a temperature control system is taken. Simulation studies show that our system works as a 1- quantum computer without the special large-scale peripheral equipment required to maintain quantumness. The proposed system is a classic system that is everywhere, so it is easy for anyone to understand. Another advantage is that easy-to-use one-dimensional system can be applied.
我们展示了先前提出的使用经典设备的量子计算机的算法。目标系统不限于质量点,而是在装备终端边缘方面具有更易于管理形式的一般工程系统。在将该系统定义为“普通工程系统”后,应用量子力学最优反馈控制方法对非线性系统进行控制。该方法使一个普通的工程系统变成一个量子系统。作为一个尽可能陈旧的例子,以温度控制系统为例。仿真研究表明,我们的系统可以作为一个1量子计算机工作,而不需要特殊的大型外围设备来保持量子性。所提出的系统是一个无处不在的经典系统,因此任何人都很容易理解。另一个优点是易于使用的一维系统可以应用。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of colour space effect on estimation accuracy of hyperspectral image by dimension extension based on RGB image 基于RGB图像维数扩展的色彩空间对高光谱图像估计精度的影响评价
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2048532
Ryoji Sato, Y. Hamada, T. Kaburagi, Y. Kurihara
Recently, the utilization of hyperspectral images containing several hundred wavelength information has been increasing in various fields. If a hyperspectral image can be estimated from a low-cost RGB image that has only R, G, and B wavelength information without using a hyperspectral camera, it would be useful in various fields. Herein, we propose a hyperspectral image estimation method based on RGB images, wherein RGB components and YUV colour space information calculated from the RGB are applied to a neural network for tuning, and the hyperspectral image is estimated by inputting the output from the tuning neural network to a decoding function of the trained autoencoder. To evaluate the estimation accuracy of hyperspectral images based on differences in the combination of RGB and colour space models, we conducted validity experiments for the estimation of hyperspectral images in three scenarios with different colour spaces: RGB and YUV, RGB and HSV, only RGB. The results showed that the scenario with RGB and YUV colour space exhibited the highest estimation accuracy of 0.913 by averaging all similarities for wavelength among the three scenarios; thus, the validity of the proposed method as an estimation method for hyperspectral images was verified.
近年来,包含数百个波长信息的高光谱图像在各个领域的应用越来越广泛。如果在不使用高光谱相机的情况下,可以从只有R、G和B波长信息的低成本RGB图像中估计出高光谱图像,那么它将在各个领域都很有用。本文提出了一种基于RGB图像的高光谱图像估计方法,该方法将RGB分量和由RGB计算出的YUV色彩空间信息应用于神经网络进行调谐,并将调谐神经网络的输出输入到训练好的自编码器的解码函数中来估计高光谱图像。为了评估基于RGB和色彩空间模型组合差异的高光谱图像估计精度,我们对RGB和YUV、RGB和HSV、仅RGB三种不同色彩空间场景下的高光谱图像估计进行了有效性实验。结果表明:RGB和YUV两种色彩空间场景对波长相似性的平均估计精度最高,为0.913;从而验证了该方法作为高光谱图像估计方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Measures to prevent and control the spread of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection in tourism locations 预防和控制旅游地点新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)感染传播的措施
Pub Date : 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2021.2012398
Hideyuki Nagai, S. Kurahashi
This study reproduces the infection process of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in an agent-based model and compares the effects of multiple infection prevention and control measures for a tourism location. In this model, 3200 virtual resident agents live in nine areas where they commute to employment locations or schools and visit stores. This model simulates a spreading infection process, brought by a continuous influx of tourists. The experiments' results showed that an individual infection prevention measure alone or partially combined measures are insufficient. On the other hand, we confirmed that regular PCR testing for tourism business employees and an active epidemiological investigation are effective.
本研究采用基于agent的模型再现了2019年新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的感染过程,并比较了旅游景区多种感染防控措施的效果。在这个模型中,3200名虚拟常驻代理生活在9个地区,他们通勤于工作地点或学校,并访问商店。这个模型模拟了一个不断涌入的游客带来的传播感染过程。实验结果表明,单独采取单项感染预防措施或部分联合措施是不够的。另一方面,我们确认定期对旅游企业员工进行PCR检测和积极开展流行病学调查是有效的。
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引用次数: 4
Kullback–Leibler control for discrete-time nonlinear systems on continuous spaces 连续空间上离散非线性系统的Kullback-Leibler控制
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2095827
Kaito Ito, K. Kashima
Kullback–Leibler (KL) control enables efficient numerical methods for nonlinear optimal control problems. The crucial assumption of KL control is the full controllability of transition distributions. However, this assumption is often violated when the dynamics evolves in a continuous space. Consequently, applying KL control to problems with continuous spaces requires some approximation, which leads to the loss of the optimality. To avoid such an approximation, in this paper, we reformulate the KL control problem for continuous spaces so that it does not require unrealistic assumptions. The key difference between the original and reformulated KL control is that the former measures the control effort by the KL divergence between controlled and uncontrolled transition distributions while the latter replaces the uncontrolled transition by a noise-driven transition. We show that the reformulated KL control admits efficient numerical algorithms like the original one without unreasonable assumptions. Specifically, the associated value function can be computed by using a Monte Carlo method based on its path integral representation.
Kullback-Leibler (KL)控制为非线性最优控制问题提供了有效的数值方法。KL控制的关键假设是过渡分布的完全可控性。然而,当动态在连续空间中发展时,这个假设经常被违背。因此,将KL控制应用于具有连续空间的问题需要一些近似,这将导致最优性的丧失。为了避免这种近似,在本文中,我们重新表述了连续空间的KL控制问题,使其不需要不切实际的假设。原始和重新表述的KL控制之间的关键区别在于,前者通过受控和非受控过渡分布之间的KL散度来度量控制努力,而后者用噪声驱动的过渡取代非受控过渡。我们表明,重新表述的KL控制允许像原始控制一样有效的数值算法,没有不合理的假设。具体来说,相关的值函数可以通过基于其路径积分表示的蒙特卡罗方法来计算。
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引用次数: 2
Direct data-driven control approach of reference shaping for two degree of freedom control 直接数据驱动控制方法的参考整形为二自由度控制
Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2044641
Motoya Suzuki, O. Kaneko
In this study, we propose a novel data-driven approach for control of two degrees of freedom systems. The proposed method uses one-shot experimental data to derive the reference governor for improving control performance. The reference governor consists of feedback-feedforward controller, desired transfer function, and virtual feedforward controller. Virtual feedforward controller can be obtained using data-driven control approach such as ERIT, FRIT, and VRFT. Since a model is not required in our method, the cost related to modelling can be reduced. Numerical simulations were used to validate the proposed method. Verification results demonstrate that the desired control response was achieved by reference shaping alone, with the feedback and feedforward controllers not requiring any updates. The proposed method can realize the desired control performance in cases where the plant is non-minimum-phase system.
在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新的数据驱动方法来控制二自由度系统。该方法利用单次实验数据推导出参考调速器,以提高控制性能。参考调速器由反馈-前馈控制器、期望传递函数和虚拟前馈控制器组成。利用ERIT、FRIT、VRFT等数据驱动控制方法可以获得虚拟前馈控制器。由于我们的方法中不需要模型,因此可以减少与建模相关的成本。数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性。验证结果表明,仅通过参考整形即可实现所需的控制响应,反馈和前馈控制器不需要任何更新。该方法可以在非最小相位系统中实现理想的控制性能。
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引用次数: 0
A mapping-based constraint-handling technique for evolutionary algorithms with its applications to portfolio optimization problems 一种基于映射的进化算法约束处理技术及其在投资组合优化问题中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2040268
K. Tagawa, Y. Orito
A novel Constraint-Handling Technique (CHT) for Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) applied to constrained optimization problems is proposed. It is assumed that the feasible region of the constrained optimization problem is defined by a convex-hull of multiple vertices. On the other hand, without loss of generality, the search space of EA is given by a hyper-cube. The proposed CHT called Convex-Hull Mapping (CHM) transforms the real vector in the search space of EA into the solution in the feasible region. It is also proven that CHM performs a surjective mapping from the search space of EA to the feasible region. Although the proposed CHM can be applied to any EAs, one of the latest EAs, or Adaptive Differential Evolution (ADE), is used in this paper. By using ADE, CHM is compared with conventional CHTs in a real-world optimization problem in the field of finance, namely the portfolio optimization problem. Portfolio optimization is the process of determining the best proportion of investment in different assets according to some objective. Specifically, to reveal the characteristic of CHM depending on the number of the above vertices, three different formulations of the portfolio optimization problem are employed to evaluate the performance of ADE using CHM. Numerical experiments show that CHM is better than conventional CHTs in most cases. Moreover, the hybrid method combining CHM with a conventional CHT outperforms the original CHT.
提出了一种适用于约束优化问题的进化算法约束处理技术。假设约束优化问题的可行域由一个多顶点的凸壳定义。另一方面,在不失一般性的前提下,EA的搜索空间由超立方体给出。所提出的凸壳映射(CHM)将EA搜索空间中的实向量转化为可行域的解。并证明了CHM从EA的搜索空间到可行域的满射映射。虽然所提出的CHM可以应用于任何ea,但本文使用了最新的ea之一,即自适应差分进化(ADE)。利用ADE将CHM与传统的cht在金融领域的一个现实优化问题,即投资组合优化问题中进行比较。投资组合优化是根据一定的目标确定不同资产的最佳投资比例的过程。具体而言,为了揭示CHM随上述顶点数量的变化特征,我们采用了三种不同的组合优化问题公式来评估基于CHM的ADE的绩效。数值实验表明,在大多数情况下,CHM比常规cht效果更好。此外,将CHM与传统CHT相结合的混合方法优于原始CHT。
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引用次数: 2
Adaptive output feedback control with cerebellar model articulation controller-based adaptive PFC and feedforward input 基于自适应PFC和前馈输入的小脑模型关节控制器自适应输出反馈控制
Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/18824889.2022.2035925
Nozomu Otakara, Kota Akaike, S. Kunimatsu, I. Mizumoto
This paper deals with a design scheme of adaptive output feedback control system with an adaptive parallel feedforward compensator (PFC) and an adaptive feedforward input based on the cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC). It is shown that, by applying the CMAC strategy to PFC design, we can obtain a PFC, which makes the resulting augmented system almost strictly positive real approximately, for a nonlinear system. Moreover, an adaptive feedforward input to attain output tracking for the practical output is also provided via CMAC. The stability of the obtained control system will be analysed and the convergence of the mean value of tracking error to a small range will be shown. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed method will be validated through numerical simulations.
提出了一种基于小脑模型关节控制器(CMAC)的自适应并联前馈补偿器(PFC)和自适应前馈输入的自适应输出反馈控制系统的设计方案。结果表明,将CMAC策略应用到PFC设计中,对于非线性系统,我们可以得到一个几乎严格正实近似增广系统的PFC。此外,还通过CMAC提供了一个自适应前馈输入,以实现对实际输出的输出跟踪。分析了所得到的控制系统的稳定性,并证明了跟踪误差均值在一个小范围内的收敛性。此外,本文还将通过数值仿真验证该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
SICE journal of control, measurement, and system integration
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