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Variable and Weighted Granularity "Logic Disjunction" Degree Multi Granularity Rough Set 可变和加权粒度“逻辑析取”度多粒度粗糙集
Xiaoyan Wang, Tao Zhu, Yuanxia Shen
For incomplete information systems, the existing variable multi granularity rough set and weighted multi granularity rough set are extended, and a variable and weighted granularity "logic disjunction" degree multi granularity rough set based on limited tolerance relation is proposed. The properties and relations of variable and weighted granularity "logic disjunction" degree multi granularity rough set, variable degree multi granularity rough set and weighted degree multi granularity rough set are studied. Finally, the effectiveness of the model and related properties is verified by example analysis and experiments.
针对不完全信息系统,对已有的变多粒度粗集和加权多粒度粗集进行了扩展,提出了一种基于有限容差关系的变和加权粒度“逻辑断”度多粒度粗集。研究了变粒度和加权粒度“逻辑析取”度多粒度粗集、变粒度多粒度粗集和加权粒度多粒度粗集的性质和关系。最后,通过实例分析和实验验证了模型的有效性和相关特性。
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引用次数: 0
Bursty Events Detection with the Field of Mobile Customer Service 移动客户服务领域的突发事件检测
Lili Kong, Chao Xue, Naiyu Tan
In the field of mobile customer service, the increase of traffic volume and the drop of connection rate caused by uncertain factors are called bursty events. When bursty events occur, detecting the bursty events timely and proactively can improve resource scheduling efficiency, connection rate, and customer satisfaction. The existing bursty events detection methods are mainly dependent on human experience, which detect events untimely and incompletely. In this paper, an unsupervised approach of detecting bursty events based on speech-to-text data is proposed, which makes good use of multiple dimensional features of the field to detect and track bursty events. Using our method, we achieve performances of 90.46%, 86.22% and 86.15% w.r.t. the average precision, recall and F1 score respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective to detect bursty events among considerable speech-to-text data.
在移动客服领域,由于不确定因素导致的流量增加和接通率下降被称为突发事件。当突发事件发生时,及时、主动地检测突发事件,可以提高资源调度效率、连接率和客户满意度。现有的突发事件检测方法主要依靠人的经验,对突发事件的检测不及时、不完整。本文提出了一种基于语音到文本数据的无监督突发事件检测方法,该方法充分利用了领域的多维特征来检测和跟踪突发事件。使用我们的方法,我们的平均准确率,召回率和F1分数分别达到90.46%,86.22%和86.15%。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地检测大量语音到文本数据中的突发事件。
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引用次数: 0
LCR-GAN: Learning Crucial Representation for Anomaly Detection LCR-GAN:学习异常检测的关键表征
Shuo Liu, Li-wen Xu, Jin-Rong Wang, Yan Sun, Zeran Qin
Anomaly detection is pivotal and challenging in artificial intelligence, which aims to determine whether a query sample comes from the same class, given a set of normal samples from a particular class. There are a plethora of anomaly detection methods based on generative models; however, these methods aim to make the reconstruction error of the training samples smaller or extract more information from the training samples. We believe that it is more important for anomaly detection to extract crucial representation from normal samples rather than more information, so we propose a semi-supervised method named LCR-GAN. We conducted extensive experiments on four image datasets and 15 tabular datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Meanwhile, we also carried out an anti-noise study to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method.
异常检测在人工智能中是关键和具有挑战性的,其目的是确定查询样本是否来自同一类,给定一组来自特定类的正常样本。有很多基于生成模型的异常检测方法;然而,这些方法的目的是使训练样本的重构误差更小或从训练样本中提取更多的信息。我们认为,对于异常检测来说,从正常样本中提取关键的表征比提取更多的信息更重要,因此我们提出了一种半监督方法LCR-GAN。我们在4个图像数据集和15个表格数据集上进行了广泛的实验,以证明所提出方法的有效性。同时,我们还进行了抗噪声研究,以证明该方法的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Human Fall Detection Model with Lightweight Network and Tracking in Video 基于轻量级网络和视频跟踪的人体跌倒检测模型
Xiaoli Ren, Yunjie Zhang, Yanrong Yang
In order to real time and accurately detect the action of human falling, combined with lightweight detection network, Kalman filter tracking, posture estimation network and spatiotemporal graph convolutional network, a joint algorithm for human fall detection in video is proposed. Firstly, the lightweight YOLOv3-Tiny algorithm is used to locate the frame of human in video, which can quickly detect the human-frame; among them, for the situation that the human body is likely to be missed in video, the Kalman filter tracking algorithm is integrated into the stage of target-detection and the accuracy of detecting is improved. Secondly, the human-frame detected or tracked in video is sent to the AlphaPose network to estimate the posture graph about human body. Finally, the spatiotemporal graph convolutional network is exploited to extract the spatiotemporal features of the human body, and eventually the result for classification is output. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper, which is more appealing and successful than the other algorithm.
为了实时准确地检测人体跌倒动作,结合轻量级检测网络、卡尔曼滤波跟踪、姿态估计网络和时空图卷积网络,提出了一种视频中人体跌倒检测的联合算法。首先,采用轻量级的YOLOv3-Tiny算法对视频中的人体帧进行定位,能够快速检测出人体帧;其中,针对视频中人体容易被遗漏的情况,将卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法集成到目标检测阶段,提高了检测精度。其次,将视频中检测到或跟踪到的人体帧发送到AlphaPose网络,估计人体姿态图;最后,利用时空图卷积网络提取人体的时空特征,并输出分类结果。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法比其他算法更具吸引力和有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Enhanced Efficient YOLOv3-tiny for Object Detection 增强高效YOLOv3-tiny的目标检测
Huanqia Cai, Lele Xu, Lili Guo
Lightweight object detection models have great application prospects in resource-restricted scenarios such as mobile and embedded devices, and have been a hot topic in the computer vision community. However, most existing lightweight object detection methods show poor detection accuracy. In this study, we put forward a lightweight objection detection model named Enhanced-YOLOv3-tiny to improve the detection accuracy and reduce the model complexity at the same time. In Enhanced-YOLOv3-tiny, we propose a new backbone named GhostDarkNet based on DarkNet53 and Ghost Module for decreasing the model parameters, which helps to get more representative features compared with YOLOv3-tiny. Furthermore, we put forward a new Multiscale Head, which adds three more heads and includes Ghost Module in each head to fuse multi-scale features. Experiments on the Priority Research Application dataset from the real scenes in driving show that the proposed Enhanced-YOLOv3-tiny outperforms the state-of-the-art YOLOv3-tiny by 8.4% improvement in AP metric and decreases parameters from 8.8M to 3.9M, demonstrating the application potentials of our proposed method in resource-constrained scenarios.
轻量级目标检测模型在移动和嵌入式设备等资源受限场景中具有很大的应用前景,一直是计算机视觉界的研究热点。然而,现有的大多数轻量化目标检测方法检测精度较差。在本研究中,我们提出了一种轻量级的目标检测模型Enhanced-YOLOv3-tiny,在提高检测精度的同时降低模型复杂度。在Enhanced-YOLOv3-tiny中,我们提出了一种基于DarkNet53和Ghost Module的新主干GhostDarkNet,以减少模型参数,从而获得比YOLOv3-tiny更具代表性的特征。在此基础上,我们提出了一种新的多尺度磁头,该磁头增加了3个磁头,并在每个磁头中加入Ghost Module以融合多尺度特征。在Priority Research Application真实驾驶场景数据集上的实验表明,本文提出的Enhanced-YOLOv3-tiny在AP度量上比最先进的YOLOv3-tiny提高了8.4%,并将参数从8.8M降至3.9M,证明了本文提出的方法在资源受限场景下的应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Regression Algorithm Based on Self-Distillation and Ensemble Learning 基于自蒸馏和集成学习的回归算法
Yaqi Li, Qiwen Dong, Gang Liu
Low-dimensional feature regression is a common problem in various disciplines, such as chemistry, kinetics, and medicine, etc. Most common solutions are based on machine learning, but as deep learning evolves, there is room for performance improvements. A few researchers have proposed deep learning-based solutions such as ResidualNet, GrowNet and EnsembleNet. The latter two methods are both boost methods, which are more suitable for shallow network, and the model performance is basically determined by the first model, with limited effect of subsequent boosting steps. We propose a method based on self-distillation and bagging, which selects the well-performing base model and distills several student models by appropriate regression distillation algorithm. Finally, the output of these student models is averaged as the final result. This integration method can be applied to any form of network. The method achieves good results in the CASP dataset, and the R2(Coefficient of Determination) of the model is improved from (0.65) to (0.70) in comparison with the best base model ResidualNet.
低维特征回归是化学、动力学、医学等学科中常见的问题。大多数常见的解决方案都是基于机器学习的,但随着深度学习的发展,性能还有改进的空间。一些研究人员提出了基于深度学习的解决方案,如ResidualNet、GrowNet和EnsembleNet。后两种方法都是boost方法,更适合于浅层网络,模型性能基本由第一个模型决定,后续boost步骤的影响有限。我们提出了一种基于自蒸馏和装袋的方法,该方法选择性能较好的基本模型,并通过适当的回归蒸馏算法对多个学生模型进行蒸馏。最后,将这些学生模型的输出平均作为最终结果。这种集成方法适用于任何形式的网络。该方法在CASP数据集上取得了较好的效果,与最佳基础模型residalnet相比,模型的R2(决定系数)由(0.65)提高到(0.70)。
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引用次数: 0
The Research of Predicting Student's Academic Performance Based on Educational Data 基于教育数据的学生学习成绩预测研究
Yubo Zhang, Yanfang Liu
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of teaching informatization, online teaching or online and offline hybrid teaching has become the new normal of teaching in some schools. However, the biggest problem in online teaching is that it is difficult to predict students' academic performance. Therefore, it is necessary to design an effective method to predict students' academic performance more accurately. In this paper, a student academic level prediction method based on stacking model fusion is proposed. Logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, and Naive Bayes are selected as base learners according to optimal fusion criteria and model properties. Furthermore, the structure and distribution of the features of the dataset are optimized by data preprocessing, feature coding, and feature selection, and the upper limit of the model expression is effectively raised. On this basis, according to the features of dataset and model performance, we select the appropriate model for model fusion, and further improve the prediction effect. Experiments are conducted on OULAD and xAPI datasets, and the results show that the prediction accuracy of the proposed method is better than that of traditional prediction methods. Finally, we analyze the factors that affect academic performance and give some specific suggestions.
近年来,随着教学信息化程度的不断提高,在线教学或线上线下混合教学已成为一些学校教学的新常态。然而,在线教学最大的问题是很难预测学生的学习成绩。因此,有必要设计一种有效的方法来更准确地预测学生的学习成绩。提出了一种基于叠加模型融合的学生学业水平预测方法。根据最优融合准则和模型特性,选择逻辑回归、随机森林、XGBoost和朴素贝叶斯作为基础学习器。通过数据预处理、特征编码、特征选择等方法对数据集特征的结构和分布进行优化,有效提高了模型表达的上限。在此基础上,根据数据集和模型性能的特点,选择合适的模型进行模型融合,进一步提高预测效果。在OULAD和xAPI数据集上进行了实验,结果表明,该方法的预测精度优于传统的预测方法。最后,分析了影响学生学习成绩的因素,并提出了具体的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Sampling May Not Always Increase Detector Performance: A Study on Collecting Training Examples 抽样不一定能提高检测器的性能:一种收集训练样本的研究
Jun Liu, Shuang Lai
In recent years, the research of computer vision is popular. However, the image data that can be used for computer vision training is very limited, so it is necessary to find an effective method to expand the datasets based on the existing image data. In this paper, we study methods to collect more training data from existing datasets and compare detectors’ performance trained with datasets generated by different methods. One method is to perform sampling-based on statistical properties of feature descriptors. For every feature, the underlying assumption is that a probability density function (PDF) exists, such PDF is approximated with existing training examples and new training examples are sampled from the approximated PDF. The other method is simply to expand the existing datasets by flipping each training example along its symmetric axis. Locally Adaptive Regression Kernel (LARK) feature is used in this paper because it is robust against illumination changes and noise. Our experimental results demonstrate that an expanded training dataset is not always preferable, even if the expanded dataset includes all original training data.
近年来,计算机视觉的研究非常热门。然而,可用于计算机视觉训练的图像数据非常有限,因此有必要在现有图像数据的基础上寻找一种有效的方法来扩展数据集。在本文中,我们研究了从现有数据集中收集更多训练数据的方法,并比较了不同方法生成的数据集训练后的检测器性能。一种方法是基于特征描述符的统计性质进行抽样。对于每一个特征,其基本假设是存在一个概率密度函数(PDF),用已有的训练样例对概率密度函数进行近似,并从近似的概率密度函数中采样新的训练样例。另一种方法是通过沿其对称轴翻转每个训练示例来扩展现有数据集。局部自适应回归核(LARK)特征对光照变化和噪声具有较强的鲁棒性。我们的实验结果表明,扩展的训练数据集并不总是更好的,即使扩展的数据集包括所有原始训练数据。
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引用次数: 0
Mining Latent Semantic Correlation inspired by Quantum Entanglement 基于量子纠缠的潜在语义关联挖掘
Zan Li, Yuexian Hou, Tingsan Pan, Tian Tian, Yingjie Gao
Text representation learning is the cornerstone of solving downstream problems in Natural Language Processing (NLP). However, mining the potential explanatory factors or semantic associations behind data, rather than simply representing the superficial co-occurrence of words, remains a non-trivial challenge. To this end, we seek inspiration from the Quantum Entanglement (QE) which can effectively provide a complete description for the nature of realities and a globally-determined intrinsic correlation of considered objects, thus proposing a novel representation learning hypothesis called the Latent Semantic Correlation (LSC), namely the implicit internal coherence between the semantic space and its corresponding category space. To construct a multi-granularity representation from sememes to words, phrases, sentences, and higher-level LSC, we implement a QE-inspired Network (QEN) under the constraints of quantum formalism and propose the Local Semantic Measurement (LSM) and Extraction (LSE) for effectively capturing probability distribution information from the entangled state of a bipartite quantum system, which has a clear geometrical motivation but also supports a well-founded probabilistic interpretation. Experimental results conducted on several benchmarking classification tasks prove the validity of the LSC hypothesis and the superiority of QEN.
文本表示学习是解决自然语言处理(NLP)中下游问题的基石。然而,挖掘潜在的解释因素或数据背后的语义关联,而不是简单地表示肤浅的词语共现,仍然是一个不小的挑战。为此,我们从量子纠缠(Quantum Entanglement, QE)中寻求灵感,量子纠缠(Quantum Entanglement, QE)可以有效地提供对现实本质的完整描述和被考虑对象的全局确定的内在相关性,从而提出了一种新的表征学习假设,即潜在语义相关性(Latent Semantic correlation, LSC),即语义空间与其对应的类别空间之间的隐式内部一致性。为了构建从义元到词、短语、句子和更高级的LSC的多粒度表示,我们在量子形式化的约束下实现了一个量子启发网络(QEN),并提出了局部语义测量(LSM)和提取(LSE),用于从二部量子系统的纠缠状态中有效捕获概率分布信息,该系统具有明确的几何动机,但也支持良好的概率解释。在多个基准分类任务上的实验结果证明了LSC假设的有效性和QEN的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Digital Exhibition Design of Former Residence Memorial Hall based on IPOP Theory 基于IPOP理论的故居纪念馆数字化展示设计研究
Xia Wang, Zhengqing Jiang
This paper takes visitor experience as the center to study the specific strategies to enhance the digital display effect of the former residence Memorial Hall, in order to deal with the plight of its digital display development lag. Based on the theory of IPOP, this paper makes an empirical study of Tsou Jung Memorial Hall through questionnaire survey and field observation, this paper discusses the differences of four kinds of audience on the digital display of the former residence Memorial Hall. There are significant differences and correlations among the four kinds of experiences dimensions among the audiences with different preference types. Through the analysis of their internal relations, this paper explores the application possibility of IPOP theory in the digital display experience of museums, it provides a general plan for the evaluation of demonstration effect and the standard of technology application.
本文以游客体验为中心,研究提升故居纪念馆数字展示效果的具体策略,以应对其数字展示发展滞后的困境。本文以IPOP理论为基础,通过问卷调查和实地观察,对祖正纪念馆进行了实证研究,探讨了四种观众对故居纪念馆数字展示的差异。不同偏好类型的受众在四种体验维度上存在显著的差异和相关性。通过对二者内在关系的分析,探索IPOP理论在博物馆数字展示体验中的应用可能性,为示范效果评价和技术应用标准提供总体规划。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 2021 5th International Conference on Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
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