Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230902.11
Isaac Jonathan Maude, Arinzechukwu Jude Okpara, Ruth Agwom Panle, Azuakolam David Micah
Financial institutions are faced with increasingly keen competition and rising costs as a result of regulatory requirements, financial and technological innovations, institutional distress and other challenges which have dramatic effects on their performances. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study was grounded in profit maximization theory in relation to FDI performance. This study employs a survey design aimed at establishing the effects of the variables of foreign direct investment as the independent variable on financial institution performance as the dependent variable. The population of this study was based on 10 selected financial institutions operating in Jos Metropolitan city of Plateau Nigeria as at 1st January 2022. Each bank is represented by its Chief finance officer (CFO). Primary data and secondary data were collected from the annual financial statement of selected financial institutions through the respective Chief finance officers also, books, journals and publications, while primary data was collected through questionnaire, while the scope dwells on the deposit money banks in Jos, Plateau State. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that the FDI variables indicate a strong impact on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study recommends that a solid framework should be set up in order to curtail bottlenecks and other issues in relation to FDI among Financial institution performance. The study concludes that FDI in relation to financial institutions’ transactions can be intermediated by its dimensions (Foreign exchange).
{"title":"Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Financial Institution Performance in Nigeria: A Study of Jos Metroplolitan City of Plateau State","authors":"Isaac Jonathan Maude, Arinzechukwu Jude Okpara, Ruth Agwom Panle, Azuakolam David Micah","doi":"10.11648/j.ajasr.20230902.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230902.11","url":null,"abstract":"Financial institutions are faced with increasingly keen competition and rising costs as a result of regulatory requirements, financial and technological innovations, institutional distress and other challenges which have dramatic effects on their performances. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study was grounded in profit maximization theory in relation to FDI performance. This study employs a survey design aimed at establishing the effects of the variables of foreign direct investment as the independent variable on financial institution performance as the dependent variable. The population of this study was based on 10 selected financial institutions operating in Jos Metropolitan city of Plateau Nigeria as at 1st January 2022. Each bank is represented by its Chief finance officer (CFO). Primary data and secondary data were collected from the annual financial statement of selected financial institutions through the respective Chief finance officers also, books, journals and publications, while primary data was collected through questionnaire, while the scope dwells on the deposit money banks in Jos, Plateau State. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that the FDI variables indicate a strong impact on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study recommends that a solid framework should be set up in order to curtail bottlenecks and other issues in relation to FDI among Financial institution performance. The study concludes that FDI in relation to financial institutions’ transactions can be intermediated by its dimensions (Foreign exchange).","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133405267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Average Based Method for Finding the Basic Feasible Solution for the Fuzzy Transportation Problems","authors":"Ekanayake Mudiyanselage Dananjaya Bandara Ekanayake, Ekanayake Mudiyanselage Uthpala Senarath Bandara Ekanayake","doi":"10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125765681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.11648/J.AJASR.20210704.11
Muluken Jemberie, Sampath Rangaraj
Spinning triangle is a critical area that influences the physical and mechanical properties of yarn. Previous researchers have done several works related to spinning triangle by modifying yarn path primarily considering only one side diagonal yarn path meaning that either left or right diagonal yarn path. The others used single yarn count and twist level on different variety of raw materials. This research was produced cotton ring yarns by varying count (36 Ne, 40 Ne) and twist level (1014 TPM, 1080 TPM) using right and left diagonal paths in Z-twist direction. The yarns were tested and it was observed that 25%, 0.34%, 37% and 25% reduction in hairiness, CVm%, thin place and thick place respectively with slight decreasing of tenacity in left diagonal path yarn. In right diagonal path yarn there is 3%, 16%, 59% and 14% increasing of yarn hairiness, CVm%, thin place and thick place respectively with 10% reduction of tenacity. Therefore, the left diagonal path has a significant improvement of ring spun yarn quality in terms of physical properties. On the other hand, the right diagonal path yarn were deteriorated all the physical and tensile properties of ring spun yarn. This is occurring due to the mismatching of right diagonal path with Z-twist direction.
{"title":"Study on the Properties of Cotton Yarn with Modified Yarn Path in Ring Spinning","authors":"Muluken Jemberie, Sampath Rangaraj","doi":"10.11648/J.AJASR.20210704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJASR.20210704.11","url":null,"abstract":"Spinning triangle is a critical area that influences the physical and mechanical properties of yarn. Previous researchers have done several works related to spinning triangle by modifying yarn path primarily considering only one side diagonal yarn path meaning that either left or right diagonal yarn path. The others used single yarn count and twist level on different variety of raw materials. This research was produced cotton ring yarns by varying count (36 Ne, 40 Ne) and twist level (1014 TPM, 1080 TPM) using right and left diagonal paths in Z-twist direction. The yarns were tested and it was observed that 25%, 0.34%, 37% and 25% reduction in hairiness, CVm%, thin place and thick place respectively with slight decreasing of tenacity in left diagonal path yarn. In right diagonal path yarn there is 3%, 16%, 59% and 14% increasing of yarn hairiness, CVm%, thin place and thick place respectively with 10% reduction of tenacity. Therefore, the left diagonal path has a significant improvement of ring spun yarn quality in terms of physical properties. On the other hand, the right diagonal path yarn were deteriorated all the physical and tensile properties of ring spun yarn. This is occurring due to the mismatching of right diagonal path with Z-twist direction.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114723230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-26DOI: 10.11648/J.AJASR.20210703.14
Bantamlak Birlie, Sampath Rangaraj
Currently, ring spinning has limitations of poor integration of fibers that protrude from yarn surface, which causes hairiness and irregularity. The aim of this research is to improve yarn quality by modification of bottom apron/nose bar with perforation and applying air-suction in a conventional Reiter G35 ring frame and spinning 29.52 Tex (20 Ne) and 14.76 Tex (40 Ne). To produce modified yarn 17 combinations of apron hole diameter, suction pressure, and widthwise hole distance was used. The ANOVA result shows that as suction pressure increases hairiness, tenacity, and thick place (+50%/km) were improved significantly for both counts. Based on the result suction pressure, apron hole diameter, and hole distance were optimized to 23.9 mbar, 1.58 mm and 10 mm respectively for 40 Ne and 25 mbar, 1.75 mm, and 11.6 mm respectively for 20 Ne. As compared with conventional hairiness, tenacity, thin place, and thick place of 40 Ne modified yarn were improved by 16.25%, 12.7%, 17.42%, and 14.62% respectively. Whereas hairiness, tenacity, and thick place of 20 Ne modified yarn were improved by 8.87%, 7.42%, and 18.2% respectively. Thus, the modified G35 method of yarn condensing has capability to be used as an alternative method of conventional spinning as it is capable of producing better quality yarn.
{"title":"Investigation of Yarn Quality in Ring Yarn by Modifying Bottom Apron/Nose Bar with Perforations and Air-Suction","authors":"Bantamlak Birlie, Sampath Rangaraj","doi":"10.11648/J.AJASR.20210703.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJASR.20210703.14","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, ring spinning has limitations of poor integration of fibers that protrude from yarn surface, which causes hairiness and irregularity. The aim of this research is to improve yarn quality by modification of bottom apron/nose bar with perforation and applying air-suction in a conventional Reiter G35 ring frame and spinning 29.52 Tex (20 Ne) and 14.76 Tex (40 Ne). To produce modified yarn 17 combinations of apron hole diameter, suction pressure, and widthwise hole distance was used. The ANOVA result shows that as suction pressure increases hairiness, tenacity, and thick place (+50%/km) were improved significantly for both counts. Based on the result suction pressure, apron hole diameter, and hole distance were optimized to 23.9 mbar, 1.58 mm and 10 mm respectively for 40 Ne and 25 mbar, 1.75 mm, and 11.6 mm respectively for 20 Ne. As compared with conventional hairiness, tenacity, thin place, and thick place of 40 Ne modified yarn were improved by 16.25%, 12.7%, 17.42%, and 14.62% respectively. Whereas hairiness, tenacity, and thick place of 20 Ne modified yarn were improved by 8.87%, 7.42%, and 18.2% respectively. Thus, the modified G35 method of yarn condensing has capability to be used as an alternative method of conventional spinning as it is capable of producing better quality yarn.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.11648/J.AJASR.20210703.11
Dušan Mešić
The changes in national financial systems during the last two decades are reflected, inter alia, in the emergence of Fintech firms. The name is a portmanteau from the words finance and technology. These include online platforms for raising and lending funds, robots-consultants, crypto currency trading, securities trading, electronic payments, digital investment management. They do not have to comply with prudential regulations as banks. They have become competitors to banks in performing banking operations. In order for someone to do business with Fintech firms, it is enough to have a mobile phone. In their business, they are exposed to financial and operational risks. Financial risks can occur in the form of maturity mismatch risk and liquidity mismatch risk. Operational risks can be caused by human error and inadequate information systems. For ten years now, Fintech firms have been operating in European countries undergoing transition. The governments of these countries have also encouraged the proliferation of Fintech firms by establishment of innovation authorities. In recent years, the operations of Fintech firms have been more adequately regulated by supervisory institutions by enacting regulations that cover their operations. The European supervisory institutions have enacted measures that are related to business operations of Fintech firms, but despite these efforts, regional differences between EU member states are still present.
{"title":"Origin, Role and Supervision of Fintech Firms","authors":"Dušan Mešić","doi":"10.11648/J.AJASR.20210703.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJASR.20210703.11","url":null,"abstract":"The changes in national financial systems during the last two decades are reflected, inter alia, in the emergence of Fintech firms. The name is a portmanteau from the words finance and technology. These include online platforms for raising and lending funds, robots-consultants, crypto currency trading, securities trading, electronic payments, digital investment management. They do not have to comply with prudential regulations as banks. They have become competitors to banks in performing banking operations. In order for someone to do business with Fintech firms, it is enough to have a mobile phone. In their business, they are exposed to financial and operational risks. Financial risks can occur in the form of maturity mismatch risk and liquidity mismatch risk. Operational risks can be caused by human error and inadequate information systems. For ten years now, Fintech firms have been operating in European countries undergoing transition. The governments of these countries have also encouraged the proliferation of Fintech firms by establishment of innovation authorities. In recent years, the operations of Fintech firms have been more adequately regulated by supervisory institutions by enacting regulations that cover their operations. The European supervisory institutions have enacted measures that are related to business operations of Fintech firms, but despite these efforts, regional differences between EU member states are still present.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115440504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-22DOI: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210702.12
Tesfaye Mediksa, D. Bekele, Tesfaye Marsha, H. Abera
A study was carried out at urban and peri-urban areas of Nekemte and Ijaji towns to evaluate the effects of formulated concentrate feeds on feed intake and milk yield of upgraded dairy cows kept by smallholder dairy keepers. Twenty four lactating dairy cows within their 2nd months after calving and with similar status were selected from smallholder dairy keepers under zero grazing system whereby feed intake, BCS and milk yield data were recorded for a period of 90 days. The cows were randomly allocated to four feeding groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) in a completely randomized design (CRD). Cows in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were fed commercial dairy feed, recommended concentrate feed of ATRC, recommended concentrate feed of HARC and recommended concentrate feed of BARC, respectively. Basal diet for all dietary treatments were natural grass hay adlibtum. The average CP (%) and IVDMD % of the natural grass hay and recommended concentrates of BARC were (8.2, 7.95) and (25.88, 10.59), respectively. The daily concentrate DM) and CP intakes were significantly different (p<0.001) among the dietary treatments with highest values being registered for T4 (8.2 and 2.12 kg/d, respectively) and for T1 7.55 and 1.77kg/d respectively while the lowest values being registered for t T2 (6.28 and 1.3 kg/d, respectively) and for T3 (5.83 and 1.12 kg/d, respectively). The daily mean milk yields were higher (P<0.001) for cows in T4 (16.42 liter/day) and in T1 (15.10 liter/day) than those for those in T2 (12.55 liter/day) and in T3 (11.66 liter/day). Milk yield was also affected by location (P<0.001) with the highest milk yield being obtained at Nekemte town (15.15 liter/day) and the lowest at Ijaji town (11.49 liter/day). The largest change noted in variable costs was birr 120.79 per day and the change observed in net income was birr 361.24 per day, resulting in a marginal rate of return of 76.69% for T4. Among the concentrates recommended different research centers and the commercial concentrate, concentrate recommended at BARC and the commercial ones increased milk production and profitability of the dairy enterprise. Therefore, Feeding these concentrate types for upgraded lactating cows under smallholder dairy keepers is profitable both biologically and economically.
在Nekemte和Ijaji镇的城市和城郊地区开展了一项研究，以评估配方精料饲料对小农奶牛场饲养的改良奶牛采食量和产奶量的影响。选取24头产犊后2个月的状况相近的小农奶牛，采用零放牧制，记录采食量、BCS和产奶量数据，为期90 d。采用完全随机设计(CRD)，将奶牛随机分为T1、T2、T3和T4 4个饲喂组。T1、T2、T3和T4期分别饲喂商品奶牛饲料、ATRC推荐浓缩饲料、HARC推荐浓缩饲料和BARC推荐浓缩饲料。所有饲粮处理的基础饲粮均为天然干草添加剂。天然牧草和BARC推荐精料的平均CP(%)和IVDMD %分别为(8.2,7.95)和(25.88,10.59)。饲粮处理的日精料干物质和粗蛋白质采食量差异显著(p<0.001)，其中T4组最高(分别为8.2和2.12 kg/d)， T1组分别为7.55和1.77kg/d, T2组最低(分别为6.28和1.3 kg/d)， T3组最低(分别为5.83和1.12 kg/d)。T4期(16.42 l /d)和T1期(15.10 l /d)奶牛的日平均产奶量显著高于T2期(12.55 l /d)和T3期(11.66 l /d) (P<0.001)。产奶量也受地点影响(P<0.001)， Nekemte镇产奶量最高(15.15 l /d)， Ijaji镇最低(11.49 l /d)。可变成本的最大变化为每天120.79比尔，净收入的最大变化为每天361.24比尔，导致T4的边际收益率为76.69%。在不同研究中心推荐的浓缩物和商业浓缩物中，BARC推荐的浓缩物和商业浓缩物提高了牛奶产量和乳品企业的盈利能力。因此，在小农奶牛场饲养员的管理下，用这些精料饲喂改进型泌乳奶牛在生物学和经济上都是有利可图的。
{"title":"Evaluation of Formulated Concentrate Feeds on Feed Intake and Milk Yield of Lactating Upgraded Dairy Cows at Nekemte and Ijaji Towns","authors":"Tesfaye Mediksa, D. Bekele, Tesfaye Marsha, H. Abera","doi":"10.11648/j.ajasr.20210702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210702.12","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out at urban and peri-urban areas of Nekemte and Ijaji towns to evaluate the effects of formulated concentrate feeds on feed intake and milk yield of upgraded dairy cows kept by smallholder dairy keepers. Twenty four lactating dairy cows within their 2nd months after calving and with similar status were selected from smallholder dairy keepers under zero grazing system whereby feed intake, BCS and milk yield data were recorded for a period of 90 days. The cows were randomly allocated to four feeding groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) in a completely randomized design (CRD). Cows in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were fed commercial dairy feed, recommended concentrate feed of ATRC, recommended concentrate feed of HARC and recommended concentrate feed of BARC, respectively. Basal diet for all dietary treatments were natural grass hay adlibtum. The average CP (%) and IVDMD % of the natural grass hay and recommended concentrates of BARC were (8.2, 7.95) and (25.88, 10.59), respectively. The daily concentrate DM) and CP intakes were significantly different (p<0.001) among the dietary treatments with highest values being registered for T4 (8.2 and 2.12 kg/d, respectively) and for T1 7.55 and 1.77kg/d respectively while the lowest values being registered for t T2 (6.28 and 1.3 kg/d, respectively) and for T3 (5.83 and 1.12 kg/d, respectively). The daily mean milk yields were higher (P<0.001) for cows in T4 (16.42 liter/day) and in T1 (15.10 liter/day) than those for those in T2 (12.55 liter/day) and in T3 (11.66 liter/day). Milk yield was also affected by location (P<0.001) with the highest milk yield being obtained at Nekemte town (15.15 liter/day) and the lowest at Ijaji town (11.49 liter/day). The largest change noted in variable costs was birr 120.79 per day and the change observed in net income was birr 361.24 per day, resulting in a marginal rate of return of 76.69% for T4. Among the concentrates recommended different research centers and the commercial concentrate, concentrate recommended at BARC and the commercial ones increased milk production and profitability of the dairy enterprise. Therefore, Feeding these concentrate types for upgraded lactating cows under smallholder dairy keepers is profitable both biologically and economically.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125261254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.11648/J.AJASR.20210701.12
Merga Workesa, A. Fanta, G. Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka
Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.
{"title":"Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator","authors":"Merga Workesa, A. Fanta, G. Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka","doi":"10.11648/J.AJASR.20210701.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJASR.20210701.12","url":null,"abstract":"Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"1998 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128235025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.11648/J.AJASR.20200604.11
S. Oppenheimer, N. Stepanyan, A. Akram, Osama Alnimri, Gelsey Aranibar, Rachel Assad, Jose Chacon, Coral Chavez, Nolan Dafesh, Roxanne Duong, Fatmanur Ergun, Jessica Escojido, K. Keshishian, Pariya Keykhahomidesfandabadi, Melisa Morales, Mary Nakkashian, Natta Narkmanee, Angelicamae Pomares, Ana Ramirez, N. Simonyan, Awazeh Taherpourtorshizi, Magabrielle Thompson, Vincent Villani, Yi Yang
This paper is for applied research scientists and any scientists who train students to do research. It consists of two parts: (1) an open door hands-on research training program that helped garner a US Presidential Award for Mentoring and election as Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS); (2) a Covid-19 Pandemic virtual research training program that provides readings and You Tubes for the students followed by an opportunity to develop new research ideas. The co-authors of this paper are the students who pioneered the virtual program. In the hands-on program of 263 students who reported their career outcomes to Steve, 52 achieved doctoral degrees and became professors and researchers, 62 became M. D.s or M. D.-Ph. D.s, 33 became dentists, 17 pharmacists, 97 became scientists in research and/or education and 2 became lawyers. Many of the students co-authored lab published papers, abstracts and national poster presentations. The program’s success resulted from an open door policy that invited all interested students to try their hands at research, regardless of their grade point averages, and organizational components that recruited advanced students to help train new students. Universities and other organizations often look favorably on student mentoring in tenure and promotion decisions. Many students can possibly result in more good publications. Readers can determine, by examining the student co-authored papers in the reference section of this paper, if this expanded student-involved program leads to “good publications,” as AAAS and the NSF/White House review committee suggested it did.
{"title":"Applied Science Research for All Part 1 Pre-College Level","authors":"S. Oppenheimer, N. Stepanyan, A. Akram, Osama Alnimri, Gelsey Aranibar, Rachel Assad, Jose Chacon, Coral Chavez, Nolan Dafesh, Roxanne Duong, Fatmanur Ergun, Jessica Escojido, K. Keshishian, Pariya Keykhahomidesfandabadi, Melisa Morales, Mary Nakkashian, Natta Narkmanee, Angelicamae Pomares, Ana Ramirez, N. Simonyan, Awazeh Taherpourtorshizi, Magabrielle Thompson, Vincent Villani, Yi Yang","doi":"10.11648/J.AJASR.20200604.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJASR.20200604.11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is for applied research scientists and any scientists who train students to do research. It consists of two parts: (1) an open door hands-on research training program that helped garner a US Presidential Award for Mentoring and election as Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS); (2) a Covid-19 Pandemic virtual research training program that provides readings and You Tubes for the students followed by an opportunity to develop new research ideas. The co-authors of this paper are the students who pioneered the virtual program. In the hands-on program of 263 students who reported their career outcomes to Steve, 52 achieved doctoral degrees and became professors and researchers, 62 became M. D.s or M. D.-Ph. D.s, 33 became dentists, 17 pharmacists, 97 became scientists in research and/or education and 2 became lawyers. Many of the students co-authored lab published papers, abstracts and national poster presentations. The program’s success resulted from an open door policy that invited all interested students to try their hands at research, regardless of their grade point averages, and organizational components that recruited advanced students to help train new students. Universities and other organizations often look favorably on student mentoring in tenure and promotion decisions. Many students can possibly result in more good publications. Readers can determine, by examining the student co-authored papers in the reference section of this paper, if this expanded student-involved program leads to “good publications,” as AAAS and the NSF/White House review committee suggested it did.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125324658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-26DOI: 10.11648/J.AJASR.20190504.11
Nworu Jerome Sunday, O. Wilberforce, Enemose Edith Ajirioghene
The Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the organs of a commonly consumed Tilapia zilli from Escravos River in Delta State, Nigeria were evaluated to ascertain the level of their bioaccumulation and the possible human health risks associated with their consumption. Samples were analysed with a Gas Chromatographic Flame Ionization Detector system and results were subjected to a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to test for the significant level of the parameters across the groups. The level of significance was above 95% and the results were presented as mean ± standard error. The values of PAHs reported followed different trends. The muscle had the highest average concentration (313.43±1.64 mg/kg) followed by kidney (266.72±0.36 mg/kg) and the liver (266.17±0.81 mg/kg) while the gills had the lowest average concentration (192.96±1.09 mg/kg). The average concentrations of PAH reported in this research are highly above the EU recommended benchmark (2 µg/kg). The reported ailments from the communities cut across Escravos river could be traced to long term exposure of humans to these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sea foods which are transferred into their food chain because of their high level of dependency for protein source.
{"title":"Estimation of Dietary Intake Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Carcinogens from Tilapia zilli Commercially Available from Escravos River, Nigeria","authors":"Nworu Jerome Sunday, O. Wilberforce, Enemose Edith Ajirioghene","doi":"10.11648/J.AJASR.20190504.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJASR.20190504.11","url":null,"abstract":"The Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the organs of a commonly consumed Tilapia zilli from Escravos River in Delta State, Nigeria were evaluated to ascertain the level of their bioaccumulation and the possible human health risks associated with their consumption. Samples were analysed with a Gas Chromatographic Flame Ionization Detector system and results were subjected to a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to test for the significant level of the parameters across the groups. The level of significance was above 95% and the results were presented as mean ± standard error. The values of PAHs reported followed different trends. The muscle had the highest average concentration (313.43±1.64 mg/kg) followed by kidney (266.72±0.36 mg/kg) and the liver (266.17±0.81 mg/kg) while the gills had the lowest average concentration (192.96±1.09 mg/kg). The average concentrations of PAH reported in this research are highly above the EU recommended benchmark (2 µg/kg). The reported ailments from the communities cut across Escravos river could be traced to long term exposure of humans to these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sea foods which are transferred into their food chain because of their high level of dependency for protein source.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116602867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20190503.12
Md. Ziaul Ahsan, Md. Aminul Islam
This paper reports on the effect of Mn substitution in cobalt ferrite to explore the probable correlation among the structural, magnetic, and magneto-mechanical properties by a theoretical approach. Three compositions of Mn doped Cobalt ferrites at different Mn concentration (x) = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5 have been undertaken for their analytical study to understand the correlation among the aforesaid properties. In this approach, an empirical equation has been formulated based on idealistic cation distribution in tetrahedral and octahedral sites of cobalt ferrite at room temperature. The hopping lengths and bond lengths have also been estimated using the corresponding Stanley’s equations in idealistic condition. The estimated lattice constant is found to decrease and effective magnetic moment μferri to increase with the Mn content, substituted for Co in the octahedral site due to increased A-B interactions. This increasing effect of Mn content in cobalt ferrite may be significant to the tunability of the Curie temperature, TC and may have an influence on superparamagnetism (SPM). On the other hand, the compositions where Mn substituted for Fe may increase the porosity due to their increased bond lengths with Mn content and thus may optimize them for applications in the environmental (gas) sensors. However, the analysis of the predicted effects of Mn and correlation thereon is completely based on the theoretical approach and thereby need experimental verification to confirm and supplement them.
{"title":"A Theoretical Approach: Effects of Mn Substitution in Cobalt Ferrite","authors":"Md. Ziaul Ahsan, Md. Aminul Islam","doi":"10.11648/j.ajasr.20190503.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20190503.12","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the effect of Mn substitution in cobalt ferrite to explore the probable correlation among the structural, magnetic, and magneto-mechanical properties by a theoretical approach. Three compositions of Mn doped Cobalt ferrites at different Mn concentration (x) = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5 have been undertaken for their analytical study to understand the correlation among the aforesaid properties. In this approach, an empirical equation has been formulated based on idealistic cation distribution in tetrahedral and octahedral sites of cobalt ferrite at room temperature. The hopping lengths and bond lengths have also been estimated using the corresponding Stanley’s equations in idealistic condition. The estimated lattice constant is found to decrease and effective magnetic moment μferri to increase with the Mn content, substituted for Co in the octahedral site due to increased A-B interactions. This increasing effect of Mn content in cobalt ferrite may be significant to the tunability of the Curie temperature, TC and may have an influence on superparamagnetism (SPM). On the other hand, the compositions where Mn substituted for Fe may increase the porosity due to their increased bond lengths with Mn content and thus may optimize them for applications in the environmental (gas) sensors. However, the analysis of the predicted effects of Mn and correlation thereon is completely based on the theoretical approach and thereby need experimental verification to confirm and supplement them.","PeriodicalId":414962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Applied Scientific Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124217985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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