Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826286
G. Gao, M. Steinhauser, R. Kavanaugh, W. Chen
A novel technique incorporating fiber optic strain gages has been successfully used to measure the mechanical stresses on large motor stator winding end turns at different operating conditions. The testing was conducted both on high voltage, large horsepower and medium voltage, medium horsepower motors with form wound coils. The goals for this project were to: (1) accurately measure the mechanical stress on the winding end turns and to determine the reliability of bracing system designs with consideration for reduced insulation allowances, and (2) compare the test data with theoretical calculated values obtained from FEA models. In this paper, the new test method is described and certain test results are discussed.
{"title":"Using fiber-optic sensors to measure strain in motor stator end windings during operation","authors":"G. Gao, M. Steinhauser, R. Kavanaugh, W. Chen","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826286","url":null,"abstract":"A novel technique incorporating fiber optic strain gages has been successfully used to measure the mechanical stresses on large motor stator winding end turns at different operating conditions. The testing was conducted both on high voltage, large horsepower and medium voltage, medium horsepower motors with form wound coils. The goals for this project were to: (1) accurately measure the mechanical stress on the winding end turns and to determine the reliability of bracing system designs with consideration for reduced insulation allowances, and (2) compare the test data with theoretical calculated values obtained from FEA models. In this paper, the new test method is described and certain test results are discussed.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127806150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826234
M. Gunasekaran
This paper deals with polymer concrete, a highly-filled, low-cost composite material developed in the USA to be a versatile alternative to porcelain insulation, for a wide variety of applications. Specifically, the development of polymer concrete third rail insulators for use in the UK environment is discussed. The advantages of polymer concrete over existing systems are outlined and the feasibility of developing more integral and efficient third rail insulators, minimizing system assembly, and thereby cost, is examined. The acceptability and potential of polymer concrete insulation systems for rail transport applications world-wide are briefly touched upon.
{"title":"Development of polymer concrete third rail insulators for use in the UK","authors":"M. Gunasekaran","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826234","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with polymer concrete, a highly-filled, low-cost composite material developed in the USA to be a versatile alternative to porcelain insulation, for a wide variety of applications. Specifically, the development of polymer concrete third rail insulators for use in the UK environment is discussed. The advantages of polymer concrete over existing systems are outlined and the feasibility of developing more integral and efficient third rail insulators, minimizing system assembly, and thereby cost, is examined. The acceptability and potential of polymer concrete insulation systems for rail transport applications world-wide are briefly touched upon.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115480140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826252
C. Skinner
Winding tests are used during manufacture to assure the quality of the products. This paper describes the standard tests and improvements to these tests to assure quality coils.
在生产过程中采用卷绕试验，以保证产品质量。本文介绍了为保证线圈质量而进行的标准试验和改进措施。
{"title":"Testing for the new millennium","authors":"C. Skinner","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826252","url":null,"abstract":"Winding tests are used during manufacture to assure the quality of the products. This paper describes the standard tests and improvements to these tests to assure quality coils.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116230933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826253
M.T. Phenis
The following report compares the physical and mechanical properties of the new Thermoset ES-100 flexible epoxy material with two of the top flexible epoxy materials currently available on the market today. One of these materials is from a domestic US manufacturer and the other is from an overseas manufacturer. This report focuses on the thermal aging characteristics of these epoxy materials along with their chemical resistance and resistance to moisture.
{"title":"Flexible epoxy for low stress electronic component encapsulation","authors":"M.T. Phenis","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826253","url":null,"abstract":"The following report compares the physical and mechanical properties of the new Thermoset ES-100 flexible epoxy material with two of the top flexible epoxy materials currently available on the market today. One of these materials is from a domestic US manufacturer and the other is from an overseas manufacturer. This report focuses on the thermal aging characteristics of these epoxy materials along with their chemical resistance and resistance to moisture.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114220743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826172
G. Hegemann
The paper describes a new system of unsaturated polyester resins without comonomers. These monomer-free unsaturated polyesters can be used for the impregnation of electrical windings by all techniques used with standard unsaturated polyesters. As they do not contain volatile comonomers the emissions during application and curing are very low. Nevertheless the impregnating processes have to be adapted to the physical properties of the uncured resins. In the first part of the paper some general remarks are made concerning impregnation techniques and unsaturated polyesters in general and monomer free unsaturated polyesters in special. In the second part the processes for the impregnation and the results are described in detail.
{"title":"Comoner-free unsaturated polyester impregnating resin with low emissions during processing","authors":"G. Hegemann","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826172","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a new system of unsaturated polyester resins without comonomers. These monomer-free unsaturated polyesters can be used for the impregnation of electrical windings by all techniques used with standard unsaturated polyesters. As they do not contain volatile comonomers the emissions during application and curing are very low. Nevertheless the impregnating processes have to be adapted to the physical properties of the uncured resins. In the first part of the paper some general remarks are made concerning impregnation techniques and unsaturated polyesters in general and monomer free unsaturated polyesters in special. In the second part the processes for the impregnation and the results are described in detail.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127132387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826290
D. Chu, A. Lux
The IEEE Transformer On-Line Monitoring Task Force is developing a guide for the on-line monitoring of power transformers, its components, and accessories. Publication of the guide is expected in mid 2000. This paper gives an overview of the key parameters that can be monitored on-line (dissolved gas-in-oil analysis, moisture-in-oil, partial discharge, oil temperature, winding temperature, load current and voltage, insulation power factor and pump/fan operation). The techniques to monitor instrument transformers are then discussed (tan /spl delta/ and relative capacitance measurements, gas analysis, PD measurement, and pressure measurement). The paper also discusses measurements of bushings and load tap changers.
{"title":"On-line monitoring of power transformers and components: a review of key parameters","authors":"D. Chu, A. Lux","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826290","url":null,"abstract":"The IEEE Transformer On-Line Monitoring Task Force is developing a guide for the on-line monitoring of power transformers, its components, and accessories. Publication of the guide is expected in mid 2000. This paper gives an overview of the key parameters that can be monitored on-line (dissolved gas-in-oil analysis, moisture-in-oil, partial discharge, oil temperature, winding temperature, load current and voltage, insulation power factor and pump/fan operation). The techniques to monitor instrument transformers are then discussed (tan /spl delta/ and relative capacitance measurements, gas analysis, PD measurement, and pressure measurement). The paper also discusses measurements of bushings and load tap changers.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127280346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826274
A. Alavizadeh, A. Zargari, W. Grisé
The purpose of this project is to show how ANSYS software is used to analyze some electrical problems using the coupled-field method. It should be mentioned that this software can be also used in other fields in science and technology (like mechanics, construction and so on) but here the authors just talk about its usage in the electrical engineering field.
{"title":"The application of ANSYS software in analyzing and predicting thermal behavior","authors":"A. Alavizadeh, A. Zargari, W. Grisé","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826274","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this project is to show how ANSYS software is used to analyze some electrical problems using the coupled-field method. It should be mentioned that this software can be also used in other fields in science and technology (like mechanics, construction and so on) but here the authors just talk about its usage in the electrical engineering field.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123222038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826186
W. Dunbar, D. Schweickart, J. Horwath
Capacitors with a cylindrical feedthrough geometry are often used to protect sensitive electronic equipment from extraneous power line transients and conducted electromagnetic interference. It is important that such capacitors have high reliability, long life and stable electrical parameters when subjected to moderate temperature changes. In an effort to determine the reasons behind recurring failures in power frequency rated capacitors, a series of tests was conducted on 300 volt AC rated capacitors at elevated temperatures. Many of the individual units were dissected to determine aging related failure mechanisms. At the beginning of the study it was assumed that most of the capacitors would show failures at the foil edges where maximum field stress is known to exist. The findings indicated that a few failures occurred at the edges as anticipated. The majority of failures occurred in the central portion of the dielectric. There was evidence of gas evolution in the dielectric system at elevated temperatures, as indicated by low partial discharge initiation voltage. In addition, practically all the failures occurred either at the start of the coil winding or at the foil end making up the final turns of the dielectric. The assumptions for dielectric failures in the central regions are given. Furthermore, a few nonfailed capacitors were unwound to determine the existence of prefailure mechanisms. Indications of similar incipient failure mechanisms in these nonfailed capacitors are discussed.
{"title":"AC capacitor failure mechanisms","authors":"W. Dunbar, D. Schweickart, J. Horwath","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826186","url":null,"abstract":"Capacitors with a cylindrical feedthrough geometry are often used to protect sensitive electronic equipment from extraneous power line transients and conducted electromagnetic interference. It is important that such capacitors have high reliability, long life and stable electrical parameters when subjected to moderate temperature changes. In an effort to determine the reasons behind recurring failures in power frequency rated capacitors, a series of tests was conducted on 300 volt AC rated capacitors at elevated temperatures. Many of the individual units were dissected to determine aging related failure mechanisms. At the beginning of the study it was assumed that most of the capacitors would show failures at the foil edges where maximum field stress is known to exist. The findings indicated that a few failures occurred at the edges as anticipated. The majority of failures occurred in the central portion of the dielectric. There was evidence of gas evolution in the dielectric system at elevated temperatures, as indicated by low partial discharge initiation voltage. In addition, practically all the failures occurred either at the start of the coil winding or at the foil end making up the final turns of the dielectric. The assumptions for dielectric failures in the central regions are given. Furthermore, a few nonfailed capacitors were unwound to determine the existence of prefailure mechanisms. Indications of similar incipient failure mechanisms in these nonfailed capacitors are discussed.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128320297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826189
A. Kozlovskis
A demand for a reliable diagnostic method is growing by the increase of the age of equipment. The return voltage characteristics such as the maximum of return voltage, the initial slope of return voltage and the time to peak value dependencies on charging time are discussed in this paper. The analysis of these characteristics increases the information of the insulation properties of equipment. The increase of conductivity and decrease of polarization resistance are closely related with the ageing processes of insulation. The changes of these dielectric phenomena can be seen by the analysis of return voltage characteristics. The theoretical study of the polarization index particularly used for the assessment of insulation systems is given in paper.
{"title":"Dependence of return voltage characteristics on change of insulation conductivity and polarization resistance","authors":"A. Kozlovskis","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826189","url":null,"abstract":"A demand for a reliable diagnostic method is growing by the increase of the age of equipment. The return voltage characteristics such as the maximum of return voltage, the initial slope of return voltage and the time to peak value dependencies on charging time are discussed in this paper. The analysis of these characteristics increases the information of the insulation properties of equipment. The increase of conductivity and decrease of polarization resistance are closely related with the ageing processes of insulation. The changes of these dielectric phenomena can be seen by the analysis of return voltage characteristics. The theoretical study of the polarization index particularly used for the assessment of insulation systems is given in paper.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130426232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-10-26DOI: 10.1109/EEIC.1999.826283
T. Lebey
Different solutions have recently been proposed to address the problem of premature failure of rotating machines fed by inverters. Among them, the "shielding" of the enamel wires by an inorganic coating appears particularly interesting. Its main goal is to offer an increased resistance to partial discharge (PD) actions. The underlying idea of the proposed reinforcements does not consist therefore in increasing the PD inception voltage but in enhancing enamel resistance to PD activity. Despite their interest, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the behavior of such materials during aging. In this paper, the authors present the first result of the influence of different voltage waveform characteristics and external conditions on the discharge inception voltage and PD patterns of different materials. Samples are twisted pairs of enamel wires with or without reinforcement of different size coming from different manufacturers. These characteristics are determined prior and after aging. For the conditions under study, some conclusions may be drawn and are discussed according to lifetime measurements performed on the same kind of samples. The need for a normalized test, taking into account the specificity of the applied stresses, is demonstrated.
{"title":"Influence of some voltage waveform characteristics on the partial discharge patterns: application to a PWM power supply","authors":"T. Lebey","doi":"10.1109/EEIC.1999.826283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EEIC.1999.826283","url":null,"abstract":"Different solutions have recently been proposed to address the problem of premature failure of rotating machines fed by inverters. Among them, the \"shielding\" of the enamel wires by an inorganic coating appears particularly interesting. Its main goal is to offer an increased resistance to partial discharge (PD) actions. The underlying idea of the proposed reinforcements does not consist therefore in increasing the PD inception voltage but in enhancing enamel resistance to PD activity. Despite their interest, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the behavior of such materials during aging. In this paper, the authors present the first result of the influence of different voltage waveform characteristics and external conditions on the discharge inception voltage and PD patterns of different materials. Samples are twisted pairs of enamel wires with or without reinforcement of different size coming from different manufacturers. These characteristics are determined prior and after aging. For the conditions under study, some conclusions may be drawn and are discussed according to lifetime measurements performed on the same kind of samples. The need for a normalized test, taking into account the specificity of the applied stresses, is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":415071,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings: Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.99CH37035)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129988584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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