Sofia Nannini, Don Choi, Cosmin Ungureanu, S. Redford, Miriam Volmert
Nannini, S. A review of Antoine Picon, The Materiality of Architecture. Minneapolis and London: Minnesota University Press, 2020. Choi, D. A review of Neil Jackson, Japan and the West: An Architectural Dialogue. London: Lund Humphries, 2019. Ungureanu, C. A review of Natsumi Nonaka, Renaissance Porticoes and Painted Pergolas: Nature and Culture in Early Modern Italy. London & New York: Routledge, 2019 (2017). Redford, S. A review of D. Fairchild Ruggles Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar al-Durr. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. Volmert, M. A review of Susan Stewart, The Ruins Lesson: Meaning and Material in Western Culture. The University of Chicago Press: Chicago and London, 2020.
Nannini，S.对Antoine Picon《建筑的物质性》的评论。明尼阿波利斯和伦敦：明尼苏达大学出版社，2020年。Choi，D.Neil Jackson，《日本与西方：建筑对话》综述。伦敦：Lund Humphries，2019。Ungureanu，C.野中夏美，文艺复兴时期的门廊和彩绘凉亭：现代意大利早期的自然与文化。伦敦和纽约：劳特利奇，2019（2017）。Redford，S.D.Fairchild Ruggles Pearls Tree of Pearls:13世纪埃及奴隶王后Shajar al-Durr的非凡建筑赞助评论。纽约：牛津大学出版社，2020年。沃尔默特，M。苏珊·斯图尔特评论，《废墟的教训：西方文化中的意义和物质》。芝加哥大学出版社：芝加哥和伦敦，2020年。
{"title":"Reviews Summer 2021","authors":"Sofia Nannini, Don Choi, Cosmin Ungureanu, S. Redford, Miriam Volmert","doi":"10.5334/AH.628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/AH.628","url":null,"abstract":"Nannini, S. A review of Antoine Picon, The Materiality of Architecture. Minneapolis and London: Minnesota University Press, 2020. Choi, D. A review of Neil Jackson, Japan and the West: An Architectural Dialogue. London: Lund Humphries, 2019. Ungureanu, C. A review of Natsumi Nonaka, Renaissance Porticoes and Painted Pergolas: Nature and Culture in Early Modern Italy. London & New York: Routledge, 2019 (2017). Redford, S. A review of D. Fairchild Ruggles Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar al-Durr. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. Volmert, M. A review of Susan Stewart, The Ruins Lesson: Meaning and Material in Western Culture. The University of Chicago Press: Chicago and London, 2020.","PeriodicalId":41517,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Histories","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44214099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The philosopher Martin Heidegger and the architect Le Corbusier — two towering 20th-century public figures — each built for themselves small, sturdily crafted timber cabins well away from the cities of their busy everyday lives, to which they would repair annually to work in solitude and draw sustenance from their landscapes and locally archaic cultures. This article presents a close tandem reading of the architecture and inhabitation of Heidegger’s staunchly traditional Hutte on the upper slope of a deep-green Schwarzwald valley and Le Corbusier’s modern-ascetic Cabanon overlooking the beckoning azure waters of the Cote d’Azur. It draws on archival drawings and photographs, published and private statements, writings by others, and direct personal observations made in situ. These two unassuming yet inordinately significant dwellings seek to counter the overwhelming modern condition of ‘technicity’ by descending to the chthonic claims of the natural conditions, in alliance with Heidegger’s post-war essays co-locating building and dwelling, and Le Corbusier’s Le poeme de l’angle droit that indexes a descent down to the question of dwelling, essentially.
哲学家马丁·海德格尔(Martin Heidegger)和建筑师勒·柯布西耶(Le Corbusier)——两位20世纪的杰出公众人物——各自为自己建造了小巧而坚固的木屋，远离他们繁忙的日常生活，他们每年都会去那里独自工作，从当地的风景和古老的文化中汲取营养。这篇文章呈现了海德格尔在深绿色的施瓦茨瓦尔德山谷上斜坡上的坚定传统的Hutte和勒·柯布西耶的现代禁欲小屋的建筑和居住的紧密联系阅读，俯瞰蔚蓝海岸迷人的蔚蓝水域。它借鉴了档案图纸和照片、公开的和私人的声明、他人的著作以及现场的直接个人观察。这两座低调但意义非凡的住宅试图通过下降到自然条件的民族主义要求来对抗压倒性的“技术”现代条件，与海德格尔战后的文章共同定位建筑和住宅，以及勒柯布西耶的Le poeme de l ' angle droit相结合，本质上是指下降到居住问题。
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Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.3390/histories1030017
Susanna Menis
This paper is about the shaping of the law understood as a positivist enterprise. Positivist law has been the object of contentious debate. Since the 1960s, and with the surfacing of revisionist histories, it has been suggested that the abstraction of the doctrine of criminal law is due to its categorisation in early histories. However, it is argued here that positivism was hardly an intentional master plan of autocratic social control. Rather, it is important to recognise that historians do not provide a value-free recount of history. This paper examines this assertion by drawing on the writings of the English jurists William Blackstone and his work Commentaries on the Law of England (1765), and James Fitzjames Stephen’s A History of the Criminal Law of England (1883). Taking these scholars not as mere a-historical writers but reflecting on the fact that they inevitably ‘functioned’ as conduits of their own social practise opens an inquiry into the social response to a social need, which was already under way long before their time.
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Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.3390/histories1030018
Ina Merdjanova
This paper looks at the Kurdish women’s struggles for gender justice at the intersection of two diverse social movements in Turkey: the Kurdish national movement, on the one hand, and the Turkish feminist movement, on the other. It argues that the Kurdish Women’s Movement (KWM) has functioned as a powerful process of learning for both men and women in the Kurdish community and in the larger society. It has destabilized and transformed the feudal–patriarchal relations and norms in the Kurdish community, the lingering sexism in the Kurdish movement, and the majoritarian constraints in the Turkish feminist movement.
{"title":"The Kurdish Women’s Movement in Turkey and Its Struggle for Gender Justice","authors":"Ina Merdjanova","doi":"10.3390/histories1030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/histories1030018","url":null,"abstract":"This paper looks at the Kurdish women’s struggles for gender justice at the intersection of two diverse social movements in Turkey: the Kurdish national movement, on the one hand, and the Turkish feminist movement, on the other. It argues that the Kurdish Women’s Movement (KWM) has functioned as a powerful process of learning for both men and women in the Kurdish community and in the larger society. It has destabilized and transformed the feudal–patriarchal relations and norms in the Kurdish community, the lingering sexism in the Kurdish movement, and the majoritarian constraints in the Turkish feminist movement.","PeriodicalId":41517,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Histories","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89229416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-11DOI: 10.3390/histories1030016
L. De Caro, Fernando La Greca, E. Matricciani
We have re-examined and discussed all chronological, historical and astronomical elements which can be referred to the year of Herod the Great’s death, which occurred—according to Josephus—after a lunar eclipse and before Passover. Since the XIX century, most scholars still assume the eclipse occurred on 13 March 4 BC, so that Dionysius Exiguus was wrong in calculating the beginning of the Christian era—by four years at least—because Herod the Great must have been alive when Jesus was born. We have solved the apparent incompatibility of the events narrated by Josephus, occurring between the eclipse of 13 March 4BC and a too-near Passover (12 April 4 BC), by determining another date after studying all eclipses visible from Jerusalem in near years. This analysis—supported by a novel simulation of naked–eye visibility of partial lunar eclipses—has shown that the most eligible eclipse associable to Herod’s death occurred in the night of 8–9 November 2 AD. Besides this astronomical finding, our conclusion is also supported by significant correlation between segmented sleep and eclipse intervals; by its compatibility with the long sequence of events narrated by Josephus and with the rabbinic tradition about Herod’s death. This dating also agrees with other historical facts connected to Roman and Jewish history. In conclusion, Herod the Great must have died in the first month of 3 AD and, very likely, Dionysius Exiguus was correct.
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Pub Date : 2021-08-10DOI: 10.3390/histories1030015
Ute Hasenöhrl
Much has happened since Dipesh Chakrabarty, at the turn of the millennium, paradigmatically called for a “provincialization of Europe”. The paper connects with three major trends in current history of technology, exploring these threads with regards to the Global South in general and post/colonial Africa in particular: (1) exemplifying and (later) disentangling transnational connections; (2) rethinking (colonial) infrastructures; and (3) exploring technologies-in-use, everyday practices and perceptions. Unpacking established Science and Technology concepts such as Thomas P. Hughes “Large (Socio)Technical Systems” (LTS) approach for post/colonial contexts, the paper argues that we need to move beyond the much-invoked “key figures” and drivers of global technological (ex)change and scrutinize place- and time-specific landscapes of technology instead. In particular, we need to pay closer attention to seemingly peripheral actors and actants as well as to the manifold interrelations between the human and the “natural” world.
自从Dipesh Chakrabarty在世纪之交呼吁“欧洲地方化”以来，发生了很多事情。本文与当前技术史上的三个主要趋势联系在一起，探讨了这些线索与全球南方和后/殖民时期的非洲有关:(1)举例说明并(后来)解开跨国联系;(2)反思(殖民)基础设施;(3)探索正在使用的技术、日常实践和认知。本文对诸如托马斯·p·休斯(Thomas P. Hughes)针对后/殖民背景的“大型(社会)技术系统”(LTS)方法等已确立的科学和技术概念进行了拆解，认为我们需要超越经常被引用的全球技术(ex)变化的“关键人物”和驱动因素，而是仔细研究特定地点和特定时间的技术景观。特别是，我们需要更加关注看似外围的行动者和被行动者，以及人与“自然”世界之间的多种相互关系。
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This article investigates the complex ties between planning, socio-political conflicts, and emerging Cold War geopolitics during the post-war reconstruction period in Greece, by focusing on the years between 1944 and 1947. In these crucial transitional years, transnational flows of expertise, interwar legacies, and political, scientific, and ideological contestations gave rise to novel planning ideas and antagonistic visions for the country’s reconstruction and its future development path. The article sheds light on how the architect-planner Constantinos Doxiadis formulated Ekistics as a spatial vision, a mode of central planning, and a technical guide, examining how Ekistics affected the shaping of reconstruction policies, particularly in the countryside. This analysis further exposes the way the Greek countryside became the locus of competing visions of spatial development, as well as contradictory state responses: from long-term housing policies and self-help practices all the way to ideological repression and population resettlement strategies, British interventionism, and Civil War conflicts (1946–49) that paved the ground to Greece’s subsequent US-led recovery programs under the Truman Doctrine (1947) and the Marshal Plan (1948–1952). By focusing on the paradigmatic case of Greece, this article advances an understanding of European reconstruction as an uneven, contested, and transitional process and highlights the implications of architecture and planning discourses and practices amid ideological, territorial, and geopolitical contestations.
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Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.3390/HISTORIES1030014
S. Murayama, H. Nakamura
Jan de Vries revised Akira Hayami’s original theory of the “Industrious Revolution” to make the idea more applicable to early modern commercialization in Europe, showcasing the development of the rural proletariat and especially the consumer revolution and women’s emancipation on the way toward an “Industrial Revolution.” However, Japanese villages followed a different path from the Western trajectory of the “Industrious Revolution,” which is recognized as the first step to industrialization. This article will explore how a different form of “industriousness” developed in Japan, covering medieval, early modern, and modern times. It will first describe why the communal village system was established in Japan and how this unique institution, the self-reliance system of a village, affected commercialization and industrialization and was sustained until modern times. Then, the local history of Kuta Village in Kyô-Otagi, a former county located close to Kyoto, is considered over the long term, from medieval through modern times. Kuta was not directly affected by the siting of new industrial production bases and the changes brought to villages located nearer to Kyoto. A variety of diligent interactions with living spaces is introduced to demonstrate that the industriousness of local women was characterized by conscience-driven perseverance.
Jan de Vries修改了早见明最初的“工业革命”理论，使其更适用于欧洲早期的现代商业化，展示了农村无产阶级特别是消费革命和妇女解放在通往“工业革命”的道路上的发展。然而，日本的乡村走上了一条与西方的“工业革命”不同的道路，这被认为是工业化的第一步。本文将探讨一种不同形式的“勤劳”是如何在日本发展起来的，涵盖了中世纪、近代早期和近代。它将首先描述为什么公社村制度在日本建立，以及这个独特的制度，一个村庄的自力更生制度，如何影响商业化和工业化，并持续到现代。然后，从中世纪到近代，对京都附近的原郡Kyô-Otagi库塔村的地方史进行了长期的考察。新工业生产基地的选址以及京都附近村庄的变化并未直接影响库塔。通过与生活空间的各种勤奋互动，展示了当地女性的勤劳以良心驱动的毅力为特征。
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Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.3390/HISTORIES1030013
Lila M. Caimari
This article summarizes observations on the “archive question” as it manifests itself in Argentina at the present moment. Based on a presentation delivered in Buenos Aires, it opens with a general appraisal of the multiple dynamics (political, disciplinary, technological) converging on this issue. Then, it focuses on a particular dimension of this process—namely, the impact of the digital archive on the reconstruction of the Argentine past.
{"title":"The Archive’s Moment","authors":"Lila M. Caimari","doi":"10.3390/HISTORIES1030013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/HISTORIES1030013","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes observations on the “archive question” as it manifests itself in Argentina at the present moment. Based on a presentation delivered in Buenos Aires, it opens with a general appraisal of the multiple dynamics (political, disciplinary, technological) converging on this issue. Then, it focuses on a particular dimension of this process—namely, the impact of the digital archive on the reconstruction of the Argentine past.","PeriodicalId":41517,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Histories","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83851238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nele De Raedt, Frances Sands, E. Campbell, Vanessa Vanden Berghe
De Raedt, N. A Review of Fabrizio Nevola, Street Life in Renaissance Italy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2020. Sands, F. A Review of Matthew M. Reeve, Gothic Architecture and Sexuality in the Circle of Horace Walpole. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2020. Campbell, E. A Review of Carla D’Arista, The Pucci of Florence: Patronage and Politics in Renaissance Italy. Turnhout: Harvey Miller Publishers, 2020. Vanden Berghe, V. A Review of Louise Campbell, Studio Lives: Architect, Art and Artist in 20th-Century Britain. London: Lund Humphries, 2019.
De Raedt，N.Fabrizio Nevola评论，文艺复兴时期意大利的街头生活。纽黑文和伦敦：耶鲁大学出版社，2020年。Sands，F.评论Matthew M.Reeve，Horace Walpole圈子里的哥特式建筑和性。宾夕法尼亚州大学公园：宾夕法尼亚州立大学出版社，2020年。Campbell，E.卡拉·阿里斯塔评论，《佛罗伦萨的普奇：文艺复兴时期意大利的赞助人与政治》。Turnhout:Harvey Miller出版社，2020年。Vanden Berghe，V.Louise Campbell评论，《工作室生活：20世纪英国的建筑师、艺术和艺术家》。伦敦：Lund Humphries，2019。
{"title":"Reviews Spring 2021","authors":"Nele De Raedt, Frances Sands, E. Campbell, Vanessa Vanden Berghe","doi":"10.5334/ah.606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/ah.606","url":null,"abstract":"De Raedt, N. A Review of Fabrizio Nevola, Street Life in Renaissance Italy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2020. Sands, F. A Review of Matthew M. Reeve, Gothic Architecture and Sexuality in the Circle of Horace Walpole. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2020. Campbell, E. A Review of Carla D’Arista, The Pucci of Florence: Patronage and Politics in Renaissance Italy. Turnhout: Harvey Miller Publishers, 2020. Vanden Berghe, V. A Review of Louise Campbell, Studio Lives: Architect, Art and Artist in 20th-Century Britain. London: Lund Humphries, 2019.","PeriodicalId":41517,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Histories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45415152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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