Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00101
Nilesh Sharma, P. Vyavahare, Anjana Jain
Next-generation communication systems achieve higher bit rate by employing spectral efficient techniques and use near Shannon limit channel codes for reducing the bit error rate. The performance of such Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes such as Turbo codes, largely depend on the design of the interleaver. In this paper, different interleaving techniques, their classification, and performance measure matrix are presented. The design of three-dimension interleaver proposed and its pseudo-code is described by considering an example of 375 bit interleaver. Finally, the proposed interleaver is compared with the existing two-dimensional interleaver. It is found that the proposed algorithm achieves a higher spreading factor as compared to the existing one. Thus, it is concluded that increased dimensionality in interleaver improves achievable spreading factor and thereby improved performance of FEC codes.
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Interleaver for Improving Forward Error Correction in Next-Generation Wireless Networks","authors":"Nilesh Sharma, P. Vyavahare, Anjana Jain","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00101","url":null,"abstract":"Next-generation communication systems achieve higher bit rate by employing spectral efficient techniques and use near Shannon limit channel codes for reducing the bit error rate. The performance of such Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes such as Turbo codes, largely depend on the design of the interleaver. In this paper, different interleaving techniques, their classification, and performance measure matrix are presented. The design of three-dimension interleaver proposed and its pseudo-code is described by considering an example of 375 bit interleaver. Finally, the proposed interleaver is compared with the existing two-dimensional interleaver. It is found that the proposed algorithm achieves a higher spreading factor as compared to the existing one. Thus, it is concluded that increased dimensionality in interleaver improves achievable spreading factor and thereby improved performance of FEC codes.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116664194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00083
Bhaskar Kapoor, Bharti Nagpal
Acquisition of electroencephalographic (EEG) from the brain using Non-invasive methods for the analyzing these signals includes visual inspection of the epoch of signals, feature extraction from these continuous recordings, and generation of some early prediction or classification. This paper studied Acquisition, Analysis of EEG Signals which can used for classification in normal and abnormal category for making a robust model used in Healthcare. The primary goal of this paper is to study various analysis and evaluation of the performance of the state of the art techniques and methods. Next goal is to try for modelling and some improvement in result of various methods which were used in our study. Biosignals were collected from Biosense BCI Bluetooth Device (single channel) and prerecorded dataset from Temple Hospital University for preprocessing and analysis. Initial part of paper carried out some improvement in the feature selection using EEGLab which is useful for the classification by machine learning technique and other part explained the preprocessing of EEG data with comparative analysis of various artifact correction and rejection algorithms. Overall results achieved by this paper shows that high accuracies can be gained with the help of long delays and using alternation in few output which limits EEG recorded information extraction from the EEG sensor used in the device and depends on its usability.
{"title":"EEG Signals Acquisition, Analysis and Modeling for Classification in Healthcare","authors":"Bhaskar Kapoor, Bharti Nagpal","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00083","url":null,"abstract":"Acquisition of electroencephalographic (EEG) from the brain using Non-invasive methods for the analyzing these signals includes visual inspection of the epoch of signals, feature extraction from these continuous recordings, and generation of some early prediction or classification. This paper studied Acquisition, Analysis of EEG Signals which can used for classification in normal and abnormal category for making a robust model used in Healthcare. The primary goal of this paper is to study various analysis and evaluation of the performance of the state of the art techniques and methods. Next goal is to try for modelling and some improvement in result of various methods which were used in our study. Biosignals were collected from Biosense BCI Bluetooth Device (single channel) and prerecorded dataset from Temple Hospital University for preprocessing and analysis. Initial part of paper carried out some improvement in the feature selection using EEGLab which is useful for the classification by machine learning technique and other part explained the preprocessing of EEG data with comparative analysis of various artifact correction and rejection algorithms. Overall results achieved by this paper shows that high accuracies can be gained with the help of long delays and using alternation in few output which limits EEG recorded information extraction from the EEG sensor used in the device and depends on its usability.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127341217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00102
Chaudhari Monali, A. Bhaskar
Vitality reaping assumes an essential job in expanding the lifetime of the remote sensor organization. Different conventions are enveloped with reaping vitality to build the vitality proficiency of the system. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchical (LEACH) protocol is one of the conventions that has been utilized with the vitality reaping reason. The purpose of this study is to utilize real-time information from solar energy in the LEACH algorithm to improve the framework execution. We considered an alternative way of utilizing real-time solar power from the UV-index data available on the weather forecasting site. The UV-index is converted to solar power by considering the relation between the UV-index and solar power. Solar power is then utilized to power some of the sensor nodes in the network and they get maximum chance to become a cluster head. The performance parameters like network stability, network reliability, and network lifetime are considered and compared with LEACH and solar aware LEACH protocol. There is an improvement in the lifetime, stability, and reliability of UV index-based solar aware LEACH protocol. The work presented shall be extended for larger networks and with incorporation of actual implementation of sun oriented hubs powered by harvesting vitality.
{"title":"Ultraviolet Index-based Solar Aware Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Protocol","authors":"Chaudhari Monali, A. Bhaskar","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00102","url":null,"abstract":"Vitality reaping assumes an essential job in expanding the lifetime of the remote sensor organization. Different conventions are enveloped with reaping vitality to build the vitality proficiency of the system. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchical (LEACH) protocol is one of the conventions that has been utilized with the vitality reaping reason. The purpose of this study is to utilize real-time information from solar energy in the LEACH algorithm to improve the framework execution. We considered an alternative way of utilizing real-time solar power from the UV-index data available on the weather forecasting site. The UV-index is converted to solar power by considering the relation between the UV-index and solar power. Solar power is then utilized to power some of the sensor nodes in the network and they get maximum chance to become a cluster head. The performance parameters like network stability, network reliability, and network lifetime are considered and compared with LEACH and solar aware LEACH protocol. There is an improvement in the lifetime, stability, and reliability of UV index-based solar aware LEACH protocol. The work presented shall be extended for larger networks and with incorporation of actual implementation of sun oriented hubs powered by harvesting vitality.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"353 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125045556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00120
V. Jagannath, Sahil Sanil, Prabhat Kumar, Aman Malhotra, J. Vighneswar, Advay S Pethakar, M. Sangeetha
Bipeds and Quadrupeds take over the majority of leg inspired robots in the robotics industry; from complex path planning to complex algorithm design for purpose-built leg based robots, which are one of the major areas of research. Application- oriented robots and dynamic control of robots play an important role when coming to legged robots. Legged robots are incorporated recently in industrial inspection and surveillance. Due to highly flexible design and adaptive situation handling of various conditions, these robots are powerful in navigating and moving across the desired path. Presented here is a 4 legged dog robot that is designed around the Dynamixel ecosystem. The ecosystem not only gives us the flexibility to control the motors easily and robustly but also helps us to incorporate mathematical modeling and mathematical design of 4 legged robots. These actuators also give the flexibility of torque and speed control thus bringing additional dimensions to the motion planning. The robot dog structure is essentially designed to skate and glide over a flat surface; weight balancing and motion planning not only helps in handling and making the locomotion smoother, but also allows us to stabilize the bot at a much higher tolerance.
{"title":"Locomotion and Path Planning for Roller Skating Dog Robot","authors":"V. Jagannath, Sahil Sanil, Prabhat Kumar, Aman Malhotra, J. Vighneswar, Advay S Pethakar, M. Sangeetha","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00120","url":null,"abstract":"Bipeds and Quadrupeds take over the majority of leg inspired robots in the robotics industry; from complex path planning to complex algorithm design for purpose-built leg based robots, which are one of the major areas of research. Application- oriented robots and dynamic control of robots play an important role when coming to legged robots. Legged robots are incorporated recently in industrial inspection and surveillance. Due to highly flexible design and adaptive situation handling of various conditions, these robots are powerful in navigating and moving across the desired path. Presented here is a 4 legged dog robot that is designed around the Dynamixel ecosystem. The ecosystem not only gives us the flexibility to control the motors easily and robustly but also helps us to incorporate mathematical modeling and mathematical design of 4 legged robots. These actuators also give the flexibility of torque and speed control thus bringing additional dimensions to the motion planning. The robot dog structure is essentially designed to skate and glide over a flat surface; weight balancing and motion planning not only helps in handling and making the locomotion smoother, but also allows us to stabilize the bot at a much higher tolerance.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125997218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00166
Aditi Chaurasia, Suhani Vinod Prajapati, Priya A. Tiru, Shobhan Kumar, Riya Gupta, Arun Chauhan
Frustration, anger and mental fatigue are some of the most prevalent issues faced by scholars these days which are often due to the cut-throat competition and peer pressure among adolescents increasing day by day. The objective of the work was to predict the mental health of scholars by tracking strongly negative words or offensive slangs used very deliberately by them in their tweets. The data to analyze the sentiments exhibited by them has been used from their Twitter timelines. The most common topics they talked about and the common keywords for each of these topics were identified and thereafter using BERT, the word embedding and cosine similarities had been found between these keywords and a bag of words that contained a number of strongly negative emotion words collected manually. In this paper, contextual word embedding has been done on the twitter data of frustrated individuals to analyze their temperament and behavior exhibited by them. Also, we have found if there was any correlation between frequently used negative words and frustrated individuals or not. We then found that there was a correlation and individuals using such words had negative emotions prevalent among them.
{"title":"Predicting Mental Health of Scholars Using Contextual Word Embedding","authors":"Aditi Chaurasia, Suhani Vinod Prajapati, Priya A. Tiru, Shobhan Kumar, Riya Gupta, Arun Chauhan","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00166","url":null,"abstract":"Frustration, anger and mental fatigue are some of the most prevalent issues faced by scholars these days which are often due to the cut-throat competition and peer pressure among adolescents increasing day by day. The objective of the work was to predict the mental health of scholars by tracking strongly negative words or offensive slangs used very deliberately by them in their tweets. The data to analyze the sentiments exhibited by them has been used from their Twitter timelines. The most common topics they talked about and the common keywords for each of these topics were identified and thereafter using BERT, the word embedding and cosine similarities had been found between these keywords and a bag of words that contained a number of strongly negative emotion words collected manually. In this paper, contextual word embedding has been done on the twitter data of frustrated individuals to analyze their temperament and behavior exhibited by them. Also, we have found if there was any correlation between frequently used negative words and frustrated individuals or not. We then found that there was a correlation and individuals using such words had negative emotions prevalent among them.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126038628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00062
A. Alharbi, M. Yamin, G. Halikias
Every day, many road accidents take place in different parts of the world. Thousands of people die in these accidents, and many more are injured, leaving some of them with crippling and permanent disabilities. Different countries employ different traffic management methods based on their requirement, and social, geographical and cultural needs. Information technology plays a decisive role in managing traffic and reducing incidents. Many researchers have contributed to improve the ways of traffic management, by using technology. However, we do not find a comprehensive management solution to take care of all traffic related issues. In this paper, based on demonstrated benefits, significance and capabilities, we identify technologies and tools to form a comprehensive solution for managing all traffic related problems.
{"title":"Smart Technologies for Comprehensive Traffic Control and Management","authors":"A. Alharbi, M. Yamin, G. Halikias","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00062","url":null,"abstract":"Every day, many road accidents take place in different parts of the world. Thousands of people die in these accidents, and many more are injured, leaving some of them with crippling and permanent disabilities. Different countries employ different traffic management methods based on their requirement, and social, geographical and cultural needs. Information technology plays a decisive role in managing traffic and reducing incidents. Many researchers have contributed to improve the ways of traffic management, by using technology. However, we do not find a comprehensive management solution to take care of all traffic related issues. In this paper, based on demonstrated benefits, significance and capabilities, we identify technologies and tools to form a comprehensive solution for managing all traffic related problems.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115057562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00004
Biswajeet Sahu, H. Palo, S. Mohanty
This paper aims to recognize the human expressive states from their voice samples. It intends to extract a few reliable features and combine them intelligently for the said task for effective recognition. Initially, it extracts a few sub-band spectral properties from voice samples containing emotional information. Further, the pitch and its standard deviation along with the log-energy features have been extracted to develop an efficient combinational model. The chosen features are complementary, hence expected to increase the available emotional information. To validate the combinational framework, several Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) have been simulated and compared. Among the classifiers, the Random Forest (RF) has outperformed all others in terms of classification accuracy whereas the Decision Tree remains computationally least expensive.
{"title":"A Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Emotion Recognition through Speech","authors":"Biswajeet Sahu, H. Palo, S. Mohanty","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to recognize the human expressive states from their voice samples. It intends to extract a few reliable features and combine them intelligently for the said task for effective recognition. Initially, it extracts a few sub-band spectral properties from voice samples containing emotional information. Further, the pitch and its standard deviation along with the log-energy features have been extracted to develop an efficient combinational model. The chosen features are complementary, hence expected to increase the available emotional information. To validate the combinational framework, several Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) have been simulated and compared. Among the classifiers, the Random Forest (RF) has outperformed all others in terms of classification accuracy whereas the Decision Tree remains computationally least expensive.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116039299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00081
R. Arora, Sheetal Gera, M. Saxena
This paper explains the security risk of data being used in Cloud-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) application and challenges of implementation in healthcare/hospitals. It further explains the challenges faced during and after implementation using SaaS (Software as a Service) and how to overcome these challenges. This study additionally provides a comparison before and after cloud implementation in hospitals and advantages/disadvantages about usage of Cloud-based ERP in the healthcare sector and how it can help to manage and care patients efficiently in an economical way. Survey methodology was used for data collection. Study of survey results proves that Cloud based ERP products are robust and provide secured storage for data and use high end encryption methods to handle data security and privacy. Cloud-based applications have changed the way organizations used to work and provided them the tools to be more focused on innovation and other areas and not bother on maintenance and upgrade of server and back-up servers (Disaster Server), Business Continue Planning (BCP servers and their OS (Operating System) along with other software. There are multiple benefits of Cloud-based applications though there are concerns related to data security about confidentiality and integrity considering data is critical and sensitive. This paper is addressing the issues during Cloud Based ERP implementation for an organization, e.g. data security and data privacy along with the ways to address them.
{"title":"Mitigating Security Risks on Privacy of Sensitive Data used in Cloud-based ERP Applications","authors":"R. Arora, Sheetal Gera, M. Saxena","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00081","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explains the security risk of data being used in Cloud-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) application and challenges of implementation in healthcare/hospitals. It further explains the challenges faced during and after implementation using SaaS (Software as a Service) and how to overcome these challenges. This study additionally provides a comparison before and after cloud implementation in hospitals and advantages/disadvantages about usage of Cloud-based ERP in the healthcare sector and how it can help to manage and care patients efficiently in an economical way. Survey methodology was used for data collection. Study of survey results proves that Cloud based ERP products are robust and provide secured storage for data and use high end encryption methods to handle data security and privacy. Cloud-based applications have changed the way organizations used to work and provided them the tools to be more focused on innovation and other areas and not bother on maintenance and upgrade of server and back-up servers (Disaster Server), Business Continue Planning (BCP servers and their OS (Operating System) along with other software. There are multiple benefits of Cloud-based applications though there are concerns related to data security about confidentiality and integrity considering data is critical and sensitive. This paper is addressing the issues during Cloud Based ERP implementation for an organization, e.g. data security and data privacy along with the ways to address them.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116385700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00021
Bisma Sultan, M. Wani
Traditional steganographic uses an approach where various steps of a steganographic algorithm are devised by human experts. This process can be automated with Generative Adversarial Networks. The use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) in the field of steganography helps in generating suitable and secure covers for steganography with no need for human based algorithms. The network learns and evolves to replace the role played by a steganographic algorithm in generating robust steganalyzers without human intervention. All the GAN based steganographic models use RGB images for hiding the secret data. In this work, the impact of various color spaces on GAN based steganography application is explored. Steganographic images in different color formats such as RGB, YCrCb, YIQ, YUV, CIEXYZ, YDbDr, HED and HSV are generated using DCGAN based model to study the importance of color spaces in steganography. The results of the experimentation on CelebA dataset show that the color spaces play an important role in GAN based steganography. The error rate and the message extraction accuracy of a model vary significantly with different color spaces. The experimental analysis depicts that color spaces such as HED, YUV and YCrCb perform better than RGB and other color spaces in terms of distortion, extraction accuracy and convergence for the same number of epochs.
{"title":"Generative Adversarial Network based Steganography with different Color Spaces","authors":"Bisma Sultan, M. Wani","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00021","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional steganographic uses an approach where various steps of a steganographic algorithm are devised by human experts. This process can be automated with Generative Adversarial Networks. The use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) in the field of steganography helps in generating suitable and secure covers for steganography with no need for human based algorithms. The network learns and evolves to replace the role played by a steganographic algorithm in generating robust steganalyzers without human intervention. All the GAN based steganographic models use RGB images for hiding the secret data. In this work, the impact of various color spaces on GAN based steganography application is explored. Steganographic images in different color formats such as RGB, YCrCb, YIQ, YUV, CIEXYZ, YDbDr, HED and HSV are generated using DCGAN based model to study the importance of color spaces in steganography. The results of the experimentation on CelebA dataset show that the color spaces play an important role in GAN based steganography. The error rate and the message extraction accuracy of a model vary significantly with different color spaces. The experimental analysis depicts that color spaces such as HED, YUV and YCrCb perform better than RGB and other color spaces in terms of distortion, extraction accuracy and convergence for the same number of epochs.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122111637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00129
A. Asthana, Anil Kumar, Sumita Mishra, Preeta Sharan, M. Tabrez
Quantum dot was invented at Bell labs in 1982 as light-emitting nanocrystals that can absorb light of one wavelength and convert it to another. In the nanoscale implementation, quantum dot has become a new emerging technology, as one of the most prominent research areas. It has the potential of getting applied in the construction of quantum computers as well as in communication switching networks. The proposed multiply-accumulate operation (MAC) unit can be used to reduce the processing time of the central processing unit (CPU) or arithmetic logical unit (ALU). In this paper the MAC unit has been designed to reduce the complexity of the cross-connect circuits. The complete circuit has been implemented using quantum dot cellular automata to reduce the power dissipation and cell area. The standard AND gate and full adder are the core aspects for the design of MAC architecture. This work involves the design of a low-power MAC unit circuit. The circuit can be used with cross-connect networks with M parallel operations and with N size networks to make M × N operations per unit time. The power dissipation has been computed as 2.416x10−9 W. The proposed design is superior than other designs based on non-quantum dot technology.
{"title":"Design of Single Bit Low Power Multiply Accumulate (MAC) Unit Using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata","authors":"A. Asthana, Anil Kumar, Sumita Mishra, Preeta Sharan, M. Tabrez","doi":"10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIACom51348.2021.00129","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum dot was invented at Bell labs in 1982 as light-emitting nanocrystals that can absorb light of one wavelength and convert it to another. In the nanoscale implementation, quantum dot has become a new emerging technology, as one of the most prominent research areas. It has the potential of getting applied in the construction of quantum computers as well as in communication switching networks. The proposed multiply-accumulate operation (MAC) unit can be used to reduce the processing time of the central processing unit (CPU) or arithmetic logical unit (ALU). In this paper the MAC unit has been designed to reduce the complexity of the cross-connect circuits. The complete circuit has been implemented using quantum dot cellular automata to reduce the power dissipation and cell area. The standard AND gate and full adder are the core aspects for the design of MAC architecture. This work involves the design of a low-power MAC unit circuit. The circuit can be used with cross-connect networks with M parallel operations and with N size networks to make M × N operations per unit time. The power dissipation has been computed as 2.416x10−9 W. The proposed design is superior than other designs based on non-quantum dot technology.","PeriodicalId":415594,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)","volume":"784 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116852973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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