M. Yanar, Olcay Güler, A. Diler, R. Aydın, R. Koçyiğit
The study was carried out to investigate the magnitude of non-genetic factors influencing linear type traits and to estimate phenotypic correlations among these traits in Simmental cows. The 16 linear type traits were recorded for 148 Simmental cows reared in a private farm in Eastern Turkey. A statistical model used in this research included fixed effects of stage of lactation, parity, season at time of classification and classifier. The age at time of classification was included to the statistical model as co-variable. Parity, stage of lactation, season at time of classification and classifier effect was significant (P<0.01-0.05) for chest width, angularity, teat placement side view, body depth. Parity, stage of lactation, season at time of classification effect was significant (P<0.01-0.05) for rear leg rear view, rump width, suspensory ligament and udder depth. Linear and quadratic effects of age at time of classification were also significant (P<0.01-0.05) for rump width, rump angle, teat placement rear view, foot angle, suspensory ligament and udder depth. Phenotypic correlations among linear type traits were in low to medium range.
{"title":"Appraisal of Linear Type Traits in Simmental Cows Reared on High Altitude of Eastern Turkey","authors":"M. Yanar, Olcay Güler, A. Diler, R. Aydın, R. Koçyiğit","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.532130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.532130","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to investigate the magnitude of non-genetic factors influencing linear type traits and to estimate phenotypic correlations among these traits in Simmental cows. The 16 linear type traits were recorded for 148 Simmental cows reared in a private farm in Eastern Turkey. A statistical model used in this research included fixed effects of stage of lactation, parity, season at time of classification and classifier. The age at time of classification was included to the statistical model as co-variable. Parity, stage of lactation, season at time of classification and classifier effect was significant (P<0.01-0.05) for chest width, angularity, teat placement side view, body depth. Parity, stage of lactation, season at time of classification effect was significant (P<0.01-0.05) for rear leg rear view, rump width, suspensory ligament and udder depth. Linear and quadratic effects of age at time of classification were also significant (P<0.01-0.05) for rump width, rump angle, teat placement rear view, foot angle, suspensory ligament and udder depth. Phenotypic correlations among linear type traits were in low to medium range.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77875465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to investigate eggshell traits; including eggshell water vapor conductance, eggshell thickness, pore density, egg weight loss as well as eggshell surface area and volume in 28 and 40 week-old broiler breeders. Furthermore, the phenotypic correlations among the eggshell characteristics were determined. The eggs were ranged from 54.41 g to 60.78 g and 54.71 g to 60.62 g in 28 and 40 wk-old age groups, respectively. All eggs were weighed and numbered before setting and were monitored individually until the end of the incubation. Mean eggshell water vapor conductance (G) value was 11.00±1.01 mg H2O day-1 torr-1 in 28 wk-old flock and 11.99±1.28 mg H2O day-1 torr-1 in 40 wk-old flock respectively (P<0.05). The mean value of shell thickness and pore density mean along with the two regions (broad end and equator) were higher and significant in 28 wk-old flock (P<0.01). Egg weight loss was not found to be significant. Surface area was higher in 40 wk-old flock while as volume was higher in 28 wk-old flocks (P<0.01). There was no correlation between eggshell thickness and pore density. Both eggshell thickness and pore density were having significant positive correlation along with three eggshell regions in each flock ages (P<0.01).
{"title":"Eggshell Water Vapor Conductance and Shell Structural Characteristics of Broiler Breeder in Different Flock Ages","authors":"Ü. Şahan, S. Sabah, A. Sözcü","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.471225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.471225","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate eggshell traits; including eggshell water vapor conductance, eggshell thickness, pore density, egg weight loss as well as eggshell surface area and volume in 28 and 40 week-old broiler breeders. Furthermore, the phenotypic correlations among the eggshell characteristics were determined. The eggs were ranged from 54.41 g to 60.78 g and 54.71 g to 60.62 g in 28 and 40 wk-old age groups, respectively. All eggs were weighed and numbered before setting and were monitored individually until the end of the incubation. Mean eggshell water vapor conductance (G) value was 11.00±1.01 mg H2O day-1 torr-1 in 28 wk-old flock and 11.99±1.28 mg H2O day-1 torr-1 in 40 wk-old flock respectively (P<0.05). The mean value of shell thickness and pore density mean along with the two regions (broad end and equator) were higher and significant in 28 wk-old flock (P<0.01). Egg weight loss was not found to be significant. Surface area was higher in 40 wk-old flock while as volume was higher in 28 wk-old flocks (P<0.01). There was no correlation between eggshell thickness and pore density. Both eggshell thickness and pore density were having significant positive correlation along with three eggshell regions in each flock ages (P<0.01).","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":"246-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89228041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The weed species in the common barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) fields in the Diyarbakir were observed with this study. For this purpose, 50 quadrats of 1m by 1m (1 m-2) were randomly placed and examined at each study site. In every set of the quadrat, frequency and density were observed throughout the cropping season of 2015-2016. During the course of field study 72 weed species belonging to 21 families, 13 grasses, 59 broadleaves were recorded. The common families were Asteraceae and Poaceae in the common barley fields. The encounter frequency of weeds was determined by observing 80% wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L., 80%), animated oat (Avena sterilis L., 63%), common wild oat (Avena fatua L., 54%), corn buttercup (Ranunculus arvensis L., 54%), corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L., 52%), creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., 51%), volunteer lentils (Lens culinaris Medik., 51%). Wild mustard, which had the highest frequency was also the densest weed species (5.18 plant m-2), and other species such as animated oat (4.33 plant m-2), creeping thistle (1.77 plant m-2), common wild oat (1.72 plant m-2), corn buttercup (1.47 plant m-2), cleavers (1.38 plant m-2), corn poppy (1.22 plant m-2), volunteer lentils (1.07 plant m-2) were important species at all the observed fields. It was observed that the great infestation was shown by broadleaf weeds due to the lack of effective weed control in the barley areas.
{"title":"Observation of Weed Species, Frequency and Density in Common Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Fields of Diyarbakir, Turkey: A Case Study","authors":"F. Pala","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.500963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.500963","url":null,"abstract":"The weed species in the common barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) fields in the Diyarbakir were observed with this study. For this purpose, 50 quadrats of 1m by 1m (1 m-2) were randomly placed and examined at each study site. In every set of the quadrat, frequency and density were observed throughout the cropping season of 2015-2016. During the course of field study 72 weed species belonging to 21 families, 13 grasses, 59 broadleaves were recorded. The common families were Asteraceae and Poaceae in the common barley fields. The encounter frequency of weeds was determined by observing 80% wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L., 80%), animated oat (Avena sterilis L., 63%), common wild oat (Avena fatua L., 54%), corn buttercup (Ranunculus arvensis L., 54%), corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L., 52%), creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., 51%), volunteer lentils (Lens culinaris Medik., 51%). Wild mustard, which had the highest frequency was also the densest weed species (5.18 plant m-2), and other species such as animated oat (4.33 plant m-2), creeping thistle (1.77 plant m-2), common wild oat (1.72 plant m-2), corn buttercup (1.47 plant m-2), cleavers (1.38 plant m-2), corn poppy (1.22 plant m-2), volunteer lentils (1.07 plant m-2) were important species at all the observed fields. It was observed that the great infestation was shown by broadleaf weeds due to the lack of effective weed control in the barley areas.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"164-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76775619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The variables affecting the milk productivity have been discussed in various articles through different methods. A recent study using path analysis shows that three variables significantly affect the 305-day milk yield of Holstein Friesian cows. These variables are parity, first calving year and lactation length. Calving season is another variable which appears to be significant in a different study. The aim of this study is to provide a simultaneous multilateral analysis among the milk yield, these three variables and a new variable calving season. The analysis was realized through a Bayesian network built over the findings of the path analysis. 17,109 records of Holstein Friesian cows calved between 2001-2011 years were analyzed. The estimated Bayesian network showed that younger cows produced more milk. Lactation length and parity do not depend on each other. Cows reached their highest amount of milk yield on their 4thparities. Milk yield is mostly affected by lactation length. Finally, first calving year, parity, lactation length and calving season should be considered as criteria in a selection study to increase the milk yield.
{"title":"A Bayesian Network Analysis for the Factors Affecting the 305-day Milk Productivity of Holstein Friesians","authors":"V. Sevinç, Ö. Akkus, Ç. Takma, Ö. I. Güneri","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.460705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.460705","url":null,"abstract":"The variables affecting the milk productivity have been discussed in various articles through different methods. A recent study using path analysis shows that three variables significantly affect the 305-day milk yield of Holstein Friesian cows. These variables are parity, first calving year and lactation length. Calving season is another variable which appears to be significant in a different study. The aim of this study is to provide a simultaneous multilateral analysis among the milk yield, these three variables and a new variable calving season. The analysis was realized through a Bayesian network built over the findings of the path analysis. 17,109 records of Holstein Friesian cows calved between 2001-2011 years were analyzed. The estimated Bayesian network showed that younger cows produced more milk. Lactation length and parity do not depend on each other. Cows reached their highest amount of milk yield on their 4thparities. Milk yield is mostly affected by lactation length. Finally, first calving year, parity, lactation length and calving season should be considered as criteria in a selection study to increase the milk yield.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74079154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. I. Khan, Z. Malik, G. Abbasi, S. Cheema, M. Dawood, M. Javed, M. Rafey, Malik Noman Mansha
In this work, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic amendments in alleviation of toxicity of untreated domestic wastewater to okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea). Three organic amendments including farm yard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM) and bagasse ash (BGA) at the rate of 1% and 3% were applied to the soil to evaluate their positive impact on vegetable plants. Results showed that untreated wastewater impeded the growth of both vegetables and increased uptake of heavy metals (HMs) (i.e. Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) by plants whereas organic amendments significantly improved the growth of plants and decreased the uptake of HMs. Shoot and root lengths and dry weights of plants were boosted by the FYM and PM, while chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids were enhanced by PM and BGA amendments. Interestingly, reduced HMs uptake was found where 3% of BGA or FYM were applied. Overall the results of this study showed that all three organic amendments were useful for improving growth of vegetables and alleviating the phytotoxicity of untreated wastewater and uptake of HMs by plants. Our findings suggest that these organic materials could be useful for improving agricultural productivity in untreated wastewater irrigated areas.
{"title":"Alleviation of Toxic Effects of Untreated Wastewater on Selective Vegetables Using Soil Organic Amendments","authors":"M. I. Khan, Z. Malik, G. Abbasi, S. Cheema, M. Dawood, M. Javed, M. Rafey, Malik Noman Mansha","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.449876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.449876","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic amendments in alleviation of toxicity of untreated domestic wastewater to okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea). Three organic amendments including farm yard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM) and bagasse ash (BGA) at the rate of 1% and 3% were applied to the soil to evaluate their positive impact on vegetable plants. Results showed that untreated wastewater impeded the growth of both vegetables and increased uptake of heavy metals (HMs) (i.e. Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) by plants whereas organic amendments significantly improved the growth of plants and decreased the uptake of HMs. Shoot and root lengths and dry weights of plants were boosted by the FYM and PM, while chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids were enhanced by PM and BGA amendments. Interestingly, reduced HMs uptake was found where 3% of BGA or FYM were applied. Overall the results of this study showed that all three organic amendments were useful for improving growth of vegetables and alleviating the phytotoxicity of untreated wastewater and uptake of HMs by plants. Our findings suggest that these organic materials could be useful for improving agricultural productivity in untreated wastewater irrigated areas.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81180943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research aimed to reveal the members’ willingness to invest capital in the Agricultural Producer Union (APU) and the factors influencing their decisions. The main data of the study obtained through the surveys from 420 members of the APU. Members’ willingness to invest capital in their unions and effective factors were determined using the Contingent Valuation Method and the Random Effects Tobit model, respectively. The research revealed that 44% of the union members were willing to make an average contribution of 355 TL to their unions. Random Effects Tobit model results revealed that member's trust, membership fee, participation in trainings, memberships of livestock union, apple and beekeeping, export crops through the union, attending the general assembly, level of education and agricultural experience positively affected the willingness to invest capital, while membership of the organic hazelnut and vegetables union, gender, management experience, age and total income negative affected the willingness to invest capital. In order to increase members’ willingness to invest capital to their unions, members’ trusts and participations in the training activities and administration of the unions should be increased.
{"title":"Members’ Willingness to Invest Capital in the Agricultural Producer Unions: A Case of Samsun Province in Turkey","authors":"Bakiye Kılıç Topuz","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.425327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.425327","url":null,"abstract":"The research aimed to reveal the members’ willingness to invest capital in the Agricultural Producer Union (APU) and the factors influencing their decisions. The main data of the study obtained through the surveys from 420 members of the APU. Members’ willingness to invest capital in their unions and effective factors were determined using the Contingent Valuation Method and the Random Effects Tobit model, respectively. The research revealed that 44% of the union members were willing to make an average contribution of 355 TL to their unions. Random Effects Tobit model results revealed that member's trust, membership fee, participation in trainings, memberships of livestock union, apple and beekeeping, export crops through the union, attending the general assembly, level of education and agricultural experience positively affected the willingness to invest capital, while membership of the organic hazelnut and vegetables union, gender, management experience, age and total income negative affected the willingness to invest capital. In order to increase members’ willingness to invest capital to their unions, members’ trusts and participations in the training activities and administration of the unions should be increased.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80568300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, it was investigated that repellency and insecticidal efficacy of trans-anethole of botanical origin on major stored product on pests species, namely Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Repellency effect was evaluated by choice test in petri dishes, while the mortality effect was examined by exposure to wheat treated at different concentrations, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 μL trans anethole. In efficacy tests, after 72 hours exposure, the highest adult mortality was found on T. castaneum with a 60% mortality, while other test species showed no significant mortality. On the other hand, repellency tests revealed varying degree of repellency depending on the application dose of trans-anethole. It was determined that S. granarius belongs to repellent class III, while all of the other species fall under repellent class IV. F1 progeny decreased as trans-anethole concentration increased, and in this context 8 μL of trans-anethole is proved to be the optimal concentration causing maximum decrease in progeny production. Among the insect species tested, T. confusum was found to be the most sensitive to trans-anethole with 100% decrease in F1 progeny production. Our results indicate that trans-anethole can be used as a potential repellent for the control of major stored grain pests. Additionally, trans-anethole, by its contact efficacy, might be considered as a grain protectant against S. granarius, S. oryzae, T. confusum and T. castaneum.
{"title":"Insecticidal Efficacy and Repellency of Trans-Anethole Against Four Stored-Product Insect Pests","authors":"M. Alkan, S. Ertürk","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.445671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.445671","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, it was investigated that repellency and insecticidal efficacy of trans-anethole of botanical origin on major stored product on pests species, namely Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Repellency effect was evaluated by choice test in petri dishes, while the mortality effect was examined by exposure to wheat treated at different concentrations, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 μL trans anethole. In efficacy tests, after 72 hours exposure, the highest adult mortality was found on T. castaneum with a 60% mortality, while other test species showed no significant mortality. On the other hand, repellency tests revealed varying degree of repellency depending on the application dose of trans-anethole. It was determined that S. granarius belongs to repellent class III, while all of the other species fall under repellent class IV. F1 progeny decreased as trans-anethole concentration increased, and in this context 8 μL of trans-anethole is proved to be the optimal concentration causing maximum decrease in progeny production. Among the insect species tested, T. confusum was found to be the most sensitive to trans-anethole with 100% decrease in F1 progeny production. Our results indicate that trans-anethole can be used as a potential repellent for the control of major stored grain pests. Additionally, trans-anethole, by its contact efficacy, might be considered as a grain protectant against S. granarius, S. oryzae, T. confusum and T. castaneum.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"64-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81453053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leaf rust caused by Pucinia recondita tritici is one of the most important diseases of bread wheat worldwide. It is considered that the most environmentally sound; low cost method of controlling leaf rust is to breed and grow genetically resistant wheat varieties. In the research, twenty-four bread wheat varieties grown intensively were used as genetic material in Trakya Region where the North-West Part of Turkey. To create artificial leaf rust epidemic in field conditions, two sensitive varieties (Morrocco and Cumhuriyet 75) was sown after each ten genotypes, and the reactions of the varieties to leaf rust were investigated in field conditions. Isogenic lines carrying the genes Lr9, Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 from CIMMYT were used as control genotypes in molecular analysis. In the field conditions, although Pehlivan, Selimiye, Sagittario, Tina, Anapo, Montchill and Saraybosna were the most sensitive genotypes, Nota, Kate A1, Prostor and Sana were the most resistant bread wheat varieties to leaf rust. It was determined that Sana, Pehlivan, Golia, Falmura 85, Saroz 95, Renan, Sirena, Kate A1, Selimiye, Bezostoja 1, Saraybosna, Nina and Tina varieties have Lr9 gene with SSR analysis. It has been observed that all bread wheat varieties carry Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 (except Krasunia, Aldane and Gelibolu varieties) genes. It is revealed that Lr9 and Lr47 genes should be taken into consideration in the studies to be performed in the region and these genes will be useful to examine together with a larger number of leaf rust genes for more successful results in breeding studies.
{"title":"Comparison of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Leaf Rust Resistance Genes","authors":"İ. Başer","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.447752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.447752","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf rust caused by Pucinia recondita tritici is one of the most important diseases of bread wheat worldwide. It is considered that the most environmentally sound; low cost method of controlling leaf rust is to breed and grow genetically resistant wheat varieties. In the research, twenty-four bread wheat varieties grown intensively were used as genetic material in Trakya Region where the North-West Part of Turkey. To create artificial leaf rust epidemic in field conditions, two sensitive varieties (Morrocco and Cumhuriyet 75) was sown after each ten genotypes, and the reactions of the varieties to leaf rust were investigated in field conditions. Isogenic lines carrying the genes Lr9, Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 from CIMMYT were used as control genotypes in molecular analysis. In the field conditions, although Pehlivan, Selimiye, Sagittario, Tina, Anapo, Montchill and Saraybosna were the most sensitive genotypes, Nota, Kate A1, Prostor and Sana were the most resistant bread wheat varieties to leaf rust. It was determined that Sana, Pehlivan, Golia, Falmura 85, Saroz 95, Renan, Sirena, Kate A1, Selimiye, Bezostoja 1, Saraybosna, Nina and Tina varieties have Lr9 gene with SSR analysis. It has been observed that all bread wheat varieties carry Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 (except Krasunia, Aldane and Gelibolu varieties) genes. It is revealed that Lr9 and Lr47 genes should be taken into consideration in the studies to be performed in the region and these genes will be useful to examine together with a larger number of leaf rust genes for more successful results in breeding studies.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72996184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the beef cattle sector has been considerably supported during the last two decades, Turkey could not get its self-sufficiency yet. The objective of this case study was to examine the impacts of livestock supports on production and income of beef cattle farms. The survey data was collected from randomly selected 171 cattle farms in Samsun province of Turkey. The Treatment Effect Model was used to measure the impacts of livestock supports on beef meat production and gross profit of the farms. The results indicate that the farmers, who have larger land and herd, higher education level, keeping farm records, are mechanized and specialized in beef cattle breeding were more likely to benefit from livestock supports than their counterparts. The Treatment Effect Model highlights that livestock support has a statistically significant effect on the amount of beef meat produced whereas it has no statistically significant effect on the gross profits of the farms. The research recommended that the livestock supports are necessary for the sustainability of beef cattle farms. The farms should be encouraged to get records via Farm Accountancy Data Network and the record keeping farms should be supported by higher amounts.
{"title":"The Impact of Livestock Supports on Production and Income of the Beef Cattle Farms: A Case of Samsun Province, Turkey","authors":"Nevra Alhas Eroğlu, M. Bozoğlu, A. Bilgiç","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.487493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.487493","url":null,"abstract":"Although the beef cattle sector has been considerably supported during the last two decades, Turkey could not get its self-sufficiency yet. The objective of this case study was to examine the impacts of livestock supports on production and income of beef cattle farms. The survey data was collected from randomly selected 171 cattle farms in Samsun province of Turkey. The Treatment Effect Model was used to measure the impacts of livestock supports on beef meat production and gross profit of the farms. The results indicate that the farmers, who have larger land and herd, higher education level, keeping farm records, are mechanized and specialized in beef cattle breeding were more likely to benefit from livestock supports than their counterparts. The Treatment Effect Model highlights that livestock support has a statistically significant effect on the amount of beef meat produced whereas it has no statistically significant effect on the gross profits of the farms. The research recommended that the livestock supports are necessary for the sustainability of beef cattle farms. The farms should be encouraged to get records via Farm Accountancy Data Network and the record keeping farms should be supported by higher amounts.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"117-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80605920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, thin layer drying characteristics, rehydration ratio and effective moisture diffusivity of apple were investigated using microwave dryer which has intermittent and continuous modes. Drying time varied between 25 and 215 minutes and they declined with the rise in microwave power and reduction in pulsing ratio. In an attempt to pick the optimum thin layer models for the drying applications, 8 mathematical models suited to the experimental results. On the grounds of the statistical tests evaluation, Midilli et al model which represent drying characteristics are optimally suited than other models. The highest rehydration ratio was recorded for the samples dried at 100W continuous mode and the lowest ratio at 300W continuous application. Effective moisture diffusivity values were computed by the 2nd law of Fick and changing between 3.04x10-9 and 2.53x10-8 m2 s-1. Consequently, the intermittent microwave method could be used as a favorable drying method for obtaining high-quality fruit slices or processing valuable material and continuous microwave drying can be taken as another drying approach for apple samples.
{"title":"Intermittent Microwave Drying of Apple Slices: Drying Kinetics, Modeling, Rehydration Ratio and Effective Moisture Diffusivity","authors":"N. Izli, A. Polat","doi":"10.15832/ankutbd.464715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.464715","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, thin layer drying characteristics, rehydration ratio and effective moisture diffusivity of apple were investigated using microwave dryer which has intermittent and continuous modes. Drying time varied between 25 and 215 minutes and they declined with the rise in microwave power and reduction in pulsing ratio. In an attempt to pick the optimum thin layer models for the drying applications, 8 mathematical models suited to the experimental results. On the grounds of the statistical tests evaluation, Midilli et al model which represent drying characteristics are optimally suited than other models. The highest rehydration ratio was recorded for the samples dried at 100W continuous mode and the lowest ratio at 300W continuous application. Effective moisture diffusivity values were computed by the 2nd law of Fick and changing between 3.04x10-9 and 2.53x10-8 m2 s-1. Consequently, the intermittent microwave method could be used as a favorable drying method for obtaining high-quality fruit slices or processing valuable material and continuous microwave drying can be taken as another drying approach for apple samples.","PeriodicalId":41577,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81016203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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