Pub Date : 2025-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100798
Emrah Koç , Bahtiyar G. Salamov
Under the conditions of low-temperature plasma, this work proposes a new controllable express method for transformation of nano-sized Bi films into semiconducting Bi2O3 films in a modified plasma microreactor with GaAs photosensitive plate. The transformation mechanism of Bi films depends on the current density, charge transferred, and exposure time. From the mechanism of formation of Bi2O3 semiconductor film, we have established: 1) that this is a surface process that moves deeper into the Bi film when the operation parameters change; 2) the band gap value of the Bi2O3 semiconductor film obtained from Tauc’s plot is Eg ≈ 3 eV; 3) that this process is provided by the combined kinetic energy of electrons and oxygen ions.
{"title":"Influence of space charge carriers and active plasma components of DC Townsend discharge on the surface transformation of nano-sized Bi films","authors":"Emrah Koç , Bahtiyar G. Salamov","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the conditions of low-temperature plasma, this work proposes a new controllable express method for transformation of nano-sized Bi films into semiconducting Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films in a modified plasma microreactor with GaAs photosensitive plate. The transformation mechanism of Bi films depends on the current density, charge transferred, and exposure time. From the mechanism of formation of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> semiconductor film, we have established: 1) that this is a surface process that moves deeper into the Bi film when the operation parameters change; 2) the band gap value of the Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> semiconductor film obtained from Tauc’s plot is <em>E<sub>g</sub></em> ≈ 3 eV; 3) that this process is provided by the combined kinetic energy of electrons and oxygen ions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 4","pages":"Article 100798"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145425364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100797
Loris Chavée , Stéphane Lucas , Nicolas Stein , Thierry Brousse , Emile Haye
The deposition of functional coatings by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) on open-cell 3D foams represents a burgeoning area within material science, especially for electrochemical applications. Due to the novelty of this field and the unique geometry of the foams, the use of PVD on these substrates is a breakthrough innovation for functional material development. However, several challenges remain, e.g. understanding film growth mechanisms on foams, their impact on electrochemical processes, and optimizing the performance of coated foams across various applications through an understanding of the electrochemical phenomena occurring inside and on the surface of the coated foams. This review provides the first thorough overview of the current state-of-the-art in this area and suggests innovative solutions to the challenges encountered. It reports the various properties of films on foams reported in literature, compares the electrochemical performance of PVD-coated foams for Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER)/Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) catalysis, and energy storage applications, and discusses the mechanisms that explain their performance. Additionally, the review offers an analysis of existing research and introduces a novel numerical methodology, integrating Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), Particle-in-Cell Monte Carlo (PICMC), and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) techniques to facilitate the characterization of coatings within the foams.
{"title":"PVD coatings on open-cell 3D foams for electrochemical applications: A review","authors":"Loris Chavée , Stéphane Lucas , Nicolas Stein , Thierry Brousse , Emile Haye","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deposition of functional coatings by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) on open-cell 3D foams represents a burgeoning area within material science, especially for electrochemical applications. Due to the novelty of this field and the unique geometry of the foams, the use of PVD on these substrates is a breakthrough innovation for functional material development. However, several challenges remain, e.g. understanding film growth mechanisms on foams, their impact on electrochemical processes, and optimizing the performance of coated foams across various applications through an understanding of the electrochemical phenomena occurring inside and on the surface of the coated foams. This review provides the first thorough overview of the current state-of-the-art in this area and suggests innovative solutions to the challenges encountered. It reports the various properties of films on foams reported in literature, compares the electrochemical performance of PVD-coated foams for Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER)/Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) catalysis, and energy storage applications, and discusses the mechanisms that explain their performance. Additionally, the review offers an analysis of existing research and introduces a novel numerical methodology, integrating Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), Particle-in-Cell Monte Carlo (PICMC), and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) techniques to facilitate the characterization of coatings within the foams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 4","pages":"Article 100797"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145360434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing global demand for energy has positioned photoelectrochemical water splitting as a highly promising method for producing gaseous hydrogen. For this process to be sufficiently effective, the use of semiconductor electrodes with specific properties is required. Among the already proposed semiconductors for this purpose, iron oxides are particularly promising. Therefore, this review paper aims to discuss recent advancements in the fabrication of nanostructured iron oxides through an anodic oxidation of metallic iron and, above all, the possibilities of utilizing these materials in photoelectrochemical systems. The first part of the paper discusses the procedure of Fe anodization with particular emphasis on the correlation between synthesis conditions and the morphology, composition, and properties of the obtained oxide layers. The most important part of the paper is a detailed discussion of the applications of anodically generated iron oxides in photoelectrochemical systems. Strategies for modifying Fe2O3 layers to enhance their photoelectrochemical properties have also been presented. Finally, examples of other applications of anodic iron oxides, as well as challenges and perspectives of the anodic oxidation method, were described.
{"title":"Nanostructured anodic iron oxides for photoelectrochemical applications: recent advances and perspectives","authors":"Karolina Syrek , Magdalena Gurgul-Bednarczyk , Małgorzata Płachta , Bartłomiej Orczykowski , Marta Michalska-Domańska , Leszek Zaraska","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing global demand for energy has positioned photoelectrochemical water splitting as a highly promising method for producing gaseous hydrogen. For this process to be sufficiently effective, the use of semiconductor electrodes with specific properties is required. Among the already proposed semiconductors for this purpose, iron oxides are particularly promising. Therefore, this review paper aims to discuss recent advancements in the fabrication of nanostructured iron oxides through an anodic oxidation of metallic iron and, above all, the possibilities of utilizing these materials in photoelectrochemical systems. The first part of the paper discusses the procedure of Fe anodization with particular emphasis on the correlation between synthesis conditions and the morphology, composition, and properties of the obtained oxide layers. The most important part of the paper is a detailed discussion of the applications of anodically generated iron oxides in photoelectrochemical systems. Strategies for modifying Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layers to enhance their photoelectrochemical properties have also been presented. Finally, examples of other applications of anodic iron oxides, as well as challenges and perspectives of the anodic oxidation method, were described.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 4","pages":"Article 100796"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145360518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100795
Takeshi Suzuki , Kozo Okazaki
Recent advancements in ultrafast laser systems and high harmonic generation (HHG) techniques have enabled time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on femtosecond timescales, opening up unprecedented opportunities to explore quantum materials in both time and momentum space. In this review, we present recent representative studies utilizing HHG-laser-based time- and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy for a variety of quantum materials. We particularly highlight electron–phonon interactions and non-equilibrium dynamics in time and frequency domain, through which rich information about non-equilibrium electron–phonon couplings and related phenomena has been clearly revealed.
{"title":"Time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of quantum materials using high harmonic generation: probing electron-phonon interactions and non-equilibrium dynamics","authors":"Takeshi Suzuki , Kozo Okazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in ultrafast laser systems and high harmonic generation (HHG) techniques have enabled time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on femtosecond timescales, opening up unprecedented opportunities to explore quantum materials in both time and momentum space. In this review, we present recent representative studies utilizing HHG-laser-based time- and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy for a variety of quantum materials. We particularly highlight electron–phonon interactions and non-equilibrium dynamics in time and frequency domain, through which rich information about non-equilibrium electron–phonon couplings and related phenomena has been clearly revealed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 4","pages":"Article 100795"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145334960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100781
Xinbin Zhang , Rongping Wang , Shaopeng Meng , Wenhua Chen , Liucheng Zhou , Weifeng He , Xinlei Pan
As a prominent connection technique in modern industry, adhesive technology provides advantages unattainable by conventional methods. It is widely applied in diverse industries, including electronics, medical devices, automotive, and aerospace. Laser surface texturing facilitates the high-precision fabrication of micro/nano-scale surface features, enabling simultaneous control over surface morphology, roughness, and contact angle, thereby enhancing adhesive joint strength. This review focuses on the interfacial bonding strength enhancement achieved via laser texturing technology. We systematically analyze the laser sources, operational classifications, and underlying material interaction mechanisms of laser texturing. Incorporating biomimetic science, this review synthesizes recent advances in texture-induced interface regulation and bonding reinforcement mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the persisting challenges and emerging research directions in laser-texturing-enabled bonding strength improvement.
{"title":"Advances and perspectives in laser texturing for adhesion enhancement: a comprehensive research progress","authors":"Xinbin Zhang , Rongping Wang , Shaopeng Meng , Wenhua Chen , Liucheng Zhou , Weifeng He , Xinlei Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a prominent connection technique in modern industry, adhesive technology provides advantages unattainable by conventional methods. It is widely applied in diverse industries, including electronics, medical devices, automotive, and aerospace. Laser surface texturing facilitates the high-precision fabrication of micro/nano-scale surface features, enabling simultaneous control over surface morphology, roughness, and contact angle, thereby enhancing adhesive joint strength. This review focuses on the interfacial bonding strength enhancement achieved via laser texturing technology. We systematically analyze the laser sources, operational classifications, and underlying material interaction mechanisms of laser texturing. Incorporating biomimetic science, this review synthesizes recent advances in texture-induced interface regulation and bonding reinforcement mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the persisting challenges and emerging research directions in laser-texturing-enabled bonding strength improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 3","pages":"Article 100781"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100778
Hang You , Yi Peng , Ting Li , Zhengwen Zhang , Yuanqiang Luo
To address the issue of corrosion damage to copper in printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic components, and other precision parts, the application of superhydrophobic surface technology is utilized to enhance its corrosion resistance properties. In this study, a superhydrophobic CuO/Cu2O/CuCl composite surface was fabricated via a facile one-step chemical etching and modification process. The surface morphology was tailored by optimizing microstructural roughness, while the effects of etching time, etchant concentration, and modification duration on wettability were systematically investigated. Various characterization technologies, such as SEM, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, were utilized to examine surface morphologies, crystalline phases, chemical composition, and wettability. The engineered surface exhibited exceptional superhydrophobicity, with a contact angle (CA) of 161.4 ± 0.3° and a sliding angle (SA) below 3°. Electrochemical assessments revealed outstanding corrosion inhibition efficiency (99.98 %) in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, corroborated by post-immersion corrosion morphology analysis. Furthermore, the coating demonstrated robust self-cleaning functionality and sustained superhydrophobicity for over 360 days under ambient conditions, highlighting its potential for real-world applications.
{"title":"One-step etching fabrication of superhydrophobic CuO/Cu2O/CuCl hybrid films with integrated anti-corrosion, self-cleaning and long-term stability","authors":"Hang You , Yi Peng , Ting Li , Zhengwen Zhang , Yuanqiang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of corrosion damage to copper in printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic components, and other precision parts, the application of superhydrophobic surface technology is utilized to enhance its corrosion resistance properties. In this study, a superhydrophobic CuO/Cu<sub>2</sub>O/CuCl composite surface was fabricated via a facile one-step chemical etching and modification process. The surface morphology was tailored by optimizing microstructural roughness, while the effects of etching time, etchant concentration, and modification duration on wettability were systematically investigated. Various characterization technologies, such as SEM, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, were utilized to examine surface morphologies, crystalline phases, chemical composition, and wettability. The engineered surface exhibited exceptional superhydrophobicity, with a contact angle (CA) of 161.4 ± 0.3° and a sliding angle (SA) below 3°. Electrochemical assessments revealed outstanding corrosion inhibition efficiency (99.98 %) in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, corroborated by post-immersion corrosion morphology analysis. Furthermore, the coating demonstrated robust self-cleaning functionality and sustained superhydrophobicity for over 360 days under ambient conditions, highlighting its potential for real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 2","pages":"Article 100778"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100777
Valentina Gosetti , Jorge Cervantes-Villanueva , Selene Mor , Davide Sangalli , Alberto García-Cristóbal , Alejandro Molina-Sánchez , Vadim F. Agekyan , Manuel Tuniz , Denny Puntel , Wibke Bronsch , Federico Cilento , Stefania Pagliara
Resolving the early-stage dynamics of exciton formation following non-resonant photoexcitation in time, energy, and momentum is quite challenging due to their inherently fast timescales and the proximity of the excitonic state to the bottom of the conduction band. In this study, by combining time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with ab initio numerical simulations, we capture the timing of the early-stage exciton dynamics in energy and momentum, starting from the photoexcited population in the conduction band, progressing through the formation of free excitons, and ultimately leading to their trapping in lattice deformations. The chosen material is bismuth tri-iodide (BiI), a layered semiconductor with a rich landscape of excitons in the electronic structure both in bulk and in monolayer form. The obtained results, providing a full characterization of the exciton formation, elucidate the early stages of the physical phenomena underlying the operation of the ultrafast semiconductor device.
{"title":"Unveiling the exciton formation in time, energy and momentum domain in layered van der Waals semiconductors","authors":"Valentina Gosetti , Jorge Cervantes-Villanueva , Selene Mor , Davide Sangalli , Alberto García-Cristóbal , Alejandro Molina-Sánchez , Vadim F. Agekyan , Manuel Tuniz , Denny Puntel , Wibke Bronsch , Federico Cilento , Stefania Pagliara","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resolving the early-stage dynamics of exciton formation following non-resonant photoexcitation in time, energy, and momentum is quite challenging due to their inherently fast timescales and the proximity of the excitonic state to the bottom of the conduction band. In this study, by combining time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with <em>ab initio</em> numerical simulations, we capture the timing of the early-stage exciton dynamics in energy and momentum, starting from the photoexcited population in the conduction band, progressing through the formation of free excitons, and ultimately leading to their trapping in lattice deformations. The chosen material is bismuth tri-iodide (BiI<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>), a layered semiconductor with a rich landscape of excitons in the electronic structure both in bulk and in monolayer form. The obtained results, providing a full characterization of the exciton formation, elucidate the early stages of the physical phenomena underlying the operation of the ultrafast semiconductor device.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 2","pages":"Article 100777"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100779
Mengyi Zhang , Pei Sean Goh , Woei Jye Lau , Yifei Liu
Wastewater represents a valuable resource, offering the potential for nutrient recovery that can address the increasing demand for natural resources while fostering a sustainable future. Forward osmosis (FO) membranes stand out as a promising technology for nutrient extraction due to their excellent ability to retain organic matter, their low energy requirements. However, several obstacles hinder the large-scale implementation of FO membranes for nutrient reclamation and enrichment. Overcoming challenges such as insufficient ion selectivity, suboptimal water flux, and a heightened vulnerability to fouling during extended use is essential for improving the performance and feasibility of FO systems. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of recent advancements in functionalized FO membranes specifically designed for nutrient recovery and enrichment in wastewater treatment. It critically examines the limitations of traditional FO membranes and explores innovative modification strategies, like surface modifications and nanomaterial integrations, that have been developed to enhance membrane performance. In addition, the review incorporates emerging yet underexplored directions, such as the integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven membrane design and the application of novel materials like covalent organic frameworks (COFs). By focusing on these aspects, this work offers valuable insights into the advancement of FO membrane technology for sustainable nutrient recovery.
{"title":"Functionalized forward osmosis membrane for nutrient recovery and enrichment from wastewater: Recent advances and future perspective","authors":"Mengyi Zhang , Pei Sean Goh , Woei Jye Lau , Yifei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wastewater represents a valuable resource, offering the potential for nutrient recovery that can address the increasing demand for natural resources while fostering a sustainable future. Forward osmosis (FO) membranes stand out as a promising technology for nutrient extraction due to their excellent ability to retain organic matter, their low energy requirements. However, several obstacles hinder the large-scale implementation of FO membranes for nutrient reclamation and enrichment. Overcoming challenges such as insufficient ion selectivity, suboptimal water flux, and a heightened vulnerability to fouling during extended use is essential for improving the performance and feasibility of FO systems. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of recent advancements in functionalized FO membranes specifically designed for nutrient recovery and enrichment in wastewater treatment. It critically examines the limitations of traditional FO membranes and explores innovative modification strategies, like surface modifications and nanomaterial integrations, that have been developed to enhance membrane performance. In addition, the review incorporates emerging yet underexplored directions, such as the integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven membrane design and the application of novel materials like covalent organic frameworks (COFs). By focusing on these aspects, this work offers valuable insights into the advancement of FO membrane technology for sustainable nutrient recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 2","pages":"Article 100779"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100768
Branko Gumhalter
Energetic electromagnetic fields produce a variety of elementary excitations in solids that can strongly modify their primary photoemission spectra. Such is the plasmon excitation or pumping mechanism which, although indirect, is very efficient and hence may give rise to formation of plasmonic coherent states. In turn, these states may act as a source or sink of energy and momentum for escaping electrons. Starting from the model Hamiltonian approach we show that prepumped plasmonic bath of coherent states gives rise to ponderomotive potentials and Floquet electronic band structure that support multiple plasmon-induced electron emission or plasmoemission from metals. Theoretical description of multiple plasmoemission requires a nonperturbative approach which is here formulated by applying cumulant expansion and Volkov ansatz to the calculations of electron wavefunctions and emission rates. The calculations are performed in the standard length gauge as well as in the Pauli-transformed velocity gauge for electron–plasmon interaction. The applicability of two nonperturbative approaches to calculation of excitation amplitudes are examined in each gauge. They smoothly interpolate between the fully quantal first order Born approximation and semiclassical multiplasmon-induced electron excitation limit. This is illustrated on the example of plasmoemission from Floquet surface bands on Ag(111) from which this channel of electron yield has been detected. Our calculations indicate that even subsingle mode occupations of plasmonic coherent states can support multiplasmon electron emission from surface bands. A way of calibration of plasmonic coherent states is proposed.
{"title":"Nonperturbative quantum theory of multiplasmonic electron emission from surfaces: Gauge-specific cumulant expansions vs. Volkov ansatz over plasmonic coherent states","authors":"Branko Gumhalter","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2025.100768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energetic electromagnetic fields produce a variety of elementary excitations in solids that can strongly modify their primary photoemission spectra. Such is the plasmon excitation or pumping mechanism which, although indirect, is very efficient and hence may give rise to formation of plasmonic coherent states. In turn, these states may act as a source or sink of energy and momentum for escaping electrons. Starting from the model Hamiltonian approach we show that prepumped plasmonic bath of coherent states gives rise to ponderomotive potentials and Floquet electronic band structure that support multiple plasmon-induced electron emission or plasmoemission from metals. Theoretical description of multiple plasmoemission requires a nonperturbative approach which is here formulated by applying cumulant expansion and Volkov ansatz to the calculations of electron wavefunctions and emission rates. The calculations are performed in the standard length gauge as well as in the Pauli-transformed velocity gauge for electron–plasmon interaction. The applicability of two nonperturbative approaches to calculation of excitation amplitudes are examined in each gauge. They smoothly interpolate between the fully quantal first order Born approximation and semiclassical multiplasmon-induced electron excitation limit. This is illustrated on the example of plasmoemission from Floquet surface bands on Ag(111) from which this channel of electron yield has been detected. Our calculations indicate that even subsingle mode occupations of plasmonic coherent states can support multiplasmon electron emission from surface bands. A way of calibration of plasmonic coherent states is proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"100 1","pages":"Article 100768"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We briefly review a few recent progresses of the ultrafast generation and detection of coherent phonons in various types of quantum materials. Both the shared properties and unique aspects of coherent phonons are addressed, followed by concrete examples, including some recent works from our group. Perspectives on the mechanism of coherent phonons are introduced, along with experimental details, tricks, and innovations. The main focus of this review is to reveal what one can obtain from the studies of coherent phonons, thus guiding the further investigations. Particularly, we show that various interactions among different degrees of freedom can be unveiled, telling the legends of the hidden secrets in many quantum materials. The content is intended to be intriguing to non-ultrafast spectroscopy experts as well.
{"title":"Coherent phonons in correlated quantum materials","authors":"Yanni Zhai , Piming Gong , Jiazila Hasaien , Faran Zhou , Jimin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2024.100761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2024.100761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We briefly review a few recent progresses of the ultrafast generation and detection of coherent phonons in various types of quantum materials. Both the shared properties and unique aspects of coherent phonons are addressed, followed by concrete examples, including some recent works from our group. Perspectives on the mechanism of coherent phonons are introduced, along with experimental details, tricks, and innovations. The main focus of this review is to reveal what one can obtain from the studies of coherent phonons, thus guiding the further investigations. Particularly, we show that various interactions among different degrees of freedom can be unveiled, telling the legends of the hidden secrets in many quantum materials. The content is intended to be intriguing to non-ultrafast spectroscopy experts as well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"99 4","pages":"Article 100761"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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