Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018最新文献
Industry 4.0 points to manufacturing that embraces both automation and customization yet apparel industries continue to be inhibited by the necessity for trial-and-error fittings to correct garment fit and while 3D technologies have gone far to automate fitting workflows, an inability to quantify body shape continues to plague automation integration. This paper explains why traditional methods of relating anthropometry to a 2D pattern are the root cause of poor garment fit and presents a solution for mathematically quantifying both body shape and garment fit. With an eye towards mass garment customization, and the theory that any pattern should be customizable for any human shape, theories on the relationship of 1D anthropometry and 2D block pattern were continuously re-trialed and honed over a thirty-year bespoke garment design/patter-making career. The methods presented were developed by combining common practices of triangulated pattern development with fabric draping and origami. A novel method of pattern block making was developed and found to be effective for accurate replication of body shape. Testing of the Clone Block TM proved successful for both men and women of a variety of sizes, making it gender neutral and well suited to automation. Landmarking and measuring requirements are mostly within the boundaries of ISO standards with a few novel requirements. While time intensive for hand measuring, the process is well suited for scanned measurement data and virtual environments. The Clone Block TM offers a critical assessment of body shape for automated garment fit, improved virtual size selection, more realistic virtual fittings, the optimizing of twin avatars to clones, and mass garment customization.
{"title":"Landmarking and Measuring for Critical Body Shape Analysis Targeting Garment Fit","authors":"Emma Scott, A. Sayem","doi":"10.15221/18.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.222","url":null,"abstract":"Industry 4.0 points to manufacturing that embraces both automation and customization yet apparel industries continue to be inhibited by the necessity for trial-and-error fittings to correct garment fit and while 3D technologies have gone far to automate fitting workflows, an inability to quantify body shape continues to plague automation integration. This paper explains why traditional methods of relating anthropometry to a 2D pattern are the root cause of poor garment fit and presents a solution for mathematically quantifying both body shape and garment fit. With an eye towards mass garment customization, and the theory that any pattern should be customizable for any human shape, theories on the relationship of 1D anthropometry and 2D block pattern were continuously re-trialed and honed over a thirty-year bespoke garment design/patter-making career. The methods presented were developed by combining common practices of triangulated pattern development with fabric draping and origami. A novel method of pattern block making was developed and found to be effective for accurate replication of body shape. Testing of the Clone Block TM proved successful for both men and women of a variety of sizes, making it gender neutral and well suited to automation. Landmarking and measuring requirements are mostly within the boundaries of ISO standards with a few novel requirements. While time intensive for hand measuring, the process is well suited for scanned measurement data and virtual environments. The Clone Block TM offers a critical assessment of body shape for automated garment fit, improved virtual size selection, more realistic virtual fittings, the optimizing of twin avatars to clones, and mass garment customization.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129032397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The definition of 3D Finite Element (FE) volume models of female torso requires geometry information of naked surface and material properties of human tissues. Analog methods determining breast volume by water immersion of breast or plaster casts are still referred to as gold standard [1]. However, the human body surface is nowadays digitized by 3D scanners, which have become handy and affordable in the last years [2,3]. The term segmentation describes the strategy for separating breast tissue region from 3D surface scans of the female thorax. Different segmentation strategies are proposed in literature, either by outline definition [3,4,5,6] or by creating a parametric surface (Coons patch) from boundary curves using fiducial points [1,4]. The volume between breast base (artificial chest wall) and skin surface forms breast volume. In this study, 59 participants (19 to 67 years, bra size 75B to 95G) were scanned with a low-cost hand-held 1 generation Sense 3D scanner (3D Systems Inc., Rock Hill, SC, USA) in two different positions: standing upright on a turntable and lying on the back (supine), both with the palms of their hands resting on the anterior superior iliac spine. The supine position increases the visibility of the inframammary fold, a common problem especially in ptotic breasts [7]. The breast outline was marked with skin marker. From the 3D scan data in *.ply file format containing geometric and color information, triangular elements representing breast tissue and other regions were selected in open source software Blender 2.79b [8]. All selected regions were exported separately as *.stl files for further data processing in FE pre-processor Patran 2014.1 (MSC.Software Corporation, Santa Ana, CA, USA), where breast base was created and breast volume was calculated. Breast volume was compared to bra size and sister size groups, respectively, which usually shows relatively low accordance [9], indicating the importance of application and market specific determination of breast shape and volume.
女性躯干三维有限元体积模型的定义需要裸露表面的几何信息和人体组织的材料特性。通过乳房浸水或石膏模型测定乳房体积的类似方法仍被认为是金标准[1]。然而，如今人体表面被3D扫描仪数字化，在过去的几年里，它变得方便和负担得起[2,3]。术语分割描述了从女性胸部的3D表面扫描中分离乳房组织区域的策略。文献中提出了不同的分割策略，要么通过轮廓定义[3,4,5,6]，要么通过使用基准点从边界曲线创建参数曲面(Coons patch)[1,4]。乳房基底(人造胸壁)与皮肤表面之间的体积构成乳房体积。在这项研究中，59名参与者(19至67岁，胸罩尺码75B至95G)被低成本的1代手持式Sense 3D扫描仪(3D Systems Inc.， Rock Hill, SC, USA)以两种不同的姿势进行扫描:在转盘上直立站立和仰卧躺下，手掌放在髂前上棘上。仰卧位增加了乳下褶的可见性，这是一个常见的问题，尤其是在上睑下垂的乳房中[7]。用皮肤记号笔标出乳房轮廓。从*中的3D扫描数据。在开源软件Blender 2.79b[8]中选择包含几何和颜色信息的ply文件格式，代表乳腺组织等区域的三角形元素。所有选择的区域分别导出为*。用于FE预处理器Patran 2014.1 (MSC)中进一步数据处理的stl文件。软件公司，Santa Ana, CA, USA)，在那里创建乳房基础并计算乳房体积。乳房体积分别与胸罩尺寸和姐妹尺寸组进行比较，一致性通常较低[9]，说明乳房形状和体积的应用和市场特异性确定的重要性。
{"title":"Breast Segmentation Procedure from Upper Body 3D Scans Using Open Source Software Blender","authors":"M. Haßmann, Jacqueline Dastl, W. Krach","doi":"10.15221/18.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.207","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of 3D Finite Element (FE) volume models of female torso requires geometry information of naked surface and material properties of human tissues. Analog methods determining breast volume by water immersion of breast or plaster casts are still referred to as gold standard [1]. However, the human body surface is nowadays digitized by 3D scanners, which have become handy and affordable in the last years [2,3]. The term segmentation describes the strategy for separating breast tissue region from 3D surface scans of the female thorax. Different segmentation strategies are proposed in literature, either by outline definition [3,4,5,6] or by creating a parametric surface (Coons patch) from boundary curves using fiducial points [1,4]. The volume between breast base (artificial chest wall) and skin surface forms breast volume. In this study, 59 participants (19 to 67 years, bra size 75B to 95G) were scanned with a low-cost hand-held 1 generation Sense 3D scanner (3D Systems Inc., Rock Hill, SC, USA) in two different positions: standing upright on a turntable and lying on the back (supine), both with the palms of their hands resting on the anterior superior iliac spine. The supine position increases the visibility of the inframammary fold, a common problem especially in ptotic breasts [7]. The breast outline was marked with skin marker. From the 3D scan data in *.ply file format containing geometric and color information, triangular elements representing breast tissue and other regions were selected in open source software Blender 2.79b [8]. All selected regions were exported separately as *.stl files for further data processing in FE pre-processor Patran 2014.1 (MSC.Software Corporation, Santa Ana, CA, USA), where breast base was created and breast volume was calculated. Breast volume was compared to bra size and sister size groups, respectively, which usually shows relatively low accordance [9], indicating the importance of application and market specific determination of breast shape and volume.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117232424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional hand anthropometric studies are missing several key measurements that are important to designing products and tools for the hand. Specific anthropometric hand data important for hand product design such as gloves include finger lengths, crotch depths, palm and padding, back of hand, and wrist opening; these measurements can improve dexterity, gripping, hand entry, adduction, abduction, squeezing, etc. in the design. The purpose of this paper was to develop a process and special considerations for 3D hand scanning that could help guide future researchers when conducting more robust 3D anthropometric studies for the hand, as related to product design. Over the course of two years, the authors of this paper have developed and refined a process considerations model for 3D hand scanning. The model was developed based on three previous 3D hand scanning studies and over 200 subjects’ hand scans. The process considers the subject and population, the 3D technology, landmark methods, hand scanning positions, the scanning research design, scan analysis, and methods of hand-product visualization using 3D hand data. As technology improves, our processes for collecting data need to adapt. New 3D scanning technology enables a more robust collection of anthropometric, ergonomic, and design data for the hand. Future 3D hand anthropometric data and design research will have a profound impact on future glove and tool design for a range of fields and consumers. The application of the 3D hand scanning process considerations model will enable innovative anthropometric and ergonomic research for the hand to occur, and will ensure the collection of accurate and reliable 3D hand data.
{"title":"Process Considerations in 3D Hand Anthropometric Data Collection","authors":"Linsey Griffin, Susan L. Sokolowski","doi":"10.15221/18.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.123","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional hand anthropometric studies are missing several key measurements that are important to designing products and tools for the hand. Specific anthropometric hand data important for hand product design such as gloves include finger lengths, crotch depths, palm and padding, back of hand, and wrist opening; these measurements can improve dexterity, gripping, hand entry, adduction, abduction, squeezing, etc. in the design. The purpose of this paper was to develop a process and special considerations for 3D hand scanning that could help guide future researchers when conducting more robust 3D anthropometric studies for the hand, as related to product design. Over the course of two years, the authors of this paper have developed and refined a process considerations model for 3D hand scanning. The model was developed based on three previous 3D hand scanning studies and over 200 subjects’ hand scans. The process considers the subject and population, the 3D technology, landmark methods, hand scanning positions, the scanning research design, scan analysis, and methods of hand-product visualization using 3D hand data. As technology improves, our processes for collecting data need to adapt. New 3D scanning technology enables a more robust collection of anthropometric, ergonomic, and design data for the hand. Future 3D hand anthropometric data and design research will have a profound impact on future glove and tool design for a range of fields and consumers. The application of the 3D hand scanning process considerations model will enable innovative anthropometric and ergonomic research for the hand to occur, and will ensure the collection of accurate and reliable 3D hand data.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134491928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deleted DOI 091","authors":"D. Doi","doi":"10.15221/18.091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.091","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125181429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waist girth is widely accepted as a simple anthropometric indicator of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risks. The aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of breathing cycle on the magnitude and anatomic measurement sites for waist girth using Hamamatsu 3D scanning. A sample of healthy adult volunteers (75 males and 36 females; age 27.8±7.5y and 23.6±4.2y respectively) participated in the study. Each wore form-fitting clothing (a swim cap, swimwear or lycra shorts and a sports top for women) which exposed the waist region. Each participant was scanned using a Hamamatsu BLS 9036 fixed scanner (Hamamatsu Photonics, UK) in three different phases of breathing cycle: end tidal (T), inspired (I) and expired (E); and in a scanner posture (SP) with arms and legs abducted. Acquired scans were analysed using the system’s software (Body Line Manager Version 1.3). The effect of the breathing cycle on waist girth had the highest mean value at T (72.0 and 83.9 cm) in females and males, respectively and least mean value at E (70.9 for female and 81.9 cm for male). Adopting the scanner position resulted in a mean value of 70.5 cm and 82.9 cm for female and male respectively. At I, breathing cycle also altered waist girth significantly from the value obtained at end tidal (P<0.05) in females but yielded no difference in males (P>0.05). The anatomic measurement site for minimum waist girth had the highest vertical location at E (115.0 and 106.4 cm) for male and female respectively, the least at I (112.9 and 105.0 cm) for males and females respectively (P<0.05). In the scanner position end tidal the height level was at 114.7 cm and 105.1 cm for males and females, respectively. Breathing cycle and posture affect measurement value and anatomic measurement site of waist girth.
腰围被广泛认为是代谢和心血管疾病风险的简单人体测量指标。本研究的目的是利用滨松三维扫描技术评估呼吸周期对腰围大小和解剖测量部位的影响。健康成年志愿者样本(75名男性和36名女性;年龄分别为27.8±7.5岁和23.6±4.2岁。每个人都穿着合身的衣服(游泳帽、泳装或莱卡短裤，以及女性的运动上衣)，露出腰部。每个参与者使用Hamamatsu BLS 9036固定扫描仪(Hamamatsu Photonics, UK)在三个不同的呼吸周期阶段进行扫描:末潮(T)，吸气(I)和呼气(E);以及手臂和腿被绑架的扫描仪姿势(SP)。使用系统软件(Body Line Manager Version 1.3)分析获得的扫描。呼吸循环对腰围的影响在T和E的平均值最大(分别为72.0和83.9 cm)，在E的平均值最小(女性70.9和男性81.9 cm)。采用扫描仪位置，女性和男性的平均值分别为70.5 cm和82.9 cm。在I时，呼吸周期与末潮值相比也显著改变了腰围(P0.05)。男性和女性最小腰围解剖测量部位垂直位置最高分别为E(115.0和106.4 cm)，男性和女性最低分别为I(112.9和105.0 cm) (P<0.05)。扫描位置尾潮高度水平男性为114.7 cm，女性为105.1 cm。呼吸周期和体位影响腰围的测量值和解剖测量部位。
{"title":"Breathing Cycle and Posture Affect Magnitude and Anatomic Measurement Site of Waist Girth in Healthy Adults: An Insight from 3D Scanning","authors":"C. Njoku, A. Stewart","doi":"10.15221/18.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.190","url":null,"abstract":"Waist girth is widely accepted as a simple anthropometric indicator of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risks. The aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of breathing cycle on the magnitude and anatomic measurement sites for waist girth using Hamamatsu 3D scanning. A sample of healthy adult volunteers (75 males and 36 females; age 27.8±7.5y and 23.6±4.2y respectively) participated in the study. Each wore form-fitting clothing (a swim cap, swimwear or lycra shorts and a sports top for women) which exposed the waist region. Each participant was scanned using a Hamamatsu BLS 9036 fixed scanner (Hamamatsu Photonics, UK) in three different phases of breathing cycle: end tidal (T), inspired (I) and expired (E); and in a scanner posture (SP) with arms and legs abducted. Acquired scans were analysed using the system’s software (Body Line Manager Version 1.3). The effect of the breathing cycle on waist girth had the highest mean value at T (72.0 and 83.9 cm) in females and males, respectively and least mean value at E (70.9 for female and 81.9 cm for male). Adopting the scanner position resulted in a mean value of 70.5 cm and 82.9 cm for female and male respectively. At I, breathing cycle also altered waist girth significantly from the value obtained at end tidal (P<0.05) in females but yielded no difference in males (P>0.05). The anatomic measurement site for minimum waist girth had the highest vertical location at E (115.0 and 106.4 cm) for male and female respectively, the least at I (112.9 and 105.0 cm) for males and females respectively (P<0.05). In the scanner position end tidal the height level was at 114.7 cm and 105.1 cm for males and females, respectively. Breathing cycle and posture affect measurement value and anatomic measurement site of waist girth.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126118052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe the first end-to-end system, called VitalFit, for predicting the fit of close-to-body garments using soft body avatars. Soft body avatars may be constructed by registering our VitalBody template to existing rigid avatars, or directly to 3D body scans. The resulting soft avatar includes a tetrahedral mesh and soft tissue material properties that may be numerically simulated using the finite element method (FEM). Designers, fit specialists, and pattern engineers may create virtual garments and evaluate fit using VitalFit DX, a plugin for Adobe Illustrator®. Users can import existing patterns or create them anew, and modify the patterns using the familiar tools in Adobe Illustrator®. In VitalFit the garment and body are simulated together, with two-way coupling of forces and displacements. This allows us to predict how human soft tissues deform in contact with the garment. We can also predict stresses and strains in both garment and body. VitalFit can simulate the coupled dynamics of soft tissues and garment, during running and other activities of daily living. These new tools can be used to predict not only static fit, but also how a garment may function in real life.
{"title":"Fitting Close-to-Body Garments with 3D Soft Body Avatars","authors":"Darcy Harrison, Ye Fan, Egor Larionov, D. Pai","doi":"10.15221/18.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.184","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the first end-to-end system, called VitalFit, for predicting the fit of close-to-body garments using soft body avatars. Soft body avatars may be constructed by registering our VitalBody template to existing rigid avatars, or directly to 3D body scans. The resulting soft avatar includes a tetrahedral mesh and soft tissue material properties that may be numerically simulated using the finite element method (FEM). Designers, fit specialists, and pattern engineers may create virtual garments and evaluate fit using VitalFit DX, a plugin for Adobe Illustrator®. Users can import existing patterns or create them anew, and modify the patterns using the familiar tools in Adobe Illustrator®. In VitalFit the garment and body are simulated together, with two-way coupling of forces and displacements. This allows us to predict how human soft tissues deform in contact with the garment. We can also predict stresses and strains in both garment and body. VitalFit can simulate the coupled dynamics of soft tissues and garment, during running and other activities of daily living. These new tools can be used to predict not only static fit, but also how a garment may function in real life.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129504600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using laser-based 3D body scanners in elite sports may offer a decisive advantage with respect to individual motion optimization and training. In the following, a brief overview of various applications of 3D body scanning in elite sports will be given as employed at the Institute for Applied Training Science. In many artistic sports, such as figure skating, gymnastics or diving, high rotation speeds for twists and somersaults are required for successful competition performance. To achieve those high angular velocities in air, athletes must adopt minimal moments of inertia (MOI) with respect to the rotational axis. 3D body scanners can easily be used to measure MOI and detect even small changes between different individual postures. Thus, optimal individual rotation positions for twists and somersaults can be determined. Five straight positions and four tucked positions were compared with respect to their MOI around the longitudinal and mediolateral axes, respectively. Compared to the standard up-right standing position, we were able to show that a straight position with forearms crossed in front of the chest yields a 12 % smaller MOI for the longitudinal axis. Regarding the mediolateral axis, a face-down tucked position generates an up to 30 % smaller MOI than a face-up tucked position. Moreover, for figure skating not only an optimal arm position but also closing the knees and twisting the shoulder and hip portions contribute to a significant decrease in MOI. In ski jumping and snowboard cross, on the other hand, minimal aerial drag is a key performance factor. Employing 3D body scanner measurements there, aerodynamically unsuitable clothing can be identified. For ski jumping, 3D scans can also be used to reveal disadvantageous in-run postures, e.g. too big knee angles or aerodynamically suboptimal head, back or hand positions. Finally, anthropometric data of athletes as derived from body scanner measurements are also used for purposes of motion analysis and biomechanical simulations.
{"title":"Using the 3D Body Scanner in Elite Sports","authors":"A. Schueler, I. Fichtner, Olaf Ueberschaer","doi":"10.15221/18.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.216","url":null,"abstract":"Using laser-based 3D body scanners in elite sports may offer a decisive advantage with respect to individual motion optimization and training. In the following, a brief overview of various applications of 3D body scanning in elite sports will be given as employed at the Institute for Applied Training Science. In many artistic sports, such as figure skating, gymnastics or diving, high rotation speeds for twists and somersaults are required for successful competition performance. To achieve those high angular velocities in air, athletes must adopt minimal moments of inertia (MOI) with respect to the rotational axis. 3D body scanners can easily be used to measure MOI and detect even small changes between different individual postures. Thus, optimal individual rotation positions for twists and somersaults can be determined. Five straight positions and four tucked positions were compared with respect to their MOI around the longitudinal and mediolateral axes, respectively. Compared to the standard up-right standing position, we were able to show that a straight position with forearms crossed in front of the chest yields a 12 % smaller MOI for the longitudinal axis. Regarding the mediolateral axis, a face-down tucked position generates an up to 30 % smaller MOI than a face-up tucked position. Moreover, for figure skating not only an optimal arm position but also closing the knees and twisting the shoulder and hip portions contribute to a significant decrease in MOI. In ski jumping and snowboard cross, on the other hand, minimal aerial drag is a key performance factor. Employing 3D body scanner measurements there, aerodynamically unsuitable clothing can be identified. For ski jumping, 3D scans can also be used to reveal disadvantageous in-run postures, e.g. too big knee angles or aerodynamically suboptimal head, back or hand positions. Finally, anthropometric data of athletes as derived from body scanner measurements are also used for purposes of motion analysis and biomechanical simulations.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131572474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Validation through prototypes is of fundamental importance in the new products development process. This procedure, common in industry, allows to speed processes, validating design, checking errors, identifying changes and observing new potential solutions. Also in academic environment, prototyping is used in activities related to the teaching of clothing pattern design. This procedure allows student to materialize ideas, providing tangible support for discussion, facilitating dialogue with teacher and visualizing the improvements throughout the process. The use of 3D CAD systems as prototyping tools is widely used in professional and academic environment. This promotes support for the development of engineering projects, namely mechanical engineering and in some segments in product design, such as furniture, electronics and others. The use of 3D CAD tools in apparel design has shown growth, but still resilient. Being the simulation of textile structures and virtual prototyping in 3D objects its main applications in this sector. However, 3D CAD systems present a high potential for the practice of design and fashion teaching. This paper documents the use of a virtual prototyping experience, in the development and evaluation, of the pattern design process of a functional garment, in an academic environment, referring the main benefits and disadvantages identified during the study, from the perspectives of student and teacher, relating them to the development and validation of traditional pattern-making methods.
{"title":"Virtual Prototype of Clothing in Academic Environment","authors":"R. Boldt, M. Carvalho","doi":"10.15221/18.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.257","url":null,"abstract":"Validation through prototypes is of fundamental importance in the new products development process. This procedure, common in industry, allows to speed processes, validating design, checking errors, identifying changes and observing new potential solutions. Also in academic environment, prototyping is used in activities related to the teaching of clothing pattern design. This procedure allows student to materialize ideas, providing tangible support for discussion, facilitating dialogue with teacher and visualizing the improvements throughout the process. The use of 3D CAD systems as prototyping tools is widely used in professional and academic environment. This promotes support for the development of engineering projects, namely mechanical engineering and in some segments in product design, such as furniture, electronics and others. The use of 3D CAD tools in apparel design has shown growth, but still resilient. Being the simulation of textile structures and virtual prototyping in 3D objects its main applications in this sector. However, 3D CAD systems present a high potential for the practice of design and fashion teaching. This paper documents the use of a virtual prototyping experience, in the development and evaluation, of the pattern design process of a functional garment, in an academic environment, referring the main benefits and disadvantages identified during the study, from the perspectives of student and teacher, relating them to the development and validation of traditional pattern-making methods.","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123295322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Max Thalmeier, K. Lam, Max Schnaubelt, Felix Gundlack
In the medical field, 3D-technology enables the creation of individualized medical devices that are tailored to perfectly fit the patient's anatomy. After the acquisition of the patient’s 3D-scan, the data needs to be processed before it can be used to design medical devices. Two of the biggest challenges in processing the 3D-data are patient posture and scan quality, where surface information is distorted by noise or foreign bodies. Automatic patient posture correction can be done in numerous ways, but utilizing a generic template model has several advantages. First of all, the template posture can be set to a particular position by the user, reflecting the therapy administered beforehand. The patient scan will then simply match the posture of the model. Additionally, the position of anatomical features of the patient scan can easily be identified with the help of the template model. Another issue needed to overcome is alternating scan quality, which can dramatically decrease the ability to closely fit an orthopedic aid to the patient scan. With the help of machine learning via statistical shape models (SSM), an algorithm can be trained from a dataset of 3D-scans to reconstruct the mesh without affecting the geometrical features of the patient. Afterwards, the repaired and corrected scan can be used to design and print a custom-made orthopedic aid such as an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO).
{"title":"Processing 3D Scans Using Statistical Shape Analysis and Automatic Pose Correction for Subsequent Orthosis Fitting","authors":"Max Thalmeier, K. Lam, Max Schnaubelt, Felix Gundlack","doi":"10.15221/18.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.010","url":null,"abstract":"In the medical field, 3D-technology enables the creation of individualized medical devices that are tailored to perfectly fit the patient's anatomy. After the acquisition of the patient’s 3D-scan, the data needs to be processed before it can be used to design medical devices. Two of the biggest challenges in processing the 3D-data are patient posture and scan quality, where surface information is distorted by noise or foreign bodies. Automatic patient posture correction can be done in numerous ways, but utilizing a generic template model has several advantages. First of all, the template posture can be set to a particular position by the user, reflecting the therapy administered beforehand. The patient scan will then simply match the posture of the model. Additionally, the position of anatomical features of the patient scan can easily be identified with the help of the template model. Another issue needed to overcome is alternating scan quality, which can dramatically decrease the ability to closely fit an orthopedic aid to the patient scan. With the help of machine learning via statistical shape models (SSM), an algorithm can be trained from a dataset of 3D-scans to reconstruct the mesh without affecting the geometrical features of the patient. Afterwards, the repaired and corrected scan can be used to design and print a custom-made orthopedic aid such as an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO).","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125535253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carol McDonald, A. Ballester, Randy K. Rannow, M. Fedyukov, S. Sokolowski
{"title":"Working Group Progress for IEEE P3141 - Standard for 3D Body Processing, 2017-2018","authors":"Carol McDonald, A. Ballester, Randy K. Rannow, M. Fedyukov, S. Sokolowski","doi":"10.15221/18.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15221/18.177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416022,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123400210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH 2018 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition on 3D Body Scanning and Processing Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 16-17 Oct. 2018
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：