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Code-Switching and Accents in Diasporic Multiethnic Literature in Min-Jin Lee’s Free Food for Millionaires and Lisa See’s The Island of Sea Women 李敏珍的《百万富翁免费食物》和邝丽莎的《海女之岛》中散居多民族文学中的语码转换和口音
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2023.02.13.1.102
Set-Byul Moon
This article examines the literary representation of codeswitching and various accents between Korean and English in two minority women writers’ fictional territory portraying Korean American characters. Min-Jin Lee’s Free Food for Millionaires and Lisa See’s The Island of Sea Women center around the lives of Korean American women who speak English as a primary language and Korean as a home language or heritage language. The characters’ idea of Korea and “Koreanness” mostly manifests in their identity formation, rather than in their linguistic proficiency or a sense of belonging. Heavily related to the language proficiency and identity of Koreanness, the Korean American protagonists alternate between the languages and accents in linguistic repertoire deeply rooted in sociocultural practices that reflect the concept of diaspora and one’s diasporic identity. Their strategic code-switching signifies how one’s diasporic, immigrant identity affects one’s choice of speech that meticulously synthesizes social values, cultural norms, and ethnic/racial belief systems not only emblematic of mainstream American society but also of a minority community as well.
本文探讨了在两位少数民族女作家虚构的韩裔美国人的小说领域中,韩语和英语之间的代码转换和各种口音的文学表现。李敏珍(Min-Jin Lee)的《给百万富翁的免费食物》和丽莎·西(Lisa See)的《海女之岛》围绕着以英语为母语、以韩语为母语或传统语言的韩裔美国女性的生活展开。人物的韩国观念和“韩国性”主要表现在他们的身份形成上,而不是他们的语言能力或归属感。与语言能力和韩国身份密切相关的是,韩裔美国人的主角们在深深植根于社会文化实践的语言和口音之间交替,这些实践反映了散居的概念和一个人的散居身份。他们的战略语码转换表明,一个人的散居、移民身份如何影响一个人的语言选择,这种选择精心地综合了社会价值观、文化规范和民族/种族信仰体系,这些不仅是美国主流社会的象征,也是少数族裔社区的象征。
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引用次数: 0
The Multilayered Construction of Modern Mountain Tourism and Mt. Jiri Tourism Space: From 1920s to the 1960s 现代山地旅游的多层次构建与智异山旅游空间——从20世纪20年代到60年代
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2023.02.13.1.5
Jiyoung Kim
This study examines the multi-layered construction of the tourism space of Mt. Jiri by tracing how various actors spatially constructed both tourism in Mt. Jiri (starting in the 1920s) as well as the designation of Jirisan National Park in 1967. Modern tourism was introduced to Mt. Jiri in the 1920s, and Mt. Jiri tourism took shape between the mid-1930s and the late 1940s. As mountaineering resumed in the mid-1950s after the Yeosu-Suncheon Rebellion and the Korean War, the foundation for full-scale mountain tourism was laid. The Corea Alpine Club (CAC) and scholars’ academic research played a significant role in driving mountaineering movements, complemented by the development of hiking trails by Gurye Yeonhaban, an alpine club in the area of Mt. Jiri. By the late 1960s, Jirisan became a major travel destination, due in part to the publication of mountaineering magazines, mountaineering movements supported by the CAC and the Chosun Ilbo, and the designation of Jirisan National Park in 1967.
本研究透过追踪各种行动者如何建构智异山旅游空间(始于1920年代),以及1967年智异山国家公园的指定,来检视智异山旅游空间的多层次建构。现代旅游在20世纪20年代被引入智异山,智异山旅游在30年代中期到40年代末之间形成。▷在丽水顺天事变和6•25战争后的50年代中期,随着登山运动的恢复,为全面开展山地旅游奠定了基础。韩国高山俱乐部(CAC)和学者们的学术研究在推动登山运动方面发挥了重要作用,智异山地区高山俱乐部九溪延哈班(音译)的登山路线开发也起到了辅助作用。到20世纪60年代末,由于登山杂志的出版、大韩登山协会和《朝鲜日报》支持的登山运动、1967年被指定为智异山国立公园,智异山成为了主要的旅游目的地。
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引用次数: 0
The Narratives of Mobility in Literary Texts : Three Types of Novels in Korea and Japan 文学文本中的流动叙事:韩国和日本的三种小说类型
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2023.02.13.1.125
I. Shin, Jooyoung Kim
This paper focuses on how the narrative technique relates to mobility in Korean and Japanese literature. In general, pure, diaspora, and multicultural literature are heavily armed with ideological foundations and premised on being read on their own terms. However, what commonalities and differences in these thematic areas would arise if the motif of mobility supplanted other interpretive modes in the novels? This study analyzes how the mobile subject shaped the characteristics of each era through movement. It aims to refine the reading of modern novels aimed at establishing the modernity of the subject, diaspora novels in the Cold War era, and novels in the 2000s characterized by the theme of multiculturalism. Thus, this paper pointed out that the establishment of modern novels was triggered by movement and then examined how the lives of the diaspora in the Cold War era were narrated from the ethical point of view of mobility. Furthermore, the multicultural situation of globalism further amplified this phenomenon after the Cold War.
本文主要探讨韩国和日本文学中叙事技巧与流动性的关系。一般来说,纯文学、散居文学和多元文化文学都有很强的意识形态基础,并以按自己的方式阅读为前提。然而,如果流动的母题取代了小说中的其他解释模式,这些主题领域又会产生哪些共性和差异呢?本研究分析了移动主体是如何通过运动塑造每个时代的特征。以确立主体现代性为目的的现代小说、冷战时期的散居小说、2000年代以多元文化为主题的小说为对象,对其进行精细化阅读。因此,本文指出现代小说的建立是由运动引发的,并从流动的伦理角度考察了冷战时期流散者的生活是如何被叙述的。此外,冷战后全球主义的多元文化状况进一步放大了这一现象。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Potentials Proposed by the Study on Tourism Space and Post-Tourism in Diaspora Era 导言:散居者时代的旅游空间和后旅游研究提出的潜力
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2023.02.13.1.1
Eun-hye Choung
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Mobility, Community and Ethics 导言:流动性、社区和伦理
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.1
Myung-Ju Yang
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引用次数: 0
Before Entering Games: The Base and Accessibility of Games 在进入游戏之前:游戏的基础和易用性
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.103
L. Park
Virtual reality is often considered a space independent of reality. A typical example of virtual reality is digital games. However, digital games can only run when there is a machine with an electrical signal. In addition, space for the machine to be installed is also essential. Until now, game studies have mainly dealt with the inside of the game based on the media attributes of the game. The outside of the game, for example, space or machines that form the physical foundation, has not received much attention. Before talking about the process of entering the game, discussions have already begun since accessing virtual reality. This study aims to showcase the barriers to entry in the game culture that is considered open to everyone and to urge research interest. We have chosen this approach as if we only discuss the difficulties after entering the game without imagining the process that has taken place beforehand, it will be difficult to see the inequality. Gaming is also a mobility phenomenon because it moves from reality to virtual reality. Kaufmann’s concept of motility is used as the theoretical background to explore this problem. By collecting and reading various previous studies such as mobility infrastructure, the digital divide, and the context of domestication of game consoles, this research aims to reveal the realistic conditions of virtual reality considered transparent today.
虚拟现实通常被认为是一个独立于现实的空间。虚拟现实的一个典型例子是数字游戏。然而,数字游戏只有在有电子信号的机器时才能运行。此外,安装机器的空间也是必不可少的。到目前为止,游戏研究主要是基于游戏的媒介属性来研究游戏的内部。游戏的外部,例如构成物理基础的空间或机器,并没有受到太多关注。在谈论进入游戏的过程之前,自从进入虚拟现实以来,已经开始了讨论。这项研究的目的是展示对所有人开放的游戏文化的准入障碍,并激发研究兴趣。我们之所以选择这种方法,是因为如果我们只在进入游戏后讨论困难,而不去想象之前发生的过程,那么就很难看到不平等。游戏也是一种移动性现象,因为它可以从现实移动到虚拟现实。本文以考夫曼的能动性概念为理论背景来探讨这一问题。通过收集和阅读各种先前的研究,如移动基础设施、数字鸿沟和游戏机驯化的背景,本研究旨在揭示当今被认为是透明的虚拟现实的现实条件。
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引用次数: 0
Redevelopment Mobility Dispositif, the Gwangju Complex Incident, and The Man Left as Nine Pairs of Shoes 《再开发流动性处置》、《光州复杂事件》、《作为九双鞋离开的人》
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.76
Yeong-Chan Choe
The purpose of this article is to explore the interrelationship between mobility and unequal power relations by analyzing the Gwangju Complex Incident, which was centered on the placeness of Seongnam, in the framework of a mobility dispositif. When we confine the center of meaning to a place, we are apt to pass the heart of events. Mobility is another foundation of existence that is no less than a place. Like place mobility produces a meaning, and a meaning affects a representation. And this representation again affects the interpretation of a meaning. Yoon Heung-gil’s The Man Left as Nine Pairs of Shoes, the most wellknown among the literary representations that embody the Gwangju Complex Incident, organized the incident into a literary text and gave the incident a narrative. Therefore, this novel can be said to be another actor who has had a great influence on the way of understanding the Gwangju Complex Incident. Above all, The Man Left as Nine Pairs of Shoes is a novel that exquisitely captures the multi-layered mobility dispositif of the Gwangju Complex Incident. The unequal power relations and multilayered elements lying on the horizon of the Gwangju Grand Complex incident are refered to as as redevelopment mobility dispositif. The analysis of The Man Left as Nine Pairs of Shoes reveals a contingent necessity of the Gwangju Complex Incident by illuminating the interrelationship between mobility and power.
本文的目的是通过分析以城南地性为中心的光州复杂事件,在流动性配置的框架下,探讨流动性与不平等权力关系之间的相互关系。当我们把意义的中心局限在一个地方时,我们就容易忽略了事件的核心。流动性是存在的另一个基础,它不亚于一个地方。就像地点移动性产生意义,而意义影响表征。这种表征也会影响对意义的解释。在反映光州复杂事件的文学作品中,最有名的是尹兴吉的《留下九双鞋的人》,他将这一事件组织成文学文本,并叙述了这一事件。因此,这部小说可以说是对理解光州复杂事件的方式产生重大影响的另一位演员。最重要的是,《作为九双鞋离开的人》是一部细腻地捕捉光州复杂事件多层次流动性特质的小说。不平等的权力关系和位于光州大建筑群事件地平线上的多层元素被称为再开发流动性。《作为九双鞋离开的人》的分析,通过阐释流动性与权力的相互关系,揭示了光州复杂事件的偶然必然性。
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引用次数: 0
Yongsan, Pig Poop and Apartments 龙山,猪粪和公寓
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.51
Gemini Kim
South Korea experienced rapid change and development before and after WWII. As cities grow bigger, ‘smelly facilities’ which were initially located in suburban areas, had to move away from cities, one after another. This research follows two facilities: Yongsan machine factories, and pig farms typically run by Hansen’s disease patients. Industrial Yongsan appeared around the 1910s during the Japanese occupation until the factory relocation plan started in the 1970s under the regime of President Park Chung-hee. From a suburban area, Yongsan became the center of Seoul. It shows that neighbors are qualified and welcome to stay in the city by its factory relocation plan. Small cities also grew bigger and so-called ‘Innovation Cities’ were built in 10 different areas of South Korea. From early 2010, newly located innovation cities confronted the ‘smelly pig farm’ right in front of them and the conflict began between residents. This article argues what mobility justice challenges when citizens want to choose their ‘right’ neighbors and follows who makes the decision of one’s mobility.
韩国在二战前后经历了快速的变化和发展。随着城市规模的扩大,原本位于郊区的“臭设施”不得不陆续搬离城市。这项研究调查了两个设施:龙山机械工厂和汉森病患者经营的养猪场。产业龙山是在日本帝国主义强占时期的20世纪10年代左右出现的,直到朴正熙政府时期的70年代开始了工厂迁移计划。龙山从郊区变成了首尔的中心。它通过工厂搬迁计划表明,邻居们有资格并欢迎留在这座城市。小城市的规模也在扩大,在韩国的10个不同地区建立了所谓的“创新城市”。从2010年初开始,新设的创新城市就在他们面前面对“臭猪场”,居民之间的冲突开始了。本文讨论了当公民想要选择“合适的”邻居时,流动性正义所挑战的问题,并讨论了谁来决定一个人的流动性。
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引用次数: 0
Socio-Cultural Traits and Gender Elements: An Analysis through Indian Diaspora in Germany 社会文化特征与性别因素:以旅居德国的印度人为例分析
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.175
Maya Subrahmanian
What makes a culture and what are the cultural traits identified by people are important questions to be developed more within diaspora studies. This article proposes a critical inquiry into the ways of defining socio-cultural traits through the discussions with Indian diaspora living in the context of Western culture. It suggests hypothesis that there is a possibility of hybrid cultures between the Eastern and Western. The ontological status of being ‘Indian’ would be different while living in India and abroad, and the cultural ontology in those subject positions would also vary to produce hybrid cultures. Theories of migration, culture and gender constitute a background and framework in this study. Reflections on cultural identity and cultural traits are obtained in this study through direct interviews with diaspora Indians living in Germany. In this process of analyses, the methodology of gender is adopted along with other methods of qualitative research to see how the socio-cultural perspectives change after migration to Western cultures, and how those are different among men and women. The preliminary argument derived in this article is that cultural traits can be traced in aspects of people’s daily life, but not only through dominant art forms, literature or historical monuments. It is done with a critical perspective on the existing dominant methods of defining culture. This study has a critic on existing methodologies that are Eurocentric, male-centric and neglecting the individual and mundane experiences of people who live in varied cultural contexts with complex cultural identities.
是什么构成了一种文化,人们所认同的文化特征是什么,这些都是在散居研究中需要进一步发展的重要问题。本文通过与生活在西方文化背景下的印度侨民的讨论,对社会文化特征的定义方式进行了批判性的探讨。它提出了一种假设,即东西方文化之间可能存在杂交文化。当生活在印度和国外时,作为“印度人”的本体论地位会有所不同,而这些主体位置上的文化本体论也会有所不同,从而产生混合文化。移民理论、文化理论和性别理论构成了本研究的背景和框架。本研究通过对旅居德国的印度侨民的直接访谈,获得对文化认同和文化特质的思考。在这一分析过程中,采用了性别方法论和其他定性研究方法,以了解移民到西方文化后社会文化视角的变化,以及男性和女性之间的差异。本文得出的初步论点是,文化特征可以在人们日常生活的各个方面进行追溯,而不仅仅是通过主要的艺术形式、文学或历史纪念碑。它是以一种批判性的视角来看待现有的主流文化定义方法。本研究对现有的以欧洲为中心、以男性为中心的方法进行了批评,这些方法忽视了生活在不同文化背景下、具有复杂文化身份的人们的个人和世俗经历。
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引用次数: 1
The Multilayeredness of Mobility and the Visual Art Language: The Material Turn, the Inequality in ‘Mobility Capital’, the Hierarchy in Mobility, and Art 流动的层次性与视觉艺术语言:物质转向、“流动资本”的不平等、流动的等级与艺术
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.6
Jinkook Ahn
This study explores what mobility means from the social science perspective and how it becomes a form of capital in todays modern highly mobile society. It also investigates how it appears in arts by analyzing the artworks in the exhibition titled To you: Move Toward Where You Are. It seems that mobility characterized by complexity, hybridity, vitality, materiality, and assemblage is somehow part of the Material Turn. Transportation, capital, power, cities, refugees, migration, tourism, climate crisis, systems, infrastructure, control, surveillance, communications, gender, race, disability, and so on. These may seem heterogeneous multi-layered issues, but all these relate to uneven mobility. And mobility inequalities occur in the dynamics of their relations. In the highly-mobile society where the fetishism of movement prevails, mobility becomes more uneven. When freedom, acceleration, convenience and safety increase, so does censorship, control and restriction. Gaining velocity, efficiency, convenience, and safety of movement can undermine the rights of others. We should envisage the hidden power relations under the rights of (im)mobility. Characteristics of mobility and its inequalities directly and indirectly emerge in the artworks exhibited in To you: Move Toward Where You Are. We need to consider how mobility justice can be practiced against mobility inequalities in the hierarchy of mobility capital, uneven mobility, and mobility injustice. Art which thinks beyond thinking will provide new stimulus and imagination to the practice.
本研究从社会科学的角度探讨流动性意味着什么,以及它如何在当今现代高度流动的社会中成为一种资本形式。通过分析“给你:向你所在的地方移动”展览中的作品,研究了它在艺术中的表现方式。以复杂性、杂交性、活力、物质性和集合性为特征的流动性似乎在某种程度上是材料转向的一部分。交通、资本、电力、城市、难民、移民、旅游、气候危机、系统、基础设施、控制、监视、通信、性别、种族、残疾等等。这些似乎是不同层次的问题,但所有这些都与不均衡的流动性有关。流动不平等发生在他们关系的动态中。在高度流动的社会中,运动的拜物教盛行,流动变得更加不平衡。当自由、加速、便利和安全增加时,审查、控制和限制也会增加。获得行动的速度、效率、便利和安全可能会损害他人的权利。我们应该正视(非)流动权下的隐性权力关系。流动的特征及其不平等直接或间接地体现在“致你:向你所在的地方移动”展览的作品中。我们需要考虑如何在流动性资本等级、不均衡流动性和流动性不公正的流动性不平等中实现流动性正义。超越思维的艺术将为实践提供新的刺激和想象。
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引用次数: 0
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The Center for Asia and Diaspora
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