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CORRELATION AND REGRESSION RELATIONSHIPS OF PARAMETERS OF RAINWATER DRAINAGE FROM ROADS 道路雨水排放参数的相关与回归关系
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1427.019g
Anadel Galamić, Zahid Bašić, Nedim Suljić
In order to find the optimal solution for the drainage of rainwater from roads in urban areas, as well as for the evaluation and ranking of conceptual solutions, appropriate mathematical models and software packages were used in this research. For relevant rain episodes, i.e. rainfall of appropriate duration and intensity, runoff coefficients and flows were taken into account and analyzed according to the rational method, all for the purpose of obtaining data on the amount of rainwater entering the sewage system. Through this research, very good correlations and regressions were established between the cross slope of the road and the parameters of rainwater drainage from the road, as well as the correlation and regression relationships of the cross slope of the road and the efficiency of the drain. Likewise, the dependences of the drainage parameters, the efficiency of the drains and the cross slope of the road were determined, expressed through mathematical functions.
为了寻找城市道路雨水排水的最优方案,并对概念方案进行评价和排序,本研究使用了合适的数学模型和软件包。对于相应的雨期,即适当持续时间和强度的降雨,考虑径流系数和流量,按照合理的方法进行分析,以获得进入污水系统的雨水量数据。通过本研究,道路交叉坡度与道路雨水排水参数之间建立了很好的相关和回归关系,道路交叉坡度与排水效率之间建立了很好的相关和回归关系。同样,排水参数的依赖关系,排水管的效率和道路的交叉坡度被确定,通过数学函数表示。
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引用次数: 0
Multiclass voice commands classification with multiple binary convolution neural networks 基于二元卷积神经网络的多类语音命令分类
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.31648/ts.8098
Jaroslaw Szkola
In machine learning, in order to obtain good models, it is necessary to train the network on a large data set. It is very often a long process, and any changes to the input dataset require re-training the entire network. If it is necessary to extend the model with new output classes, the use of the existing model becomes problematic, and in the case of extension with new decision classes, it is required to re-train the entire model based on all data. To improve this process, a new neural network architecture was proposed, which allows for easy extension of the already existing models with new classes, without the need to re-train the entire network, as well as the time needed to train the sub-model is much shorter than the time needed to re-train the entire neural network. The presented network architecture is designed for data that has at least two decision classes.
在机器学习中,为了获得好的模型,需要在大数据集上训练网络。这通常是一个漫长的过程,对输入数据集的任何更改都需要重新训练整个网络。如果需要使用新的输出类来扩展模型,那么现有模型的使用就会出现问题,并且在使用新的决策类进行扩展的情况下,需要基于所有数据重新训练整个模型。为了改进这一过程,提出了一种新的神经网络结构,该结构允许用新类轻松扩展现有模型,而无需重新训练整个网络,并且训练子模型所需的时间远短于重新训练整个神经网络所需的时间。所提出的网络体系结构是为至少有两个决策类的数据而设计的。
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引用次数: 0
Abrasive wear resistance of matrix composites carbon fiber reinforced polymers 碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的磨料耐磨性
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.31648/ts.8226
Klaudia Olejniczak, J. Napiórkowski
The paper presents the results of the abrasive wear resistance test of composites based on polymers reinforced with carbon fibers. Two types of fiber composites obtained from a yacht manufacturer were used for the tests. The tests were carried out using the ball-cratering method without abrasive suspension. On the basis of the specific wear rate  Kc, better tribological properties of the polyester matrix reinforced with glass fabric were observed compared to the polyester matrix reinforced with a glass emulsion mat. The composite material reinforced with glass cloth was characterized by smaller crater diameters, which may cause plastic deformation due to the low hardness of the material.
介绍了碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的耐磨性试验结果。试验使用了从游艇制造商获得的两种纤维复合材料。试验采用无磨料悬浮球磨法进行。在比磨损率Kc的基础上,玻璃布增强聚酯基体的摩擦学性能优于玻璃乳液垫增强聚酯基体。玻璃布增强复合材料的特点是弹坑直径较小,由于材料的硬度较低,可能导致塑性变形。
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引用次数: 0
THERMAL COMFORT OF UGLJEVIK TOWN FOR THE YEAR 2021 OBSERVED THROUGH THE BIOCLIMATIC INDEX WBGT 通过生物气候指数WBGT观测到的2021年UGLJEVIK镇的热舒适度
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.071dj
D. Đurić, Vanja Jakšić, Aleksandar Šelić, Ilija Vlajić
This paper researches thermal comfort of the town of Ugljevik in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the year 2021, by analyzing bioclimatic index Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT). The analysis is a continuation of the research on the bioclimatic conditions of the area of Semberija plain and Majevica mountain, which has so far covered only the city of Bijeljina, as the most urbanized area of the researched space. All five categories of the WBGT index are present during a year, with different number of days for each category. For thermal comfort the most important factors should be observed during summer months of the year, June, July and August, due to the highest number of days in categories with values over 28, that are dangerous for human organism and outdoor activities. The accent in this research was put on the number of categories that are present during one month, but also during just one day, by using mean, maximum and minimal temperatures for calculations. This type of research allows us to see how many different categories one day has.
本文通过分析生物气候指数全球湿球温度(WBGT),对波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那乌格利维克镇2021年的热舒适进行了研究。该分析是对Semberija平原和Majevica山区生物气候条件研究的延续,迄今为止,该研究仅覆盖了研究空间中城市化程度最高的比耶利纳市。WBGT指数的所有五个类别都在一年内出现,每个类别的天数不同。对于热舒适来说,最重要的因素应该是在一年中的夏季,即6月、7月和8月,因为在28以上的类别中,对人体有机体和户外活动有危险的天数最多。这项研究的重点是在一个月内出现的类别数量,但也只在一天内出现,通过使用平均温度,最高温度和最低温度进行计算。这种类型的研究让我们看到一天有多少不同的类别。
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引用次数: 1
APPLICATION OF HYBRID SFLA AND ACO ALGORITHM TO OMEGA PLATE FOR DRILLING PROCESS PLANNING AND COST MANAGEMENT 混合曲面和蚁群算法在欧米茄板钻孔工艺规划和成本管理中的应用
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.001n
N. Mehmood, Muhammad Umer, Umer Asgher
Tool traveling and tool switching time constitute almost seventy percent (70%) of the total time consumed in drilling process. This fact that 70% of the total time is nonproductive and does not add any value to the job, grabs attention of the researchers and the industrialist for optimization. A literature on drilling process revealed that very few studies have been done on hybridization of metaheuristics for optimization of tool travel time. This research gap is the motivation of the present study. In this study, two metaheuristic approaches – the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) and ant colony optimization (ACO) were hybridized. With respect to hybridization of SFLA and ACO, this study signifies its originality and novelty in which main objective is to minimize the tool travel time. The literature review also revealed that the shortest path generated through commercially available software is not optimal all the time. This aspect emphasizes the application of metaheuristic algorithms on the real-world industrial problems. In this study, the proposed hybrid algorithm was applied to drilling of omega plate which is used in automobile manufacturing industry. The results of the proposed hybrid algorithm were compared with those of manual drilling path and software generated path. The results obtained through proposed hybrid algorithm were improved by 11.1% when compared to results of manual drilling path. The results of proposed algorithm were also better than results of commercial software Creo 6.0 and Siemens NX by 5.9% each. This showed that hybrid algorithm outperformed the commercially available software. This not only validates the efficacy of proposed hybrid algorithm, but also indicates the significance of the metaheuristic algorithm applications in industrial optimization problems.
刀具移动和刀具切换时间几乎占钻井过程总时间的70%。总时间的70%是非生产性的,不会给工作增加任何价值,这一事实吸引了研究人员和实业家的注意力,以进行优化。一篇关于钻井过程的文献显示,很少有人研究混合元启发式方法来优化工具行程时间。这一研究空白是本研究的动机。在本研究中,混合了两种元启发式方法——洗牌蛙跳算法(SFLA)和蚁群优化(ACO)。关于SFLA和ACO的杂交,本研究表明了其独创性和新颖性,其主要目标是最大限度地减少工具的行程时间。文献综述还表明,通过商用软件生成的最短路径并非总是最优的。这方面强调元启发式算法在现实工业问题中的应用。在本研究中,将所提出的混合算法应用于汽车制造业中使用的Ω板的钻孔。将所提出的混合算法的结果与手动钻孔路径和软件生成路径的结果进行了比较。与手动钻孔路径的结果相比,所提出的混合算法的结果提高了11.1%。所提出的算法的结果也分别比商业软件Creo 6.0和西门子NX的结果好5.9%。这表明混合算法的性能优于商用软件。这不仅验证了所提出的混合算法的有效性,也表明了元启发式算法在工业优化问题中的应用意义。
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引用次数: 1
SIGNIFICANCE OF HARVEST RESIDUES IN SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF ARABLE LAND I. DECOMPOSITION OF HARVEST RESIDUES 收获残留物在耕地可持续管理中的意义Ⅰ.收获残留物的分解
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.061p
N. Pržulj, V. Tunguz
Harvest residues are parts of cultivated plants that remain on the plot after harvest or grazing. Decomposition of plant residues by microorganisms involves two simultaneous processes: mineralization and humification of carbon compounds. Decomposition processes depend on the type of plant residues, edaphic factors and residue management factors. Edaphic factors dominate in areas exposed to adverse weather conditions, while the type of plant residues largely plays the role of a regulator in favorable environmental conditions. Decomposition of plant residues takes place in two stages; phase I is relatively fast and depends on the initial nitrogen content, and phase II is relatively slow and is determined by the decomposition of lignins and phenols. In general, water-soluble fractions are degraded first, followed by structural polysaccharides, and finally lignin. Low winter temperatures and dry soil during the summer limit microbial decomposition, while microbial decomposition is greatest during the wet warm spring and autumn seasons.
收获残余物是栽培植物在收获或放牧后留在土地上的部分。微生物对植物残体的分解涉及两个同时发生的过程:碳化合物的矿化和腐殖化。分解过程取决于植物残留物的类型、土壤因素和残留物管理因素。在恶劣气候条件下,土壤因子占主导地位,而在有利环境条件下,植物残体类型主要起调节作用。植物残体的分解分两个阶段进行;第一阶段相对较快,取决于初始氮含量,第二阶段相对较慢,由木质素和酚类的分解决定。一般来说,水溶性组分首先被降解,其次是结构多糖,最后是木质素。冬季低温和夏季干燥的土壤限制了微生物的分解,而在潮湿温暖的春季和秋季微生物分解最大。
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引用次数: 1
CONTROL FACTORS OF IRON MINERALIZATION IN THE METALLOGENY OF THE LJUBIJA ORE REGION 卢比嘉矿区成矿作用的控制因素
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.013m
Aleksej Miloševič, A. Grubić, R. Cvijić, Miodrag Čelebić, Boško Vuković
The control factors of mineralization in the Ljubija ore region are stratigraphic, lithological, magmatogenic, structural-tectonic and hypergenic. The distribution of iron ores in the Ljubija ore region is primarily controlled by the spread of the Olistostrome member of the Carboniferous Javorik flysch formation. Only that member, whether uncovered on the surface or overlain by an Upper flysch member, contains primary siderite-ankerite iron ores. In addition, the distribution of ore bodies is significantly affected by the concentration and location of mineralized limestone and limestone-dolomite olistoliths. The seating of carbonate olistolitic bodies in the member is irregular, that is, chaotic. The size, shape, and morphology of these bodies and their boundaries are extremely uneven and diverse, in both primary and tectonic occurrences. Not all olistolitic bodies are mineralized. Those that are can be completely, partially or minimally mineralized. Due to all this, ore bodies and deposits “have no continuity and appear in isolation”. Therefore, there is a high exploration risk. These major irregularities are not characteristic of redeposited powdered limonite ores in Plio-Quaternary lacustrine sediments. Cimmerian lateral ruptures were important for the distribution of hydrothermal solutions and today's distribution of ore deposits and occurrences within ore fields and ore nodes. The hypergenic control factor significantly influenced the forming of iron oxide ores. In the Alpine tectogenesis, old systems of faults and joints were renewed and new created. In this respect, the most significant were transverse, open, steep SW-NE ruptures.
柳碧加矿区成矿的控制因素主要有地层、岩性、岩浆、构造构造和超生等。留比加矿区铁矿的分布主要受石炭系Javorik复理石组Olistostrome段的扩张控制。只有这一段,无论是裸露在地表还是被上部复理石段覆盖,都含有原生菱铁矿-铁白云石铁矿。此外,矿化灰岩和灰岩-白云岩橄榄岩的浓度和位置对矿体的分布有显著影响。该区内碳酸盐岩鲕粒体的座次是不规则的,即混沌的。这些体的大小、形状和形态及其边界在原生和构造发生地都是极不均匀和多样的。并非所有的鲕粒体都是矿化的。它们可以完全、部分或最低程度矿化。由于这一切,矿体和矿床"没有连续性,孤立出现"。因此,勘探风险较大。这些主要的不规则性并不是上第四纪湖相沉积物中再沉积粉状褐铁矿的特征。西元纪侧向断裂对热液的分布以及今天矿田和矿节点内矿床和产状的分布具有重要意义。高生控制因素对氧化铁矿石的形成有重要影响。在高山构造作用中,旧的断层和节理系统被更新和创造。在这方面,最重要的是横向,开放,陡峭的西南-东北断裂。
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引用次数: 0
SIGNIFICANT FACTORS OF IMPLEMENTING OPEN BUILDING SYSTEMS IN MALAYSIA 在马来西亚实施开放式建筑系统的重要因素
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.049h
M. Hosseini, I. Izni Syahrizal, Sadeghifam Aidin Nobahar, Rahnama Hamed
Changes in the built environment are inevitable due to diversity in human needs over time and it is suggested by scientists to consider flexibility and adaptability under concept of Open Building Systems (OBS) to mitigate impacts on environment and to satisfy the end-user. However, conventional methods are still common due to the lack of knowledge in OBS, resistance to change, monopoly of conventional building material manufacturing, insufficient legislations and lack of awareness of end-users. This study initially aimed to identify the significant factors of OBS concept that positively influence the construction industry of Malaysia and to verify the factors based on expert’s view and ultimately to develop a conceptual framework. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods was employed to achieve these objectives including a comprehensive literature review on OBS to identify the main factors before verifying them by experts’ perspective through Delphi method and developing the conceptual framework through ANP decision-making methods. This research was done specifically for construction industry in Malaysia but it has contributions in similar methods worldwide. Outcome of the literature review signifies 48 factors. These factors were later verified by selected experts of the area and the result revealed that 44 factors were confirmed and classified under 8 main clusters. The findings show that “design for change” is the main influential variant among the main clusters followed by “standardization”, “manufacturing of OBS components”, “level of decision-making”, “theory of level”, “end-user oriented design”, “enhanced post construction maintenance”, “level of independency of building systems and subsystems”, and “OBS factors influencing sustainability development”. The main category of “design for change” includes the most influential factors such as “design for adaptability”, design for flexibility”, “design for generality”, “design for assembly”, “design for disassembly”, and “design based on service life span”. Some other significant sub factors include “modular coordination”, “identifying level of decision-making”, “end-user involvement”, “identifying ordering principles”, and “replace-ability”. This research will help practitioners in the construction industry to implement Open Building concept to achieve more adaptable Built Environment.
随着时间的推移,由于人类需求的多样性,建筑环境的变化是不可避免的,科学家建议在开放建筑系统(OBS)的概念下考虑灵活性和适应性,以减轻对环境的影响并满足最终用户的需求。然而,由于缺乏对OBS的了解、对变革的抵制、传统建筑材料制造的垄断、立法不足以及最终用户缺乏意识,传统方法仍然很常见。本研究最初旨在确定OBS概念对马来西亚建筑业产生积极影响的重要因素,并基于专家的观点验证这些因素,最终建立一个概念框架。为了实现这些目标,我们采用了定量和定性研究方法,包括对OBS进行全面的文献综述,以确定主要因素,然后通过德尔菲法从专家的角度对其进行验证,并通过ANP决策方法开发概念框架。这项研究是专门为马来西亚的建筑业进行的,但它在世界各地的类似方法中也有贡献。文献综述的结果表明有48个因素。这些因素后来由该地区选定的专家进行了验证,结果显示,44个因素被确认并分类为8个主要集群。研究结果表明,“变革设计”是主要集群中最具影响力的变体,其次是“标准化”、“OBS组件制造”、“决策水平”、“水平理论”、“面向最终用户的设计”、“加强施工后维护”、“建筑系统和子系统的独立性水平”,以及“影响可持续发展的OBS因素”。“为改变而设计”的主要类别包括最具影响力的因素,如“为适应性而设计”、“为灵活性而设计”和“为通用性而设计”,“为组装而设计”“为拆卸而设计”以及“基于使用寿命的设计”。其他一些重要的子因素包括“模块化协调”、“确定决策水平”、“最终用户参与”、“识别订购原则”和“替代能力”。这项研究将帮助建筑行业的从业者实施开放式建筑的概念,以实现更具适应性的建筑环境。
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引用次数: 0
APPLICATION OF GAM MODEL TO PROTECTED AREAS OF THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF CENTRAL SERBIA GAM模型在塞尔维亚中部西北部保护区的应用
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.091p
Marija R. Perić, Slobodanka Stankov
The research in this paper refers to the definition and scientific explanation of relevant indicators (indicators and sub-indicators) that effect on the development of geoheritage (Petnička cave, gorge of the river Gradac and Trešnjica, and Taor springs) and their placement on the tourism market. By applying the GAM model, it has been proven that geoheritage in this part of Serbia represents a very significant tourism potential, which must not be neglected, and even more underestimated. The results of the research showed that the Petnička cave represents the greatest tourism potential Z32, while the Taor springs have the lowest tourism value Z22. In the future, geoheritage sites need bigger promotion, infrastructure construction and the creation of their own tourism brand.
本文的研究涉及影响地质遗产(Petnička洞穴、Gradac河和Trešnjica河峡谷以及Taor泉)开发及其在旅游市场上的地位的相关指标(指标和子指标)的定义和科学解释。通过应用GAM模型,已经证明塞尔维亚这一地区的地理遗产代表了一个非常重要的旅游潜力,不容忽视,甚至被低估。研究结果表明,Petnička洞穴代表了最大的旅游潜力Z32,而Taor泉的旅游价值最低Z22。未来,地质遗迹需要更大的推广、基础设施建设和打造自己的旅游品牌。
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引用次数: 0
LANDSLIDE REMEDIATION ON THE SCARP ABOVE THE LEVEL, ROAD M-17, SECTION: 007, TOPČIĆ POLJE – LAŠVA m-17路段:007,topČiĆ polje - laŠva
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.7251/afts.2022.1426.023t
Zlatan Talić, Dženita Cerić
The aim of this paper is to present a landslide remediation based on research and testing of samples, and to list those measures that will help to remediate the landslide or partially mitigate its further effects. These measures include: closing cracks, collecting and draining surface water from landslides, terrain planning, making supports from stone materials, drainage trenches, draining water from traffic areas, repairing water supply and sewerage systems, and establishing monitoring. The phenomenon of instability and its causes has been analyzed, and the results of research at the subject site before and after the remediation of this instability will be presented and discussed. Geological profile and remediation methods will be determined after the presentation of the results.
本文的目的是提出一种基于样本研究和测试的滑坡修复方法,并列出有助于修复滑坡或部分减轻其进一步影响的措施。这些措施包括:封闭裂缝,收集和排放山体滑坡产生的地表水,地形规划,用石头材料支撑,排水沟,从交通区域排水,修复供水和污水系统,以及建立监测系统。分析了不稳定现象及其原因,并将介绍和讨论在修复这种不稳定之前和之后在主题场地的研究结果。地质剖面和修复方法将在结果公布后确定。
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引用次数: 0
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Archives for Technical Sciences
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