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Second Language Corner for Children’s House 儿童之家第二语言角
Pub Date : 2021-05-19 DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v7i1.13401
Romali Rosales Chavarria
This work reports, from a qualitative research perspective, the development of an English Corner project for a preschool Children’s House classroom in central Mexico over the course of a 3-year period. It shows the transition of a language specialist over six consecutive periods of work, from a traditional understanding and practice of teaching English as a second language to young learners into a more comprehensive one of the Montessori Method. The analysis of my own practice is used to recover insights through a reflective process with the intention to develop a second language (L2) Montessori program for 3- to 6-year-olds that aligns better with Montessori pedagogy.  Variables such as instruction time, setting, group constitution, materials, and teaching and learning strategies allowed for certain aspects to arise as leading points of interest for the focus of the analysis and the methodological and pedagogical adaptations that followed each period. This paper is an attempt to fill the gap between the need to deliver a second language effectively in Montessori education and the lack of guidance for doing it the Montessori way; it is especially for practitioners who do not have a Montessori background but also for Montessori-trained teachers for whom more specific preparation would aid their practice. I also hope to stimulate further research in the field of second language acquisition and multilingualism in Montessori education at every level of education.
这项工作从定性研究的角度报告了在墨西哥中部一个学前班儿童之家的课堂上开展的英语角项目,为期三年。它展示了一个语言专家在连续六个工作期间的转变,从传统的理解和实践将英语作为第二语言教授给年轻学习者,到一个更全面的蒙台梭利方法。我对自己实践的分析是用来通过反思的过程来恢复洞察力,目的是为3到6岁的孩子开发第二语言(L2)蒙台梭利课程,这与蒙台梭利教学法更吻合。诸如教学时间、设置、小组构成、材料、教学和学习策略等变量允许某些方面成为分析重点的主要兴趣点,以及每个时期之后的方法和教学适应。本文试图填补在蒙台梭利教育中有效传授第二语言的需求与缺乏蒙台梭利方式指导之间的空白;它特别适用于没有蒙台梭利背景的从业者,也适用于受过蒙台梭利培训的教师,对他们来说,更具体的准备将有助于他们的实践。我也希望能在蒙特梭利教育的第二语言习得和多语言使用的各个教育阶段激发进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 1
The Montessori Approach as a Model of Personalized Instruction 作为个性化教学模式的蒙台梭利教学法
Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v6i2.13882
Marusa Mavric
I present a brief overview of the key elements of personalized learning and Montessori education, a related pedagogical approach, aiming to examine common theoretical principles and key elements. I discuss the common features of personalized instruction and the Montessori approach of education. Both personalized instruction and the Montessori approach stand firmly on a constructivist paradigm and share many philosophical and theoretical principles. Research has shown that Montessori education is one of the most visible models that incorporates numerous aspects of personalized instruction and shares many common elements with personalized learning. This research has shown that, while personalized instruction also suggests many strategies for implementation of the concept, Montessori education actualizes the principles of personalized learning.
我简要概述了个性化学习和蒙台梭利教育的关键要素,这是一种相关的教学方法,旨在研究共同的理论原则和关键要素。我讨论了个性化教学和蒙台梭利教育法的共同特点。个性化教学和蒙台梭利方法都坚定地站在建构主义范式上,并分享许多哲学和理论原则。研究表明,蒙台梭利教育是最明显的模式之一,它融合了个性化教学的许多方面,并与个性化学习有许多共同的元素。本研究表明,虽然个性化教学也提出了许多实施这一概念的策略,但蒙台梭利教育实现了个性化学习的原则。
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引用次数: 5
A Natural History of Repetition 重复的自然史
Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v5i2.7407
Anne E. Jones, S. Henzi, L. Barrett
The purpose of this study was to understand typically developing children’s repetitive behavior in a free-play, daycare setting. By studying repetition in a non-Montessori setting, we tested the assumption that repetition is a characteristic behavior of all young children and not limited to the Montessori environment. Although Maria Montessori identified repetition during her observations, there is little empirical evidence to support her claim: most research has considered repetition in terms of psychopathology. We collected naturalistic observational data on 31 3- to 6-year-old children for a total of 101 hours to investigate the frequency, contexts, and structure of repetitive bouts. Multilevel model results suggest the ubiquity of repetition, as all children in the study engaged in motor repetition. Furthermore, repetition occurred throughout all free-play activities (construction, animation, fantasy play, rough-and-tumble play, and undirected activity), although repetition was not equally distributed across activities. Motor repetition was not equal across ages either; younger children engaged in more motor repetition than did older children. To understand the structure of repetition, our study also looked at the length of repetition bouts, which ranged from 2 to 19 repetitions and averaged 2.86 repetitions per bout. This natural history of repetition is an influential starting point for understanding the role of repetition in development and is informative to both Montessori and non-Montessori early childhood educators.
本研究的目的是了解在自由玩耍的日托环境中典型发育中的儿童的重复行为。通过在非蒙台梭利环境中研究重复,我们验证了重复是所有幼儿的特征行为,而不仅仅局限于蒙台梭利环境的假设。虽然玛丽亚·蒙台梭利在她的观察中发现了重复,但几乎没有经验证据支持她的说法:大多数研究都是从精神病理学的角度考虑重复的。我们收集了31名3- 6岁儿童的自然观察数据,共101小时,以调查重复发作的频率、背景和结构。多层模型的结果表明,重复是普遍存在的,因为研究中的所有儿童都从事运动重复。此外,重复出现在所有自由游戏活动中(游戏邦注:包括建筑、动画、幻想游戏、混战游戏和无导向活动),尽管重复在活动中的分布并不均匀。运动重复在不同年龄段也不相同;年龄较小的孩子比年龄较大的孩子进行更多的动作重复。为了理解重复的结构,我们的研究还观察了重复回合的长度,从2到19次重复,平均每回合2.86次重复。重复的自然史是理解重复在发展中的作用的一个有影响力的起点,对蒙台梭利和非蒙台梭利幼儿教育工作者都有帮助。
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引用次数: 3
Montessori Identity in Dialogue 对话中的蒙台梭利身份
Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v5i2.8183
Olivia A. Christensen
Montessori teacher education includes an intensive and ongoing teacher transformation. This experience aids in the development of a clearly defined teacher identity. Research on teacher identity broadly has shown that while such an identity can offer guidance and support, it can also limit teachers and prevent them from exploring other strategies that may support them and, in turn, their students (e.g., Beauchamp & Thomas, 2009; Britzman, 2003; Sumsion, 2002). This effect is problematic when teachers face moments of uncertainty and dilemmas in their teaching practice. As Montessori classrooms become increasingly diverse, teachers may need to adopt identities that are not explicitly defined in Montessori teacher transformation. This review of literature examines components of a Montessori teacher identity and, broadly, the effects of teacher identity as well as elements of antibias and antiracist teacher-identity development that includes inner reflection and an activist approach to teaching.  
蒙台梭利教师教育包括一个密集和持续的教师转型。这种经历有助于形成明确界定的教师身份。对教师认同的广泛研究表明,虽然这种认同可以提供指导和支持,但它也可能限制教师,阻止他们探索可能支持他们的其他策略,进而支持他们的学生(例如,Beauchamp & Thomas, 2009;Britzman, 2003;Sumsion, 2002)。当教师在教学实践中面临不确定和困境时,这种效果就会出现问题。随着蒙台梭利课堂变得越来越多样化,教师可能需要采用蒙台梭利教师转型中没有明确定义的身份。这篇文献综述考察了蒙台梭利教师身份的组成部分,更广泛地说,教师身份的影响,以及反偏见和反种族主义教师身份发展的要素,包括内心反思和积极的教学方法。
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引用次数: 4
The Montessori Model and Creativity 蒙特梭利模式与创造力
Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v5i2.7695
David J. Fleming, B. Culclasure, Daniel Zhang
Prior research has demonstrated that the characteristics of school environments can impact the development of creativity in children. Thus, we explored the construct of creativity in the context of a Montessori environment. We used the Evaluation of Potential Creativity to measure creativity in children during one academic year. The study sample comprised 77 third-grade students at a Montessori public school in the southeastern United States and 71 demographically similar students at a traditional public school. Results show that Montessori students performed somewhat better on the Evaluation of Potential Creativity assessment than similar non-Montessori students did. Subgroup analyses indicate that male Montessori students demonstrated higher creativity than did male non- Montessori students. The findings of this study augment the body of research supporting creative development in Montessori children and suggest that researchers should continue to focus on the measurement of creativity in studies related to the efficacy of the Montessori model.
先前的研究表明,学校环境的特点会影响儿童创造力的发展。因此,我们在蒙台梭利环境的背景下探索创造力的构建。我们在一个学年期间使用了潜在创造力评估来测量儿童的创造力。研究样本包括美国东南部蒙台梭利公立学校的77名三年级学生和一所传统公立学校的71名人口统计学上相似的学生。结果显示,蒙台梭利学生在潜在创造力评估方面的表现略好于非蒙台梭利学生。亚组分析显示,接受蒙特梭利教育的男性学生比接受非蒙特梭利教育的男性学生表现出更高的创造力。这项研究的发现增加了支持蒙台梭利儿童创造性发展的研究,并建议研究人员应继续关注与蒙台梭利模式有效性相关的研究中创造力的测量。
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引用次数: 9
Developing Instruments to Measure Montessori Instructional Practices 开发仪器来测量蒙台梭利教学实践
Pub Date : 2019-05-17 DOI: 10.17161/JOMR.V5I1.9797
Angela K. Murray, PhD, Jie Chen, C. Daoust
Researchers who study any intervention must rule out potential alternative explanations for their results by establishing that the program being investigated is implemented with fidelity. Various instructional practices are attributed to the Montessori Method because the term is not legally protected, meaning any school can say it is Montessori regardless of the degree to which it adheres to practices generally understood to represent Montessori education. Researchers have used a variety of tools to measure the fidelity of Montessori environments they study, but most of these tools lack an extensive psychometric foundation or are labor intensive, requiring in-person observation. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of instruments that were developed to measure Montessori implementation through Early Childhood (EC) and Elementary (EL) teachers’ reported instructional practices. Findings supported three hypothesized dimensions of Montessori implementation (structure, curriculum, and freedom), which worked fairly well in describing practices. While the properties of these instruments are promising and provide preliminary supporting evidence, results of this analysis suggest further refinement of the items in these instruments is necessary with larger and more diverse samples. While we do not suggest that these are finalized tools, we believe they provide a valuable starting point that is a vast improvement over the requirement of investigators to develop their own instruments as part of each Montessori study they design. The authors hope other researchers will incorporate these instruments into their studies to help build a robust body of evidence supporting their use.
研究任何干预措施的研究人员必须通过确定所调查的计划是忠实地实施来排除对其结果的潜在替代解释。各种各样的教学实践都归功于蒙台梭利方法,因为这个术语不受法律保护,这意味着任何学校都可以说自己是蒙台梭利,而不管它在多大程度上坚持了通常被理解为代表蒙台梭利教育的实践。研究人员已经使用了各种各样的工具来测量他们所研究的蒙台梭利环境的保真度,但这些工具大多缺乏广泛的心理测量基础,或者是劳动密集型的,需要亲自观察。本研究的目的是研究通过幼儿(EC)和小学(EL)教师报告的教学实践来测量蒙特梭利实施的工具的心理测量特性。研究结果支持蒙特梭利实施的三个假设维度(结构、课程和自由),它们在描述实践时相当有效。虽然这些仪器的性能很有希望,并提供了初步的支持证据,但分析结果表明,有必要对这些仪器中的项目进行进一步改进,以获得更大、更多样化的样本。虽然我们不认为这些是最终的工具,但我们相信它们提供了一个有价值的起点,这是一个巨大的改进,而不是要求研究人员在他们设计的每个蒙台梭利研究中开发自己的工具。作者希望其他研究人员将这些工具纳入他们的研究,以帮助建立一个强有力的证据体系来支持它们的使用。
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引用次数: 5
Authentic Montessori: The Dottoressa’s View at the End of Her Life Part I 真正的蒙台梭利:修女临终时的观点(一)
Pub Date : 2019-05-16 DOI: 10.17161/JOMR.V5I1.7716
Angeline S. Lillard, Virginia McHugh
Maria Montessori developed a form of education in the first half of the last century that came to be called by her surname, and research indicates it often has positive outcomes. In the years since its development, tens of thousands of schools worldwide have called their programs Montessori, yet implementations vary widely, leading to confusion about what Montessori edu­cation is. Although there are varied opinions, here we use Dr. Montessori’s books and transcribed lectures to describe the conclusions of her work at her life’s end. We term this final conclusion authentic in the sense of “done in the traditional or original way,” (the primary definition of the adjective in Oxford English Dictionary, 2019). We do not claim that the original is superior to variants; this is an issue for empirical science. Our overarching goal is to provide researchers, policy makers, administrators, teachers, and parents with a benchmark from which to measure and evaluate variations from the education method Dr. Montessori bequeathed at the end of her life. In the ongoing search for alternative educational methods, the time-honored and burgeoning Mon­tessori system is of considerable interest. Dr. Montessori conceptualized the system as a triangle for which the environment, the teacher, and the child formed the legs. Part I of this two-part article examines Dr. Montessori’s view of what constitutes the environment, in terms of its material, tem­poral, and social features. An appendix to Part II summarizes the features. In the ongoing search for alternative educational methods, the time-honored and burgeoning Montessori system is of considerable interest. Dr. Montessori conceptualized the system as a triangle for which the environment, the teacher, and the child formed the legs. Part I of this two-part article examines Dr. Montessori’s view of what constitutes the environment, in terms of its material, temporal, and social features. An appendix to Part II summarizes the features.
玛丽亚·蒙台梭利在上个世纪上半叶发展了一种以她的姓氏命名的教育方式,研究表明,这种教育方式往往会产生积极的结果。自蒙台梭利教育发展以来,世界上数以万计的学校都称自己的课程为蒙台梭利,但实施方法却千差万别,导致人们对什么是蒙台梭利教育感到困惑。尽管众说纷纭,但在这里,我们用蒙台梭利博士的书和演讲记录来描述她在生命的最后阶段所做的工作。我们把这个最终结论称为“正宗的”,意思是“以传统或原始的方式完成”(2019年《牛津英语词典》对这个形容词的主要定义)。我们并不是说原版比变种好;这是一个实证科学的问题。我们的首要目标是为研究人员、政策制定者、管理人员、教师和家长提供一个基准,以衡量和评估蒙台梭利博士在她生命的最后留下的教育方法的变化。在不断寻找替代教育方法的过程中,历史悠久且蓬勃发展的蒙台梭利系统引起了相当大的兴趣。蒙台梭利博士将这个系统概念化为一个三角形,环境、老师和孩子构成了三条腿。这篇由两部分组成的文章的第一部分考察了蒙台梭利博士关于构成环境的物质、时间和社会特征的观点。第二部分的附录总结了这些特性。在不断寻找替代教育方法的过程中,历史悠久、蓬勃发展的蒙台梭利教育体系引起了人们的极大兴趣。蒙台梭利博士将这个系统概念化为一个三角形,环境、老师和孩子构成了三条腿。这篇由两部分组成的文章的第一部分从物质、时间和社会特征的角度考察了蒙台梭利博士关于环境构成的观点。第二部分的附录总结了这些特性。
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引用次数: 22
Authentic Montessori: The Dotteressa’s View at the End of Her Life Part II 真正的蒙台梭利:修女临终时的观点(二)
Pub Date : 2019-05-16 DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v5i1.9753
Angeline S. Lillard, Virginia McHugh
Part II of this two-part article continues the discussion of what Maria Montessori viewed to be the important components of her educational system. Because she developed the system over her lifetime, we prioritized later accounts when contradictory accounts were found. Whereas Part I focused on the environment, Part II examines the second and third components of the Montessori trinity: the teacher and the child. This article includes descriptions of Montessori teacher prepara­tion, children’s developmental stages, and the human tendencies on which Montessori education capitalizes. It ends with child outcomes as described by Dr. Montessori and as shown in recent research, and provides an appendix summarizing features of authentic Montessori described in Part I and Part II.
这篇由两部分组成的文章的第二部分继续讨论玛丽亚·蒙台梭利认为她的教育系统的重要组成部分。因为她一生都在开发这个系统,所以当发现矛盾的叙述时,我们优先考虑后来的叙述。第一部分关注的是环境,第二部分考察了蒙台梭利三位一体的第二和第三个组成部分:教师和儿童。这篇文章包括蒙台梭利教师的准备,儿童的发展阶段,以及蒙台梭利教育所利用的人类倾向的描述。它以蒙台梭利博士所描述的和最近研究显示的儿童结果作为结尾,并提供了一个附录,总结了第一部分和第二部分中描述的真正蒙台梭利的特征。
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引用次数: 13
Designing a Logic Model to Inform Montessori Research 设计一个逻辑模型来告知蒙台梭利研究
Pub Date : 2019-05-16 DOI: 10.17161/JOMR.V5I1.9788
B. Culclasure, C. Daoust, Sally Morris Cote, Susan M. Zoll
Montessori education has a long history, but its recent growth in American public schools has led to increased interest in research efforts, particularly in exploring the potential of the Montessori experience to moderate the effects of poverty and in gathering data to evaluate public investment in Montessori schools. To assist research efforts, this paper introduces a comprehensive visual model, or logic model, that depicts the core components, underlying assumptions, and intended outcomes of the Montessori approach. Logic modeling, which results in a visual representation depicting the connections among a program’s inputs, primary activities, and outcomes, is often used in program planning and research to provide a common framework from which to work. Developed over a 3-year period by a collaborative group of experienced Montessori researchers and practitioners, the Logic Model for Montessori Education presented in this paper is a valuable tool for researchers with the potential to lay a foundation across disciplines for future research that is both rigorous and systematic in its measurement of Montessori processes and outcomes.
蒙台梭利教育有着悠久的历史,但它最近在美国公立学校的发展,引起了人们对研究工作的兴趣,特别是在探索蒙台梭利经验在缓解贫困影响方面的潜力,以及在收集数据以评估对蒙台梭利学校的公共投资方面。为了协助研究工作,本文介绍了一个全面的视觉模型,或逻辑模型,描述了蒙台梭利方法的核心组成部分,潜在的假设和预期的结果。逻辑建模的结果是一个可视化的表示,它描述了程序的输入、主要活动和结果之间的联系,它经常用于程序规划和研究,以提供一个共同的工作框架。蒙台梭利教育的逻辑模型是由经验丰富的蒙台梭利研究人员和实践者组成的合作小组在3年的时间里开发出来的,本文中提出的蒙台梭利教育逻辑模型是一个有价值的工具,可以为研究人员奠定跨学科的基础,从而在衡量蒙台梭利过程和结果方面既严格又系统。
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引用次数: 14
Introduction of Montessori Education to a remote Indigenous Early Childhood program: A study of the ways in which Aboriginal students respond 将蒙台梭利教育引入偏远的原住民早期儿童计划:原住民学生回应方式的研究
Pub Date : 2018-11-13 DOI: 10.17161/JOMR.V4I2.6715
C. Holmes
This article explores the ways Ngaanyatjarra students in Australia respond to Montessori pedagogy in a remote Aboriginal early childhood context. The article initially presents key literature pertaining to early childhood education, Aboriginal education, and Montessori education in Australia. The qualitative methodology underpinning the research is subsequently outlined. The approach emphasized in this research is that of interpretivism. The data analysis process highlighted three headings: concentration and engagement, student autonomy, and student independence. The findings of this research indicate the potential for Montessori pedagogy as a viable alternative practice of education for remote Aboriginal early childhood contexts, as Montessori pedagogy may align more harmoniously with the cultural dispositions of Ngaanyatjarra students. Finally, recommendations are presented in light of the research.
这篇文章探讨了在偏远的土著儿童早期环境中,澳大利亚的Ngaanyatjarra学生对蒙台梭利教学法的反应。本文首先介绍了澳大利亚早期儿童教育、原住民教育和蒙台梭利教育的主要文献。随后概述了支撑研究的定性方法。本研究强调的方法是解释主义。数据分析过程强调了三个主题:专注和参与、学生自主和学生独立。这项研究的发现表明,蒙台梭利教学法作为一种可行的教育实践,在偏远的土著儿童早期环境中具有潜力,因为蒙台梭利教学法可能更和谐地与Ngaanyatjarra学生的文化倾向相一致。最后,根据研究结果提出了建议。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Journal of Montessori Research
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