Pub Date : 2019-10-14DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867357
A. Pimm, E. Barbour, T. Cockerill, Jan Palczewski
Energy storage is an enabler of low carbon electricity generation, however several studies have shown that its use can cause a non-trivial increase in carbon emissions even if the storage has 100% round-trip efficiency. To understand the impact of storage operation and demand response on emissions, it is necessary to determine the marginal emissions factor (MEF) at the time the storage or demand response was operated. This paper presents statistical approaches to determining regional MEFs using data on regional electricity demand and generation by fuel type, with a simple power flow model used to determine consumption emissions by region. The technique is applied to the electricity system in Great Britain in 2018. It is found that the impact of storage varies widely by location and operating mode, with the greatest emissions reductions achieved when storage is used to reduce wind curtailment in areas which consume high levels of fossil fuel generation, and the greatest emissions increases occurring where storage is used for wind balancing in areas where wind is not curtailed. The difference between the highest emissions reduction and highest emissions increase is found to be significant, at 785 gCO2 per kWh that passes through storage.
{"title":"Evaluating the regional potential for emissions reduction using energy storage","authors":"A. Pimm, E. Barbour, T. Cockerill, Jan Palczewski","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867357","url":null,"abstract":"Energy storage is an enabler of low carbon electricity generation, however several studies have shown that its use can cause a non-trivial increase in carbon emissions even if the storage has 100% round-trip efficiency. To understand the impact of storage operation and demand response on emissions, it is necessary to determine the marginal emissions factor (MEF) at the time the storage or demand response was operated. This paper presents statistical approaches to determining regional MEFs using data on regional electricity demand and generation by fuel type, with a simple power flow model used to determine consumption emissions by region. The technique is applied to the electricity system in Great Britain in 2018. It is found that the impact of storage varies widely by location and operating mode, with the greatest emissions reductions achieved when storage is used to reduce wind curtailment in areas which consume high levels of fossil fuel generation, and the greatest emissions increases occurring where storage is used for wind balancing in areas where wind is not curtailed. The difference between the highest emissions reduction and highest emissions increase is found to be significant, at 785 gCO2 per kWh that passes through storage.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116241893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867354
Haobai Xue
With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources into the power grid, Electrical Energy Storage (EES) systems are receiving more and more attention from the researchers, among which the A-CAES and PTES are very promising ones. Although numerous studies have been carried out for each individual system, a comparative study of A-CAES and PTES from the thermo-economic perspective is still largely absent. Therefore, in this paper, the analytical and numerical models are built for the two energy storage systems, the expressions of system efficiency and energy density are derived for the baseline cases and their sensitivities to different loss parameters and operating parameters are analysed individually. After that, different variants of PTES and A-CAES are introduced and compared, and multi-objective optimizations are carried out for each of them. The results show that the A-CAES usually has higher system efficiency and lower unit storage cost than the PTES, whilst the PTES enjoys higher energy density and more siting freedom than the A-CAES. With non-conventional compressor/expander, working fluid and system pressurization, the PTES can be as cheap as the A-CAES. On the other hand, with an isobaric air reservoir and hybrid TES system, the thermo-economic performance of A-CAES can be further enhanced.
{"title":"A comparative study of the Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (A-CAES) and Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) systems","authors":"Haobai Xue","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867354","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources into the power grid, Electrical Energy Storage (EES) systems are receiving more and more attention from the researchers, among which the A-CAES and PTES are very promising ones. Although numerous studies have been carried out for each individual system, a comparative study of A-CAES and PTES from the thermo-economic perspective is still largely absent. Therefore, in this paper, the analytical and numerical models are built for the two energy storage systems, the expressions of system efficiency and energy density are derived for the baseline cases and their sensitivities to different loss parameters and operating parameters are analysed individually. After that, different variants of PTES and A-CAES are introduced and compared, and multi-objective optimizations are carried out for each of them. The results show that the A-CAES usually has higher system efficiency and lower unit storage cost than the PTES, whilst the PTES enjoys higher energy density and more siting freedom than the A-CAES. With non-conventional compressor/expander, working fluid and system pressurization, the PTES can be as cheap as the A-CAES. On the other hand, with an isobaric air reservoir and hybrid TES system, the thermo-economic performance of A-CAES can be further enhanced.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116132098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867348
E. Barbour, A. Pimm, D. Parra
In this paper we present a framework for modelling the impacts of large-scale electricity storage in the Great Britain (GB) electricity network. Our framework consists of two principle components; firstly, a data-driven model of the GB powerplant dispatch, and secondly, an energy storage module. The storage module takes the powerplant dispatch and modifies it considering the specified energy storage characteristics (capacity, charging/discharging power and efficiency) in order to minimize an objective function. In particular, we consider two objective functions, minimizing the system running cost and minimizing the system emissions. We demonstrate our approach using data from the GB electricity system in 2015. Our model is primarily built in python and is entirely open-source in nature.
{"title":"Modelling the effects of low-cost large-scale energy storage in the UK electricity network","authors":"E. Barbour, A. Pimm, D. Parra","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867348","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a framework for modelling the impacts of large-scale electricity storage in the Great Britain (GB) electricity network. Our framework consists of two principle components; firstly, a data-driven model of the GB powerplant dispatch, and secondly, an energy storage module. The storage module takes the powerplant dispatch and modifies it considering the specified energy storage characteristics (capacity, charging/discharging power and efficiency) in order to minimize an objective function. In particular, we consider two objective functions, minimizing the system running cost and minimizing the system emissions. We demonstrate our approach using data from the GB electricity system in 2015. Our model is primarily built in python and is entirely open-source in nature.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116761228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867272
R. Klar, M. Tonnel, Regina Mayer, Janaina Marx, M. Aufleger
Buoyant Energy is a new approach to store energy offshore in floating structures and is based on the well-established technologies of pumped-storage hydro-power. Buoyant Energy Quarters (BEQ) are a combination of floating city extensions with the Buoyant Energy-storage approach and are currently investigated by a multi-disciplinary team in a research project funded by the European Regional Development Fund. This paper presents some of the first advances of the project. The first part of the paper focuses on the development design criteria for floating stability and storage capacity for several standard storage geometries. The second part describes the approach for the energy system analysis. Finally, an example for a possible application, in which the BEQ storage is used to balance energy produced by photovoltaic panels with domestic electrical energy demand over the course of a few days, is presented.
{"title":"BEQS : Marine Pumped-Storage concepts for floating city extensions","authors":"R. Klar, M. Tonnel, Regina Mayer, Janaina Marx, M. Aufleger","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867272","url":null,"abstract":"Buoyant Energy is a new approach to store energy offshore in floating structures and is based on the well-established technologies of pumped-storage hydro-power. Buoyant Energy Quarters (BEQ) are a combination of floating city extensions with the Buoyant Energy-storage approach and are currently investigated by a multi-disciplinary team in a research project funded by the European Regional Development Fund. This paper presents some of the first advances of the project. The first part of the paper focuses on the development design criteria for floating stability and storage capacity for several standard storage geometries. The second part describes the approach for the energy system analysis. Finally, an example for a possible application, in which the BEQ storage is used to balance energy produced by photovoltaic panels with domestic electrical energy demand over the course of a few days, is presented.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129366956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867295
Jinhai Chen, Christophe Claramunt, É. Saux, Peng Peng, Qiang Mei, Yongfeng Suo
This paper introduces the development status of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) in the Taiwan Strait. We review some typical conflict cases between OWFs and maritime shipping in the Strait, the reasons why and how these conflicts occur when new OWF are ready to be built close the principal fairway passage through the strait.
{"title":"Present Status and Challenges for the Interaction between Offshore Wind Farms and Maritime Navigation in the Taiwan Strait","authors":"Jinhai Chen, Christophe Claramunt, É. Saux, Peng Peng, Qiang Mei, Yongfeng Suo","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867295","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the development status of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) in the Taiwan Strait. We review some typical conflict cases between OWFs and maritime shipping in the Strait, the reasons why and how these conflicts occur when new OWF are ready to be built close the principal fairway passage through the strait.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123975083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867359
B. Cárdenas, L. Swinfen-Styles, J. Rouse, A. Hoskin, Weiqing Xu, S. Garvey
This paper explores how the energy storage capacity required by an electric grid increases with the penetration of renewable generation. The paper uses the UK as a case study and aims to quantify the amount and duration of energy storage that the country will need to fully decarbonize its electric supply. The paper also studies the effect that the mix of renewables (wind + solar) has on the storage capacity needed and highlights that a greater mismatch between the generation and demand profiles will require a larger energy storage capacity. Therefore the right generation mix for the region should be used. Results show that the UK will need a storage capacity of approximately 7.63 TWh (~4 days) to achieve an overall renewable penetration of 100%. Two important considerations are made: i) the mix between wind and solar is 79–21% and ii) a 5% of over-generation (and curtailment) is allowed. Assuming that the storage capacity is provided by compressed air systems (CAES) and considering the current costs of renewable generation, this scenario attains a levelized cost of electricity of ~61 £/MWh. This scenario achieves the lowest possible LCOE despite the fact that 5% of the generated electricity is wasted and still paid-for. If a strict rule of zero-net curtailment was in place, the storage capacity required would almost double (14.93 TWh) and the final cost of electricity would be ~2.3% higher.
{"title":"Energy Storage for a High Penetration of Renewables","authors":"B. Cárdenas, L. Swinfen-Styles, J. Rouse, A. Hoskin, Weiqing Xu, S. Garvey","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867359","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how the energy storage capacity required by an electric grid increases with the penetration of renewable generation. The paper uses the UK as a case study and aims to quantify the amount and duration of energy storage that the country will need to fully decarbonize its electric supply. The paper also studies the effect that the mix of renewables (wind + solar) has on the storage capacity needed and highlights that a greater mismatch between the generation and demand profiles will require a larger energy storage capacity. Therefore the right generation mix for the region should be used. Results show that the UK will need a storage capacity of approximately 7.63 TWh (~4 days) to achieve an overall renewable penetration of 100%. Two important considerations are made: i) the mix between wind and solar is 79–21% and ii) a 5% of over-generation (and curtailment) is allowed. Assuming that the storage capacity is provided by compressed air systems (CAES) and considering the current costs of renewable generation, this scenario attains a levelized cost of electricity of ~61 £/MWh. This scenario achieves the lowest possible LCOE despite the fact that 5% of the generated electricity is wasted and still paid-for. If a strict rule of zero-net curtailment was in place, the storage capacity required would almost double (14.93 TWh) and the final cost of electricity would be ~2.3% higher.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132344727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867044
Joachim Espvik, Erling Vatn Tranulis, Santiago Sanchez Acevedo, E. Tedeschi
With increasing offshore wind penetration levels, more secure and flexible offshore electrical transmission systems are needed to ensure security of supply to onshore users. When considering long distances of electrical power transmission, HVDC grids based on the modular multilevel converter (MMC) are a solution for present and future large scale offshore wind integration. As HVDC grids are developing into large and complex systems, dynamic analyses are useful to gain knowledge on the interactions between the different components in the grids. This paper uses the open source tool OpenModelica as modeling environment to demonstrate the potential of the tool in modeling such HVDC systems. A three-terminal HVDC system with offshore wind and energy storage integration is implemented in OpenModelica, and the dynamics of the system are investigated through four simulation cases. The main focus of this paper is dynamics and operation related to the HVDC system. The simulation results show that the MMCs can improve the most rapid power fluctuations using its internal storage capabilities, while an external energy storage system provides a more constant power flow over more extensive periods, in addition to improving the operation of the HVDC system. All models used in this paper are made publicly available to anyone for any purpose, including future studies of larger HVDC grids.
{"title":"Modeling of Multiterminal HVDC Offshore Grids with Renewable Energy and Storage Integration by Opensource Tools","authors":"Joachim Espvik, Erling Vatn Tranulis, Santiago Sanchez Acevedo, E. Tedeschi","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867044","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing offshore wind penetration levels, more secure and flexible offshore electrical transmission systems are needed to ensure security of supply to onshore users. When considering long distances of electrical power transmission, HVDC grids based on the modular multilevel converter (MMC) are a solution for present and future large scale offshore wind integration. As HVDC grids are developing into large and complex systems, dynamic analyses are useful to gain knowledge on the interactions between the different components in the grids. This paper uses the open source tool OpenModelica as modeling environment to demonstrate the potential of the tool in modeling such HVDC systems. A three-terminal HVDC system with offshore wind and energy storage integration is implemented in OpenModelica, and the dynamics of the system are investigated through four simulation cases. The main focus of this paper is dynamics and operation related to the HVDC system. The simulation results show that the MMCs can improve the most rapid power fluctuations using its internal storage capabilities, while an external energy storage system provides a more constant power flow over more extensive periods, in addition to improving the operation of the HVDC system. All models used in this paper are made publicly available to anyone for any purpose, including future studies of larger HVDC grids.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127166889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867222
Pau Farres-Antunez, J. McTigue, A. White
Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a grid-scale energy management technology that stores electricity in the form of thermal energy. A number of PTES systems have been proposed using different thermodynamic cycles, including a variant based on a regenerated Brayton cycle that stores the thermal energy in liquid storage media (such as molten salts) via heat exchangers. This has several advantages, including the possibility to consider hybrid “solar-PTES” systems employing technology developed by the concentrated solar power (CSP) industry. Such a hybrid system could charge the same hot stores using either solar energy or off-peak electricity (e.g, from nearby wind farms), increasing the capacity factor of the plant while employing the same heat engine during discharge. In this paper, two different configurations of solar-PTES systems are proposed and studied numerically: (i) a configuration in which an existing CSP plant is retrofitted with a Brayton heat pump, and (ii) a configuration in which a new hybrid plant uses the Brayton cycle both for charge and discharge. In both cases, the need to absorb and reject heat at conditions close to ambient temperature requires the Brayton cycle to incorporate intercooled stages at the cold side of the cycle. On the other hand, the intercooling process increases the minimum temperature of the cold stores, meaning that widely available and nonflammable antifreeze solutions (such as water-ethylene glycol) may be used as the cold storage medium.
{"title":"A pumped thermal energy storage cycle with capacity for concentrated solar power integration","authors":"Pau Farres-Antunez, J. McTigue, A. White","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867222","url":null,"abstract":"Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a grid-scale energy management technology that stores electricity in the form of thermal energy. A number of PTES systems have been proposed using different thermodynamic cycles, including a variant based on a regenerated Brayton cycle that stores the thermal energy in liquid storage media (such as molten salts) via heat exchangers. This has several advantages, including the possibility to consider hybrid “solar-PTES” systems employing technology developed by the concentrated solar power (CSP) industry. Such a hybrid system could charge the same hot stores using either solar energy or off-peak electricity (e.g, from nearby wind farms), increasing the capacity factor of the plant while employing the same heat engine during discharge. In this paper, two different configurations of solar-PTES systems are proposed and studied numerically: (i) a configuration in which an existing CSP plant is retrofitted with a Brayton heat pump, and (ii) a configuration in which a new hybrid plant uses the Brayton cycle both for charge and discharge. In both cases, the need to absorb and reject heat at conditions close to ambient temperature requires the Brayton cycle to incorporate intercooled stages at the cold side of the cycle. On the other hand, the intercooling process increases the minimum temperature of the cold stores, meaning that widely available and nonflammable antifreeze solutions (such as water-ethylene glycol) may be used as the cold storage medium.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"76 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867344
L. Swinfen-Styles, S. Garvey, D. Giddings
Energy storage is quickly becoming a priority in the energy sector as inflexible renewables penetrate further into the energy mix. The opportunity for novel energy storage solutions has therefore never been greater. Generation-Integrated Energy Storage (GIES) holds several key advantages over systems that separate electricity generation and energy storage. Primarily, a reduced number of energy transformations gives rise to the possibility of greatly improved all-round efficiencies. This paper discusses some existing and proposed technologies for energy generation and storage, as well as the potential for integration between them. A GIES system is then presented that takes advantage of the complimentary natures of wind-driven air compression and underwater compressed air energy storage (UWCAES). It is proposed that an adiabatic, liquid-piston air compressor be powered by an offshore wind turbine floating over deep water. The exergy generated by this compression is then stored in two forms: heat in a gravel packed bed and compressed air in a flexible underwater bag. Both of these forms of energy storage are expected to be relatively low-cost, and the system therefore has the opportunity to be considerably cheaper than if the electricity generation and energy storage were separate, such as with conventional wind turbines and battery plants. Using direct-drive compression also removes the need for an expensive geared transmission. However, to prevent the necessarily large swept volumes involved with direct-drive compression of air from ambient pressure, an initial stage of isothermal air compression is used. Consideration is given to several compression technologies in order to achieve this, including the possibility of wave-powered hydraulic air compression. A medium-pressure compressed air energy bag is also employed prior to the adiabatic compression stage to store this medium-pressure air. This has the added advantage of supplying air to the turbine during times of peak demand, reducing the requirement for electric compression during these otherwise expensive periods.
{"title":"Combining Wind-Driven Air Compression with Underwater Compressed Air Energy Storage","authors":"L. Swinfen-Styles, S. Garvey, D. Giddings","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867344","url":null,"abstract":"Energy storage is quickly becoming a priority in the energy sector as inflexible renewables penetrate further into the energy mix. The opportunity for novel energy storage solutions has therefore never been greater. Generation-Integrated Energy Storage (GIES) holds several key advantages over systems that separate electricity generation and energy storage. Primarily, a reduced number of energy transformations gives rise to the possibility of greatly improved all-round efficiencies. This paper discusses some existing and proposed technologies for energy generation and storage, as well as the potential for integration between them. A GIES system is then presented that takes advantage of the complimentary natures of wind-driven air compression and underwater compressed air energy storage (UWCAES). It is proposed that an adiabatic, liquid-piston air compressor be powered by an offshore wind turbine floating over deep water. The exergy generated by this compression is then stored in two forms: heat in a gravel packed bed and compressed air in a flexible underwater bag. Both of these forms of energy storage are expected to be relatively low-cost, and the system therefore has the opportunity to be considerably cheaper than if the electricity generation and energy storage were separate, such as with conventional wind turbines and battery plants. Using direct-drive compression also removes the need for an expensive geared transmission. However, to prevent the necessarily large swept volumes involved with direct-drive compression of air from ambient pressure, an initial stage of isothermal air compression is used. Consideration is given to several compression technologies in order to achieve this, including the possibility of wave-powered hydraulic air compression. A medium-pressure compressed air energy bag is also employed prior to the adiabatic compression stage to store this medium-pressure air. This has the added advantage of supplying air to the turbine during times of peak demand, reducing the requirement for electric compression during these otherwise expensive periods.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126739818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/OSES.2019.8867346
W. Hurley, Alan Orthmann, P. Lieberman, Ben M. Enis
This paper presents an engineering and cost study investigating a novel concept for combining a compressed air energy storage system with an offshore electrical substation serving a deep-water floating offshore wind farm. The study investigates a solution that combines existing offshore technologies with emerging compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems seeking synergies with wind farm energy production, higher efficiencies and lower levelized cost of storage. A cost analysis is presented including a worked model of an economic comparison between this offshore CAES system and electro-chemical (Li-Ion) battery storage. A variant of the Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) comparison metric is presented.
{"title":"Engineering and Cost Study of an Offshore Wind Farm Compressed Air Energy Storage System","authors":"W. Hurley, Alan Orthmann, P. Lieberman, Ben M. Enis","doi":"10.1109/OSES.2019.8867346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OSES.2019.8867346","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an engineering and cost study investigating a novel concept for combining a compressed air energy storage system with an offshore electrical substation serving a deep-water floating offshore wind farm. The study investigates a solution that combines existing offshore technologies with emerging compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems seeking synergies with wind farm energy production, higher efficiencies and lower levelized cost of storage. A cost analysis is presented including a worked model of an economic comparison between this offshore CAES system and electro-chemical (Li-Ion) battery storage. A variant of the Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) comparison metric is presented.","PeriodicalId":416860,"journal":{"name":"2019 Offshore Energy and Storage Summit (OSES)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124196526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：