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Seasonal Variation in Abundance, Distribution and Environmental Impacts of Geomicrobiological Communities in the Lower Calabar River Channel, Calabar, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡拉巴尔河下游土壤微生物群落丰度、分布及环境影响的季节变化
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)153
F. Abija
Microbes act as geochemical agents for the degradation of environmental contaminants hence their abundance and distribution influences ecological response to pollution stress in soils, sediments, and rivers systems and in environmental protection. In this paper seasonal variation in geomicrologicl abundance in the river water, sediments and adjoining soils have been assessed. The results indicate a higher microorganism count during the wet season. The presence of E. coli in 100ml of water implies that water is unsuitable for any domestic use without disinfection. The Faecal and Total Coliform counts also indicate that undesirable sources are contaminating the river and posing environmental health risk. However environmental self-remediation and possible absence of sources of the microorganisms was promoted during the wet season than the dry season.
微生物是环境污染物降解的地球化学因子,其丰度和分布影响着土壤、沉积物和河流系统对污染胁迫的生态响应和环境保护。本文评价了河流水体、沉积物和邻近土壤中地质微生物丰度的季节变化。结果表明,湿润季节微生物数量较高。如果100毫升水中含有大肠杆菌,说明不消毒的水不适合家庭使用。粪便和总大肠菌群计数也表明,不受欢迎的来源正在污染河流并构成环境健康风险。然而,环境自我修复和微生物来源的可能缺失在雨季比在旱季更有促进作用。
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引用次数: 0
Invasive Potential of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis Niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) From the Tributary of the Ganga River, Central India 印度中部恒河支流尼罗罗非鱼的入侵潜力(Oreochromis Niloticus, Linnaeus, 1758)
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)152
A. Dwivedi, P. Mayank
The natural fishery or wild stock of fishes especially fresh water in India is significantly declining due to manmade stressors. The invasion of fishes and size composition are an essential component of stream, river and other large water bodies ecosystem and represents an evident of structure, function, depth and health of stream/river. During study period 683 specimens of Oreochromis niloticus were collected from February 2019 to January 2020 in Sirsa fish landing centre from the lower stretch of the Tons river at Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. Size composition of fishes was varied from 82 to 463 mm (total length). The maximum total length of O. niloticus in the catches indicated that its increasing colonisation success in the river Tons. Size composition of fishes was also indicated that the stock of O. niloticus in the Tons river was in healthy condition. The 231-260 mm size group was most dominated (15.67%) compared to 261-290 mm (12.44%) and 291-320 mm (11.71%) in the total exploited stock. The middle size group was maximum exploited with 51.24% from the Tons river at Prayagraj. Higher size group contributed sizeable proportion with 25.04% in the exploited stock. The exploitation pattern was unsystematic in higher size group due to contribution of higher proportion. Current exploitation pattern is unsystematic but O. niloticus is powerfully invaded from the lower stretch of the Tons river at Prayagraj.
由于人为的压力,印度的自然渔业或野生鱼类资源,特别是淡水资源,正在显著减少。鱼类的入侵和大小组成是溪流、河流和其他大型水体生态系统的重要组成部分,是溪流/河流结构、功能、深度和健康状况的体现。在研究期间,从2019年2月至2020年1月,在印度北方邦Prayagraj的Tons河下游的Sirsa鱼类上岸中心收集了683个nilochromis标本。鱼类的大小组成在82 ~ 463 mm(全长)之间。渔获物中niloticus的最大总长度表明其在Tons河的殖民化越来越成功。鱼类的大小组成也表明,汤斯河的尼罗鳉鱼种群处于健康状态。231 ~ 260 mm组占总开发存量的15.67%,261 ~ 290 mm组占12.44%,291 ~ 320 mm组占11.71%。中等规模的群体在Prayagraj的Tons河中开采最多,占51.24%。规模较大的群体占已开发种群的25.04%。高规模群体由于贡献比例高,开发模式不系统。目前的开发模式是不系统的,但在Prayagraj的Tons河下游,niloticus受到了强大的入侵。
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引用次数: 2
Effects of Climate Change On Human and Social Livelihood Assets of Rural Farm Families in Orlu Agricultural Zone of Imo State, Nigeria 气候变化对尼日利亚伊莫州奥鲁农业区农村农户人力和社会生计资产的影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)151
Chikaire Ju, Ajaero Jo
The study investigated the effect of climate change on human and social livelihood assets of rural farm families in Orlu agricultural zone of Imo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain rural farmers’ awareness of climate change, and identify sources of information on climate change and to describe the effect of climate change on the human and social livelihood assets of the rural farmers. A purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting a sample size of 120 farm families. Data were collected with structured questionnaire and mean, percentage were used to analyze the data. The result showed that the major evidence of climate change include increased temperature, unpredictable rainfall pattern, drought, flooding, increased precipitation, crop damage and among others. Climate change affects the livelihood of rural people and can be seen in the effects it has on their human and social capita assets in the following ways - loss of human lives, food shortage, hunger and malnutrition, increased disease incidence, reduction in household. Other effects includes prevention of assistance from members of social groups to farmers and rural people at large, interruption of familiar social linkages of the poor, widows, disruption of linkages to formal and informal community organization.
本研究调查了气候变化对尼日利亚伊莫州Orlu农业区农村农户人力和社会生计资产的影响。具体目标是确定农村农民对气候变化的认识,确定气候变化信息来源,描述气候变化对农村农民的人力和社会生计资产的影响。采用有目的抽样方法,选取120户农户作为样本。采用结构化问卷法收集资料,采用均数、百分数法对资料进行分析。结果表明,气候变化的主要证据包括气温升高、不可预测的降雨模式、干旱、洪水、降水增加、作物受损等。气候变化影响到农村人民的生计,并通过以下方式对他们的人力和社会资本资产产生影响:人命损失、粮食短缺、饥饿和营养不良、疾病发病率增加、家庭人数减少。其他影响包括阻止社会团体成员向农民和广大农村人民提供援助,中断穷人和寡妇熟悉的社会联系,中断与正式和非正式社区组织的联系。
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引用次数: 0
An Overview of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) of Bangladesh 孟加拉国海岸带综合管理概述
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)150
Mazharul Islam Sajeeb
This research was conducted Bangladesh (BD) and revised as an especial task study and review perspective of the coastal conditions and the features thus determine and critical analysis of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). The coast length of Bangladesh is 710 kilometers wide. The coastal and ecosystem and habitats of the different animals are mostly depend on the features of coastal ecology and data analysis of both countries which have different strategies and techniques for the conservation of coastal biodiversity which were focused and brought together. Bangladesh coast contains vast biodiversity which are supported by the shingle beaches & sand dunes. The main features of the physical characteristics are the creeks, a lot of channels with crossing line, deltas of Ganges tidal plan with very low topology and mangroves. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in Bangladesh are greatly different because of variation in advanced and developed technology and the system of the creating legislative recommendations also varies; which could determine changes in sea level and coastal resources as well as habitats. This study targets to detect the background of coastal zone management (ICZM), scope, coastal development, challenges, environmental impacts, and necessary measures. Now, integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is used for coastal development strategy in BD.
这项研究是在孟加拉国(BD)进行的,并作为一项特别任务进行了修订,从沿海条件和特征的角度进行研究和审查,从而确定和批判性地分析综合海岸带管理(ICZM)。孟加拉国的海岸长度为710公里宽。不同动物的沿海生态系统和栖息地主要取决于两国沿海生态的特点和数据分析,这两个国家在沿海生物多样性保护方面有不同的战略和技术,这些战略和技术是重点和汇集在一起的。孟加拉国海岸拥有巨大的生物多样性,这是由瓦状海滩和沙丘支撑的。主要的物理特征是小溪,有大量的交叉河道,恒河潮汐平面的三角洲,地势很低,还有红树林。由于先进和发达的技术各不相同,孟加拉国的沿海区综合管理也大不相同,制定立法建议的制度也各不相同;这可以决定海平面和沿海资源以及栖息地的变化。本研究旨在了解海岸带管理(ICZM)的背景、范围、沿海发展、挑战、环境影响以及必要的措施。目前,BD的沿海发展战略采用海岸带综合管理(ICZM)。
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引用次数: 1
Comparative Environmental, Economic, and Jobs Impacts in the USA of Renewable Energy Compared to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage 与碳捕获、利用和储存相比,美国可再生能源对环境、经济和就业的影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)149
R. Bezdek
This paper assesses the relative economic and jobs benefits of retrofitting an 847 MW USA coal power plant with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology compared to replacing the plant with renewable (RE) energy and battery storage. The research had two major objectives: 1) Estimate the relative environmental, economic, and jobs impacts of CCUS retrofit of the coal plant compared to its replacement by the RE scenario; 2) develop metrics that can be used to compare the jobs impacts of coal fueled power plants to those of renewable energy. The hypotheses tested are: 1) The RE option will reduce CO2 emissions more than the CCUS option. We reject this hypothesis: We found that the CCUS option will reduce CO2 emissions more than the RE option. 2) The RE option will generate greater economic benefits than the CCUS option. We reject this hypothesis: We found that the CCUS option will create greater economic and jobs benefits than the RE option. 3) The RE option will create more jobs per MW than the CCUS option. We reject this hypothesis: We found that the CCUS option will create more jobs per MW more than the RE option. We discuss the implications of these findings.
本文评估了用碳捕集、利用和封存(CCUS)技术改造美国847兆瓦燃煤电厂与用可再生能源(RE)和电池储存取代该电厂的相对经济效益和就业效益。该研究有两个主要目标:1)估计燃煤电厂CCUS改造与可再生能源情景相比对环境、经济和就业的相对影响;2)制定可用于比较燃煤发电厂与可再生能源发电厂对就业的影响的指标。测试的假设是:1)可再生能源选项将比CCUS选项减少更多的二氧化碳排放。我们拒绝这一假设:我们发现CCUS选项比可再生能源选项更能减少二氧化碳排放。2)可再生能源方案将比CCUS方案产生更大的经济效益。我们拒绝这一假设:我们发现CCUS选项将比RE选项创造更大的经济和就业效益。3)可再生能源选项将比CCUS选项每兆瓦创造更多的就业机会。我们拒绝这一假设:我们发现CCUS选项将比可再生能源选项每兆瓦创造更多的就业机会。我们将讨论这些发现的含义。
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引用次数: 0
Your Garbage in the Garbage - It is Necessary to Educate to Aware Awareness 你的垃圾在垃圾里——有必要教育你的意识
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)148
Bruna Pessanha Mello, A. C. P. Oliveira
In Brazil, due to its extensive coastline and climate, there is a great potential for tourism, showing over time the increase in waste that has been incorrectly disposed of. These residues have clearly affected marine animals and even some birds due to being trapped or ingested, leading to the extinction of some species. This work aims to classify the main types of waste left by the population on the beaches of the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, in addition to promoting the awareness of bathers about the impacts on the environment and aquatic life, caused by this waste disposed in incorrect locations. The most abundant items cataloged on the analyzed beaches were cigarette butts, tin rings, bottle caps, charcoal used in barbecues, straws, leftover food that attract many pigeons, among other microwaves. Thus, it is important to emphasize that the best measure to reduce the number of residues on the beaches as well as in other ecosystems is Environmental Education, through awareness about the consequences that residues can generate marine life biota.
在巴西,由于其广阔的海岸线和气候,旅游业有着巨大的潜力,随着时间的推移,被错误处理的废物越来越多。这些残留物显然已经影响到海洋动物,甚至一些鸟类,由于被捕获或摄入,导致一些物种灭绝。这项工作的目的是对人们在里约热内卢西区海滩上留下的主要废物进行分类,此外还提高了游泳者对这些废物在不正确位置处置对环境和水生生物造成的影响的认识。在被分析的海滩上,最丰富的物品是烟头、锡环、瓶盖、烧烤用的木炭、吸管、吸引许多鸽子的剩饭,以及其他微波炉。因此,必须强调的是,减少海滩和其他生态系统中残留物数量的最佳措施是环境教育,通过意识到残留物可能产生海洋生物群落的后果。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) to Eukaryote from Prokaryote 聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)对真核生物和原核生物的重要性
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)147
C. C. Karaderi̇, H. Kahraman
The increase of human population has caused to accumulation of enormous amounts of non-degradable waste substance in our world [1]. Increased utilize of plastic substance in the domestic and industrial section exceeds which poses critical worry as they are no biodegradable, as a result important problems such as environmental pollution, toxicity to human health. At last years, plenty of emphasis has been given in the way of the improvement of microbial-derived biodegradable polymers manufacture [2].
随着人口的增长,世界上积累了大量不可降解的废弃物[1]。塑料物质在家庭和工业部门的使用增加超过了这一水平,因为它们不能生物降解,从而导致环境污染、对人体健康的毒性等重要问题。近年来,人们对微生物衍生的生物降解聚合物制造方法的改进给予了大量重视[2]。
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引用次数: 0
Itaitu-Ba Environmental and Touristic Scenery 伊泰图巴环境与旅游风光
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)146
Renata Elen Santos Macedo
The present work highlights Itaitu-BA, the research presents the interpretive landscapes awakening to tourism. The study aims to know the characteristics of the place wihin the aspects of geography, to make it possible to inquire about preservation measures, to know the conjuncture of the place through the socioenvironmental appoach in accordance with law no 6,938/81. Methodological procedures were based on bibliographic grouds for better epistemological deepening. The reserarch is quantitative and qualitative, a field research was carried out with data col The present work highlights Itaitu-BA, the research presents the interpretive l lection, through questionnaires answered by (40) residents, highlighting and analyzing the evironmental problem, and so, enabling conservation measures, pilot projects, tourism planning, creating conscions resolutions through each of the social actors.
本研究以义大利图- ba为重点,研究了阐释性景观对旅游的觉醒。这项研究的目的是了解该地点在地理方面的特点,以便能够询问保护措施,并根据第6,938/81号法律通过社会环境方法了解该地点的状况。方法程序以书目为基础,以便更好地深化认识论。本研究采用定量和定性相结合的实地调查方法,并利用数据进行了实地调查。本研究突出了Itaitu-BA,通过40名居民回答的问卷,提出了解释性的选择,突出和分析了环境问题,从而使保护措施、试点项目、旅游规划成为可能,并通过每个社会行动者创造良知的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the Design of Postgraduate Management Model at Universities with Geosciences and Environmental Education 地球科学与环境教育类高校研究生管理模式设计研究
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)140
Y. Lei, Xia Lu
The traditional postgraduate education management system has some limitations in its functions and mode of development. It is important to ensure that colleges and universities can remain closed without halting instruction during the pandemic prevention and control period. It is essential to solve the problem of delivering instruction and managing teachers and students at universities that offer geosciences and environmental educations of using multiple device types, both on and off campus. In this article, a new concept of postgraduate education management that can be used to cope with the new conditions is proposed, based on the characteristics of similar institutions as well as the complex functional requirements of postgraduate education management. A design for a postgraduate education management system based on the advantages of microservices architecture is discussed as well. The system helps promote the development of high-quality postgraduate educational offerings at universities with geosciences and environmental educations, optimises the soundness of postgraduate education management modes, and effectively ensures the orderly promotion of online teaching and remote management of postgraduates during the prevention and control period of pandemics, thereby promoting the refinement, understanding, and informationization of postgraduate education management systems.
传统的研究生教育管理系统在功能和发展模式上存在一定的局限性。重要的是要确保在疫情防控期间,高校能够保持关闭状态,不中断教学。在提供地球科学和环境教育的大学中,使用多种设备类型(包括校园内外),解决教学和管理教师和学生的问题至关重要。本文根据同类院校的特点,结合研究生教育管理复杂的功能需求,提出了适应新形势的研究生教育管理新理念。本文还讨论了基于微服务架构优势的研究生教育管理系统的设计。该系统有利于促进地学、环境类高校研究生教育精品建设,优化完善研究生教育管理模式,有效保障疫情防控期间研究生在线教学和远程管理工作有序推进,促进研究生教育管理系统精细化、理性化、信息化。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of a Building Implosion on Ambient Air Quality: A Case Study in an Urban Coastal City 建筑内爆对环境空气质量的影响:以沿海城市为例
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.47363/jeesr/2021(3)142
B. G, Anju Farhana C
This study was carried out to assess the impact of implosion of four multi-storied apartments in an urban coastal city, Kochi, India on the ambient air quality. Air quality monitoring was conducted pre and post demolition stages indicated that there was short-term air quality deterioration surrounding the demolition sites. The increase of SPM, PM10 and PM2.5 was above the permissible limits during demolition which reduced afterwards, but was above the ambient level monitored in the pre demolition stage. In the case of SPM the concentration increased to 3004µgm/m3 during implosion in one of the sites, Golden Kayaloram. This site showed PM10 and PM2.5 also to be above permissible limits during implosion. This is followed by the monitoring sites of Jain Coral Cove, which also showed higher concentration levels above permissible limit during demolition. Other apartments, Alfa Serene and Holyfaith share the same monitoring sites and exceeds permissible limit for SPM and PM2.5 during demolition. In general more sites reported concentration above permissible limits for PM2.5. The average air quality after three months of implosion shows that, the pollutant concentration was much higher than the pre-demolition level. These results clearly show that building implosion is having severe impact on local air quality
本研究旨在评估印度沿海城市高知市四栋多层公寓内爆对环境空气质量的影响。在拆卸前及拆卸后进行的空气质素监测显示,拆卸地点周围的空气质素有短期恶化。拆除过程中SPM、PM10和PM2.5的增幅均高于允许限值,拆除后有所下降,但仍高于拆除前监测的环境水平。在SPM的情况下,在其中一个地点Golden Kayaloram的内爆期间,浓度增加到3004µgm/m3。该站点显示,内爆期间PM10和PM2.5也高于允许限值。紧随其后的是耆那珊瑚湾的监测点,在拆卸过程中也显示出高于容许上限的浓度。其他公寓,阿尔法宁静和圣信共用同一个监测点,拆除时的SPM和PM2.5都超过了允许的上限。总体而言,报告PM2.5浓度超过允许限值的地点更多。爆破后3个月的平均空气质量表明,污染物浓度远高于爆破前水平。这些结果清楚地表明,建筑物内爆对当地空气质量产生了严重影响
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences Research
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