Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-135-161
D. Ivanov, M. Levina
The present article is a review of the prospective adoption of a legally binding instrument to regulate, in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations (TNCs) and other business enterprises presently being developed under U.N. auspices, aiming for legal control of TNCs’ business functioning. The necessity for international legal control of their business’ functioning with respect to human rights cannot be underestimated as their influence has grown since striving for dominance in world commodity markets and in leading sectors of the global economy. However, quite a number of scholars question the fact that TNCs are not presently recognized as legal personalities rendering the immediate application of international law principles to their business activities all but practically impossible. At the same time, the majority of so called “soft law” principles developed in the U.N. framework in the past fifty years are nothing more than recommendations to TNCs, thus, emphasizing the urgency of developing a legally binding instrument which primarily governs transnational corporations with respect to human rights. Nevertheless, the prospective adoption of a future treaty, currently being developed by the Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations and other Business Enterprises with Respect to Human Rights, does not look highly promising due to a number of fundamental flaws and inconsistencies analyzed below.
{"title":"Prospects of International Legal Cooperation of States Under U.N. Auspices in Developing a Treaty on Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises with Respect to Human Rights","authors":"D. Ivanov, M. Levina","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-135-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-135-161","url":null,"abstract":"The present article is a review of the prospective adoption of a legally binding instrument to regulate, in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations (TNCs) and other business enterprises presently being developed under U.N. auspices, aiming for legal control of TNCs’ business functioning. The necessity for international legal control of their business’ functioning with respect to human rights cannot be underestimated as their influence has grown since striving for dominance in world commodity markets and in leading sectors of the global economy. However, quite a number of scholars question the fact that TNCs are not presently recognized as legal personalities rendering the immediate application of international law principles to their business activities all but practically impossible. At the same time, the majority of so called “soft law” principles developed in the U.N. framework in the past fifty years are nothing more than recommendations to TNCs, thus, emphasizing the urgency of developing a legally binding instrument which primarily governs transnational corporations with respect to human rights. Nevertheless, the prospective adoption of a future treaty, currently being developed by the Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations and other Business Enterprises with Respect to Human Rights, does not look highly promising due to a number of fundamental flaws and inconsistencies analyzed below.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"135-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42500658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-116-134
A. Tiwari, G. Shukla
The Indian economy has seen steady and sustainable growth over the past decade, even though other countries have been cash-strapped and suffering from stagnation. Most of this development is due to the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India through cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and the unparalleled rise in the size and number of cross-border M&A in India with a favourable market climate for such trade. As a business strategy, cross-border M&As in India are rife with many legal complexities and issues. This paper documents the steady growth of cross-border M&A activity in India over the years and presents a comprehensive depiction of cross-border M&As, what the applicable laws are, what the legal issues and complexities involved are, and finally how they can be offset. The paper highlights the tax implications and issues involved in a cross-border M&A and how far the Income Tax Act, 1961 is attuned with the corporate laws in force to promote cross-border M&As in India. The paper concludes with a broader observation that cross-border M&As bring massive economic benefits and global stature to a growing economic superpower like India. For this reason, the business and legal environment should be made more conducive to cross-border M&A activity.
{"title":"Emerging Trends in Cross-Border Mergers and Their Tax Implications in India: A Critical Appraisal","authors":"A. Tiwari, G. Shukla","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-116-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-116-134","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian economy has seen steady and sustainable growth over the past decade, even though other countries have been cash-strapped and suffering from stagnation. Most of this development is due to the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India through cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and the unparalleled rise in the size and number of cross-border M&A in India with a favourable market climate for such trade. As a business strategy, cross-border M&As in India are rife with many legal complexities and issues. This paper documents the steady growth of cross-border M&A activity in India over the years and presents a comprehensive depiction of cross-border M&As, what the applicable laws are, what the legal issues and complexities involved are, and finally how they can be offset. The paper highlights the tax implications and issues involved in a cross-border M&A and how far the Income Tax Act, 1961 is attuned with the corporate laws in force to promote cross-border M&As in India. The paper concludes with a broader observation that cross-border M&As bring massive economic benefits and global stature to a growing economic superpower like India. For this reason, the business and legal environment should be made more conducive to cross-border M&A activity.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48689047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-63-85
E. Balayan
The objective of this research paper is to provide an in-depth analysis of the essence of the constitutional and legal regulation of personal status, which is the primary obligation of present-day national governments with respect to preserving and protecting major human values when globalisation processes are underway. Consistent and comprehensive human development, politicisation of the law, the elimination of poverty, the fight for equality, global economic injustice, the search for a new ideal constitutional model and other issues are relevant and are on the agenda for the entire global society. Countries with different economic levels of development, historical traditions, cultural origins, and legal systems have varying concepts of human rights, freedoms and duties, which they implement in practice in various ways. These issues are of paramount importance for Russia, which has equal participation rights in matters of international relations and in the system for global governance and international law making. Solving the problem of satisfying the national interest and preserving prestige and the standard of living of every person depends on the primary social responsibility of each person and on the active role of the modern state. Most of all, it is necessary to solve functional problems that are simultaneously political, scientific, organisational, and legal. The most important task here is to enhance the effectiveness of the activity of the state system and the local self-government authorities. To achieve its objective, the paper utilises general scientific-scholarly methods, and specific scientificscholarly research methods including those denominated concrete-historical, logically historical, system-based, comparative legal (law), among others.
{"title":"The Impact of Globalisation on the Constitutional Regulation of Human Rights","authors":"E. Balayan","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-63-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-63-85","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research paper is to provide an in-depth analysis of the essence of the constitutional and legal regulation of personal status, which is the primary obligation of present-day national governments with respect to preserving and protecting major human values when globalisation processes are underway. Consistent and comprehensive human development, politicisation of the law, the elimination of poverty, the fight for equality, global economic injustice, the search for a new ideal constitutional model and other issues are relevant and are on the agenda for the entire global society. Countries with different economic levels of development, historical traditions, cultural origins, and legal systems have varying concepts of human rights, freedoms and duties, which they implement in practice in various ways. These issues are of paramount importance for Russia, which has equal participation rights in matters of international relations and in the system for global governance and international law making. Solving the problem of satisfying the national interest and preserving prestige and the standard of living of every person depends on the primary social responsibility of each person and on the active role of the modern state. Most of all, it is necessary to solve functional problems that are simultaneously political, scientific, organisational, and legal. The most important task here is to enhance the effectiveness of the activity of the state system and the local self-government authorities. To achieve its objective, the paper utilises general scientific-scholarly methods, and specific scientificscholarly research methods including those denominated concrete-historical, logically historical, system-based, comparative legal (law), among others.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43155986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-86-115
D. Cyman, E. Gromova, E. Juchnevicius
Global digitization and the emergence of Artificial Intelligence-based technologies pose challenges for all countries. The BRICS and European Union countries are no exception. BRICS as well as the European Union seek to strengthen their positions as leading actors on the world stage. At the present time, an essential means of doing so is for BRICS and the EU to implement smart policy and create suitable conditions for the development of digital technologies, including AI. For this reason, one of the most important tasks for BRICS and the EU is to develop an adequate approach to the regulation of AI-based technologies. This research paper is an analysis of the current approaches to the regulation of AI at the BRICS group level, in each of the BRICS countries, and in the European Union. The analysis is based on the application of comparative and formal juridical analysis of the legislation of the selected countries on AI and other digital technologies. The results of the analysis lead the authors to conclude that it is necessary to design ageneral approach to the regulation of these technologies for the BRICS countries similar to the approach chosen in the EU (the trustworthy approach) and to upgrade this legislation to achieve positive effects from digital transformation. The authors offer several suggestions for optimization of the provisions of the legislation, including designing a model legal act in the sphere of AI.
{"title":"Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in BRICS and the European Union","authors":"D. Cyman, E. Gromova, E. Juchnevicius","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-86-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-86-115","url":null,"abstract":"Global digitization and the emergence of Artificial Intelligence-based technologies pose challenges for all countries. The BRICS and European Union countries are no exception. BRICS as well as the European Union seek to strengthen their positions as leading actors on the world stage. At the present time, an essential means of doing so is for BRICS and the EU to implement smart policy and create suitable conditions for the development of digital technologies, including AI. For this reason, one of the most important tasks for BRICS and the EU is to develop an adequate approach to the regulation of AI-based technologies. This research paper is an analysis of the current approaches to the regulation of AI at the BRICS group level, in each of the BRICS countries, and in the European Union. The analysis is based on the application of comparative and formal juridical analysis of the legislation of the selected countries on AI and other digital technologies. The results of the analysis lead the authors to conclude that it is necessary to design ageneral approach to the regulation of these technologies for the BRICS countries similar to the approach chosen in the EU (the trustworthy approach) and to upgrade this legislation to achieve positive effects from digital transformation. The authors offer several suggestions for optimization of the provisions of the legislation, including designing a model legal act in the sphere of AI.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48939378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-8-34
B. Asadov, V. Gavrilenko, S. Nemchenko
The article is devoted to the examination of the formation of new vectors for international relations development within the global format of cooperation. The establishment and unification of BRICS in the international legal sphere through a wide range of common interests and views of its members towards issues facing the modern world reflect objective tendencies of world development to the formation of amultipolar international relations system and determination of particular large country actors of broad integration and having many dimensions. The authors reveal particular characteristics of the international-legal status of BRICS, which make it possible to have an effective impact on challenges facing the modern world. The legal BRICS status differs crucially from traditional legal approaches to international organizations. Acting as a special subject of world politics, creating more trusted interaction conditions, BRICS focuses its attention on the alternative world order principles within the new model of global relations. Such a format of multilateral cooperation, as well as more trusted and additional mechanisms of international interaction, gives the members an opportunity to demonstrate their geopolitical and geoeconomic world significance, and in addition their demanded humanitarian role, which, as the analysis of the mentioned actor demonstrates, is aimed at forming its own interaction model. The logic of the BRICS agenda extension to the level of an important global management system element demonstrates the goal in the field of action and, accordingly, intensive progress of humanitarian imperatives. For these humanitarian imperatives, the issues of international peacekeeping, security, protection, encouraging human rights and providing stable development are an objective necessity, especially for active demonstration of the members’ viewpoints on the international scene. For understanding the process of the alignment of international security humanitarian imperatives it is necessary to study the existing objective needs in conjunction with each country, member of BRICS.
{"title":"BRICS in International Legal Space: Humanitarian Imperatives of International Security","authors":"B. Asadov, V. Gavrilenko, S. Nemchenko","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-8-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-8-34","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the examination of the formation of new vectors for international relations development within the global format of cooperation. The establishment and unification of BRICS in the international legal sphere through a wide range of common interests and views of its members towards issues facing the modern world reflect objective tendencies of world development to the formation of amultipolar international relations system and determination of particular large country actors of broad integration and having many dimensions. The authors reveal particular characteristics of the international-legal status of BRICS, which make it possible to have an effective impact on challenges facing the modern world. The legal BRICS status differs crucially from traditional legal approaches to international organizations. Acting as a special subject of world politics, creating more trusted interaction conditions, BRICS focuses its attention on the alternative world order principles within the new model of global relations. Such a format of multilateral cooperation, as well as more trusted and additional mechanisms of international interaction, gives the members an opportunity to demonstrate their geopolitical and geoeconomic world significance, and in addition their demanded humanitarian role, which, as the analysis of the mentioned actor demonstrates, is aimed at forming its own interaction model. The logic of the BRICS agenda extension to the level of an important global management system element demonstrates the goal in the field of action and, accordingly, intensive progress of humanitarian imperatives. For these humanitarian imperatives, the issues of international peacekeeping, security, protection, encouraging human rights and providing stable development are an objective necessity, especially for active demonstration of the members’ viewpoints on the international scene. For understanding the process of the alignment of international security humanitarian imperatives it is necessary to study the existing objective needs in conjunction with each country, member of BRICS.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42193078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-5-7
E. Gladun
.
{"title":"Chief Editor’s Note on New Opportunities for BRICS-Related Research and Collaboration","authors":"E. Gladun","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-5-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2021-8-1-5-7","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45487132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-177-186
E. Gladun, R. V. D. Merwe
International Research and Educational Program “BRICS School” took place in Moscow on 5–10 October 2020.
“金砖国家学校”国际研究与教育项目于2020年10月5日至10日在莫斯科举行。
{"title":"People-Centered Approach and Youth Participation in BRICS: A Case of BRICS School","authors":"E. Gladun, R. V. D. Merwe","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-177-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-177-186","url":null,"abstract":"International Research and Educational Program “BRICS School” took place in Moscow on 5–10 October 2020.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41505385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-85-126
A. Boraine
This article discusses how foreign companies doing business in South Africa during periods of financial distress and registered locally as external companies are, as a recent High Court decision confirms, denied the formal debt-relief measures of business rescue and therefore a compromise with creditors because of being excluded by the definition of “company” in the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Nor, for the same reason, may these companies, if solvent, rely on the current liquidation procedures. But they may possibly use the procedure preserved in the otherwise repealed Companies Act 61 of 1973 for liquidation as far as the transitional arrangements in the Companies Act 71 of 2008 allow. The purposive solution suggested in this article for the interplay between the two Acts may need legislative attention. This article surveys other possibilities relevant to these companies such as informal voluntary arrangements, applications for winding-up, ordinary debt collection, and perhaps compulsory sequestration applications. Finally, it raises the policy issue for the legislature to consider why these companies should be denied business rescue and/or a compromise with their creditors when these formal debtrelief measures might help them survive their financial stress and emerge stronger, to the advantage of themselves, their creditors, their stakeholders and communities, and the entire nation. It is submitted that these issues could and should be considered as part of the current law reform process of South African insolvency law.
{"title":"Formal Debt-Relief, Rescue and Liquidation Options for External Companies in South Africa","authors":"A. Boraine","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-85-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-85-126","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses how foreign companies doing business in South Africa during periods of financial distress and registered locally as external companies are, as a recent High Court decision confirms, denied the formal debt-relief measures of business rescue and therefore a compromise with creditors because of being excluded by the definition of “company” in the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Nor, for the same reason, may these companies, if solvent, rely on the current liquidation procedures. But they may possibly use the procedure preserved in the otherwise repealed Companies Act 61 of 1973 for liquidation as far as the transitional arrangements in the Companies Act 71 of 2008 allow. The purposive solution suggested in this article for the interplay between the two Acts may need legislative attention. This article surveys other possibilities relevant to these companies such as informal voluntary arrangements, applications for winding-up, ordinary debt collection, and perhaps compulsory sequestration applications. Finally, it raises the policy issue for the legislature to consider why these companies should be denied business rescue and/or a compromise with their creditors when these formal debtrelief measures might help them survive their financial stress and emerge stronger, to the advantage of themselves, their creditors, their stakeholders and communities, and the entire nation. It is submitted that these issues could and should be considered as part of the current law reform process of South African insolvency law.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45202384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-153-176
Z. Koryakina, Y. Zhegusov
The relevance of the research issue is its novelty and socially significant conditionality provided by law of the legal and social “scenario” of responsible parenthood, prescribing common standards for parents raising minors. It is well known that the regulation of family relations, including parents and children, is one of the most relevant international research topics. In this regard, this article aims to obtain an overall view of the institution of responsible parenthood, included in the legal regulation in a set of rules and regulations established by the state and forming its special content. The leading approach (method) to the study of this problem is legal and sociological, allowing for a comprehensive review of the legal and social content of responsible parenthood on the example of regulation. The article presents relevant issues of responsible parenthood and its development based on specific laws; revealing its legal and social content while considering the potential of this type of parenthood. The research has scientific novelty, as it is the first attempt to consider the legal model of responsible parenthood on the example of Russian legislation. These materials can provide theoretical and practical value for further scientific research, as well as updating the regulatory approach to the regulation of family relations.
{"title":"The Legal Model of Responsible Parenthood on The Example of Regional Legislation of the Russian Federation","authors":"Z. Koryakina, Y. Zhegusov","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-153-176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-153-176","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the research issue is its novelty and socially significant conditionality provided by law of the legal and social “scenario” of responsible parenthood, prescribing common standards for parents raising minors. It is well known that the regulation of family relations, including parents and children, is one of the most relevant international research topics. In this regard, this article aims to obtain an overall view of the institution of responsible parenthood, included in the legal regulation in a set of rules and regulations established by the state and forming its special content. The leading approach (method) to the study of this problem is legal and sociological, allowing for a comprehensive review of the legal and social content of responsible parenthood on the example of regulation. The article presents relevant issues of responsible parenthood and its development based on specific laws; revealing its legal and social content while considering the potential of this type of parenthood. The research has scientific novelty, as it is the first attempt to consider the legal model of responsible parenthood on the example of Russian legislation. These materials can provide theoretical and practical value for further scientific research, as well as updating the regulatory approach to the regulation of family relations.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49333405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-4-44
E. Sychenko, M. Laruccia, D. Cusciano, I. Chikireva, J. Wang, P. Smit
Non-standardization of employment has become the main trend of the labour markets in the globalized economy. Attempting to enhance the flexibility of employment relations the legislators in BRICS countries are also the part of this trend. The forms of the nonstandard employment are numerous, the present paper concentrates upon the following ones: temporary employment, part-time and multi-party employment relationship. The authors review the experience of four BRICS countries in regulating non-standard forms of employment and determine what were the specific reasons for adopting them in Russia, China, Brazil, and South Africa. The national parts are introduced by the consideration of the international standards of protection of employees working under non-standard contracts. It is argued that even though these four states did not ratify the ILO Convention No. 181 Private Employment Agencies Convention (1997) and only Russia ratified ILO Part-Time Work Convention (No. 175), the ILO approach has influenced the development of national regulations. Though the equal treatment of all workers is lacking in many aspects of employment relations. In the national parts the authors trace the changes in employment law which reflect the pursuit of flexibilization of the labour market and, as in Brazil, the need to formalize employment relations.
{"title":"Non-Standard Employment in the BRICS Countries","authors":"E. Sychenko, M. Laruccia, D. Cusciano, I. Chikireva, J. Wang, P. Smit","doi":"10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-4-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-4-4-44","url":null,"abstract":"Non-standardization of employment has become the main trend of the labour markets in the globalized economy. Attempting to enhance the flexibility of employment relations the legislators in BRICS countries are also the part of this trend. The forms of the nonstandard employment are numerous, the present paper concentrates upon the following ones: temporary employment, part-time and multi-party employment relationship. The authors review the experience of four BRICS countries in regulating non-standard forms of employment and determine what were the specific reasons for adopting them in Russia, China, Brazil, and South Africa. The national parts are introduced by the consideration of the international standards of protection of employees working under non-standard contracts. It is argued that even though these four states did not ratify the ILO Convention No. 181 Private Employment Agencies Convention (1997) and only Russia ratified ILO Part-Time Work Convention (No. 175), the ILO approach has influenced the development of national regulations. Though the equal treatment of all workers is lacking in many aspects of employment relations. In the national parts the authors trace the changes in employment law which reflect the pursuit of flexibilization of the labour market and, as in Brazil, the need to formalize employment relations.","PeriodicalId":41782,"journal":{"name":"BRICS Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46894794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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