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Regional development trends in West Bohemia with a special focus on peripheral areas 西波西米亚的区域发展趋势,特别关注周边地区
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-27 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.18
Martin Kebza, Camilla Do Carmo Perotto
In this article, we study regional development trends in the Czech region of West Bohemia through the application of the core-periphery concept. In particular, we focus on the peripheral areas of West Bohemia, the development and differences between its core and periphery, and on the processes of peripheralization. We have used both ‘scalar’ and ‘vector’ indicators in the hierarchical cluster analysis. It revealed selective convergent and divergent trends of the core and periphery, in which the peripheralization takes place through the geographic expansion of existing peripheries rather than through the emergence of new isolated peripheries.
本文运用核心-边缘概念研究了西波西米亚捷克地区的区域发展趋势。我们特别关注西波西米亚的外围地区,其核心与外围的发展与差异,以及外围化的过程。我们在分层聚类分析中同时使用了“标量”和“矢量”指标。它揭示了核心和外围的选择性趋同和分化趋势,其中外围化是通过现有外围的地理扩张而不是通过新的孤立外围的出现而发生的。
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引用次数: 1
Investigations and monitoring of deep-seated rock slides in feasibility studies for dam reservoirs 大坝水库可行性研究中深层滑坡的调查与监测
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.15
C. Zangerl, T. Strauhal
This contribution presents a brief overview of investigation and monitoring methods which may help to detect and localise deep-seated rock slides in the surroundings of reservoirs. The identification and localisation of critical slopes and ancient/pre-existing rock slides in the early stage of a project (i.e. feasibility study) is essential to avoid endangering the planned infrastructure project and if necessary, adapting the project. The knowledge about deep-seated rock slides has increased over the decades. In particular, new insight was gained about rock slide geometry, kinematics, temporal deformation behaviour, hydrogeology and geomechanics. Major technical and methodical improvements have been made in recent years concerning the successful application of terrestrial and airborne based remote sensing tools to measure 2D/3D slope deformations on surface and to develop high-resolution digital terrain models for detailed geomorphological-geological mapping and geological-geometrical model design.
本文简要介绍了有助于探测和定位水库周围深部岩石滑坡的调查和监测方法。在工程项目的早期阶段(即可行性研究),识别和确定关键斜坡和古老/已存在的岩石滑坡的位置,对避免危及已规划的基建工程至关重要,并在有需要时调整工程项目。几十年来,人们对深层岩石滑坡的了解有所增加。特别是,获得了关于岩石滑动几何,运动学,时间变形行为,水文地质和地质力学的新见解。近年来,陆地和航空遥感工具成功应用于测量地表二维/三维斜坡变形,并开发高分辨率数字地形模型,用于详细的地貌地质填图和地质几何模型设计,在技术和方法上取得了重大进展。
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引用次数: 1
Which subjects contribute to the teaching of cross-curricular topic Environmental Education at elementary schools in Czechia? 在捷克的小学,哪些科目有助于跨学科主题环境教育的教学?
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-21 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.14
T. Matějček, Jan Bartoš, Silvie R. Kučerová
This article summarizes the results of the research focused on the realization of the cross-curricular subject Environmental Education (CCSEE) at elementary schools (pupils’ age 6–15 years) in Czechia. The introduction of cross-curricular subjects into the Czech educational system is linked to curricular reform and it has been implemented in Czech schools since 2007. CCSEE is one of the six currently implemented cross-curricular topics. The main objective of the present study is to determine which school subjects are involved in its implementation. The study was conducted through an internet questionnaire and responses were received from 640 schools. Data were processed by basic statistical methods. A school typology depending on the subjects involved in implementing EE was developed with the help of cluster analysis. The research shows that EE is implemented through most subjects, but their representation varies considerably for individual schools.
本文总结了捷克小学(6-15岁学生)跨学科学科环境教育(CCSEE)实施的研究结果。在捷克教育体系中引入跨学科科目与课程改革有关,自2007年以来一直在捷克学校实施。CCSEE是目前实施的六个跨学科课题之一。本研究的主要目的是确定哪些学校科目参与其实施。这项研究通过网络问卷进行,收到了640所学校的回复。数据采用基本统计方法处理。在聚类分析的帮助下,根据参与实施情感表达的科目,开发了一种学校类型。研究表明,大多数科目都实施了情感表达,但各个学校的表现差异很大。
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引用次数: 1
Are the Czech or Slovak regions “closer to Europe”? Pro-Europeanness from a subnational perspective 捷克和斯洛伐克地区“更接近欧洲”吗?次国家视角下的亲欧主义
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.13
Martin Plešivčák
Based on the 2003–2019 electoral data, this article evaluates the level of pro-Europeanness in Czechia and Slovakia at the regional and sub-regional levels during and after their EU accession period. The TOPSIS multi-criteria evaluation method and cluster analysis were used to quantify the pro-European levels and to create the subsequent categories of territorial units. The results show support for the ideas of European integration primarily in large urban regions (Prague, Brno, Bratislava, Košice), territorial units with a higher concentration of ethnic minorities, larger scale agricultural activities (southwestern Slovakia), and a high degree of religiosity (northeastern Slovakia). The low level of pro-Europeanness was predominant in the less developed north-western Czechia and parts of Moravia. In Slovakia, the Eurosceptic regions were mostly located in the northwest, where the values of statism, egalitarianism and nationalism have a strong tradition. This approach can be used to identify areas of weak support for the EU project at a spatially disaggregated level in other EU countries.
基于2003-2019年的选举数据,本文评估了捷克和斯洛伐克在加入欧盟期间和之后在区域和次区域层面的亲欧程度。采用TOPSIS多标准评价方法和聚类分析对亲欧水平进行量化,并创建后续的领土单位类别。结果显示,支持欧洲一体化思想的主要是大城市地区(布拉格、布尔诺、布拉迪斯拉发,Košice)、少数民族集中度较高的领土单位、规模较大的农业活动(斯洛伐克西南部)和高度的宗教信仰(斯洛伐克东北部)。在欠发达的捷克西北部和摩拉维亚的部分地区,低水平的亲欧主义占主导地位。在斯洛伐克,欧洲怀疑主义地区主要位于西北部,那里的国家主义、平均主义和民族主义价值观有着很强的传统。这种方法可用于确定其他欧盟国家在空间分类层面上对欧盟项目支持薄弱的领域。
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引用次数: 0
A comparison of actual evapotranspiration estimates based on Remote Sensing approaches with a classical climate data driven method 基于遥感方法的实际蒸散估算与经典气候数据驱动方法的比较
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-18 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.12
Soghra Tofigh, D. Rahimi, R. Zakerinejad
The knowledge of actual evapotranspiration at farm level is a prerequisite for irrigation planning, farm management, to increase production and reduce water consumption. To accomplish this, comprehensive and accurate assessment methods should be applied. In order to evaluate accurately evapotranspiration processes we compared lysimeter evapotranspiration data with MODIS (Aqua and Terra satellites) and LANDSAT (SEBAL algorithm) satellite images as well as with the FAO Penman-Montith method. The findings indicate the low error rate, high correlation (1) and appropriateness of SEBAL in estimating actual evapotranspiration. The error values MAD, MSE and RMSE between lysimeter and the SEBAL algorithm were 0.59, 0.36 and 0.60 respectively. The second best performance was established for the FAO Penman-Montith method. The obtained error values MAD, MSE and RMSE between the lysimeter and FAO-Penman-Montith method are 0.91, 1.29 and 1.13, respectively.
了解农场层面的实际蒸散量是灌溉规划、农场管理、提高产量和减少水消耗的先决条件。为此,应采用全面、准确的评价方法。为了准确评估蒸散过程,我们将蒸散计蒸散数据与MODIS (Aqua和Terra卫星)和LANDSAT (SEBAL算法)卫星图像以及粮农组织penman - month方法进行了比较。结果表明,SEBAL在估算实际蒸散量时错误率低、相关性高(1)、适宜性好。蒸渗仪与SEBAL算法的误差值MAD、MSE和RMSE分别为0.59、0.36和0.60。第二好的表现是粮农组织penman - month方法。蒸渗仪与fao - penman - month方法的误差值MAD、MSE和RMSE分别为0.91、1.29和1.13。
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引用次数: 3
Flood susceptibility mapping in Erythropotamos river basin with the aid of Remote Sensing and GIS 基于遥感和GIS的红壤河流域洪水易感度制图
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-31 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.11
C. Domakinis, A. Mouratidis, K. Voudouris, T. Astaras, M. Karypidou
Erythropotamos is a tributary of river Evros and during the last decade its drainage basin flooded many times, causing extensive damage on properties. In order to assess flood susceptibility in the aforementioned study area, the inundated areas of floods that occurred in 2010, 2017 and 2018 were initially delineated with the aid of SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imagery by applying an established flood delineation methodology. Subsequently, flood susceptibility mapping was conducted for the study area by applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Topographical, hydrological and meteorological factors were used and each one of them was classified into three (3) flood susceptibility categories (low, medium and high). The determination of the importance for each factor over the others, which is the main objective of this research, was decided according to the proportion of the 2010 inundated area, captured by ENVISAT/ASAR imagery, which intersected with each factor’s high susceptibility class. Finally, the resulting flood susceptibility map was validated according with the inundated areas of the 2017 and 2018 flood events, captured by SENTINEL – 1 A/B imagery, indicating that approximately 60% of both of these areas intersected with the map’s high susceptibility zone.
red potamos是埃夫罗斯河(river Evros)的一条支流,在过去十年中,其流域多次淹水,对财产造成了广泛的破坏。为了评估研究区的洪水易感性,本文采用已建立的洪水圈定方法,借助合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像,初步圈定了2010年、2017年和2018年发生洪水的淹没区域。随后,应用层次分析法(AHP)对研究区进行洪水敏感性制图。利用地形、水文和气象因子,将其分别划分为低、中、高3类洪水易感性。确定每个因素相对于其他因素的重要性是本研究的主要目标,这是根据ENVISAT/ASAR图像捕获的2010年淹没面积的比例决定的,该比例与每个因素的高敏感等级相交。最后,根据SENTINEL - 1 A/B图像捕获的2017年和2018年洪水事件的淹没区域对所得的洪水易感度图进行验证,结果表明,这两个区域中约有60%与地图的高易感区相交。
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引用次数: 4
Symbolic and social boundaries of the integration of Russian immigrants in Czechia 俄罗斯移民在捷克融合的象征与社会边界
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.10
E. Ignatyeva
This article focuses on the integration process of Russian immigrants into Czech society. The integration of immigrants into Czech society is a key topic in the public debate as well as a political issue. Ukrainians, Slovaks, Vietnamese, and Russians are the most numerous groups within the half-million migrant population. Czechia is therefore predominantly attractive to non-EU immigrants. Representing highly educated and financially well-secured migrants who come as entire families, the Russians are distinct from other Eastern European immigrants. However, various factors hinder their integration. The article discusses the factors that shape symbolic and social boundaries in this integration process: (1) the development of Czech-Russian relationships that have been influenced by dramatic past events, (2) the representation of Russians in Czech media, (3) their specific socio-economic status, and (4) Czech immigration and integration policies. Negative experience, socio-economic inequalities, strict implementation of immigration policies towards third-country immigrants, and an unfavourable media discourse affect the attitudes of the majority toward the Russians and limit meaningful encounters.
本文主要研究俄罗斯移民融入捷克社会的过程。移民融入捷克社会是公共辩论的一个关键话题,也是一个政治问题。乌克兰人、斯洛伐克人、越南人和俄罗斯人是50万移民人口中人数最多的群体。因此,捷克主要对非欧盟移民具有吸引力。俄罗斯人代表着受过高等教育、经济状况良好的移民,他们全家一起来,与其他东欧移民截然不同。然而,各种因素阻碍了它们的整合。本文讨论了在这一融合过程中形成象征和社会边界的因素:(1)受过去戏剧性事件影响的捷克-俄罗斯关系的发展,(2)俄罗斯人在捷克媒体中的代表性,(3)他们特定的社会经济地位,以及(4)捷克的移民和融合政策。负面的经历、社会经济不平等、对第三国移民严格执行的移民政策以及不利的媒体话语影响了大多数人对俄罗斯人的态度,并限制了有意义的接触。
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引用次数: 1
Introducing historical landscape in the cultural heritage conservation through the example of the Tokaj wine region in Hungary 以匈牙利托卡伊葡萄酒产区为例,介绍文化遗产保护中的历史景观
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-05-20 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.8
K. Albert
The Tokaj wine region has been declared as a historical landscape by the decree of the National Ministry of Human Capacities in 2012. The historical landscape is defined in the Act LXIV of 2001 on the Protection of Cultural Heritage as an area under the preservation of Historical Monuments. The Tokaj Wine Region is the only legally recognized historical landscape in Hungary. This protection aims to preserve the historical built and natural environment as well as the traditional land use methods. The historical landscape, in the case of Tokaj, is a legal tool to increase the heritage protection level of the wine region. Nevertheless, no further details have yet been communicated on the preservation method. In this matter, protection remains on the level of discourse which puts emphasis on the expected perspectives in territorial planning and development. It may create a narrative that might potentially transform the territory. The region of our case study has been inscribed as a cultural landscape on the UNESCO World Heritage List and was added to the World Heritage List in 2002. Besides, the national government recognized the region as a territory of priority development in 2014 and a territory of priority touristic development in 2017. The area in question is marked by the stark contrast between social inequality and the image of the prestigious wine sector. In this paper, after providing a discussion of the institutional background of the adoption of the historical landscape in Hungary, I describe the different protection tools from the perspective of heritage conservation in order to reflect on the conception of the historical landscape: how was the region recognized as a historical landscape, and what was the purpose of this recognition? The main aim of the paper is to analyse the institutional process that led to the integration of a new object of protection in Hungary, called historical landscape.
2012年,托卡伊葡萄酒产区被国家人力资源部的法令宣布为历史景观。2001年《保护文化遗产法》将历史景观定义为保护历史遗迹的区域。托卡伊葡萄酒产区是匈牙利唯一被法律认可的历史景观。这项保护旨在保存历史建筑和自然环境,以及传统的土地使用方式。就托卡伊而言,历史景观是提高葡萄酒产区遗产保护水平的法律工具。然而,关于保存方法的进一步细节尚未公布。在这个问题上,保护仍然停留在话语层面,强调领土规划和发展的预期前景。它可能会创造一种可能改变这片领土的叙事。我们个案研究的地区已作为文化景观列入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》,并于2002年被列入《世界遗产名录》。此外,国家政府于2014年将该地区确定为优先开发地区,并于2017年将该地区确定为优先旅游发展地区。该地区的社会不平等与享有盛誉的葡萄酒行业的形象形成鲜明对比。在本文中,在讨论了匈牙利采用历史景观的制度背景之后,我从遗产保护的角度描述了不同的保护工具,以反思历史景观的概念:该地区是如何被认可为历史景观的,这种认可的目的是什么?本文的主要目的是分析导致匈牙利新保护对象整合的制度过程,称为历史景观。
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引用次数: 3
The impact of external institutional shocks on Russian regions 外部制度冲击对俄罗斯地区的影响
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-05-14 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.7
I. Danilova, O. Bogdanova, A. Karpushkina, Tatiana Karetnikova
The aim is to assess the susceptibility of the regional economy to shocks associated with unexpected changes in institutional rules, trading instruments, as well as accession to international organizations. The impulse response approach to the study of shocks served as a methodological basis. The authors propose and test a new methodological approach that consists in identifying regions characterized by persistent development or a potential for changing the gross regional product as a response to an external shock impulse. It also allows to determine resonant factors that affect the vulnerability, depth and scale of economic consequences. The study reveals that an external institutional shock influences the economic development of regions in various ways, which is due to a number of vulnerability factors. This leads to the formation of territories that differ in the level of susceptibility to shocks and possess the ability to maintain the trend of economic development.
其目的是评估区域经济对体制规则、贸易手段以及加入国际组织的意外变化所带来的冲击的敏感性。冲击研究的脉冲响应方法是一种方法论基础。作者提出并测试了一种新的方法方法,该方法包括确定以持续发展为特征的区域,或作为对外部冲击冲动的反应而改变区域生产总值的潜力。它还可以确定影响经济后果的脆弱性、深度和规模的共振因素。研究表明,外部制度冲击以多种方式影响区域经济发展,这是由于许多脆弱性因素造成的。这就形成了受冲击程度不同,但又有能力维持经济发展趋势的区域。
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引用次数: 2
Feminist approaches in the geographies of religion: experience, emotions, everydayness and embodiment in postsecular society and space 宗教地理学中的女性主义方法:后世俗社会和空间中的经验、情感、日常性和体现
IF 0.6 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2020.9
Kamila Klingorová
Recently, geography has included in research the increasing role of religion in postmodern Western society and space. Religion is no more being understood as an objective truth, but as an individual experience of a person with a significant impact on the perception of space and place-making. This problematic undoubtedly requires a new theoretical and empirical perception in the new geographies of religion. This paper appeals for the geographical study of the relation between religion and (postsecular) space could be significantly enhanced using feminist approaches, which enable the inclusion of personal experiences and individuality in the geographies of religion. Using the feminist approaches, the changes in religious climate, ongoing currently in the West, including Czechia, could be better addressed in geography. Thus, the paper theoretically discusses the potential of feminist approaches and argues especially for the relevancy of four topics, personal experience of people, emotions, embodiment, and the everydayness, which can offer new insights into understandings of the relation between religion and space. Similarly, methodologies used by feminist scholars provide unique option for getting to know how religious people interact with sacred as well as secular space. Therefore, the paper aims to justify the contribution of feminist approaches and the empirical research considering the creation of sacred space and framing the everyday religious experience of people.
近年来,地理学已将宗教在后现代西方社会和空间中日益重要的作用纳入研究范围。宗教不再被理解为一种客观真理,而是作为一个人的个人经验,对空间和场所的感知产生重大影响。这个问题无疑需要在新的宗教地理中有新的理论和经验认识。本文呼吁,利用女性主义的方法,可以显著加强宗教与(后世俗)空间关系的地理学研究,使个人经验和个性得以纳入宗教地理学。利用女权主义的方法,宗教气候的变化,目前正在西方,包括捷克,可以更好地解决地理学。因此,本文从理论上探讨了女性主义研究方法的潜力,并特别讨论了个人经验、情感、化身和日常四个主题的相关性,这可以为理解宗教与空间的关系提供新的视角。同样,女权主义学者使用的方法为了解宗教人士如何与神圣和世俗空间互动提供了独特的选择。因此,本文旨在证明女权主义方法的贡献,以及考虑神圣空间创造和构建人们日常宗教体验的实证研究。
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引用次数: 6
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AUC Geographica
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