Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.13
M. Daniel, J. Kalvoda
This paper describes the course of migration and expansion of small mammals in the Makalu Barun region influenced by the orogenetic uplift of the East Nepal Himalaya and climatically conditioned changes in the extent of morphogenetic zones from the Upper Pleistocene up to the present. The results of zoological and parasitological research are compounded with the knowledge of the dynamic development of landforms, which testifies to significant changes in the high-mountain environment during the Quaternary. The migration of Palearctic species of small mammals across the gradually emerging orographical barrier during the orogenesis of the High Himalaya was completely interrupted by the glaciation in the Upper Pleistocene. This extensive glaciation also excluded occurrence and survival of small mammals in the high-mountain valleys of the Makalu Barun region. Migration routes and the extension of the territory of small mammals remained open only in the periglacial zone of the Arun and Barun Khola valleys. Following the interstadial period of warmer and humid climate conditions were changed by the Late Glacial Maximum when small mammals were again pushed away from heavily glaciated valleys to the lower altitude periglacial zone. During the Holocene interglacial, the occurrence of fauna and flora in the high-mountain valleys depended on repeated spatial changes of periglacial and glacial morphoclimatic zones. Current biogeographical hazards are accentuated due to the rapid retreat of glaciers, the expansion of the periglacial morphoclimatic zone and the increased human impact in the High Himalaya.
{"title":"The expansion and migration of small mammals in the Makalu Barun region induced by changes of the Himalayan environment during the Quaternary","authors":"M. Daniel, J. Kalvoda","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the course of migration and expansion of small mammals in the Makalu Barun region influenced by the orogenetic uplift of the East Nepal Himalaya and climatically conditioned changes in the extent of morphogenetic zones from the Upper Pleistocene up to the present. The results of zoological and parasitological research are compounded with the knowledge of the dynamic development of landforms, which testifies to significant changes in the high-mountain environment during the Quaternary. The migration of Palearctic species of small mammals across the gradually emerging orographical barrier during the orogenesis of the High Himalaya was completely interrupted by the glaciation in the Upper Pleistocene. This extensive glaciation also excluded occurrence and survival of small mammals in the high-mountain valleys of the Makalu Barun region. Migration routes and the extension of the territory of small mammals remained open only in the periglacial zone of the Arun and Barun Khola valleys. Following the interstadial period of warmer and humid climate conditions were changed by the Late Glacial Maximum when small mammals were again pushed away from heavily glaciated valleys to the lower altitude periglacial zone. During the Holocene interglacial, the occurrence of fauna and flora in the high-mountain valleys depended on repeated spatial changes of periglacial and glacial morphoclimatic zones. Current biogeographical hazards are accentuated due to the rapid retreat of glaciers, the expansion of the periglacial morphoclimatic zone and the increased human impact in the High Himalaya.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81963460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.15
Sanswrang Basumatary
Forest cover changes in the Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary, in the north eastern Indian state of Assam between 2000 and 2020 were assessed using Landsat 5 TM (2000 and 2010) and Landsat 8 OLI (2020) satellite data. The objective of the study was to examine the temporal variations, if any, of forest cover in the Sanctuary. The satellite images of 2000, 2010 and 2020 were classified using supervised classification into three different categories viz: dense forest, open forest, and barren land. Based on a maximum likelihood classifier and using standard accuracy assessments, the results indicated that the area covered by barren land and open forest increased between 2000 and 2010 but decreased between 2010 and 2020. Similarly, dense forest had decreased by 22.32% between 2000 and 2010 but increased by 15.19% between 2010 and 2020. These changes occurred reflecting the positive results emanating from conservation policies and afforestation efforts by the primary stakeholder, the state forest department, in recent years. Such efforts were linked to the enhanced institutional status of the protected area, which had been upgraded from a Reserved Forest in 1966 to that of a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1994.
{"title":"Trajectories of forest cover change in Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary (India) between 2000 and 2020 using Landsat imagery","authors":"Sanswrang Basumatary","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Forest cover changes in the Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary, in the north eastern Indian state of Assam between 2000 and 2020 were assessed using Landsat 5 TM (2000 and 2010) and Landsat 8 OLI (2020) satellite data. The objective of the study was to examine the temporal variations, if any, of forest cover in the Sanctuary. The satellite images of 2000, 2010 and 2020 were classified using supervised classification into three different categories viz: dense forest, open forest, and barren land. Based on a maximum likelihood classifier and using standard accuracy assessments, the results indicated that the area covered by barren land and open forest increased between 2000 and 2010 but decreased between 2010 and 2020. Similarly, dense forest had decreased by 22.32% between 2000 and 2010 but increased by 15.19% between 2010 and 2020. These changes occurred reflecting the positive results emanating from conservation policies and afforestation efforts by the primary stakeholder, the state forest department, in recent years. Such efforts were linked to the enhanced institutional status of the protected area, which had been upgraded from a Reserved Forest in 1966 to that of a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1994.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73921902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.12
J. Kucera
The aim of the article is to examine how Cameroonian bilingualism was portrayed in academic literature and how it fit into the ongo¬ing geopolitical dynamics. The article considers two time periods for the geopolitical narrativization of African states (1960–1990 and 1990–2020). These two periods differ not only in geopolitical narrativization, but also in the shift in academic paradigms. This article employs geopolitical and anti-geopolitical approaches to show how the state’s narrative of bilingualism has been filling into the globally accepted narratives. Cameroon was chosen as the extreme case, where the two former colonial languages (English and French) share the same status, defining Cameroon as a bilingual country. The conclusion of the article is that Cameroon’s bilingual status has the ability to fit into the current geopolitical narratives. Beside the dominant narrative, there was present at least one important narrative.
{"title":"From geopolitics to anti-geopolitics: The story of Cameroonian bilingualism","authors":"J. Kucera","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to examine how Cameroonian bilingualism was portrayed in academic literature and how it fit into the ongo¬ing geopolitical dynamics. The article considers two time periods for the geopolitical narrativization of African states (1960–1990 and 1990–2020). These two periods differ not only in geopolitical narrativization, but also in the shift in academic paradigms. This article employs geopolitical and anti-geopolitical approaches to show how the state’s narrative of bilingualism has been filling into the globally accepted narratives. Cameroon was chosen as the extreme case, where the two former colonial languages (English and French) share the same status, defining Cameroon as a bilingual country. The conclusion of the article is that Cameroon’s bilingual status has the ability to fit into the current geopolitical narratives. Beside the dominant narrative, there was present at least one important narrative.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79568982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.11
David Hána, Kryštof Materna, Jiří Hasman
The geography of the brewing industry is currently undergoing substantial shifts. While most attention has been paid to the boom of microbreweries, newly established regional breweries have been neglected and little is known about how they are gaining a position among consumers in stable and saturated markets. The aim of this article is to investigate what strategies new breweries use to establish distribution regions and which factors are at play based on the consumers’ economic and socio-cultural preferences, all within the contextual influence of market development and territorial identity. The research is based on the mapping of distribution regions of seven new Czech breweries and interviews with their representatives. The breweries first opt for a contagion strategy focusing on local customers to provide a basis for further expansion. The hierarchy strategy with a preference for wealthier customers in distant cities subsequently prevails. The choice and success of the chosen strategy depend on the interaction between regional market development and consumers’ territorial identity. In Czechia, local breweries, especially those that have restored and maintained historic brewery buildings, are attracting consumers from cities, while consumers from the countryside prefer nationally known beer from big industrial breweries.
{"title":"Distribution strategies of new and renewed regional industrial breweries in the context of Czech identity and the traditional beer market","authors":"David Hána, Kryštof Materna, Jiří Hasman","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"The geography of the brewing industry is currently undergoing substantial shifts. While most attention has been paid to the boom of microbreweries, newly established regional breweries have been neglected and little is known about how they are gaining a position among consumers in stable and saturated markets. The aim of this article is to investigate what strategies new breweries use to establish distribution regions and which factors are at play based on the consumers’ economic and socio-cultural preferences, all within the contextual influence of market development and territorial identity. The research is based on the mapping of distribution regions of seven new Czech breweries and interviews with their representatives. The breweries first opt for a contagion strategy focusing on local customers to provide a basis for further expansion. The hierarchy strategy with a preference for wealthier customers in distant cities subsequently prevails. The choice and success of the chosen strategy depend on the interaction between regional market development and consumers’ territorial identity. In Czechia, local breweries, especially those that have restored and maintained historic brewery buildings, are attracting consumers from cities, while consumers from the countryside prefer nationally known beer from big industrial breweries.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85205485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.10
A. Mosalev, A. Sanin
This article analyzes the recreational activity in the Arctic region of Northern Eurasia and the influence of geographical and eco¬nomic factors on its recreational potential. The SWOT analysis showed that the Arctic tourist region has a number of strengths and opportunities for further development. However, to realize these opportunities, it is necessary to reduce the negative impact of weaknesses and neutralize the existing threats to tourism in the region. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the political, economic, social and technological factors that were identified as a result of the PEST analysis. Processes related to the melting of permafrost due to climate changes represent a special threat, which is significantly constraining the future development of tourism in the region. The major problem of the Arctic region is the low level of development of recreational infrastructure, which results in the high cost of touristic tours. The article suggests two strategies for the future development of tourism in the Arctic region. The first is based on premium tourism, offering unique services that are not offered anywhere else. The second one is an active development of budget-priced tourism focusing mainly on the Russian market in the Russian Arctic and the European market in Northern Scandinavia and Svalbard.
{"title":"Tourism management in the Arctic coastal zone of Northern Eurasia","authors":"A. Mosalev, A. Sanin","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the recreational activity in the Arctic region of Northern Eurasia and the influence of geographical and eco¬nomic factors on its recreational potential. The SWOT analysis showed that the Arctic tourist region has a number of strengths and opportunities for further development. However, to realize these opportunities, it is necessary to reduce the negative impact of weaknesses and neutralize the existing threats to tourism in the region. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the political, economic, social and technological factors that were identified as a result of the PEST analysis. Processes related to the melting of permafrost due to climate changes represent a special threat, which is significantly constraining the future development of tourism in the region. The major problem of the Arctic region is the low level of development of recreational infrastructure, which results in the high cost of touristic tours. The article suggests two strategies for the future development of tourism in the Arctic region. The first is based on premium tourism, offering unique services that are not offered anywhere else. The second one is an active development of budget-priced tourism focusing mainly on the Russian market in the Russian Arctic and the European market in Northern Scandinavia and Svalbard.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74692492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.9
Dominik Rubáš, T. Matějček, R. Kroufek
It was not officially possible to leave the cadastral territory for recreational purposes in Czechia during the period from the 1 March to the 21 March 2021. The aim of this study was to evaluate how this lockdown affected the amount of time young people spent outdoors and their health and mental well-being. Our research was aimed at students at all levels of school. Immediately after the end of the strictest phase of the lockdown, we conducted a questionnaire survey and collected data from more than a thousand students at elementary schools, secondary schools and universities, as well as 160 parents of 269 pre-school and primary school children. The answers to the close-ended questions were evaluated by statistical analysis, while the answers to the open-ended questions were evaluated using thematic analysis. The results show that the impact of restrictive measures on the health and psyche of young people was significant, especially for female students. Lockdown significantly reduced respondents’ opportunities to spend time outdoors. Male students spent significantly more of their free time in front of computer screens. Respondents living in buildings without a garden and young people who could not use a recreational building outside the district of residence were most affected by restrictions during the lockdown.
{"title":"The impact of reduced time spent outdoors during the Covid-19 lockdown on the health and well-being of young people in Czechia","authors":"Dominik Rubáš, T. Matějček, R. Kroufek","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"It was not officially possible to leave the cadastral territory for recreational purposes in Czechia during the period from the 1 March to the 21 March 2021. The aim of this study was to evaluate how this lockdown affected the amount of time young people spent outdoors and their health and mental well-being. Our research was aimed at students at all levels of school. Immediately after the end of the strictest phase of the lockdown, we conducted a questionnaire survey and collected data from more than a thousand students at elementary schools, secondary schools and universities, as well as 160 parents of 269 pre-school and primary school children. The answers to the close-ended questions were evaluated by statistical analysis, while the answers to the open-ended questions were evaluated using thematic analysis. The results show that the impact of restrictive measures on the health and psyche of young people was significant, especially for female students. Lockdown significantly reduced respondents’ opportunities to spend time outdoors. Male students spent significantly more of their free time in front of computer screens. Respondents living in buildings without a garden and young people who could not use a recreational building outside the district of residence were most affected by restrictions during the lockdown.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77663614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.8
Ronald Reagan Gyimah, L. Frimpong, G. Anambane, R. A. Akolaa, Stephen Leonard Mensah, Harriet Danso-Abeam
This paper examines (i) the state of environmental conditions in two low-income urban communities in Accra, Ghana, using a Participatory Rapid Assessment (PRA) method, and (ii) changes in the environmental conditions in the two low-income communities over the years using the PRA method. The PRA was augmented with qualitative interviews with selected heads of household and other stakeholders from the study communities. The results showed that environmental conditions in the two study communities were poor as indicated by the computed average scores for the environmental problem areas. However, conditions were poorer in Chorkor compared to La. The paper recommends that local governments units in Ghana must prioritise sustained, improved, and reliable funding for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) to ensure undisruptive implementation of environmental health programs and policies. This must be accompanied with improved community education and sensitization on proper sanitary practices, which have the potential to mitigate the effects of disease epidemics such as cholera in the two communities. The study also provides important perspectives on differentials in environmental conditions in low-income communities in urban Ghana.
{"title":"A comparative appraisal of environmental conditions in two urban low-income communities in Accra, Ghana","authors":"Ronald Reagan Gyimah, L. Frimpong, G. Anambane, R. A. Akolaa, Stephen Leonard Mensah, Harriet Danso-Abeam","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines (i) the state of environmental conditions in two low-income urban communities in Accra, Ghana, using a Participatory Rapid Assessment (PRA) method, and (ii) changes in the environmental conditions in the two low-income communities over the years using the PRA method. The PRA was augmented with qualitative interviews with selected heads of household and other stakeholders from the study communities. The results showed that environmental conditions in the two study communities were poor as indicated by the computed average scores for the environmental problem areas. However, conditions were poorer in Chorkor compared to La. The paper recommends that local governments units in Ghana must prioritise sustained, improved, and reliable funding for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) to ensure undisruptive implementation of environmental health programs and policies. This must be accompanied with improved community education and sensitization on proper sanitary practices, which have the potential to mitigate the effects of disease epidemics such as cholera in the two communities. The study also provides important perspectives on differentials in environmental conditions in low-income communities in urban Ghana.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"77 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83406333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.7
M. Feyzolahpour, Rouholah Mohamadi, Hasan Ghasemlu
Morphology of barchan dunes plays a key role in the rate of movement of barchan dunes and accordingly, the areas that are in the path of barchan dunes can be identified. In this study, morphological parameters of eight barchan dunes in west Lut and movement were investigated. For this purpose, 8 parameters of windward slope length, back-to-wind slope length, right arm length, left arm length, length, width, right width and left width were measured in each barchan dune and Pearson correlation was calculated by SPSS software. In order to better understand the shape of barchan dunes, satellite images were extracted separately from google earth. The results of morphometry showed that barchan dune 6 was in the first place in terms of all morphometric factors. The right arm length to the width had the highest correlation (0.993). The back-to-wind slope length to the right arm length had the lowest correlation (0.815). The right arm length to the width had the highest coefficient of determination (0.9845). The movement during 2005–2019 was extracted from satellite images. It was found that until 2015, the highest movement belonged to barchan dune 3 (225.55 m) and during 2017–2019, the lowest movement belonged to barchan dune 6 (137.49 and 184.66 m). The highest movement during 2017–2019 was 288.24 and 307.67 m for barchan dune 5, respectively.
{"title":"Analysis of movement and relationships between morphometric components of sand dunes (barchans) in the south-eastern of Iran","authors":"M. Feyzolahpour, Rouholah Mohamadi, Hasan Ghasemlu","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"Morphology of barchan dunes plays a key role in the rate of movement of barchan dunes and accordingly, the areas that are in the path of barchan dunes can be identified. In this study, morphological parameters of eight barchan dunes in west Lut and movement were investigated. For this purpose, 8 parameters of windward slope length, back-to-wind slope length, right arm length, left arm length, length, width, right width and left width were measured in each barchan dune and Pearson correlation was calculated by SPSS software. In order to better understand the shape of barchan dunes, satellite images were extracted separately from google earth. The results of morphometry showed that barchan dune 6 was in the first place in terms of all morphometric factors. The right arm length to the width had the highest correlation (0.993). The back-to-wind slope length to the right arm length had the lowest correlation (0.815). The right arm length to the width had the highest coefficient of determination (0.9845). The movement during 2005–2019 was extracted from satellite images. It was found that until 2015, the highest movement belonged to barchan dune 3 (225.55 m) and during 2017–2019, the lowest movement belonged to barchan dune 6 (137.49 and 184.66 m). The highest movement during 2017–2019 was 288.24 and 307.67 m for barchan dune 5, respectively.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74933345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.6
J. Kocourková, Jitka Slabá, A. Šťastná
This article presents a detailed analysis of the fertility changes in Czechia since 1990 using the cohort approach and contributes to the overall understanding of the fertility postponement process. Because the timing of childbearing since 1990 has changed significantly, particular attention is devoted to the differences in the timing of fertility between cohorts. Data from the Human Fertility Database was analyzed via both standard (based on age-specific fertility rates) and advanced methods (postponement and recuperation indicators, parity progression ratio). Four groups of cohorts with specific fertility patterns were identified: 1965–1970, 1971–1976, 1977–1982, and 1983–1990. These groups were impacted by the political, economic and social transformation of the 1990s, the financial crisis of 2008–2012 and other socio-economic changes during the study period in different ways. While the 1965–1970 cohort was associated with the rapid occurrence of postponement, it still reflected the early fertility pattern. The 1971–1976 cohort was associated with the most intensive degree of postponement, the 1977–1982 cohort can be linked to the onset of the deceleration of the postponement process, and the 1983–1990 cohort appears to be the first to stabilize their fertility at later ages.
{"title":"The role of cohorts in the understanding of the changes in fertility in Czechia since 1990","authors":"J. Kocourková, Jitka Slabá, A. Šťastná","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a detailed analysis of the fertility changes in Czechia since 1990 using the cohort approach and contributes to the overall understanding of the fertility postponement process. Because the timing of childbearing since 1990 has changed significantly, particular attention is devoted to the differences in the timing of fertility between cohorts. Data from the Human Fertility Database was analyzed via both standard (based on age-specific fertility rates) and advanced methods (postponement and recuperation indicators, parity progression ratio). Four groups of cohorts with specific fertility patterns were identified: 1965–1970, 1971–1976, 1977–1982, and 1983–1990. These groups were impacted by the political, economic and social transformation of the 1990s, the financial crisis of 2008–2012 and other socio-economic changes during the study period in different ways. While the 1965–1970 cohort was associated with the rapid occurrence of postponement, it still reflected the early fertility pattern. The 1971–1976 cohort was associated with the most intensive degree of postponement, the 1977–1982 cohort can be linked to the onset of the deceleration of the postponement process, and the 1983–1990 cohort appears to be the first to stabilize their fertility at later ages.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80450774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.14712/23361980.2022.5
Aleš Hrdina, D. Romportl
The anthropogenic impact on the functioning of natural systems and the concept of Anthropocene as a period of the human domination of the Earth has been widely discussed in literature in the past few decades. Consequently, several land systems classifications have been developed on a global scale to capture the diversity, intensity, and spatial distribution of the human suppression of natural stratification. This review presents the comparison of the most widely used complex global classifications, incorporating both natural conditions and the human influence on nature. Methods, input data, the number and type of output categories as well as their geographical extent and distribution are described and compared. The review will help potential users to find differences between available classifications and choose the right one for a particular use.
{"title":"Current Global Land Systems Classifications: Comparison of Methods and Outputs","authors":"Aleš Hrdina, D. Romportl","doi":"10.14712/23361980.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"The anthropogenic impact on the functioning of natural systems and the concept of Anthropocene as a period of the human domination of the Earth has been widely discussed in literature in the past few decades. Consequently, several land systems classifications have been developed on a global scale to capture the diversity, intensity, and spatial distribution of the human suppression of natural stratification. This review presents the comparison of the most widely used complex global classifications, incorporating both natural conditions and the human influence on nature. Methods, input data, the number and type of output categories as well as their geographical extent and distribution are described and compared. The review will help potential users to find differences between available classifications and choose the right one for a particular use.","PeriodicalId":41831,"journal":{"name":"AUC Geographica","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73932107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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