In his phenomenological works Jan Patočka increasingly referred to movement and lived/physical corporeality. He conceived the concept of the world in terms of the correlation of life with its milieu. In conjunction with Edmund Husserl’s late phenomenology of the lifeworld, he took lived corporeality as his starting point and guiding motif in a way that is parallel to Merleau-Ponty’s work. The article expresses an opinion, that it was also one of the reasons why he kept his distance from Eugen Fink’s philosophical cosmology. And still, it is Patočka’s reference to this cosmological project that has had, and keeps on having, an important impact on the recent reception of his work in France.
Jan Patočka在他的现象学作品中越来越多地提到了运动和生活/身体的物质性。他根据生活与其环境的相关性来构思世界的概念。结合埃德蒙·胡塞尔晚期的生命世界现象学，他以生活的物质性为出发点和指导主题，这种方式与梅洛-庞蒂的作品类似。文章认为，这也是他与欧哲学宇宙论保持距离的原因之一。尽管如此，正是Patočka对这个宇宙学项目的引用，对他最近在法国的作品产生了重要影响，并将继续产生重要影响。
{"title":"Jan Patočka and French Phenomenology","authors":"K. Novotný","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.989","url":null,"abstract":"In his phenomenological works Jan Patočka increasingly referred to movement and lived/physical corporeality. He conceived the concept of the world in terms of the correlation of life with its milieu. In conjunction with Edmund Husserl’s late phenomenology of the lifeworld, he took lived corporeality as his starting point and guiding motif in a way that is parallel to Merleau-Ponty’s work. The article expresses an opinion, that it was also one of the reasons why he kept his distance from Eugen Fink’s philosophical cosmology. And still, it is Patočka’s reference to this cosmological project that has had, and keeps on having, an important impact on the recent reception of his work in France. ","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42470924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interpreters of Michel Foucault's 1966 Les mots et les choses have often conflated the terms 'episteme' and 'historical a priori'. This article suggests that the two terms are entirely separate: while 'episteme' refers to the configuration of thought in a given historical period, 'historical a priori' refers to the conditions of unity for a certain field of science within a given period. In his use of the term 'historical a priori', Foucault is thus much closer to Husserl than has hitherto been appreciated. Keeping the two terms separated also sheds new light on the archaeological method that Foucault uses, showing that there is a procedure to get from an archive of texts to the reconstruction of an episteme.
米歇尔·福柯1966年的《我的选择》(Les mots et Les choices)的解释者经常将“认识论”(episteme)和“历史的先验”(historical a priori)混为一谈。这篇文章认为这两个术语是完全分开的:“认识论”是指在一定历史时期内的思想形态，“历史的先验”是指在一定时期内某一科学领域的统一条件。在使用“历史的先验”一词时，福柯比迄今为止所认识到的更接近胡塞尔。将这两个术语分开也为福柯使用的考古学方法提供了新的启示，表明从文本档案到知识的重建有一个过程。
{"title":"The Episteme and the Historical A Priori: On Foucault’s Archaeological Method","authors":"R. Peters","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.963","url":null,"abstract":"Interpreters of Michel Foucault's 1966 Les mots et les choses have often conflated the terms 'episteme' and 'historical a priori'. This article suggests that the two terms are entirely separate: while 'episteme' refers to the configuration of thought in a given historical period, 'historical a priori' refers to the conditions of unity for a certain field of science within a given period. In his use of the term 'historical a priori', Foucault is thus much closer to Husserl than has hitherto been appreciated. Keeping the two terms separated also sheds new light on the archaeological method that Foucault uses, showing that there is a procedure to get from an archive of texts to the reconstruction of an episteme.","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42932180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the present essay is to exposit and interpret the principal contours of the phenomenology of Christianity proposed by Michel Henry in dialog with his theological critics. Against the claims commonly made about him, Henry is not a Gnostic of any sort: neither a monist, nor a dualist, nor a pantheist, nor a denier of faith, nor a world- or creation-denier or anything of the sort. He rather proposes a form of “life-idealism” according to which (i) life is the foundation of the possibility of the world, (ii) life assumes a visible, external representation (viz., the empirical body) in its activities in the world, and (iii) the meaning of the world is that it is the arena in which life pursues the goal of its own perfection and growth. Interpreted in this light, his thought is not Gnostic.
{"title":"The Life-Idealism of Michel Henry","authors":"Steven Nemes","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.969","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present essay is to exposit and interpret the principal contours of the phenomenology of Christianity proposed by Michel Henry in dialog with his theological critics. Against the claims commonly made about him, Henry is not a Gnostic of any sort: neither a monist, nor a dualist, nor a pantheist, nor a denier of faith, nor a world- or creation-denier or anything of the sort. He rather proposes a form of “life-idealism” according to which (i) life is the foundation of the possibility of the world, (ii) life assumes a visible, external representation (viz., the empirical body) in its activities in the world, and (iii) the meaning of the world is that it is the arena in which life pursues the goal of its own perfection and growth. Interpreted in this light, his thought is not Gnostic.","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43328947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lettre de Jean Wahl à Martin Heidegger","authors":"Ian Alexander Moore, B. Wahl","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.993","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46315292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A review of Martin Ritter, Into the World: The Movement of Patočka’s Phenomenology (Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2019).
Martin Ritter，《走进世界：Patočka现象学的运动》（瑞士商会：施普林格，2019）。
{"title":"Book Review: Martin Ritter, Into the World: The Movement of Patočka’s Phenomenology (Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2019)","authors":"Jakub Votroubek","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.991","url":null,"abstract":"A review of Martin Ritter, Into the World: The Movement of Patočka’s Phenomenology (Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2019).","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48991374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A translation of selected correspondence between Jean Wahl and Karl Jaspers on Descartes and Kierkegaard.
让·瓦尔和卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯关于笛卡尔和克尔凯郭尔的精选信件翻译。
{"title":"Jean Wahl and Karl Jaspers on Descartes and Kierkegaard: An Epistolary Exchange","authors":"I. Moore, Barbara Wahl","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.956","url":null,"abstract":"A translation of selected correspondence between Jean Wahl and Karl Jaspers on Descartes and Kierkegaard.","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46428247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In in the second half of the 1940s, Jan Patočka emphasized the essentially negative character of human existence. He thus found himself in the neighborhood of Sartre’s existentialism, Heidegger’s philosophy of being, and Hegel’s dialectic, and at the same time in opposition to schools of thought which either completely reject the substantive use of “the nothing,” such as Carnap’s positivism, or relativize it, like Bergson. It is the latter polemic, Patočka’s with Bergson, which is discussed in this article. The concept of negativity in Patočka basically refers to the idea that human existence is defined by a capacity to adopt a distance toward what is pre-given, be it the reality of the physical world or the established habits and rules of a particular society. Negativity qua distance has in Patočka an absolute character. It is this claim that he defends in his critique of Bergson. The article attempts to reconstruct Patočka’s position. I claim that the wager on absolute negativity does not make Patočka a nihilist, but a philosopher of a negative holism, and, in a sense, even a moralist. Above a reconstruction of Patočka’s stance, I spell out some reservations focused especially on the systematic meaning of Patočka’s recourse to negativity. I suggest that negation is an indispensable part of a more complex existential structure Patočka is aiming at. The terms he uses for this structure include “thirst for the absolute,” “thirst for reality,” “restlessness of the heart” and “desire.” To translate these allusions onto a general plan, it is useful to talk about the capacity to establish differences that matter. As general as it seems, this turn of phrase can grasp both Patočka’s emphasis on negativity, and his emphasis on the absolute, the latter – nevertheless – not residing in a distance from being, but in differences established, maintained and abandoned by ourselves within being.
{"title":"Existence and Negativity: The Relevance of the Patočka–Bergson Controversy over Nothingness","authors":"Jakub Čapek","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.986","url":null,"abstract":"In in the second half of the 1940s, Jan Patočka emphasized the essentially negative character of human existence. He thus found himself in the neighborhood of Sartre’s existentialism, Heidegger’s philosophy of being, and Hegel’s dialectic, and at the same time in opposition to schools of thought which either completely reject the substantive use of “the nothing,” such as Carnap’s positivism, or relativize it, like Bergson. It is the latter polemic, Patočka’s with Bergson, which is discussed in this article. The concept of negativity in Patočka basically refers to the idea that human existence is defined by a capacity to adopt a distance toward what is pre-given, be it the reality of the physical world or the established habits and rules of a particular society. Negativity qua distance has in Patočka an absolute character. It is this claim that he defends in his critique of Bergson. The article attempts to reconstruct Patočka’s position. I claim that the wager on absolute negativity does not make Patočka a nihilist, but a philosopher of a negative holism, and, in a sense, even a moralist. Above a reconstruction of Patočka’s stance, I spell out some reservations focused especially on the systematic meaning of Patočka’s recourse to negativity. I suggest that negation is an indispensable part of a more complex existential structure Patočka is aiming at. The terms he uses for this structure include “thirst for the absolute,” “thirst for reality,” “restlessness of the heart” and “desire.” To translate these allusions onto a general plan, it is useful to talk about the capacity to establish differences that matter. As general as it seems, this turn of phrase can grasp both Patočka’s emphasis on negativity, and his emphasis on the absolute, the latter – nevertheless – not residing in a distance from being, but in differences established, maintained and abandoned by ourselves within being.","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46384872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recension: Magali Bessone, Faire justice de l’irréparable. Esclavage colonial et responsabilité contemporaine (Paris: Vrin, 2020)","authors":"J. Michel","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46746181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is an English translation of the French editor's preface to The Evolution of the Problem of Freedom, which is the first course Bergson taught as the chair in the “History of Modern Philosophy” at the Collège de France.
{"title":"Editor’s Preface to L’évolution du problème de la liberté, Cour au Collège de France 1904-1905: Life and Freedom","authors":"A. François","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.953","url":null,"abstract":"This is an English translation of the French editor's preface to The Evolution of the Problem of Freedom, which is the first course Bergson taught as the chair in the “History of Modern Philosophy” at the Collège de France.","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42210716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The following paper serves as a review of a recent compilation of essays by Leonard Harris (edited by Lee A. McBride III), addressing the reimagining of philosophy contained therein and engaging a handful of views borne by this unique philosophical conception from a Deleuzo-Guattarian perspective, focusing on a few of the strategic merits and challenges faced by a potential alliance between these thinkers.
{"title":"Book Review: Leonard Harris, A Philosophy of Struggle: The Leonard Harris Reader. Edited by Lee A. McBride III (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2020).","authors":"Duncan R. Cordry","doi":"10.5195/jffp.2021.992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2021.992","url":null,"abstract":"The following paper serves as a review of a recent compilation of essays by Leonard Harris (edited by Lee A. McBride III), addressing the reimagining of philosophy contained therein and engaging a handful of views borne by this unique philosophical conception from a Deleuzo-Guattarian perspective, focusing on a few of the strategic merits and challenges faced by a potential alliance between these thinkers.","PeriodicalId":41846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49214759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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