Abstract Legal reasoning, the core of legal practice in many countries, is “stare decisis” and its soundness is usually strengthened by relevant case law consulted. However, the task of relevant case law access and retrieval is tiring to legal practitioners and constitutes a serious drain on their productivity. Existing efforts at addressing this problem are conceptional, restrictive or unreliable. Specifically, existing semantic retrieval (SR) systems for case law are desirous of exceptional retrieval precision. Ontology promises to meet this desire, if introduced to the SR system. As a consequence, an ontology-based SR system for case law has been built using the systems analysis and design methodology. In particular, the component-based software engineering and the agile methodologies are employed to implement the system. Finally, the search and retrieval performance of the resultant SR system has been evaluated using the heuristics evaluation method. The retrieval system has shown to have a search and retrieval performance of about 94 % precision, 80 % recall and 84 % F-measure. Overall, the paper implements the SR system for case law with excellent precision and affirms the superiority of ontology approach over other semantic approaches to SR systems for document retrieval in the legal domain.
{"title":"A Semantic Retrieval System for Case Law","authors":"E. P. Ebietomere, G. Ekuobase","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Legal reasoning, the core of legal practice in many countries, is “stare decisis” and its soundness is usually strengthened by relevant case law consulted. However, the task of relevant case law access and retrieval is tiring to legal practitioners and constitutes a serious drain on their productivity. Existing efforts at addressing this problem are conceptional, restrictive or unreliable. Specifically, existing semantic retrieval (SR) systems for case law are desirous of exceptional retrieval precision. Ontology promises to meet this desire, if introduced to the SR system. As a consequence, an ontology-based SR system for case law has been built using the systems analysis and design methodology. In particular, the component-based software engineering and the agile methodologies are employed to implement the system. Finally, the search and retrieval performance of the resultant SR system has been evaluated using the heuristics evaluation method. The retrieval system has shown to have a search and retrieval performance of about 94 % precision, 80 % recall and 84 % F-measure. Overall, the paper implements the SR system for case law with excellent precision and affirms the superiority of ontology approach over other semantic approaches to SR systems for document retrieval in the legal domain.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78482998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper proposes an approach to solving the problem of optimal placement of data array replicas in a distributed system. It presents a formal model of a distributed system with unreliable communication channels. A system is represented as a graph with coloured arcs. The formulation of the problem of finding the optimal placement of replicas is given. As a criterion for optimization, the minimum response time to a data request is considered. The task solution heuristic algorithm is also proposed in the paper.
{"title":"Placement of Data Array Replicas in a Distributed System With Unreliable Communication Channels","authors":"V. Kulba, S. Somov, Y. Merkuryev","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper proposes an approach to solving the problem of optimal placement of data array replicas in a distributed system. It presents a formal model of a distributed system with unreliable communication channels. A system is represented as a graph with coloured arcs. The formulation of the problem of finding the optimal placement of replicas is given. As a criterion for optimization, the minimum response time to a data request is considered. The task solution heuristic algorithm is also proposed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89421821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article presents current approaches to solving the problem of building recommender systems designed to intellectualize the user interface of online stores. Much attention is paid to modern methods of building recommender systems, analysing their strengths and weaknesses. Of greatest interest are the criteria for selecting effective methods for specific online stores and the authors’ concept of a typical recommender system of electronic commerce.
{"title":"Modern Approaches to Building Recommender Systems for Online Stores","authors":"L. Onokoy, J. Lavendels","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents current approaches to solving the problem of building recommender systems designed to intellectualize the user interface of online stores. Much attention is paid to modern methods of building recommender systems, analysing their strengths and weaknesses. Of greatest interest are the criteria for selecting effective methods for specific online stores and the authors’ concept of a typical recommender system of electronic commerce.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82477347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article describes the definition of competences formed during the acquisition of the study course “Software Engineering” at Riga Technical University. The European e-Competence Framework (e-CF) is adopted for this purpose. Using the steps to determine e-competences, it is established that students can develop 9 competences in the Bachelor and 15 in the Master study programme. Evaluation of practical assignments allows assessing the achievement level of the required competences. Some professions presented in e-CF and the competencies they need are also reviewed.
{"title":"e-CF Competences in Software Engineering Course","authors":"Larisa Zaitseva","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article describes the definition of competences formed during the acquisition of the study course “Software Engineering” at Riga Technical University. The European e-Competence Framework (e-CF) is adopted for this purpose. Using the steps to determine e-competences, it is established that students can develop 9 competences in the Bachelor and 15 in the Master study programme. Evaluation of practical assignments allows assessing the achievement level of the required competences. Some professions presented in e-CF and the competencies they need are also reviewed.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72875623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A problem of single image super-resolution is considered, where the goal is to recover one high-resolution image from one low-resolution image. Whereas this problem has been successfully solved so far by the known VDSR network, such an approach still cannot give an overall beneficial effect compared to bicubic interpolation. This is so due to the fact that the image reconstruction quality has been estimated separately by three subjective factors. Moreover, the original VDSR network consisting of 20 convolutional layers is apparently not optimal by its depth. This is why here those factors are aggregated, and the network performance is deemed by a single estimator. Then the depth is tried to be decreased (truncation) along with adjusting the learning rate drop factor. Finally, a plausible improvement of the VDSR network is confirmed. The best truncated network, performing by almost 3.2 % better than bicubic interpolation, occupies less memory space and is about 1.44 times faster than the original VDSR network for images of a medium size.
{"title":"An Improvement of the VDSR Network for Single Image Super-Resolution by Truncation and Adjustment of the Learning Rate Parameters","authors":"V. Romanuke","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A problem of single image super-resolution is considered, where the goal is to recover one high-resolution image from one low-resolution image. Whereas this problem has been successfully solved so far by the known VDSR network, such an approach still cannot give an overall beneficial effect compared to bicubic interpolation. This is so due to the fact that the image reconstruction quality has been estimated separately by three subjective factors. Moreover, the original VDSR network consisting of 20 convolutional layers is apparently not optimal by its depth. This is why here those factors are aggregated, and the network performance is deemed by a single estimator. Then the depth is tried to be decreased (truncation) along with adjusting the learning rate drop factor. Finally, a plausible improvement of the VDSR network is confirmed. The best truncated network, performing by almost 3.2 % better than bicubic interpolation, occupies less memory space and is about 1.44 times faster than the original VDSR network for images of a medium size.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89646938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Since a past decade, social media networking has become an essential part of everyone’s life affecting cultural, economic and social life of the people. According to internetlivestats.com, in March 2019 the Internet users reached 4 168 461 500, i.e., 50.08 % penetration of world population. According to Statista, in 2019 there are 2.22 billion social media networking users worldwide, i.e., 31 % of global social media networking penetration and it is expected that in 2021 this number will reach 3.02 billion. These social networking sites are attracting users from all walks of life and keeping these users’ data in the cloud. Today’s big challenge is related to an increase in volume, velocity, variety and veracity of data in social media networking, and this leads to creating several concerns, including privacy and security; on the other hand, it also proves as a tool to prevent and investigate cybercrime, if intelligently and smartly handled. The law enforcement agencies are putting their utmost efforts to prevent cybercrime by monitoring communications activities over the Internet. In this paper, the authors discuss recommendations and techniques for preventing cybercrime.
{"title":"Social Media-Related Cybercrimes and Techniques for Their Prevention","authors":"Tariq Rahim Soomro, Mumtaz Hussain","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since a past decade, social media networking has become an essential part of everyone’s life affecting cultural, economic and social life of the people. According to internetlivestats.com, in March 2019 the Internet users reached 4 168 461 500, i.e., 50.08 % penetration of world population. According to Statista, in 2019 there are 2.22 billion social media networking users worldwide, i.e., 31 % of global social media networking penetration and it is expected that in 2021 this number will reach 3.02 billion. These social networking sites are attracting users from all walks of life and keeping these users’ data in the cloud. Today’s big challenge is related to an increase in volume, velocity, variety and veracity of data in social media networking, and this leads to creating several concerns, including privacy and security; on the other hand, it also proves as a tool to prevent and investigate cybercrime, if intelligently and smartly handled. The law enforcement agencies are putting their utmost efforts to prevent cybercrime by monitoring communications activities over the Internet. In this paper, the authors discuss recommendations and techniques for preventing cybercrime.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75981384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that connect the physical world with the virtual world of information processing. They consist of various components that work together to create some global behaviour. These components include software systems, communication technologies and sensors, executive mechanisms that interact with the real world, often including embedded technologies. One CPS may include a variety of components from different manufacturers or service providers, often without even knowing that their products and services are integrated with others as a result of CPS. This paper systematises information about CPS modelling methods and domains and presents the CPS modelling cycle – from abstraction to architecture and from concept to realisation.
{"title":"Brief Overview of Modelling Methods, Life-Cycle and Application Domains of Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"Kristaps Babris, O. Ņikiforova, Uldis Sukovskis","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that connect the physical world with the virtual world of information processing. They consist of various components that work together to create some global behaviour. These components include software systems, communication technologies and sensors, executive mechanisms that interact with the real world, often including embedded technologies. One CPS may include a variety of components from different manufacturers or service providers, often without even knowing that their products and services are integrated with others as a result of CPS. This paper systematises information about CPS modelling methods and domains and presents the CPS modelling cycle – from abstraction to architecture and from concept to realisation.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81466882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Nowadays, the topicality and applicability of model-driven development in the object-oriented development approach has increased, so it is important that created models and diagrams display not only the content, but also visually reflect information. Transparent diagram placement that influences work productivity is important for displaying information. Manual layout of diagrams is a time-consuming activity, which can also be ineffective, so in this paper the application of UML use case automatic layout is reviewed. The paper also examines the requirements of use case diagrams and placement criteria, which will serve as a basis for the creation of an automatic use case diagram layout algorithm.
{"title":"Definition of the Criteria for Layout of the UML Use Case Diagrams","authors":"O. Filipova, O. Ņikiforova","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nowadays, the topicality and applicability of model-driven development in the object-oriented development approach has increased, so it is important that created models and diagrams display not only the content, but also visually reflect information. Transparent diagram placement that influences work productivity is important for displaying information. Manual layout of diagrams is a time-consuming activity, which can also be ineffective, so in this paper the application of UML use case automatic layout is reviewed. The paper also examines the requirements of use case diagrams and placement criteria, which will serve as a basis for the creation of an automatic use case diagram layout algorithm.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78901344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Zagulova, Viktorija Boltunova, Sabina Katalnikova, Natalya Prokofyeva, K. Synytsya
Abstract The growing demands for the training of students and the need for continuous improvement of the quality of university education make it necessary to find and apply more effective educational technologies and practices based on the correlation of teaching with the student’s profile and his/her individual Learning Style. This article discusses the topic of relevance of personalized e-learning. It describes Learning Styles and looks at the Felder– Silverman model in more detail. The article contains the results of student surveys on the basis of which the interrelation between the Index of Learning Styles and academic performance is analysed. The relation between performance and learning styles according to the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model is shown: in some specialties, students with sequential learning style have higher academic performance than students with global learning style, as well as students with mild learning style preferences on the Activist/Reflector dimension.
{"title":"Personalized E-Learning: Relation Between Felder– Silverman Model and Academic Performance","authors":"D. Zagulova, Viktorija Boltunova, Sabina Katalnikova, Natalya Prokofyeva, K. Synytsya","doi":"10.2478/acss-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The growing demands for the training of students and the need for continuous improvement of the quality of university education make it necessary to find and apply more effective educational technologies and practices based on the correlation of teaching with the student’s profile and his/her individual Learning Style. This article discusses the topic of relevance of personalized e-learning. It describes Learning Styles and looks at the Felder– Silverman model in more detail. The article contains the results of student surveys on the basis of which the interrelation between the Index of Learning Styles and academic performance is analysed. The relation between performance and learning styles according to the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model is shown: in some specialties, students with sequential learning style have higher academic performance than students with global learning style, as well as students with mild learning style preferences on the Activist/Reflector dimension.","PeriodicalId":41960,"journal":{"name":"Applied Computer Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89354585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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