Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2230443
Kevin M. Lerner
{"title":"Shame the Devil: How Critics Keep American Journalism Honest","authors":"Kevin M. Lerner","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2230443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2230443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"388 - 390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46903751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2231327
Aimee Edmondson
{"title":"The Value of Community and Understanding History in Troubling Times","authors":"Aimee Edmondson","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2231327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2231327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"400 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2232753
A. Park
The popular anecdote that Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai once declared it “too soon to tell” the significance of the French Revolution of 1789 is clearly recognizable as a meme and has followed a winding path through media history. While the story was seemingly debunked in 2011, when it was revealed that Zhou had meant the 1968 unrest in Paris—rather than the French Revolution—it is argued this was merely another stage in its hundred-year evolution. Regardless of whether the quip had an actual Chinese author or not, its early spread in mainstream media was the result of an educated and globally minded Western audience shaped by orientalism and rhetoric surrounding the dangers of radical revolution. This study examines how, when China began opening to the world in the 1970s, the people involved in this process began to be written into the meme, with the Zhou Enlai variant only becoming consolidated in the 1990s. In tracing the story’s development, this article examines how quips—or memes—propagate and evolve over time, particularly in pre-digital environments, where texts benefit from the interplay of different formats and genres.
{"title":"“Too Soon to Tell”: The Hundred-Year Odyssey of the Famous Quip on the French Revolution","authors":"A. Park","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2232753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2232753","url":null,"abstract":"The popular anecdote that Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai once declared it “too soon to tell” the significance of the French Revolution of 1789 is clearly recognizable as a meme and has followed a winding path through media history. While the story was seemingly debunked in 2011, when it was revealed that Zhou had meant the 1968 unrest in Paris—rather than the French Revolution—it is argued this was merely another stage in its hundred-year evolution. Regardless of whether the quip had an actual Chinese author or not, its early spread in mainstream media was the result of an educated and globally minded Western audience shaped by orientalism and rhetoric surrounding the dangers of radical revolution. This study examines how, when China began opening to the world in the 1970s, the people involved in this process began to be written into the meme, with the Zhou Enlai variant only becoming consolidated in the 1990s. In tracing the story’s development, this article examines how quips—or memes—propagate and evolve over time, particularly in pre-digital environments, where texts benefit from the interplay of different formats and genres.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"309 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48057031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2231884
J. Coward
The Warpath, the “angry Indian” newsletter founded by the militant but oft overlooked journalist Lehman Brightman, was one of several Red Power publications founded in the late 1960s as part of the social and cultural upheavals of that era. Brightman’s publication deployed several major themes as he argued for Native American rights and against the federal Indian bureaucracy, especially “America’s colonial office,” the Bureau of Indian Affairs. In The Warpath, Brightman demanded Indian liberation and self-determination, calling for direct political action at places like Alcatraz and Mount Rushmore, a place Brightman and other activists occupied in 1970. Brightman also celebrated Indian history and culture, criticized Indian stereotypes, excoriated moderate Indian leaders and, perhaps most significantly, investigated the appalling conditions at underfunded and understaffed Indian schools. His principal achievement was the articulation of a strident anti-racist and anti-colonial ideology that continues to resonate in Indian Country.
{"title":"Indian Ideology in The Warpath: Lehman Brightman’s Red Power Journalism","authors":"J. Coward","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2231884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2231884","url":null,"abstract":"The Warpath, the “angry Indian” newsletter founded by the militant but oft overlooked journalist Lehman Brightman, was one of several Red Power publications founded in the late 1960s as part of the social and cultural upheavals of that era. Brightman’s publication deployed several major themes as he argued for Native American rights and against the federal Indian bureaucracy, especially “America’s colonial office,” the Bureau of Indian Affairs. In The Warpath, Brightman demanded Indian liberation and self-determination, calling for direct political action at places like Alcatraz and Mount Rushmore, a place Brightman and other activists occupied in 1970. Brightman also celebrated Indian history and culture, criticized Indian stereotypes, excoriated moderate Indian leaders and, perhaps most significantly, investigated the appalling conditions at underfunded and understaffed Indian schools. His principal achievement was the articulation of a strident anti-racist and anti-colonial ideology that continues to resonate in Indian Country.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"268 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49482766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2237399
Elisabeth Fondren
More than two decades after journalism historians proposed an international or global turn in how to study the interconnected histories of journalism and information cultures, much has been achieved. This essay is an invitation to scrutinize the relationship between propaganda and journalism history more fully, specifically, by exploring the intellectual, cultural, and global dimensions of press-propaganda activities during wars and democratic crises. Building on ongoing work to internationalize the field of journalism history, future scholarship could analyze the multidirectional flows of global information; how journalists work as propagandists both willingly and unwillingly; how reporters expose lies, half-truths, or circumvent censorship; how communities engage in counterpropaganda via the press; and the role of visual narratives in modern media. This essay draws on findings from international and transnational press-propaganda scholarship and offers methodological considerations for researching and writing that history.
{"title":"The Global Panoply of Propaganda-Press Cultures: Expanding International Journalism History","authors":"Elisabeth Fondren","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2237399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2237399","url":null,"abstract":"More than two decades after journalism historians proposed an international or global turn in how to study the interconnected histories of journalism and information cultures, much has been achieved. This essay is an invitation to scrutinize the relationship between propaganda and journalism history more fully, specifically, by exploring the intellectual, cultural, and global dimensions of press-propaganda activities during wars and democratic crises. Building on ongoing work to internationalize the field of journalism history, future scholarship could analyze the multidirectional flows of global information; how journalists work as propagandists both willingly and unwillingly; how reporters expose lies, half-truths, or circumvent censorship; how communities engage in counterpropaganda via the press; and the role of visual narratives in modern media. This essay draws on findings from international and transnational press-propaganda scholarship and offers methodological considerations for researching and writing that history.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"357 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47357953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228664
Wayne Dawkins
{"title":"The Wendell Smith Reader: Selected Writings on Sports, Civil Rights and Black History","authors":"Wayne Dawkins","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"379 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43916782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228665
Will Mari
their journalists to deal with the situation. The book documents many changes in the US press corps in China over the years. Initially, the journalists shared very similar backgrounds— most were Ivy League–educated white males. Later, the educational backgrounds became more diverse; then more female journalists joined, and more Asian Americans. Being Asian American can be an asset for journalists in that it enables them to blend into the street, but it also became a liability in China in recent years since the government uses their ethnicity to attack and threaten them. They are considered national “traitors” and less respected by the Chinese authorities. Being an Asian American female journalist adds another layer of misogyny, with online bullying supported by the government and sexual harassment in the field. These are the issues worth exploring for journalism scholars.
{"title":"Mr. Associated Press: Kent Cooper and the Twentieth-Century World of News","authors":"Will Mari","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228665","url":null,"abstract":"their journalists to deal with the situation. The book documents many changes in the US press corps in China over the years. Initially, the journalists shared very similar backgrounds— most were Ivy League–educated white males. Later, the educational backgrounds became more diverse; then more female journalists joined, and more Asian Americans. Being Asian American can be an asset for journalists in that it enables them to blend into the street, but it also became a liability in China in recent years since the government uses their ethnicity to attack and threaten them. They are considered national “traitors” and less respected by the Chinese authorities. Being an Asian American female journalist adds another layer of misogyny, with online bullying supported by the government and sexual harassment in the field. These are the issues worth exploring for journalism scholars.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"392 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44392844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228661
John Maxwell Hamilton
{"title":"Reporting World War II,","authors":"John Maxwell Hamilton","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228661","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135399722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228667
Wei Rose Luqiu Lu
paragraph of this final chapter even seems to throw up its hands at the idea of ever pinning down what criticism is and does. The subtitle of Shame the Devil claims that the press critics profiled within “keep American journalism honest.” But Guglielmo has actually (intentionally or not) written a book that begins to explain how a series of thinkers and writers have shaped educated Americans’ understanding of what the press is and what it does. A book that made that argument explicitly and engaged with these writers and others would be very welcome. This is not quite that book.
{"title":"Assignment China: An Oral History of American Journalists in the People’s Republic","authors":"Wei Rose Luqiu Lu","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228667","url":null,"abstract":"paragraph of this final chapter even seems to throw up its hands at the idea of ever pinning down what criticism is and does. The subtitle of Shame the Devil claims that the press critics profiled within “keep American journalism honest.” But Guglielmo has actually (intentionally or not) written a book that begins to explain how a series of thinkers and writers have shaped educated Americans’ understanding of what the press is and what it does. A book that made that argument explicitly and engaged with these writers and others would be very welcome. This is not quite that book.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":"40 1","pages":"390 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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