Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228664
Wayne Dawkins
{"title":"The Wendell Smith Reader: Selected Writings on Sports, Civil Rights and Black History","authors":"Wayne Dawkins","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43916782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2237399
Elisabeth Fondren
More than two decades after journalism historians proposed an international or global turn in how to study the interconnected histories of journalism and information cultures, much has been achieved. This essay is an invitation to scrutinize the relationship between propaganda and journalism history more fully, specifically, by exploring the intellectual, cultural, and global dimensions of press-propaganda activities during wars and democratic crises. Building on ongoing work to internationalize the field of journalism history, future scholarship could analyze the multidirectional flows of global information; how journalists work as propagandists both willingly and unwillingly; how reporters expose lies, half-truths, or circumvent censorship; how communities engage in counterpropaganda via the press; and the role of visual narratives in modern media. This essay draws on findings from international and transnational press-propaganda scholarship and offers methodological considerations for researching and writing that history.
{"title":"The Global Panoply of Propaganda-Press Cultures: Expanding International Journalism History","authors":"Elisabeth Fondren","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2237399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2237399","url":null,"abstract":"More than two decades after journalism historians proposed an international or global turn in how to study the interconnected histories of journalism and information cultures, much has been achieved. This essay is an invitation to scrutinize the relationship between propaganda and journalism history more fully, specifically, by exploring the intellectual, cultural, and global dimensions of press-propaganda activities during wars and democratic crises. Building on ongoing work to internationalize the field of journalism history, future scholarship could analyze the multidirectional flows of global information; how journalists work as propagandists both willingly and unwillingly; how reporters expose lies, half-truths, or circumvent censorship; how communities engage in counterpropaganda via the press; and the role of visual narratives in modern media. This essay draws on findings from international and transnational press-propaganda scholarship and offers methodological considerations for researching and writing that history.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47357953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228665
Will Mari
their journalists to deal with the situation. The book documents many changes in the US press corps in China over the years. Initially, the journalists shared very similar backgrounds— most were Ivy League–educated white males. Later, the educational backgrounds became more diverse; then more female journalists joined, and more Asian Americans. Being Asian American can be an asset for journalists in that it enables them to blend into the street, but it also became a liability in China in recent years since the government uses their ethnicity to attack and threaten them. They are considered national “traitors” and less respected by the Chinese authorities. Being an Asian American female journalist adds another layer of misogyny, with online bullying supported by the government and sexual harassment in the field. These are the issues worth exploring for journalism scholars.
{"title":"Mr. Associated Press: Kent Cooper and the Twentieth-Century World of News","authors":"Will Mari","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228665","url":null,"abstract":"their journalists to deal with the situation. The book documents many changes in the US press corps in China over the years. Initially, the journalists shared very similar backgrounds— most were Ivy League–educated white males. Later, the educational backgrounds became more diverse; then more female journalists joined, and more Asian Americans. Being Asian American can be an asset for journalists in that it enables them to blend into the street, but it also became a liability in China in recent years since the government uses their ethnicity to attack and threaten them. They are considered national “traitors” and less respected by the Chinese authorities. Being an Asian American female journalist adds another layer of misogyny, with online bullying supported by the government and sexual harassment in the field. These are the issues worth exploring for journalism scholars.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44392844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228661
John Maxwell Hamilton
{"title":"Reporting World War II,","authors":"John Maxwell Hamilton","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228661","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135399722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2228667
Wei Rose Luqiu Lu
paragraph of this final chapter even seems to throw up its hands at the idea of ever pinning down what criticism is and does. The subtitle of Shame the Devil claims that the press critics profiled within “keep American journalism honest.” But Guglielmo has actually (intentionally or not) written a book that begins to explain how a series of thinkers and writers have shaped educated Americans’ understanding of what the press is and what it does. A book that made that argument explicitly and engaged with these writers and others would be very welcome. This is not quite that book.
{"title":"Assignment China: An Oral History of American Journalists in the People’s Republic","authors":"Wei Rose Luqiu Lu","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2228667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2228667","url":null,"abstract":"paragraph of this final chapter even seems to throw up its hands at the idea of ever pinning down what criticism is and does. The subtitle of Shame the Devil claims that the press critics profiled within “keep American journalism honest.” But Guglielmo has actually (intentionally or not) written a book that begins to explain how a series of thinkers and writers have shaped educated Americans’ understanding of what the press is and what it does. A book that made that argument explicitly and engaged with these writers and others would be very welcome. This is not quite that book.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reporting World War II","authors":"J. Hamilton","doi":"10.2307/jj.1011736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.1011736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42194288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2199254
Mary V. Heckman, Giulia Taurino
Abstract Through an interdisciplinary examination of a bourgeoning technology, this essay grapples with the opportunities and challenges of using a type of artificial intelligence called machine learning to catalog and make sense of the unpreceded number of digital materials now available to media historians. The authors—a journalism professor and an AI researcher—describe their recent interdisciplinary efforts to use machine learning to explore a collection of roughly 5.7 million photographic negatives donated to their institution by the Boston Globe. Their work illuminates the tremendous power of emerging computational methods to uncover more complete histories, but it also serves as a reminder that such tools should be used with caution.
{"title":"Shifting the Archival Gaze: A Case for Leveraging Computational Methods to Uncover Media History Narratives","authors":"Mary V. Heckman, Giulia Taurino","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2199254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2199254","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Through an interdisciplinary examination of a bourgeoning technology, this essay grapples with the opportunities and challenges of using a type of artificial intelligence called machine learning to catalog and make sense of the unpreceded number of digital materials now available to media historians. The authors—a journalism professor and an AI researcher—describe their recent interdisciplinary efforts to use machine learning to explore a collection of roughly 5.7 million photographic negatives donated to their institution by the Boston Globe. Their work illuminates the tremendous power of emerging computational methods to uncover more complete histories, but it also serves as a reminder that such tools should be used with caution.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46607718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2200325
K. Quinn, Mary M. Cronin
The largest industrial disaster ever to have occurred on American soil at the time, the gruesome January 10, 1860, collapse of the Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusetts, provides an opportunity to study early breaking news reporting in the nineteenth century narrative and illustrated press. Using newspapers at the local, regional, and national level, the study examines reporting strategies, story structures, and the journalistic standards undergirding this content. This research finds that by 1860 newspapers had adopted a scope of reporting strategies and editorial practices that fulfilled complex, evolving roles for the press. It also reveals that, despite the scope and sensational nature of the calamity, the story quickly transitioned from news, to myth, to forgotten in national memory.
{"title":"“Our Reporter Is Just Come From The Ruins”: Reporting Practices and the 1860 Pemberton Mill Disaster","authors":"K. Quinn, Mary M. Cronin","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2200325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2200325","url":null,"abstract":"The largest industrial disaster ever to have occurred on American soil at the time, the gruesome January 10, 1860, collapse of the Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusetts, provides an opportunity to study early breaking news reporting in the nineteenth century narrative and illustrated press. Using newspapers at the local, regional, and national level, the study examines reporting strategies, story structures, and the journalistic standards undergirding this content. This research finds that by 1860 newspapers had adopted a scope of reporting strategies and editorial practices that fulfilled complex, evolving roles for the press. It also reveals that, despite the scope and sensational nature of the calamity, the story quickly transitioned from news, to myth, to forgotten in national memory.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45981445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08821127.2023.2200391
Carolina Velloso
Beginning with the release of The Birth of a Nation through the mid-twentieth century, the film industry began featuring African Americans on the silver screen. The emergence of race films—major film productions made by African Americans and featuring Black artists—were frequently reported and reviewed in the Black press. This examination of the coverage of race films in three major Black newspapers, the Chicago Defender, Pittsburgh Courier, and Baltimore Afro-American, traces coverage of race films by the Black press between 1915 and 1950. This study builds on literature from journalism and communication studies, as well as film studies to illustrate how the Black press fulfilled its role as an advocacy press and served its mission of racial uplift through its race film coverage. It argues that Black newspapers achieved this by giving positive coverage to race films, their actors, producers, and crew members, and by unreservedly criticizing Black members of the entertainment industry if the Black press perceived that they were acting in ways detrimental to the greater cause of improving attitudes toward the Black community.
{"title":"Race Films and the Black Press: Representation and Resistance","authors":"Carolina Velloso","doi":"10.1080/08821127.2023.2200391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2023.2200391","url":null,"abstract":"Beginning with the release of The Birth of a Nation through the mid-twentieth century, the film industry began featuring African Americans on the silver screen. The emergence of race films—major film productions made by African Americans and featuring Black artists—were frequently reported and reviewed in the Black press. This examination of the coverage of race films in three major Black newspapers, the Chicago Defender, Pittsburgh Courier, and Baltimore Afro-American, traces coverage of race films by the Black press between 1915 and 1950. This study builds on literature from journalism and communication studies, as well as film studies to illustrate how the Black press fulfilled its role as an advocacy press and served its mission of racial uplift through its race film coverage. It argues that Black newspapers achieved this by giving positive coverage to race films, their actors, producers, and crew members, and by unreservedly criticizing Black members of the entertainment industry if the Black press perceived that they were acting in ways detrimental to the greater cause of improving attitudes toward the Black community.","PeriodicalId":41962,"journal":{"name":"American Journalism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46186739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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