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Preservice Teachers Engage Parents in At-Home Learning: “We Are in This Together!” 保护教师让家长参与家庭学习:“我们在一起!”
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.22329/jtl.v16i1.6849
L. McKee, Anne Murray-Orr, Evan Throop Robinson
During pandemic school closures, preservice teachers designed activity plans to support the at-home learning of children in early elementary grades and recognized parents as vital to supporting their children’s learning. This article uses data from a multiple case study of preservice teachers’ planning during an alternate practicum. Drawing on models of family vibrancy and parent engagement that arise from funds of knowledge and parent knowledge theories, we highlight how preservice teachers included parents in reciprocal and democratic ways that honoured diverse family’s contexts and their knowledge of their children. Results illustrate the importance of asset-oriented, flexible pedagogies that include meaningful parent partnerships both during and beyond the pandemic. 
在大流行期间学校关闭期间,职前教师设计了活动计划,以支持小学低年级儿童在家学习,并认识到家长对支持儿童学习至关重要。本文使用的数据从多个案例研究职前教师的规划在一个替代实习。借鉴来自知识基金和家长知识理论的家庭活力和家长参与模型,我们强调职前教师如何以互惠和民主的方式让家长参与进来,尊重不同的家庭背景和他们对孩子的了解。结果表明,以资产为导向的灵活教学法的重要性,其中包括在大流行期间和之后建立有意义的家长伙伴关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Rise in Demand for Special Education in Ontario, Canada: A Focus on French-Language Schools 加拿大安大略省对特殊教育需求的增长:关注法语学校
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.22329/jtl.v16i1.6578
Lindsey S. Jaber, Brittany Guenot
Over the past several decades, teachers have been increasingly challenged with a greater diversity of learning profiles within their classrooms. Historically, within Ontario, Canada, students who did not learn effectively through traditional methods were labelled and separated into alternate learning environments. Legislation and policy transformation have resulted in greater inclusion and stigma reduction. Changes to formal and informal identification processes have also increased the number of students accessing special education services. This conceptual paper examines the challenges arising from students’ changing learning needs, with a specific focus on the French classroom. Issues related to the Individual Education Plan, the formal identification processes, and the inconsistency inherent to special education terminology and teachers’ preparation concerning differentiated learning and resources in special education are explored. Further, employing Katz and colleagues’ (Hymel & Katz, 2019; Katz, 2013; Katz & Sokal, 2016) three-block model of universal design for an inclusive classroom as a framework, a case study from a French-language secondary school in Ontario, Canada, is examined to determine systemic gaps that need to be addressed to achieve the goal of fully inclusive classrooms that promote successful learning experiences for all students. 
在过去的几十年里,教师面临着越来越大的挑战,他们的课堂上的学习档案更加多样化。从历史上看,在加拿大安大略省,没有通过传统方法有效学习的学生被贴上标签,并被隔离到其他学习环境中。立法和政策转变带来了更大的包容性和减少耻辱感。正式和非正式身份识别程序的改变也增加了获得特殊教育服务的学生人数。这篇概念性论文探讨了学生不断变化的学习需求所带来的挑战,特别关注法语课堂。探讨了与个人教育计划、正式识别过程以及特殊教育术语和教师在特殊教育中差异化学习和资源准备方面固有的不一致性有关的问题。此外,采用Katz及其同事的(Hymel&Katz,2019;Katz,2013;Katz&Sokal,2016)包容性课堂通用设计的三块模型作为框架,加拿大安大略省一所法语中学的案例研究,旨在确定需要解决的系统性差距,以实现全面包容的课堂目标,促进所有学生的成功学习体验。
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引用次数: 3
Lessons from Grandfather 祖父的教诲
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.22329/jtl.v16i1.6915
T. Orasi
This mixed media painting is part of a series of personal phenomenological inquiries into the learning made uniquely possible by art-making practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the process of making of this multilayered piece, I contemplated my evolving identity as an educator and artist-researcher while reflecting on the value of the arts for deep critical reflection, meaning-making, and epistemic noticing in times of crisis. Among the many layers that make up this piece are collaged pages from an old teacher education textbook, handwritten excerpts from a personal journal I kept during this time, and pressed, dried flowers that were given to me by my grandfather many years ago. The emergent themes that evolved from the analysis of this work included the importance of art-making as a diagnostic tool to recognize diseased ways of being in the world; how art-making enables deeper forms of symbolism and metaphor to offer lessons for moving forward with wonder despite the precariousness of current times; and a pathway to reconnection with the wisdom and lessons from my late grandfather. As a method for critical pedagogical reflection, artistic practices can connect us more deeply to ourselves, our teaching practices, and each other and can do so in times of profound disruption, trauma, and change, providing an alternate text to express the lived experience.
这幅混合媒介绘画是一系列个人现象学研究的一部分,这些研究是在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间通过艺术创作实践独特地实现的。在创作这幅多层次作品的过程中,我思考了自己作为一名教育家和艺术家研究者的身份演变,同时反思了艺术在危机时期对深刻批判性反思、意义创造和认知注意的价值。在构成这件作品的许多层中,有一本旧教师教育教科书的拼贴页,我在这段时间里保存的个人日记的手写摘录,以及多年前我祖父送给我的压干的鲜花。从对这项工作的分析中演变而来的新兴主题包括:艺术创作作为一种诊断工具的重要性,它可以识别世界上病态的存在方式;艺术创作如何使更深层次的象征主义和隐喻形式能够在当前不稳定的时代中为奇迹前进提供教训;也是一条重新与我已故祖父的智慧和教训联系起来的道路。作为一种批判性教学反思的方法,艺术实践可以更深入地将我们与自己,我们的教学实践以及彼此联系起来,并且可以在深刻的破坏,创伤和变化时期这样做,提供另一种文本来表达生活经验。
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引用次数: 0
Ontario Human Rights Commission Right to Read Report: Sincere, Passionate, Flawed 安大略省人权委员会阅读权报告:真诚、热情、有缺陷
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.22329/jtl.v16i1.7279
J. Cummins
The Right to Read report highlights the fact that children who experience dyslexia are not being adequately supported in Ontario schools. The report’s call for the establishment of a more effective identification and intervention infrastructure within the school system is timely and persuasive. Unfortunately, the Right to Read report advances two unsubstantiated claims to explain the reading difficulties some children experience in the early grades. Specifically, it argues that Ontario schools are failing to teach reading skills effectively for all students, not just those with specific reading disabilities. Second, it attributes this general failure to the fact that most Ontario schools implement a balanced approach to reading instruction, which the report claims, pays insufficient attention to teaching sound/letter correspondences in a systematic, explicit, and intensive way. Neither of these claims is supported by the scientific data. Ontario students are consistently among the top performers in cross-Canada and international comparisons of reading performance. Furthermore, the empirical research is fully consistent with the implementation of a balanced or contextualized approach to literacy instruction that integrates the teaching of sound/symbol relationships with a more general commitment to immerse children into a literacy-rich instructional environment.
阅读权报告强调了一个事实,即患有阅读障碍的儿童在安大略省的学校没有得到充分的支持。报告呼吁在学校系统内建立更有效的识别和干预基础设施,这是及时和有说服力的。不幸的是,“阅读权”报告提出了两个未经证实的说法来解释一些孩子在小学早期遇到的阅读困难。具体来说,它认为安大略省的学校未能有效地为所有学生教授阅读技巧,而不仅仅是那些有特殊阅读障碍的学生。其次,报告将这种普遍的失败归因于安大略省大多数学校在阅读教学中采用了一种平衡的方法,报告称,这种方法对以系统、明确和密集的方式教授语音/字母对应不够重视。这两种说法都没有科学数据支持。安大略省学生的阅读成绩在全加拿大和国际比较中一直名列前茅。此外,实证研究与平衡或情境化的识字教学方法的实施完全一致,该方法将声音/符号关系的教学与更普遍的承诺相结合,使儿童沉浸在一个丰富的识字教学环境中。
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引用次数: 0
School Environment and Academic Persistence of Newcomer Students: The Roles of Teachers and Peers 学校环境与新生学业坚持:教师与同伴的角色
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.22329/jtl.v16i1.6878
Reza Nakhaie, Howard Ramos, Fatima Fakih
This paper explores the relationship between the social context of schools, measured in terms of perceptions of teacher support and students’ openness to diversity, and the academic persistence of immigrant and refugee newcomer students. It investigates whether newcomer adolescents’ academic persistence varies by the perceived supportiveness of school environments. Based on data collected from newcomer students in a medium-sized city in Canada, results show that immigrant and refugee youth display higher academic persistence when they perceive that their teachers support them and when their fellow students are receptive to diversity. Specifically, newcomer youth’s educational success depends on a school environment that encourages diversity and inter-group relations and teachers who are supportive of students, encourage them, and believe in them. This study also shows that newcomer youth are more likely to academically persist in school when they perceive that their fellow schoolmates exhibit cultural humility or openness to diversity and thus are interested in knowing more about immigrants’ country of origin, respect them, and interact with them.  
本文探讨了学校的社会背景(以教师支持和学生对多样性的开放性的看法来衡量)与移民和难民新学生的学术持久性之间的关系。本研究探讨初来乍到青少年的学业坚持是否随学校环境的支持性而改变。根据从加拿大一个中等城市的新学生中收集的数据,结果表明,当移民和难民青年感觉到他们的老师支持他们,当他们的同学接受多样性时,他们表现出更高的学业坚持。具体来说,新移民青年的教育成功取决于一个鼓励多元化和群体间关系的学校环境,以及支持、鼓励和信任学生的教师。本研究还表明,当新移民青年意识到他们的同学表现出文化谦逊或对多样性持开放态度,从而有兴趣更多地了解移民的原籍国,尊重他们,并与他们互动时,他们更有可能在学业上坚持下去。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring How Ontario Teachers Adapted to Learn-at-Home Initiatives During COVID-19 探索新冠肺炎期间安大略省教师如何适应在家学习计划
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6726
Amanda Cooper, Kristy Timmons, Stephen MacGregor
At-home learning initiatives arose as a response to school closures due to COVID-19. This study interviewed 17 secondary teachers to explore the implementation of at-home learning in the province of Ontario, Canada. Findings suggest four thematic areas arising from the data: growing equity disparities, poor policy communication, factors influencing successful emergency remote teaching (technological and pedagogical), and impacts to academic and socio-emotional/mental health. This article proposes an integrated model for school recovery that will engage three levels of the education system: (1) school-level efforts including high-dosage tutoring and teacher collaboration and teacher looping strategies, (2) building partnerships with community organizations for wrap-around support for the most marginalized communities, and (3) parental engagement through actionable messages and tips by text to help parents support student learning. In the end, Ontario teachers rose to the challenge of providing students with consistent learning during the pandemic.
由于新冠肺炎导致学校关闭,家庭学习倡议应运而生。本研究访问17位加拿大安大略省中学教师,探讨在家学习的实施情况。调查结果表明,数据产生了四个主题领域:日益扩大的公平差距、政策沟通不畅、影响成功的紧急远程教学(技术和教学)的因素,以及对学术和社会情感/心理健康的影响。本文提出了一个学校恢复的综合模型,该模型将涉及教育系统的三个层面:(1)学校层面的努力,包括高强度的辅导和教师合作以及教师循环策略;(2)与社区组织建立伙伴关系,为最边缘化的社区提供全面支持;(3)家长参与,通过可操作的信息和文本提示帮助家长支持学生的学习。最终,安大略省的教师们迎接了挑战,在疫情期间为学生提供了持续的学习。
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引用次数: 6
The End of Innocence 纯真的终点
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6724
Julie C. Garlen
The global pandemic has dramatically impacted the lives of billions of children all over the world, creating a massive disruption in education and exacerbating existing multidimensional inequalities. Given the ubiquity of the virus’s reach, is COVID-19 the end of childhood innocence? Building on an understanding of childhood as social practice, I describe how childhood innocence has been enacted through, and pivotal to, education as a social practice since the late 19th century. I consider how the pandemic is challenging the normative views of childhood that have long informed teaching and learning and outline the possibilities for reimagining childhood and schooling in ways that could promote a radical transformation of public education for a post-pandemic world.
全球疫情极大地影响了全世界数十亿儿童的生活,造成了教育的大规模中断,加剧了现有的多层面不平等。鉴于病毒的广泛传播,新冠肺炎是儿童天真的终结吗?基于对童年作为社会实践的理解,我描述了自19世纪末以来,童年的天真是如何通过教育作为一种社会实践而产生的,并且对教育起着关键作用。我认为,新冠疫情是如何挑战长期以来为教学提供信息的儿童规范性观点的,并概述了重新构想儿童和学校教育的可能性,以促进新冠疫情后世界公共教育的根本转变。
{"title":"The End of Innocence","authors":"Julie C. Garlen","doi":"10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6724","url":null,"abstract":"The global pandemic has dramatically impacted the lives of billions of children all over the world, creating a massive disruption in education and exacerbating existing multidimensional inequalities. Given the ubiquity of the virus’s reach, is COVID-19 the end of childhood innocence? Building on an understanding of childhood as social practice, I describe how childhood innocence has been enacted through, and pivotal to, education as a social practice since the late 19th century. I consider how the pandemic is challenging the normative views of childhood that have long informed teaching and learning and outline the possibilities for reimagining childhood and schooling in ways that could promote a radical transformation of public education for a post-pandemic world.","PeriodicalId":41980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Teaching and Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49352211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Children, Schooling, and COVID-19 儿童、上学与新冠肺炎
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6663
Chloë Brushwood Rose, M. Bimm
This paper offers a review of the research on children, schooling, and disasters in order to identify critical information for the field of education and the practice of educational research in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. What do we know about the experiences of children and their interactions with schools during and following a natural disaster like COVID-19? The review answers this question and both identifies areas of study that need further attention and explores critical methodological approaches for further educational research. Areas of the research reviewed include children’s experiences of disaster, the educational impacts of disaster, the role of schools and teachers in responding to disaster, and methodological considerations for further research. The authors conclude that educational research can play a critical role in recovery efforts for children, teachers, and schools.
本文对儿童、学校教育和灾害的研究进行了回顾,以确定教育领域的关键信息以及应对新冠肺炎大流行的教育研究实践。在新冠肺炎等自然灾害期间和之后,我们对儿童的经历及其与学校的互动了解多少?这篇综述回答了这个问题,既确定了需要进一步关注的研究领域,又探索了进一步教育研究的关键方法论方法。审查的研究领域包括儿童的灾害经历、灾害对教育的影响、学校和教师在应对灾害中的作用以及进一步研究的方法考虑。作者得出结论,教育研究可以在儿童、教师和学校的康复工作中发挥关键作用。
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引用次数: 3
Building a Plane While Flying 边飞边造飞机
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6725
Beyhan Farhadi, Sue Winton
We use the metaphor of building a plane while flying to describe the enactment of educational policies by teachers during COVID-19 and the impact of these policies on their ability to meet the needs of their students. Drawing from a series of three one-hour focus groups with seven teachers in Alberta, we apply critical policy analysis to describe the transition of public schools to pandemic education, especially in urban centers. This paper will begin by reviewing the dynamic policy context of school closures and reentry strategies and proceed to outline the diverse ways school boards interpreted guidelines from the Ministry of Education. We discuss the frustration with and variation of policy enactment during the pandemic, especially with respect to priorities and barriers to addressing student wellbeing and access to educational and social supports. Finally, we describe the consequences of teaching through crisis as it emerges in a political context that has failed to respond to educator’s professional needs. 
我们以“边飞边造飞机”为比喻,描述教师在2019冠状病毒病疫情期间制定的教育政策,以及这些政策对教师满足学生需求能力的影响。根据艾伯塔省七名教师的三个一小时焦点小组,我们运用关键的政策分析来描述公立学校向流行病教育的转变,特别是在城市中心。本文将首先回顾学校关闭和重新入学战略的动态政策背景,然后概述学校董事会解释教育部指导方针的不同方式。我们讨论了大流行期间政策制定的挫折和变化,特别是在解决学生福利和获得教育和社会支持方面的优先事项和障碍方面。最后,我们描述了危机教学的后果,因为它出现在政治背景下,未能回应教育者的专业需求。
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引用次数: 1
Maintaining Equitable and Inclusive Classroom Communities Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic 在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间保持公平和包容的在线课堂社区
IF 4.6 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.22329/JTL.V15I2.6683
S. Barrett
This paper explores the ways in which face-to-face classroom communities were disrupted and/or transformed by the move to online platforms and the effect of this disruption on equitable access to a quality education. Quality education is defined as engaged pedagogy, where students learn to interact with other students and engage with ideas in a way that promotes their ability to be part of a community while still feeling free to disagree with, critique, and take care of each other. To examine the extent to which such communities were created when schooling migrated online during the pandemic, this paper examines online schooling communities in terms of sense of belonging, trust, shared purpose, and quality of interactions. The analysis of the experiences of 11 teachers in Ontario, Canada, whose face-to-face classes were moved to online formats, establishes that equity was one of the first casualties of the change, with the most vulnerable students facing disproportionate academic, psychological, and social consequences.
本文探讨了面对面课堂社区因转向在线平台而受到干扰和/或转变的方式,以及这种干扰对公平获得优质教育的影响。优质教育被定义为参与式教学法,在这种教学法中,学生学会与其他学生互动,并以一种促进他们成为社区一部分的能力的方式参与思想,同时仍然可以自由地表达不同意见、批评和照顾彼此。为了考察疫情期间学校教育迁移到网上时,这些社区的创建程度,本文从归属感、信任感、共同目标和互动质量等方面考察了网上学校教育社区。对加拿大安大略省11名教师的经历进行的分析表明,公平是这一变化的首批受害者之一,最弱势的学生面临着不成比例的学术、心理和社会后果。
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引用次数: 3
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Journal of Teaching and Learning
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