European Oral Research最新文献

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the W-Index (WI) in differentiating between males and females, in comparison with the main radiomorphometric indices: the Mental Index (MI), Panoramic Mandibular Index (PMI), and Gonial Index (GI), in a group of healthy young adults.

Materials and methods: Panoramic radiographic images from a group of 335 healthy young adults were retrospectively analyzed. Measurements of WI, PMI, MI, and GI were obtained. Statistical analysis included group comparisons, correlation assessments among the indices, and accuracy testing.

Results: Both the WI and PMI showed statistically significant differences between males and females (p less than 0.001), whereas the MI and GI did not. The WI and PMI demonstrated satisfactory accuracy in distinguishing between sexes. When combined, WI and PMI improved classification accuracy. Higher values of WI and PMI were associated with males, while lower values were observed in females.

Conclusion: The combined use of WI and PMI represents a reliable and non-invasive approach for sex determination in clinical and forensic settings.

Purpose: Curcumin, the principal curcuminoid found in turmeric, demonstrates potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory characteristics; nevertheless, it possesses restricted solubility and bioavailability. Numerous studies have reported elevated bioavailability and antimicrobial activity of nano-formulations of curcumin. Porphyromonas gingivalis plays a crucial role in triggering dysbiosis in the subgingival milieu, leading to the progression of periodontitis. This work details nanocurcumin preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and its cytotoxic effects on L929 mouse embryo fibroblasts.

Materials and methods: Nanocurcumin was prepared using the antisolvent precipitation method and characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The antimicrobial activity of nanocurcumin against Porphyromonas gingivalis was assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Cytotoxicity against L929 mouse embryo fibroblasts was evaluated with the MTT assay.

Results: Nanocurcumin exhibited significant water solubility, nanoparticle size ranging from 18 to 176 nm, a strong absorbance peak at 425nm, and a comparable chemical structure to curcumin. MIC of nanocurcumin was 6.25 µg/ml compared to 25 µg/ml of curcumin and 3.12 µg/ml of tetracycline. Both nanocurcumin and curcumin demonstrated a dose-dependent negative impact on L929 fibroblasts with IC50 concentrations of 86.16 µg/ml and 45.69 µg/ml respectively.

Conclusion: Nanocurcumin in the present study demonstrates well-characterized nanoparticle formation with excellent antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and minimal cytotoxicity against L929 cell line. Nanocurcumin demonstrates significant promise for integration into drug delivery systems for the management of periodontal disease, subject to additional experimental and clinical trials.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a radiographic evaluation scale which, when combined with clinical criteria, could help reduce the failure rate of the conventional band and loop (CBL) space maintainer.

Materials and methods: The Band and Loop Radiographic Assessment Scoring System (BRASS) was developed following best practices for scale development in healthcare. The process began with data collection through a literature review, followed by face and content validity assessment of the items generated using the sum-score decision rule and content validity ratio. Pre-testing of the scale was conducted through item-total correlation and factor analysis using the Tucker-Lewis Index, which facilitated item reduction. Pilot testing of the scale was subsequently carried out, and test-retest reliability, predictive validity, and two measures of construct validity were evaluated.

Results: The initial pool of 20 items was reduced to 10, distributed across three criteria based on the results of the goodness-of-fit test. The mean accuracy of the scale, based on predictive validity, was 89%. Test-retest reliability, measured by Cronbach's Alpha, was 0.87. Construct validity revealed a significant difference (p less than 0.05) in evaluations conducted with and without the use of BRASS. Finally, multiple linear regression analysis indicated a strong model fit (R-squared = 0.991), further supporting the construct validity of the BRASS.

Conclusion: The development of BRASS, supported by strong validity and reliability metrics, presents it as a promising tool to enhance the clinical success of the conventional band and loop (CBL) space maintainer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of ultrasonic, laser, and XP-Endo Finisher activation techniques for the removal of GuttaFlow Bioseal from root canals.

Materials and methods: In this study, 64 extracted mandibular premolar teeth were instrumented using ProTaper Next files up to size X3 and randomly divided into two groups (n = 32) based on the obturation method: Group 1 - GuttaFlow Bioseal with gutta-percha, and Group 2 - GuttaFlow Bioseal without gutta-percha. After root filling removal, the specimens were randomly allocated into one of four activation subgroups (n = 8): Subgroup A - Conventional Needle Irrigation; Subgroup B - Passive Ultrasonic Activation; Subgroup C - XP-Endo Finisher; and Subgroup D - Er, Cr: YSGG Laser. The teeth were then sectioned longitudinally, and photographic images were captured under a stereomicroscope. Residual filling materials in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds were measured using ImageJ software. Data were statistically analyzed with three-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p less than 0.05).

Results: The lowest amount of residual filling material was observed in the Er, Cr: YSGG laser group, followed by the XP-Endo Finisher, passive ultrasonic activation, and conventional needle irrigation groups, respectively (p less than 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in retreatability between GuttaFlow Bioseal used with or without gutta-percha (p = 0.754).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that different activation techniques significantly improve the removal of GuttaFlow Bioseal from root canals; however, none achieved complete removal. Among the tested methods, the Er, Cr: YSGG laser was the most effective, followed by the XP-Endo Finisher and passive ultrasonic activation. These results suggest that the Er, Cr: YSGG laser is a highly effective option for endodontic retreatment.

Purpose: This study sought to compare mechanical properties of beta titanium orthodontic wires to stainless steel and NiTi archwires under different pH conditions and for different time intervals.

Materials and methods: Twenty samples of 5 different orthodontic arch wires were submerged in buffer solutions with pH 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0 for 6 and 18 weeks. Tensile and flexural strength tests were performed. 2-factor ANOVA was performed for the pH/time combinations and the 5 different arch wires. Wald-based tests were performed to determine if the change rate of the wires differed significantly from the others.

Results: Two beta titanium wires at pH 4.0 exhibited significantly lower flexural strength at 6 weeks (T1) but difference diminished at 18 weeks (T2). pH value did not impact the flexural strength of NiTi and SS wires. There was no trend in the flexural strength of any wires in any pH solution from T0-T1 but there was significant decrease in strength for all wires from T0-T2. There was no trend in the change in tensile strength of the beta titanium wires and NiTi wires across any pH or time interval. There was a significant increase in the tensile strength of stainless-steel wires over all pH environments and time points.

Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in flexural strength of all wires over time and beta titanium archwires decreases significantly more than NiTi and SS wires. There is no significant change in tensile strength of beta titanium and NiTi wires over time. Tensile strength of stainless-steel wires increased significantly over time.

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal microleakage of the dentin/resin interface when subjected to water storage, chemical aging, or thermocycling in different adhesive luting treatments.

Materials and methods: Bovine teeth were used to prepare dentin blocks (5 × 4 × 1 mm) with one fully exposed dentin surface (n = 45). The blocks were randomly assigned to three luting protocols: 2BSE+DRC (two-bottle self-etch adhesive + dual-curing resin cement); SAP+PRC (self-adhesive primer + photo-activated dual resin cement); and SAP+SRC+O (self-adhesive primer + self-cured dual resin cement + Oxyguard II). Composite resin blocks of the same dimensions were luted onto the dentin blocks according to each protocol. Each treatment group (n = 15) was subdivided into three subgroups (n = 5) based on the aging challenge: storage in water for 7 days (control), aging in 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 hour, or thermocycling for 5,000 cycles. Specimens were then individually immersed in a neutral methylene blue solution for 1 hour, rinsed with water, air-dried, and analyzed for marginal microleakage.

Results: Data analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05) showed that 2BSE+DRC exhibited the lowest microleakage after water storage for 7 days (100µm) and the highest after thermocycling (220µm), while sodium hypochlorite aging resulted in an intermediate value (190µm). SAP+PRC and SAP+SRC+O showed no statistically significant differences in microleakage when stored in water (170µm and 620µm, respectively) or after sodium hypochlorite aging (180µm and 610µm, respectively). SAP+SRC+O resulted in significantly greater microleakage in water storage (620µm) and sodium hypochlorite aging (610µm) compared to 2BSE+DRC (100µm and 190µm, respectively) and SAP+PRC (170µm and 180µm, respectively). Thermocycling produced significant differences among the three treatments (p less than 0.05), with SAP+SRC+O showing the highest microleakage (1,370µm), 2BSE+DRC the lowest (220µm), and SAP+PRC an intermediate value (810µm).

Conclusion: Adhesive luting treatments exhibited different levels of marginal microleakage when subjected to water storage, chemical aging, or thermocycling. Thermocycling resulted in the highest marginal microleakage at the dentin/resin interface for all adhesive protocols tested.

Purpose: This study compared the quality of different filling techniques with two different sizes of isthmuses.

Materials and methods: Specimens were produced with a 3D printer (EnvisionTEC Vida, Gladbeck, Germany) and allocated into groups (n=10): Group 1; narrow isthmus with cold lateral compaction (CLC), Group 2; narrow isthmus with warm vertical compaction (WVC), Group 3; wide isthmus with CLC, and Group 4; wide isthmus with WVC. The specimens were sectioned at 4 mm and 8 mm from the apex, and the filling materials and voids in the isthmuses were assessed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).

Results: None of the techniques produced void-free fillings. In wide isthmuses, warm vertical compaction (WVC) resulted in significantly greater total void percentages (10.39 ± 8.23%) compared to cold lateral compaction (CLC) (1.30 ± 2.90%) (p = 0.000). In narrow isthmuses, both techniques produced similar void percentages (WVC: 3.33 ± 4.91%, CLC: 1.19 ± 2.67%) (p > 0.05). In the coronal portion of the wide isthmus, the amount of gutta-percha was significantly greater in WVC (p = 0.032), whereas in the apical portion, the sealer percentage was significantly higher in the CLC group. Similarly, in the narrow isthmus groups, the apical sealer percentage was greater in the CLC group (p = 0.000).

Conclusion: Both CLC and WVC failed to produce void-free canal fillings in band-shaped isthmuses. WVC showed a higher total void percentage in wide isthmuses, whereas both techniques had similar void percentages in narrow isthmuses.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based program designed for children with mental disabilities by assessing oral health outcomes after training via two educational methods: lectures and dramas.

Materials and methods: 144 male students with mental disabilities from a special needs school in Qazvin, Iran, were selected as a census sample in 2023. The students were randomly divided into two groups, each consisting of 72 participants aged 10-14 years. Group 1 received oral health counseling via the lecture method, whereas Group 2 was instructed via the drama method. Data were collected via a socio-demographic checklist, and oral health was assessed via the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index for caries status and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) of Greene and Vermillion for oral hygiene. Assessments were conducted before and four weeks after the intervention. Data analysis was performed via descriptive statistics, t tests, and ANOVA via SPSS software.

Results: A statistically significant improvement in plaque scores was observed in the Drama group compared with the Lecture group after the intervention (p less than 0.05). The mean tooth filling index (F index) also increased significantly in both groups post intervention, with greater improvement noted in the Drama group. While oral health indices improved in both groups, the extent of improvement was significantly greater in the Drama group.

Conclusion: The drama method used in this study was more effective than the lecture method in improving participants' oral and dental health indices. As a simple and cost-effective approach, drama enables teachers to convey essential health information more effectively.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on clinical parameters in intentional replantation (IR) treatment.

Materials and methods: Data were obtained from 32 mandibular anterior teeth with a 15-month follow-up, treated with either IR (n=17) or IR+PRF (n=15). Periodontal parameters included probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and keratinized tissue height (KTH), all of which were assessed retrospectively.

Results: PD reduction at mesial and midlingual sites was greater in the IR+PRF group at the 15-month follow-up (p=0.043 and p=0.017, respectively), whereas CAL gain in the IR+PRF group was significantly higher at 3, 6, and 15 months (p less than 0.05). GI scores were similar in both groups, while PI scores were higher in the IR group at 6 and 15 months (p less than 0.05). Changes in KTH were similar in both groups at all follow-up periods.

Conclusion: IR can be considered for the treatment of periodontally hopeless mandibular anterior teeth, and combining IR with PRF may improve clinical outcomes. However, its clinical use should be recommended cautiously due to the lack of histological data regarding the effects of PRF on IR healing.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether there is a correlation between three different types of vertical facial development, chronological age, skeletal maturation, and dental maturation.

Materials and methods: Lateral cephalometric, panoramic, and hand-wrist radiographs of 150 orthodontic patients (75 males and 75 females; mean ages 13.54 and 13.74 years, respectively) were analyzed. Skeletal maturation was determined using the Greulich-Pyle atlas method via hand and wrist bones. Dental maturation was assessed using the Demirjian Index on the left mandibular canines, first premolars, second premolars, and second molars. The SN-GoMe angle was evaluated on lateral cephalometric radiographs.

Results: A statistically significant difference in median skeletal age between genders was found in the hyperdivergent group (p = 0.024), with females showing more advanced skeletal age than males. A significant positive correlation between chronological age and skeletal age was observed in both the hypodivergent (p < 0.001) and hyperdivergent (p < 0.001) groups. In the normodivergent group, a very strong correlation between chronological and skeletal age was also found (p < 0.001). Additionally, significant gender-based differences were noted in the development of the canine (p = 0.003) and first premolar (p = 0.048) teeth in the hyperdivergent group.

Conclusion: Maturational stages may differ between males and females of the same chronological age attending orthodontic clinics, largely due to gender-based developmental differences. Chronological and skeletal ages are compatible; however, vertical facial parameters should also be considered in growth and development assessments.