S. Muljaningsih, N. Khusniyah Indrawati, Dien Amalina Nur Asrofi
Abstract On average, each person in Indonesia generates 0.45 kg of waste a day. The country is home to 231.8 million people, so the average daily waste generated is approximately 104.31 million kg. Malang, one of the biggest cities in East Java Province, generated 1,790.5 m3 of waste in 2001. Bank Sampah Malang (BSM), a waste bank program, has been established as a social engineering project to socialize and educate waste management in the community. The Malang Waste Bank (BSM) management policy was made as social engineering, providing socialization and education to the community to manage waste. This study aims to analyze the BSM policy by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Information from informants about policy evaluation shows that AHP consists of criteria, sub-criteria, and policy determination based on a green economy concept. The green economy includes economic, social, and environmental/ecological aspects. To sum up, BSM policy as the priority of social engineering requires institutional and environmental support as well as information availability.
{"title":"Waste Bank Policy as Social Engineering Based on the Green Economy Concept in the Malang City, Indonesia","authors":"S. Muljaningsih, N. Khusniyah Indrawati, Dien Amalina Nur Asrofi","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On average, each person in Indonesia generates 0.45 kg of waste a day. The country is home to 231.8 million people, so the average daily waste generated is approximately 104.31 million kg. Malang, one of the biggest cities in East Java Province, generated 1,790.5 m3 of waste in 2001. Bank Sampah Malang (BSM), a waste bank program, has been established as a social engineering project to socialize and educate waste management in the community. The Malang Waste Bank (BSM) management policy was made as social engineering, providing socialization and education to the community to manage waste. This study aims to analyze the BSM policy by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Information from informants about policy evaluation shows that AHP consists of criteria, sub-criteria, and policy determination based on a green economy concept. The green economy includes economic, social, and environmental/ecological aspects. To sum up, BSM policy as the priority of social engineering requires institutional and environmental support as well as information availability.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43505779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akram Suleiman, Hatem H. Almasaeid, Nidal M. Hussein, Jafar Abahre
Abstract The construction sector in Jordan faces various obstacles, one of the most significant being poor communication, which negatively impacts project performance and can even lead to project failure. The primary objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the causes and effects of poor communication in Jordan. A questionnaire containing 32 causes and 21 effects of poor communication was used to gather data. The top ten causes of poor communication are; possessing different levels of education among construction teams; a lack of communication plan; a lack of an appropriate communications medium; a lack of communication procedures and training; a slow flow of information between parties; diversity of culture among construction teams; construction teams possessing different skill levels; contractual barriers; the unavailability of information at the time of need, and a lack of understanding among parties. Poor communication is a prevalent issue in the Jordanian construction industry, Jordan's construction industry needs to improve its current communication state. Both contractors and consultants are affected by this issue and there is a high level of agreement between them on the causes and effects of poor communication.
{"title":"Addressing the Causes and Effects of Poor Communication in the Jordanian Construction Industry: A Study on Improving Project Performance","authors":"Akram Suleiman, Hatem H. Almasaeid, Nidal M. Hussein, Jafar Abahre","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The construction sector in Jordan faces various obstacles, one of the most significant being poor communication, which negatively impacts project performance and can even lead to project failure. The primary objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the causes and effects of poor communication in Jordan. A questionnaire containing 32 causes and 21 effects of poor communication was used to gather data. The top ten causes of poor communication are; possessing different levels of education among construction teams; a lack of communication plan; a lack of an appropriate communications medium; a lack of communication procedures and training; a slow flow of information between parties; diversity of culture among construction teams; construction teams possessing different skill levels; contractual barriers; the unavailability of information at the time of need, and a lack of understanding among parties. Poor communication is a prevalent issue in the Jordanian construction industry, Jordan's construction industry needs to improve its current communication state. Both contractors and consultants are affected by this issue and there is a high level of agreement between them on the causes and effects of poor communication.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47609134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Transport infrastructures, such as bridges, located in seismically active regions are potential exposure due to seismic hazards. A bridge collapse can have tremendous consequences because they provide vital links in a transportation system. Cross border region historically is very well known as territory characterized with high seismic risk. For that purpose, this study is related to the identification of seismic hazard cross-border harmonization vulnerability assessment of risk based on defined levels of seismic hazard and definition of reliable risk of simply supported girders bridge, which is main typology scheme. This study presents an analytical method to predict damage exceedance probabilities due to seismic events using the development of fragility curves. The proposed framework is demonstrated by performing case study highway bridges located in cross border Albanian region with Greece and North Macedonia. Bridge hazard identification is defined by established each damage state of probabilistic structural capacity. The damage probabilities of exceedance that structural demand exceeds capacity are analyzed, displaying results in the fragility curves of bridges.
{"title":"Seismic Risk Assessment of Simply Supported Girders Bridges","authors":"Iralda Xhaferaj, Arian Lako, Neritan Shkodrani","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Transport infrastructures, such as bridges, located in seismically active regions are potential exposure due to seismic hazards. A bridge collapse can have tremendous consequences because they provide vital links in a transportation system. Cross border region historically is very well known as territory characterized with high seismic risk. For that purpose, this study is related to the identification of seismic hazard cross-border harmonization vulnerability assessment of risk based on defined levels of seismic hazard and definition of reliable risk of simply supported girders bridge, which is main typology scheme. This study presents an analytical method to predict damage exceedance probabilities due to seismic events using the development of fragility curves. The proposed framework is demonstrated by performing case study highway bridges located in cross border Albanian region with Greece and North Macedonia. Bridge hazard identification is defined by established each damage state of probabilistic structural capacity. The damage probabilities of exceedance that structural demand exceeds capacity are analyzed, displaying results in the fragility curves of bridges.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41337854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Amiruddin, H. Parung, R. Irmawaty, M. Tumpu, Mansyur, P. R. Rangan
Abstract A lot of damage to building structures due to earthquakes is damage to column components that serve as vertical elements to pass the load to the foundation. Ductility is one of the parameters that must be owned by the column and as part of the column, longitudinal reinforcement is part of the column element that is quite vital and one of the parameters that can be studied is the distribution of strains that occur in longitudinal reinforcement when burdened with cyclic loads. In this study, a study of the ductility and distribution of strain values occurred in the reinforcement of control columns and retrofit columns with wire mesh size M6. From the test results in can be that on the column that is retrofit with wire mesh and SCC experienced an increase in the value of ductility. While the strain value on the reinforcement of the control column and retrofit column tends to enlarge when it is in the plastic hinge area of the column. In the control column the strain value that occurs in the plastic hinge area is greater than the strain value in the retrofit column, so that in the control column the plastic hinge mechanism has begun to form, while in the retrofit column the plastic hinge mechanism has not been formed due to higher stiffness.
{"title":"Ductility and Distribution of Strains on Column Reinforcement Retrofit with Wire Mesh","authors":"A. Amiruddin, H. Parung, R. Irmawaty, M. Tumpu, Mansyur, P. R. Rangan","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A lot of damage to building structures due to earthquakes is damage to column components that serve as vertical elements to pass the load to the foundation. Ductility is one of the parameters that must be owned by the column and as part of the column, longitudinal reinforcement is part of the column element that is quite vital and one of the parameters that can be studied is the distribution of strains that occur in longitudinal reinforcement when burdened with cyclic loads. In this study, a study of the ductility and distribution of strain values occurred in the reinforcement of control columns and retrofit columns with wire mesh size M6. From the test results in can be that on the column that is retrofit with wire mesh and SCC experienced an increase in the value of ductility. While the strain value on the reinforcement of the control column and retrofit column tends to enlarge when it is in the plastic hinge area of the column. In the control column the strain value that occurs in the plastic hinge area is greater than the strain value in the retrofit column, so that in the control column the plastic hinge mechanism has begun to form, while in the retrofit column the plastic hinge mechanism has not been formed due to higher stiffness.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69189498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Concrete, which is based on the use of Portland cement as a binder, often becomes a construction material in the construction industry. Concrete itself, however, exists in a number of modifications that are intended for specific applications. Especially with regard to the development of materials engineering, variants were created, which include, for example, fiber reinforced concrete with improved tensile properties and alkaline-activated composite, which produces less CO2 emissions. The aim of the presented article is to verify the concept of using a combination of reinforced concrete and alkaline-activated material in the application of reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement. Components of the experimental program are static load tests, which are evaluated in detail with regard to the formation and propagation of cracks. Laboratory tests are also part of the experimental program, which focus on a detailed description of the properties and the possibility of a technological solution.
{"title":"Reinforced Concrete Beams Without Shear Reinforcement Using Fiber Reinforced Concrete and Alkali-Activated Material","authors":"Radoslav Gandel, J. Jerabek, Z. Marcalikova","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Concrete, which is based on the use of Portland cement as a binder, often becomes a construction material in the construction industry. Concrete itself, however, exists in a number of modifications that are intended for specific applications. Especially with regard to the development of materials engineering, variants were created, which include, for example, fiber reinforced concrete with improved tensile properties and alkaline-activated composite, which produces less CO2 emissions. The aim of the presented article is to verify the concept of using a combination of reinforced concrete and alkaline-activated material in the application of reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement. Components of the experimental program are static load tests, which are evaluated in detail with regard to the formation and propagation of cracks. Laboratory tests are also part of the experimental program, which focus on a detailed description of the properties and the possibility of a technological solution.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49559162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Carbon emissions and sand mining have generated massive environmental imbalances. Because of the impact of depleting resources, using slag in concrete is a viable alternative for minimizing environmental impact. The acceptability of using induction furnace steel slag as a partial replacement for aggregate and as an additive in concrete mixtures for columns was investigated. Ten 140 mm × 140 mm × 750 mm short columns subjected to axial and uniaxial loads were tested. The outcome demonstrates that using SS in general decreases displacement levels and increases load levels. The proposed steel slag as a 30 % sand replacement mixture is preferred over the others. All the suggested combinations showed decreases in the ductility ratio and energy absorption. Induction furnace steel slag can be used in concrete columns.
{"title":"Applicability of Induction Furnace Steel Slag in RC Columns Subjected to Axial and Uniaxial Loading","authors":"Z. Ali, N. Khalid","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Carbon emissions and sand mining have generated massive environmental imbalances. Because of the impact of depleting resources, using slag in concrete is a viable alternative for minimizing environmental impact. The acceptability of using induction furnace steel slag as a partial replacement for aggregate and as an additive in concrete mixtures for columns was investigated. Ten 140 mm × 140 mm × 750 mm short columns subjected to axial and uniaxial loads were tested. The outcome demonstrates that using SS in general decreases displacement levels and increases load levels. The proposed steel slag as a 30 % sand replacement mixture is preferred over the others. All the suggested combinations showed decreases in the ductility ratio and energy absorption. Induction furnace steel slag can be used in concrete columns.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42643511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The research includes a new model proposed for the stress-strain relationship of unconfined concrete in compression valid for normal and high strength concrete. A wide range of experimental data with varied lab circumstances has been used for fitting and other data for verifying the model. It is noted that the current model has a good agreement with the experimental data for both its ascending and descending branches in normal and high strength concrete. Depending on the mean of average values of experimental to calculated stresses, coefficient of variation, and difference ratio. Where values of the average experimental to calculated stresses ranged from 0.723 to 1.354 for 38 samples with a mean of 0.994, while the coefficient of variation values ranged from 16.099 to 48.562 with a mean of 27.704 % for these specimens. Also, difference ratio values ranged from 0.86 % to 31.804 % with a mean of 9.009 % for these specimens. The model gives the best results in comparison with other models.
{"title":"Formulation of Mathematical Model for Stress-Strain Relationship of Normal and High Strength Concrete Under Compression","authors":"Wisam Hulail Sultan, D. Hamza","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research includes a new model proposed for the stress-strain relationship of unconfined concrete in compression valid for normal and high strength concrete. A wide range of experimental data with varied lab circumstances has been used for fitting and other data for verifying the model. It is noted that the current model has a good agreement with the experimental data for both its ascending and descending branches in normal and high strength concrete. Depending on the mean of average values of experimental to calculated stresses, coefficient of variation, and difference ratio. Where values of the average experimental to calculated stresses ranged from 0.723 to 1.354 for 38 samples with a mean of 0.994, while the coefficient of variation values ranged from 16.099 to 48.562 with a mean of 27.704 % for these specimens. Also, difference ratio values ranged from 0.86 % to 31.804 % with a mean of 9.009 % for these specimens. The model gives the best results in comparison with other models.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41269684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The majority of roads in most countries are two-lane highways. These lanes quickly reach their capacity and must be upgraded on a regular basis. To do so, we must first determine the capacity of the street. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of carriageway width, the radius of the horizontal curve, and gradients on Passenger Car Unit (PCU) values as well as on capacity of two-lane undivided Highways, and more importantly, to develop a multiple linear regression model to determine the capacity of the highway when all of these factors are present, which has not been previously reported. Green shield’s model was used to estimate the capacity of each element for all thirty-six sections using flow and speed data. Different models were built using regression analysis to estimate capacity independently, and the combined model was developed as a result. It has been noted that with proportionate increases in carriageway width and radius of the curve, there is an equivalent rise in PCU values and highway capacity, providing improved comfort and safety to road users. It was also discovered that when the value of the gradient increases cause increase in PCU values but the highway capacity decreases, thereby increasing the vehicle operating cost. Where all of these characteristics are present simultaneously in a section, the resulting multiple linear regression model was proven to be appropriate. It is believed to be valuable to practitioners as well as in the development or revision of Indian highway capacity manuals.
{"title":"Two-Lane Highway Capacity Estimation Based on Geometric Features","authors":"B. Vijay, A. Al-Mansour, Kanghun Lee","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The majority of roads in most countries are two-lane highways. These lanes quickly reach their capacity and must be upgraded on a regular basis. To do so, we must first determine the capacity of the street. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of carriageway width, the radius of the horizontal curve, and gradients on Passenger Car Unit (PCU) values as well as on capacity of two-lane undivided Highways, and more importantly, to develop a multiple linear regression model to determine the capacity of the highway when all of these factors are present, which has not been previously reported. Green shield’s model was used to estimate the capacity of each element for all thirty-six sections using flow and speed data. Different models were built using regression analysis to estimate capacity independently, and the combined model was developed as a result. It has been noted that with proportionate increases in carriageway width and radius of the curve, there is an equivalent rise in PCU values and highway capacity, providing improved comfort and safety to road users. It was also discovered that when the value of the gradient increases cause increase in PCU values but the highway capacity decreases, thereby increasing the vehicle operating cost. Where all of these characteristics are present simultaneously in a section, the resulting multiple linear regression model was proven to be appropriate. It is believed to be valuable to practitioners as well as in the development or revision of Indian highway capacity manuals.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42144923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. I. Mazni, A. Hakam, J. Tanjung, F. Ismail, Yossyafra
Abstract Rankine's theory stated that the soil failure plane behind the monolith retaining wall is a linear equation and is applied similarly to the plane of precast block retaining walls. However, the actual failure plane in the field may differ from the theory. This research is done to determine the plane of soil failure behind a precast block retaining wall using wall modeling tests in the laboratory. Several stages for laboratory tests are carried out. Starting with making a precast block retaining wall with the planned dimensions, then a failure test is carried out by giving variations and adding loads in stages. The plane and pattern of failure from recorded laboratory tests. The failure shape is analyzed to obtain the mathematical equation. The shape of the failure obtained from the analysis is in the form of an S curve, with a power three polynomial function. Furthermore, the total area of the failure land is calculated. When compared with the results of the analysis using Rankine's theory equation, it is found that the area of the failure soil from the laboratory test of the precast block retaining wall is smaller, while the length of the failure of the soil is longer. The altitude simulation is continued based on the obtained mathematical model.
{"title":"Failure Plane on Precast Block Retaining Wall","authors":"D. I. Mazni, A. Hakam, J. Tanjung, F. Ismail, Yossyafra","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rankine's theory stated that the soil failure plane behind the monolith retaining wall is a linear equation and is applied similarly to the plane of precast block retaining walls. However, the actual failure plane in the field may differ from the theory. This research is done to determine the plane of soil failure behind a precast block retaining wall using wall modeling tests in the laboratory. Several stages for laboratory tests are carried out. Starting with making a precast block retaining wall with the planned dimensions, then a failure test is carried out by giving variations and adding loads in stages. The plane and pattern of failure from recorded laboratory tests. The failure shape is analyzed to obtain the mathematical equation. The shape of the failure obtained from the analysis is in the form of an S curve, with a power three polynomial function. Furthermore, the total area of the failure land is calculated. When compared with the results of the analysis using Rankine's theory equation, it is found that the area of the failure soil from the laboratory test of the precast block retaining wall is smaller, while the length of the failure of the soil is longer. The altitude simulation is continued based on the obtained mathematical model.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45082402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The main problem is to raise the standard of construction, rethinking concrete's expanding potential as a construction material. The scarcity of river sand as a fine aggregate ingredient is currently a widespread issue for many concrete plants. As a result, quarried stones that were accessible locally were used as fine aggregate. Crushed Rock Particles, also known as crushed sand, performs better in terms of fresh characteristics since there are more fines present in CRF than in river sand. The current study additionally examines the relationship between plastic viscosity and the fresh and hardened SCC properties. As a partial substitute for Ordinary Portland Cement, Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Slag blends are used to generate binary and ternary. The experimental tests satisfactorily validate the suggested blend design. The results shown that SCC mixture with ternary blend, binary blend with GGBS, fly ash, and blend with pure OPC are suitable for creating fresh characteristics. Additionally, it was found that a cohesive and workable mix was produced when 100 % CRF was used in place of sand.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of High Strength Self Compacting Concrete Based on Rheological Mix Proportioning","authors":"U. V. N. Rao, CH. Naga, Satish Kumar","doi":"10.2478/cee-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main problem is to raise the standard of construction, rethinking concrete's expanding potential as a construction material. The scarcity of river sand as a fine aggregate ingredient is currently a widespread issue for many concrete plants. As a result, quarried stones that were accessible locally were used as fine aggregate. Crushed Rock Particles, also known as crushed sand, performs better in terms of fresh characteristics since there are more fines present in CRF than in river sand. The current study additionally examines the relationship between plastic viscosity and the fresh and hardened SCC properties. As a partial substitute for Ordinary Portland Cement, Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Slag blends are used to generate binary and ternary. The experimental tests satisfactorily validate the suggested blend design. The results shown that SCC mixture with ternary blend, binary blend with GGBS, fly ash, and blend with pure OPC are suitable for creating fresh characteristics. Additionally, it was found that a cohesive and workable mix was produced when 100 % CRF was used in place of sand.","PeriodicalId":42034,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46559510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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