Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-564-578
M. M. Pestov
Introduction: the article analyzes a discussion on legal method of Roman law, including the question about the period of time when the method was developed. Purpose: to assess the views presented in the literature on external cultural factors that could influence the development of legal method. The main divergences between the approaches to understanding the Roman legal method are identified and attempts to reconcile them are analyzed. Based on the analysis of ancient juridical and non-juridical sources, the author attempts to determine the historical period when the Roman legal method may have appeared. Results: the analysis of different views showed that rhetoric, logic and intuitive cognition are regarded as the main factors that shaped the legal method of Roman law. However, the study of ancient sources does not give the understanding of a certain time period when it appeared. Conclusions: the different views presented in the literature not so much contradict as supplement each other. Thus, it is be more fruitful to analyze Roman law sources taking into account different approaches. It is not possible to determine a certain historical period when the legal method appeared. Due to the lack of sufficient information in the sources, it is also hardly possible to attribute the emergence of the method to a certain Roman jurist whose treatises would demonstrate a methodology of legal studies developed at that time. It appears to be more reasonable to reconstruct the external circumstances, the cultural environment for each individual period in the history of Roman jurisprudence.
{"title":"THE DEBATE ON THE METHOD OF ROMAN JURISPRUDENCE AND ITS FOUNDER: A SHORT HISTORICAL ESSAY","authors":"M. M. Pestov","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-564-578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-564-578","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article analyzes a discussion on legal method of Roman law, including the question about the period of time when the method was developed. Purpose: to assess the views presented in the literature on external cultural factors that could influence the development of legal method. The main divergences between the approaches to understanding the Roman legal method are identified and attempts to reconcile them are analyzed. Based on the analysis of ancient juridical and non-juridical sources, the author attempts to determine the historical period when the Roman legal method may have appeared. Results: the analysis of different views showed that rhetoric, logic and intuitive cognition are regarded as the main factors that shaped the legal method of Roman law. However, the study of ancient sources does not give the understanding of a certain time period when it appeared. Conclusions: the different views presented in the literature not so much contradict as supplement each other. Thus, it is be more fruitful to analyze Roman law sources taking into account different approaches. It is not possible to determine a certain historical period when the legal method appeared. Due to the lack of sufficient information in the sources, it is also hardly possible to attribute the emergence of the method to a certain Roman jurist whose treatises would demonstrate a methodology of legal studies developed at that time. It appears to be more reasonable to reconstruct the external circumstances, the cultural environment for each individual period in the history of Roman jurisprudence.","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77910530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-187-207
K. Maslov
Ма с ло в К. В. 188 THREATS TO NATIONAL TAX SECURITY: LEGAL DIMENSION K. V. Maslov Dostoevsky Omsk State University E-mail: mas_law@mail.ru Rece iv e d 1 Fe b 2 0 2 2 Introduction: the article is devoted to the identification of essential signs of threats to na- tional tax security, significant for lawmaking and law enforcement. The study of the content and types of such threats makes it possible to determine the forms and methods of legal support for the tax security of the state, to minimize the likelihood of harmful properties of the legal norms themselves. Purpose: to identify the essence of threats to national tax security and classify them in the context of their legal regulation. Methods: system analysis of the provisions of the phi- losophy of security, taxation theory; analysis of Russian and foreign doctrinal sources in the field of legal theory and branch legal sciences; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, deduction and induction; the legal-dogmatic method and the method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: threats to national tax security essentially represent a set of events or acts that can prevent the collection of the planned amount of tax revenue calculated so that there could be ensured full funding necessary for the performance of their functions and tasks by the state and municipalities both in the current period and for a long-term development. The paper provides a classification of threats which was developed based on criteria such as the degree of their being targeted against tax collection, the source and territory of occurrence, the subject, the period of action, the participation of a person, the object, the relationship with law. Conclu- sions: threats to national tax security are not limited to the most harmful violations of tax legis- lation but also comprise deeper determinants that make illegal behavior accessible and profita- ble for private and public participants in tax relations. Through defining the nature and identi- fying the types of threats to national tax security, it is possible to adequately minimize their im- pact by appropriate legal regulation
Ма * ло * К。В。188对国家税收安全的威胁:法律层面K. V.马斯洛夫·陀思妥耶夫斯基鄂木斯克国立大学e -mail: mas_law@mail.ru Rece ive d 1 Fe b 2 2引言:本文致力于识别对国家税收安全威胁的基本迹象，对立法和执法具有重要意义。通过对这些威胁的内容和类型的研究，可以确定法律支持国家税收安全的形式和方法，最大限度地减少法律规范本身有害属性的可能性。目的:识别国家税收安全威胁的本质，并在法律规制的背景下对其进行分类。方法:系统分析规定的安全哲学、税收理论;分析俄罗斯和外国在法学理论和法学分支领域的理论来源;形式逻辑与辩证逻辑、演绎与归纳的理论方法;法律教条主义方法与法律规范解释方法。结果:对国家税收安全的威胁基本上代表了一系列事件或行为，这些事件或行为可以阻止征收计划的税收收入，从而确保国家和市政当局在当前时期和长期发展中履行其职能和任务所需的全部资金。本文根据威胁对税收征收的影响程度、发生的来源和领域、主体、诉讼期间、人的参与、客体、与法律的关系等标准对威胁进行了分类。结论:对国家税收安全的威胁不仅限于对税收立法的最有害的违反，而且还包括更深层次的决定因素，这些决定因素使税收关系中的私人和公共参与者可以进行非法行为并从中获利。通过界定对国家税收安全的威胁的性质和类型，可以通过适当的法律规制来充分减少其影响
{"title":"THREATS TO NATIONAL TAX SECURITY: LEGAL DIMENSION","authors":"K. Maslov","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-187-207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-187-207","url":null,"abstract":"Ма с ло в К. В. 188 THREATS TO NATIONAL TAX SECURITY: LEGAL DIMENSION K. V. Maslov Dostoevsky Omsk State University E-mail: mas_law@mail.ru Rece iv e d 1 Fe b 2 0 2 2 Introduction: the article is devoted to the identification of essential signs of threats to na- tional tax security, significant for lawmaking and law enforcement. The study of the content and types of such threats makes it possible to determine the forms and methods of legal support for the tax security of the state, to minimize the likelihood of harmful properties of the legal norms themselves. Purpose: to identify the essence of threats to national tax security and classify them in the context of their legal regulation. Methods: system analysis of the provisions of the phi- losophy of security, taxation theory; analysis of Russian and foreign doctrinal sources in the field of legal theory and branch legal sciences; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, deduction and induction; the legal-dogmatic method and the method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: threats to national tax security essentially represent a set of events or acts that can prevent the collection of the planned amount of tax revenue calculated so that there could be ensured full funding necessary for the performance of their functions and tasks by the state and municipalities both in the current period and for a long-term development. The paper provides a classification of threats which was developed based on criteria such as the degree of their being targeted against tax collection, the source and territory of occurrence, the subject, the period of action, the participation of a person, the object, the relationship with law. Conclu- sions: threats to national tax security are not limited to the most harmful violations of tax legis- lation but also comprise deeper determinants that make illegal behavior accessible and profita- ble for private and public participants in tax relations. Through defining the nature and identi- fying the types of threats to national tax security, it is possible to adequately minimize their im- pact by appropriate legal regulation","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84972097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2021-55-107-126
T. Neshataeva
Introduction: the article is devoted to the problems of judicial independence and standards of judicial conduct. Purpose: to analyze the independence of judges tracing its procedural and judicial development through the example of the activities of the Court of the EAEU, as well as in the light of the emergence of new virtual forms of influence on judges and their independence. Methods: general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative legal method, cultural-historical approach. Results: the EAEU has already established international integration management bodies; however, violation of procedural regulations (or their absence) generates unacceptable dishonesty in the implementation of norms. A conflict that slows down the integration can arise not only directly in the economic turnover but can also be artificially created by a bad faith influence on the court from the public, for example, in a digital environment. This happens in case of violation of standards of international service such as competence, objectivity, conflict of interest, and good faith. Pressure to change a judicial act is a particularly dangerous form of violation of these standards. Conclusions: it is necessary to improve the procedural formalization of the activities of the EAEU bodies: the methods of voting on economic issues in supranational bodies should be changed, as well as the structure of the Court of the EAEU. Changes are also required in the mechanism of execution of the Court’s judgments. Publicity as well as stricter mechanisms for appointing judges, including those of an international court, can serve as a serious antidote to bad faith actions in a virtual environment.
{"title":"INDEPENDENCE AND GOOD FAITH OF THE COURT AND JUDGES IN THE DIGITAL AGE: AN INTEGRATION EXPERIENCE","authors":"T. Neshataeva","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2021-55-107-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2021-55-107-126","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article is devoted to the problems of judicial independence and standards of judicial conduct. Purpose: to analyze the independence of judges tracing its procedural and judicial development through the example of the activities of the Court of the EAEU, as well as in the light of the emergence of new virtual forms of influence on judges and their independence. Methods: general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative legal method, cultural-historical approach. Results: the EAEU has already established international integration management bodies; however, violation of procedural regulations (or their absence) generates unacceptable dishonesty in the implementation of norms. A conflict that slows down the integration can arise not only directly in the economic turnover but can also be artificially created by a bad faith influence on the court from the public, for example, in a digital environment. This happens in case of violation of standards of international service such as competence, objectivity, conflict of interest, and good faith. Pressure to change a judicial act is a particularly dangerous form of violation of these standards. Conclusions: it is necessary to improve the procedural formalization of the activities of the EAEU bodies: the methods of voting on economic issues in supranational bodies should be changed, as well as the structure of the Court of the EAEU. Changes are also required in the mechanism of execution of the Court’s judgments. Publicity as well as stricter mechanisms for appointing judges, including those of an international court, can serve as a serious antidote to bad faith actions in a virtual environment.","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82589805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-55-48-69
M. N. Kuznetsov, A. Telnov
Introduction: in the context of recent multiple cases of defamation against the Russian Federation, the article analyzes the possibility of civil-law protection of Russia’s reputation and right to reputation. We discuss the possibility of applying the methods of civil-law protection of intangible benefits and personal non-property rights specified in the norms of Russian civil legislation to the protection of Russia’s reputation from defamation, taking into account the specific nature of this intangible benefit and Russia's personal non-property right to this benefit. Purpose: to analyze the current state of social relations associated with the need for civil-law protection of such a type of intangible benefits as reputation and the personal non-property right of the Russian Federation for this benefit, which arose due to the multiple cases of dissemination of false defamatory information concerning the Russian state. Methods: general scientific and special scientific methods were used, including theoretical, formal-legal, comparative-legal ones, method of analysis and synthesis. Results: the paper gives definitions of civil-law protection and safeguarding of the civil right of the Russian Federation to reputation; notes that civil-law protection of reputation should be carried out by means not prohibited by law, i.e. with the use of the appropriate form, means, and methods of protection; investigates the application of the methods of civil-law protection established in Russian civil legislation to the protection of Russia’s reputation from defamation, taking into account the specific nature of reputation as an intangible benefit that Russia possesses. Conclusions: it is essential to distinguish independent methods of civil-law protection of the reputation of the Russian Federation from defamation as this would make it possible to provide effective protection and hold liable for acts of defamation.
{"title":"CIVIL-LAW PROTECTION OF THE REPUTATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FROM DEFAMATION","authors":"M. N. Kuznetsov, A. Telnov","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-55-48-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-55-48-69","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: in the context of recent multiple cases of defamation against the Russian Federation, the article analyzes the possibility of civil-law protection of Russia’s reputation and right to reputation. We discuss the possibility of applying the methods of civil-law protection of intangible benefits and personal non-property rights specified in the norms of Russian civil legislation to the protection of Russia’s reputation from defamation, taking into account the specific nature of this intangible benefit and Russia's personal non-property right to this benefit. Purpose: to analyze the current state of social relations associated with the need for civil-law protection of such a type of intangible benefits as reputation and the personal non-property right of the Russian Federation for this benefit, which arose due to the multiple cases of dissemination of false defamatory information concerning the Russian state. Methods: general scientific and special scientific methods were used, including theoretical, formal-legal, comparative-legal ones, method of analysis and synthesis. Results: the paper gives definitions of civil-law protection and safeguarding of the civil right of the Russian Federation to reputation; notes that civil-law protection of reputation should be carried out by means not prohibited by law, i.e. with the use of the appropriate form, means, and methods of protection; investigates the application of the methods of civil-law protection established in Russian civil legislation to the protection of Russia’s reputation from defamation, taking into account the specific nature of reputation as an intangible benefit that Russia possesses. Conclusions: it is essential to distinguish independent methods of civil-law protection of the reputation of the Russian Federation from defamation as this would make it possible to provide effective protection and hold liable for acts of defamation.","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81345281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-309-335
S. L. Nudel, D. Pechegin
Introduction: taking into account the ongoing digitalization as the major context, the ar- ticle analyzes the current state and prospects for the development of criminal policy in the field of economic security. Purpose: to identify the trends in the modern criminal law impact on so- cial relations in the field of economic activity and to propose ways to improve legislation aimed at implementing criminal policy on economic security in the context of digitalization. Methods: general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, interpretation, formal logic; method of histori- cal and legal analysis; methods of legalistic (technical) analysis and legal modeling. Results: we have identified the following trends in criminal policy in the field of economic security: the deviation (shift) of the rules of criminal law and criminal procedure; the absence of a set of al- ternative measures of influence on legally protected relations; the insufficiency of digital me- chanisms in the criminal law impact on social relations. Conclusions: there should be expected amendments to criminal and criminal procedure legislation aimed at maintaining the balance of private and public interests. However, an appropriate level of this balance can be achieved only with timely counteraction to emerging risks and threats to economic security (corruption, capi- tal outflow, insecurity in the insurance and loan sectors, currency circulation, etc.), while en- suring the coordination of criminal law, administrative, civil, financial regulations, as well as the optimization of law enforcement (administration of law).
{"title":"CRIMINAL POLICY IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMIC SECURITY: TRENDS OF THE DIGITAL ERA","authors":"S. L. Nudel, D. Pechegin","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-309-335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-309-335","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: taking into account the ongoing digitalization as the major context, the ar- ticle analyzes the current state and prospects for the development of criminal policy in the field of economic security. Purpose: to identify the trends in the modern criminal law impact on so- cial relations in the field of economic activity and to propose ways to improve legislation aimed at implementing criminal policy on economic security in the context of digitalization. Methods: general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, interpretation, formal logic; method of histori- cal and legal analysis; methods of legalistic (technical) analysis and legal modeling. Results: we have identified the following trends in criminal policy in the field of economic security: the deviation (shift) of the rules of criminal law and criminal procedure; the absence of a set of al- ternative measures of influence on legally protected relations; the insufficiency of digital me- chanisms in the criminal law impact on social relations. Conclusions: there should be expected amendments to criminal and criminal procedure legislation aimed at maintaining the balance of private and public interests. However, an appropriate level of this balance can be achieved only with timely counteraction to emerging risks and threats to economic security (corruption, capi- tal outflow, insecurity in the insurance and loan sectors, currency circulation, etc.), while en- suring the coordination of criminal law, administrative, civil, financial regulations, as well as the optimization of law enforcement (administration of law).","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86523321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-208-238
E. Komissarova
До ктр и на неп о ср ед ст в ен но го (фа кти ч еско го ) р о ди т ель ст ва ... 209 и правовой ресурс, нежели это традиционно принято считать. Впоследствии она вполне может быть вовлечена в научный дискурс в качестве адаптивной, позволяя предложить законодателю инструменты для краткого внедрения в пространство права фактов со- циального родительства. Выводы: следование идеалу малой нуклеарной семьи как осно- вополагающему нормативному образу, хранимому законодательствами абсолютного большинства стран, не исключает точечного нормативного реагирования на случаи не- посредственного родительства, претендующего на роль социального. По итогам анали- тики правовых систем законодательств разных стран выделены три вида законода- тельных стратегий в регулировании такого родительства: радикальная (США), либе- рально-консервативная (Англия), консервативная (страны Западной Европы). Концепции фактического родительства, существующие в разных странах, не являются ни едины- ми, ни однозначными. Российская юриспруденция пока не готова к учету новых социаль- ных и медицинских событий, выступающих катализаторами для создания полномерной теории родительства в праве. Одним из условий ее создания является принятие роди- тельства в праве не только в качестве того порогового явления, за которым начинают свой отчет родительские права и обязанности, но и явления динамического, претерпе- вающего многообразные видоизменения, касающиеся существования семьи и воспитания ребенка. Ключевые слова: родство; происхождение ребенка; супружеская презумпция; нуклеарная семья; биологическое родство; генетические основания родительства; социальное родительство; законное родительство; родительские презумпции; распад брака; права и обязанности родителей; перестроенные семьи; родительство отчима; сводное родительство; приемное родительство THE DOCTRINE OF DE FACTO PARENTHOOD IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN FAMILY LAW E. G. Komissarova Perm State University E-mail: eg-komissarov@yandex.ru Rece iv e d 3 De c 2 0 2 1 Introduction: there is no integral theoretical concept of parenthood in law, and the ques- tion of a possible positive differentiation of this type of status is not discussed. Some aspects of parental theory are sporadically covered in the literature, but, not being embedded in the gen- eral concept of parenthood, they only remain individual judgements. The current situation in Russia can be characterized by high rates of socio-cultural dynamics that entail changes in the forms of family; the intervention of jurisprudence in the established systems of origin of child- ren, Russia’s leading position in the world by the number of divorces. In this context, the legal problems of parenthood are gaining new points of academic interest, going beyond the known formulations of parental rights and responsibilities. Purpose: using interdisciplinary knowledge from sociology, anthropology, and psychology, to substantiate theoretical and methodological guidelines significant for the creation of the t
{"title":"THE DOCTRINE OF DE FACTO PARENTHOOD IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN FAMILY LAW","authors":"E. Komissarova","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-208-238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-208-238","url":null,"abstract":"До ктр и на неп о ср ед ст в ен но го (фа кти ч еско го ) р о ди т ель ст ва ... 209 и правовой ресурс, нежели это традиционно принято считать. Впоследствии она вполне может быть вовлечена в научный дискурс в качестве адаптивной, позволяя предложить законодателю инструменты для краткого внедрения в пространство права фактов со- циального родительства. Выводы: следование идеалу малой нуклеарной семьи как осно- вополагающему нормативному образу, хранимому законодательствами абсолютного большинства стран, не исключает точечного нормативного реагирования на случаи не- посредственного родительства, претендующего на роль социального. По итогам анали- тики правовых систем законодательств разных стран выделены три вида законода- тельных стратегий в регулировании такого родительства: радикальная (США), либе- рально-консервативная (Англия), консервативная (страны Западной Европы). Концепции фактического родительства, существующие в разных странах, не являются ни едины- ми, ни однозначными. Российская юриспруденция пока не готова к учету новых социаль- ных и медицинских событий, выступающих катализаторами для создания полномерной теории родительства в праве. Одним из условий ее создания является принятие роди- тельства в праве не только в качестве того порогового явления, за которым начинают свой отчет родительские права и обязанности, но и явления динамического, претерпе- вающего многообразные видоизменения, касающиеся существования семьи и воспитания ребенка. Ключевые слова: родство; происхождение ребенка; супружеская презумпция; нуклеарная семья; биологическое родство; генетические основания родительства; социальное родительство; законное родительство; родительские презумпции; распад брака; права и обязанности родителей; перестроенные семьи; родительство отчима; сводное родительство; приемное родительство THE DOCTRINE OF DE FACTO PARENTHOOD IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN FAMILY LAW E. G. Komissarova Perm State University E-mail: eg-komissarov@yandex.ru Rece iv e d 3 De c 2 0 2 1 Introduction: there is no integral theoretical concept of parenthood in law, and the ques- tion of a possible positive differentiation of this type of status is not discussed. Some aspects of parental theory are sporadically covered in the literature, but, not being embedded in the gen- eral concept of parenthood, they only remain individual judgements. The current situation in Russia can be characterized by high rates of socio-cultural dynamics that entail changes in the forms of family; the intervention of jurisprudence in the established systems of origin of child- ren, Russia’s leading position in the world by the number of divorces. In this context, the legal problems of parenthood are gaining new points of academic interest, going beyond the known formulations of parental rights and responsibilities. Purpose: using interdisciplinary knowledge from sociology, anthropology, and psychology, to substantiate theoretical and methodological guidelines significant for the creation of the t","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84412380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-737-745
O. Tatar
Introduction: the author discusses the procedures for concluding, amending, and terminating international commercial contracts, and also the responsibility of the parties to such contracts in case of evasion or unwillingness of the parties to fulfill the conditions of the concluded contracts. The article aims to study the procedures for the conclusion and termination of international commercial contracts and liability under them. The main legal means of interaction between participants in the commercial turnover is a civil contract. In the field of international commercial turnover, a civil contract acquires the features of an international commercial contract. International commercial contracts mediate the international business activities of the parties and differ from similar internal transactions, as well as from transactions that, although complicated by a foreign element, are concluded with the participation of the consumer. International commercial practice has developed a number of requirements usually imposed on the content and structure of international commercial contracts. It is concluded that international commercial contracts usually contain several sections located in a certain logical sequence, although the content and structure of contracts may vary depending on the specifics of the product and a number of other conditions.
{"title":"THE PROCEDURES FOR THE CONCLUSION AND TERMINATION OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS AND LIABILITY UNDER THEM","authors":"O. Tatar","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-737-745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-737-745","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the author discusses the procedures for concluding, amending, and terminating international commercial contracts, and also the responsibility of the parties to such contracts in case of evasion or unwillingness of the parties to fulfill the conditions of the concluded contracts. The article aims to study the procedures for the conclusion and termination of international commercial contracts and liability under them. The main legal means of interaction between participants in the commercial turnover is a civil contract. In the field of international commercial turnover, a civil contract acquires the features of an international commercial contract. International commercial contracts mediate the international business activities of the parties and differ from similar internal transactions, as well as from transactions that, although complicated by a foreign element, are concluded with the participation of the consumer. International commercial practice has developed a number of requirements usually imposed on the content and structure of international commercial contracts. It is concluded that international commercial contracts usually contain several sections located in a certain logical sequence, although the content and structure of contracts may vary depending on the specifics of the product and a number of other conditions.","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77933250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-658-682
M. Ulianova
Introduction: modern ideas about the exercise of rights are associated with the concepts of limits of the exercise of rights and abuse of rights. This topic is discussed in the paper with regard to the science of family law. Researchers use the concept of the abuse of parental rights in works on family law, the legislator – when referring to measures of family law protection and the extreme form of responsibility. Meanwhile, the content of the interrelated concept of the limits of the exercise of family rights has not yet been researched in detail as distinguished from other concepts. There are no works providing insight into the scope of this concept determined by its belonging to family law, no studies discussing the common and distinctive features of the concept in relation to other branches (in particular, in relation to civil law, where the abovementioned categories have been developed sufficiently). The existence of concepts that do not have a well-developed comprehensive definition negatively affects both social relations and law enforcement. Purpose: to define the concept of ‘the limits of the exercise of family rights’, to identify the attributes of the limits of the exercise of family rights, the meaning of the formation of the term. Methods: historical, comparative-legal, structural-functional. Results: the paper provides a study of the category ‘limits of the exercise of the right’ from a historical perspective; identifies the attributes of the definition of this concept, thus distinguishing it from other similar concepts; provides understanding of the limits of the exercise of family rights and fulfilment of obligations as presented in the science of family law; offers the term ‘limits of the exercise of family rights and fulfilment of obligations’. Conclusions: the conclusions drawn as a result of the research conducted can be applied in the development of scientific knowledge about the exercise of family rights and fulfillment of obligations.
{"title":"LIMITS OF THE EXERCISE OF FAMILY RIGHTS","authors":"M. Ulianova","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-658-682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-58-658-682","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: modern ideas about the exercise of rights are associated with the concepts of limits of the exercise of rights and abuse of rights. This topic is discussed in the paper with regard to the science of family law. Researchers use the concept of the abuse of parental rights in works on family law, the legislator – when referring to measures of family law protection and the extreme form of responsibility. Meanwhile, the content of the interrelated concept of the limits of the exercise of family rights has not yet been researched in detail as distinguished from other concepts. There are no works providing insight into the scope of this concept determined by its belonging to family law, no studies discussing the common and distinctive features of the concept in relation to other branches (in particular, in relation to civil law, where the abovementioned categories have been developed sufficiently). The existence of concepts that do not have a well-developed comprehensive definition negatively affects both social relations and law enforcement. Purpose: to define the concept of ‘the limits of the exercise of family rights’, to identify the attributes of the limits of the exercise of family rights, the meaning of the formation of the term. Methods: historical, comparative-legal, structural-functional. Results: the paper provides a study of the category ‘limits of the exercise of the right’ from a historical perspective; identifies the attributes of the definition of this concept, thus distinguishing it from other similar concepts; provides understanding of the limits of the exercise of family rights and fulfilment of obligations as presented in the science of family law; offers the term ‘limits of the exercise of family rights and fulfilment of obligations’. Conclusions: the conclusions drawn as a result of the research conducted can be applied in the development of scientific knowledge about the exercise of family rights and fulfillment of obligations.","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"30 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77970106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-268-280
L. Chegovadze, T. Deryugina
Дей с тви я п о р еа ли за ц и и гр а жда нс ко го п р а ва в фо р ме и сп о ль зо ва ни я 269 действий и/или налицо значимые признаки правовых состояний. Проведена систематиза- ция действий, направленных на использование субъективного гражданского права. Ключевые слова: субъективное гражданское право; реализация права; осуществление права; использование права; цели осуществления права; основания возникновения прав; форма волеизъявления; действие; правомерное поведение; правовое состояние ACTIONS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A CIVIL RIGHT IN THE FORM OF USE L. A. Chegovadze Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Af- fairs of Russia E-mail: chegov@mail.ru T. V. Deryugina Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Af- fairs of Russia E-mail: sofija96@mail.ru Rece iv e d 1 3 A pr 2 0 2 2 Introduction: the article is devoted to the study of the implementation of civil law as a process of translating the content of the norms of law into specific rights. Purpose and objec- tives: the study aims to define and classify actions on the use of the norms of civil law. Methods: a set of scientific methods, with the comparative legal method, methods of consistency and analysis used as major ones. Results: actions on the use of the norms of civil law can be classi- fied as follows: on the basis of the presence or absence of expressed will; by the number of per- sons performing actions; by the form of legal formalization of the will of the parties; by the need to control the actions performed; by the completeness of the coincidence of the signs of actions with civil regulations; as initial and derivative actions. The approach outlined in the article complements theoretical provisions concerning the implementation of civil law. Conclusions: civil law is implemented when the legal activity of subjects results in a particular subject’s be- coming a rightsholder. The implementation of civil law occurs through lawful actions (inaction) of participants in social relations associated with the use of relevant norms of law; the actions can both be purposeful or have no specific goal. Unlawful acts also lead to the implementation of civil law norms, but not in the form of use, since unlawful acts are a violation, not the use of law. In some cases, the process of implementing civil law is influenced by the special legal sta- tus of the subjects, modifying the process of implementation in the same way as, for example, the legal regime of the object of civil rights. The legal effect in the form of emergence of a civil right in connection with actions on the implementation of law in the form of use occurs if the procedure and conditions for performing the actions are observed and/or there are obvious sig- nificant signs of legal statuses. The paper provides systematization of actions aimed at the use of civil rights
{"title":"ACTIONS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A CIVIL RIGHT IN THE FORM OF USE","authors":"L. Chegovadze, T. Deryugina","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-268-280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-268-280","url":null,"abstract":"Дей с тви я п о р еа ли за ц и и гр а жда нс ко го п р а ва в фо р ме и сп о ль зо ва ни я 269 действий и/или налицо значимые признаки правовых состояний. Проведена систематиза- ция действий, направленных на использование субъективного гражданского права. Ключевые слова: субъективное гражданское право; реализация права; осуществление права; использование права; цели осуществления права; основания возникновения прав; форма волеизъявления; действие; правомерное поведение; правовое состояние ACTIONS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A CIVIL RIGHT IN THE FORM OF USE L. A. Chegovadze Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Af- fairs of Russia E-mail: chegov@mail.ru T. V. Deryugina Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Af- fairs of Russia E-mail: sofija96@mail.ru Rece iv e d 1 3 A pr 2 0 2 2 Introduction: the article is devoted to the study of the implementation of civil law as a process of translating the content of the norms of law into specific rights. Purpose and objec- tives: the study aims to define and classify actions on the use of the norms of civil law. Methods: a set of scientific methods, with the comparative legal method, methods of consistency and analysis used as major ones. Results: actions on the use of the norms of civil law can be classi- fied as follows: on the basis of the presence or absence of expressed will; by the number of per- sons performing actions; by the form of legal formalization of the will of the parties; by the need to control the actions performed; by the completeness of the coincidence of the signs of actions with civil regulations; as initial and derivative actions. The approach outlined in the article complements theoretical provisions concerning the implementation of civil law. Conclusions: civil law is implemented when the legal activity of subjects results in a particular subject’s be- coming a rightsholder. The implementation of civil law occurs through lawful actions (inaction) of participants in social relations associated with the use of relevant norms of law; the actions can both be purposeful or have no specific goal. Unlawful acts also lead to the implementation of civil law norms, but not in the form of use, since unlawful acts are a violation, not the use of law. In some cases, the process of implementing civil law is influenced by the special legal sta- tus of the subjects, modifying the process of implementation in the same way as, for example, the legal regime of the object of civil rights. The legal effect in the form of emergence of a civil right in connection with actions on the implementation of law in the form of use occurs if the procedure and conditions for performing the actions are observed and/or there are obvious sig- nificant signs of legal statuses. The paper provides systematization of actions aimed at the use of civil rights","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"25 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83158116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-57-427-453
A. Borenstein, E. Pozdnyakova
Introduction: the article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the formation and functioning of the public service in the Russian state. Purpose: to identify the problems of the transformation of the state and municipal service institution from historical, legal, and law enforcement perspectives. Methods: historical, formal logical, methods of comparative law, analogy, induction. Results: the formation and development of the public service in the country was negatively influenced by the tendency toward the dominance of the centralized state, present at different stages of Russia’s historical development. Given the absence of its own method and the complex nature of relations regulated by state service law, it cannot be considered an independent branch of Russian law. Being two sides of the same coin, the principles of differentiation and interaction are natural components of the single process of the public administration system development, permanently requiring improvement and refinement. Personnel policy in the field of public service has major shortcomings, including those related to the selection of candidates, the lack of proper monetary incentives for employees, gender imbalance. Conclusions: in the modern legal doctrine, it is necessary to clarify the place of public service through defining it as a subbranch of administrative law. One of the most important tasks facing the Russian legislator is to develop a special system of constructive interaction of public services of various levels in order to ensure the extensive and diversified development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by formalizing the principles of the delimitation of powers of public services. The problems of personnel policy with regard to public servants could be solved by improving the procedure for the selection of candidates, reviewing the procedure for remunerative incentives, and normalizing the gender structure of the human resources.
{"title":"ISSUES OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE INSTITUTION OF PUBLIC SERVICE IN RUSSIA","authors":"A. Borenstein, E. Pozdnyakova","doi":"10.17072/1995-4190-2022-57-427-453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2022-57-427-453","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the formation and functioning of the public service in the Russian state. Purpose: to identify the problems of the transformation of the state and municipal service institution from historical, legal, and law enforcement perspectives. Methods: historical, formal logical, methods of comparative law, analogy, induction. Results: the formation and development of the public service in the country was negatively influenced by the tendency toward the dominance of the centralized state, present at different stages of Russia’s historical development. Given the absence of its own method and the complex nature of relations regulated by state service law, it cannot be considered an independent branch of Russian law. Being two sides of the same coin, the principles of differentiation and interaction are natural components of the single process of the public administration system development, permanently requiring improvement and refinement. Personnel policy in the field of public service has major shortcomings, including those related to the selection of candidates, the lack of proper monetary incentives for employees, gender imbalance. Conclusions: in the modern legal doctrine, it is necessary to clarify the place of public service through defining it as a subbranch of administrative law. One of the most important tasks facing the Russian legislator is to develop a special system of constructive interaction of public services of various levels in order to ensure the extensive and diversified development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by formalizing the principles of the delimitation of powers of public services. The problems of personnel policy with regard to public servants could be solved by improving the procedure for the selection of candidates, reviewing the procedure for remunerative incentives, and normalizing the gender structure of the human resources.","PeriodicalId":42087,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Juridicheskie Nauki","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81641667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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