{"title":"The Silencing of Slaves in Early Jewish and Christian Texts by R. Charles (review)","authors":"C. L. de Wet","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"193 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article examines the contributions of Ernest van Eck concerning the interpretation of parables in the Gospel of Luke. Parables are means of communication in first-century Palestine during the ministry of Jesus. Often concepts, ideas, and images familiar to and evoking the social realities and cultural scripts of the audience are engaged in the composition of parables. Jesus did not depart from the means of communication of his audience, including the religious leaders. Parables occupy a substantial place in the teachings of Jesus in the Gospels. The church fathers engaged allegorism in the interpretation of the parables, which makes general the meaning of the parables. Ernest van Eck uses social-scientific criticism to interpret the parables in the attempt to relate it to the specific phenomena of honour, shame, hospitality, peasantry, patronage and clientele, elite and poor, in the context of the audience of the Jesus tradition of 27–30 CE. The interpretive outcomes are that the kingdom of the temple and the kingdom of Rome have created unfavourable conditions for the poor and peasants. The new kingdom seeks to remove all social and cultural challenges and barriers between the elite urban aristocrats and the poor rural peasants.
摘要：本文考察了欧内斯特·范埃克对《路加福音》中寓言的阐释所作的贡献。寓言是一世纪巴勒斯坦耶稣传道期间的交流方式。通常，观众熟悉并唤起社会现实和文化脚本的概念、想法和图像都参与了寓言的创作。耶稣没有偏离他的听众，包括宗教领袖的沟通方式。寓言在福音书中耶稣的教导中占有重要地位。教会的父亲们在寓言的解释中使用了寓言主义，这使寓言的含义变得普遍。欧内斯特·范埃克（Ernest van Eck）利用社会科学批评来解释这些寓言，试图将其与公元27-30年耶稣传统受众的荣誉、羞耻、好客、农民、赞助人和客户、精英和穷人等具体现象联系起来。解释的结果是，圣殿王国和罗马王国为穷人和农民创造了不利的条件。新王国寻求消除精英城市贵族和贫穷农村农民之间的所有社会和文化挑战和障碍。
{"title":"Social-Scientific Interpretation of the Parables of Jesus in Luke: A Review of Some Works of Ernest van Eck","authors":"Daniel Nii Aboagye Aryeh","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines the contributions of Ernest van Eck concerning the interpretation of parables in the Gospel of Luke. Parables are means of communication in first-century Palestine during the ministry of Jesus. Often concepts, ideas, and images familiar to and evoking the social realities and cultural scripts of the audience are engaged in the composition of parables. Jesus did not depart from the means of communication of his audience, including the religious leaders. Parables occupy a substantial place in the teachings of Jesus in the Gospels. The church fathers engaged allegorism in the interpretation of the parables, which makes general the meaning of the parables. Ernest van Eck uses social-scientific criticism to interpret the parables in the attempt to relate it to the specific phenomena of honour, shame, hospitality, peasantry, patronage and clientele, elite and poor, in the context of the audience of the Jesus tradition of 27–30 CE. The interpretive outcomes are that the kingdom of the temple and the kingdom of Rome have created unfavourable conditions for the poor and peasants. The new kingdom seeks to remove all social and cultural challenges and barriers between the elite urban aristocrats and the poor rural peasants.","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"171 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47499885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"About Earth's Child: An Ecological Listening to the Gospel of Luke by M. Trainor (review)","authors":"J. Mkole","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"220 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45957646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Saint Thomas the Apostle: New Testament, Apocrypha, and Historical Traditions by Johnson Thomaskutty (review)","authors":"C. L. de Wet","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"212 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48672510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The aim of apocalyptic texts is to influence both the understanding and the behaviour of the audience by means of divine authority. This article explores how this rhetorical aspect of the apocalyptic genre is verified in John's Apocalypse. John identifies himself as the final link in the chain of communication from God to the churches, and in this way he highlights the divine authority of "this book." Furthermore, although the book does not explicitly call on the authority of the Scriptures, it is itself the fruit of an inspired or prophetic reading of the Scriptures focused on the concrete situation of his hearers. The book influences the hearers by drawing them into John's vision; reading the book is meant to lead the readers into a symbolic universe in which God is seen as the creator of all and ὁ παντοκράτωρ. The book is meant to stimulate them to share in John's experience of God's royal rule. In the light of this fresh way of looking, they are expected to be empowered to face the trials of life with endurance (Rev 1:9). The specific nature of this book's rhetoric is articulated in terms of mystagogia, lectio divina and ekphrasis.
{"title":"\"This Book\": The Rhetoric of John's Apocalypse","authors":"P. Decock","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The aim of apocalyptic texts is to influence both the understanding and the behaviour of the audience by means of divine authority. This article explores how this rhetorical aspect of the apocalyptic genre is verified in John's Apocalypse. John identifies himself as the final link in the chain of communication from God to the churches, and in this way he highlights the divine authority of \"this book.\" Furthermore, although the book does not explicitly call on the authority of the Scriptures, it is itself the fruit of an inspired or prophetic reading of the Scriptures focused on the concrete situation of his hearers. The book influences the hearers by drawing them into John's vision; reading the book is meant to lead the readers into a symbolic universe in which God is seen as the creator of all and ὁ παντοκράτωρ. The book is meant to stimulate them to share in John's experience of God's royal rule. In the light of this fresh way of looking, they are expected to be empowered to face the trials of life with endurance (Rev 1:9). The specific nature of this book's rhetoric is articulated in terms of mystagogia, lectio divina and ekphrasis.","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"43 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43392312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article examines petitionary prayer in Revelation 5:8; 6:10; 8:3–4; and 22:20 for the purpose of ascertaining its rhetorical function with respect to the vindication of the martyrs, the judgment of the wicked, the coming of Jesus, and the completion of God's mission in the earth. This analysis also places Revelation in conversation with prayer passages within the Fourth Gospel in order to discern how these documents, read on their own terms and then taken together, provide a fuller picture concerning the function of Johannine prayer.
{"title":"The Rhetorical Function of Petitionary Prayer in Revelation","authors":"S. Adams","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines petitionary prayer in Revelation 5:8; 6:10; 8:3–4; and 22:20 for the purpose of ascertaining its rhetorical function with respect to the vindication of the martyrs, the judgment of the wicked, the coming of Jesus, and the completion of God's mission in the earth. This analysis also places Revelation in conversation with prayer passages within the Fourth Gospel in order to discern how these documents, read on their own terms and then taken together, provide a fuller picture concerning the function of Johannine prayer.","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"1 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46697848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Qué se sabe de … María Magdalena by C. B. Ubieta (review)","authors":"Sergio Rosell Nebreda","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"224 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46618688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Source criticism speaks of that method employed by biblical scholars to get behind a particular biblical text in order to investigate what written material it may have been composed of. A study of the hypothetical Q source presents the opportunity to investigate what the composite material that formed those New Testament texts reflective only in Matthew and Luke was. Over times, the Q hypothesis, which is one of the hypotheses in the Mutual Dependence theory and the Two Document theory, came to a place of dominance in the comity of hypothetical theories that explain the Synoptic problem. However, recently, some scholars consider the Q hypothesis a theological instrument that has served its purpose and, therefore, is no longer useful and should be left behind. Others in modern source-critical studies regard it as overly complicated. This study is an attempt to reaffirm the Brauchbarkeit (usefulness) of Q even in the midst of these objections. Such usefulness includes, but is not limited to a lead to the multiplicity of the New Testament tradition and also the viewing of Jesus as wisdom teacher.
{"title":"Brauchbarkeit of the Q Hypothesis in Modern Source-Critical Studies","authors":"Prince E. Peters","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Source criticism speaks of that method employed by biblical scholars to get behind a particular biblical text in order to investigate what written material it may have been composed of. A study of the hypothetical Q source presents the opportunity to investigate what the composite material that formed those New Testament texts reflective only in Matthew and Luke was. Over times, the Q hypothesis, which is one of the hypotheses in the Mutual Dependence theory and the Two Document theory, came to a place of dominance in the comity of hypothetical theories that explain the Synoptic problem. However, recently, some scholars consider the Q hypothesis a theological instrument that has served its purpose and, therefore, is no longer useful and should be left behind. Others in modern source-critical studies regard it as overly complicated. This study is an attempt to reaffirm the Brauchbarkeit (usefulness) of Q even in the midst of these objections. Such usefulness includes, but is not limited to a lead to the multiplicity of the New Testament tradition and also the viewing of Jesus as wisdom teacher.","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"125 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41991972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:A social-scientific reading of the healing practices—in reference to the worldview of the author of James (as demonstrated in James 5:13–16)—illustrates that he encouraged the laying on of hands and the use of ointment in healing, as well as confessional and communal prayer, to aid the faith of believers in God. The argument within healing ritual theory is that the new prophetic churches in South Africa encourage these healing practices for the purpose of commercialisation, and not necessarily to enhance the faith of their followers. This article will argue that James simply defined sickness as a symptom of the angry spiritual world and recommended that the living appease God through healing rituals. James thus supported healing rituals within the early church, such as prayer, the laying on of hands by elders, and ointment. But James did not make a connection between these practices and the commercialisation of religion. Therefore, a social-scientific reading of James 5:13–16 has scholarly implications when it comes to healing practices in light of the new prophetic churches in South Africa. This study challenges the way in which both scholars and practitioners of faith understand healing practices and the commercialisation of religion.
{"title":"Healing Practices in the Epistle of James Applied to New Prophetic Churches in South Africa","authors":"M. S. Kgatle","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:A social-scientific reading of the healing practices—in reference to the worldview of the author of James (as demonstrated in James 5:13–16)—illustrates that he encouraged the laying on of hands and the use of ointment in healing, as well as confessional and communal prayer, to aid the faith of believers in God. The argument within healing ritual theory is that the new prophetic churches in South Africa encourage these healing practices for the purpose of commercialisation, and not necessarily to enhance the faith of their followers. This article will argue that James simply defined sickness as a symptom of the angry spiritual world and recommended that the living appease God through healing rituals. James thus supported healing rituals within the early church, such as prayer, the laying on of hands by elders, and ointment. But James did not make a connection between these practices and the commercialisation of religion. Therefore, a social-scientific reading of James 5:13–16 has scholarly implications when it comes to healing practices in light of the new prophetic churches in South Africa. This study challenges the way in which both scholars and practitioners of faith understand healing practices and the commercialisation of religion.","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"111 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42349968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Scholarship on 1 Corinthians has almost universally understood 1:26 as a window into the sociological setting of the early church in Corinth. A largely proletariat view of the constituency of the Christian congregation has held sway for centuries on the understanding that Paul highlights to his Corinthian audience their status—that not many of them were wise, not many of them were influential and that not many of them were of noble birth. This article offers a fresh exegesis of 1 Corinthians 1:26–31 to re-evaluate this consensus. Firstly, it will identify some exegetical problems with the traditional understanding. Secondly, it will consider the possibility that Paul's ὅτι construction in 1:26 is being utilised as an interrogative rather than a declarative construction. Thirdly, it will examine Paul's argument from 1:10–4:21, as well as the broader biblical concept of the "despised" in Paul's use of ἄτιμος.
{"title":"Who are the Lowly, Weak and Despised? A Re-evaluation of 1 Corinthians 1:26–31","authors":"Stephen J. Rockwell","doi":"10.1353/neo.2021.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/neo.2021.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Scholarship on 1 Corinthians has almost universally understood 1:26 as a window into the sociological setting of the early church in Corinth. A largely proletariat view of the constituency of the Christian congregation has held sway for centuries on the understanding that Paul highlights to his Corinthian audience their status—that not many of them were wise, not many of them were influential and that not many of them were of noble birth. This article offers a fresh exegesis of 1 Corinthians 1:26–31 to re-evaluate this consensus. Firstly, it will identify some exegetical problems with the traditional understanding. Secondly, it will consider the possibility that Paul's ὅτι construction in 1:26 is being utilised as an interrogative rather than a declarative construction. Thirdly, it will examine Paul's argument from 1:10–4:21, as well as the broader biblical concept of the \"despised\" in Paul's use of ἄτιμος.","PeriodicalId":42126,"journal":{"name":"Neotestamentica","volume":"55 1","pages":"139 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49065708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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