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Differences in motor abilities between competitive and recreational karate practitioners at adolescent age 青少年竞技空手道练习者与休闲空手道练习者运动能力的差异
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2001039g
Miloš Grubješić, Ognjen Stanković
Motor skills as a characteristics involved in solving motor tasks are not equally developed in every individual, whether he or she is an athlete, recreational athlete or is not engaged in physical activity. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in motor skills of adolescents engaged in karate, but at different volume and intensity. The sample consisted of 30 karate practitioners aged 14 and 15, divided into two groups of 15 players. A battery of seven tests was used to assess their motor skills. In statistical data processing, descriptive statistical analysis and the Mann Whitney U test were applied to determine the difference between groups at the level of statistical significance p <0.05. Research has shown that competitive karate practitioners performed better in the tests of explosiveness, repetitive power, endurance, speed and agility. Statistically significant differences in these tests were expected as competitors dedicated more time to training strength, explosiveness and endurance. There were no statistically significant differences in the tests of flexibility and balance, which was partially expected because of the nature of the sport the respondents are engaged in.
运动技能作为解决运动任务的一种特征,在每个人身上并不是平等发展的,无论他或她是运动员、休闲运动员还是不从事体育活动。本研究的目的是确定青少年空手道运动技能的差异,但在不同的体积和强度。样本包括30名年龄在14岁和15岁之间的空手道练习者,分为两组,每组15人。研究人员使用了七项测试来评估他们的运动技能。在统计资料处理上,采用描述性统计分析和Mann Whitney U检验,在p <0.05有统计学意义水平下判定组间差异。研究表明,空手道选手在爆发力、重复力量、耐力、速度和敏捷性测试中表现更好。由于运动员投入了更多的时间来训练力量、爆发力和耐力,预计这些测试结果会有统计学上的显著差异。在柔韧性和平衡测试中没有统计学上的显著差异,这在一定程度上是预期的,因为受访者所从事的运动的性质。
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引用次数: 1
Student perception of role of sport at university 学生对大学体育角色的认知
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2002005n
M. Nešić, B. Nešić
The concept of university sports in Serbia is still dominantly based on occasional sports manifestations (competitions) for students. Mostly in the shape of single ad-hoc tournaments in different areas of sport or as competitions of student athletes within the University sports association. The current position of a majority of student population in terms of university sports in Serbia can be characterized as passive (spectators), while direct participants, who are recruited from the field of active competitive sports, have this only as an “additional” obligation within the sport they already practice in “their” sport clubs. Therefore, students’ perception of the role of sports/physical activity at university represents a very important determinant for creating adequate (new) program contents, concepts and for the implementation of physical education in higher education institutions in Serbia. The goal of this research, which is realised as an empirical non-experimental study, is to identify the attitude and opinion of students about the role of sport and organized physical exercising at university. The sample involved 227 students at the University of Novi Sad and Educons University from Sremska Kamenica. Survey was used as the basic research technique, and the instrument was constructed as a questionnaire whose basic semantic structure was based on similar instruments used in a few earlier studies. The results showed that the currently trend indicates a drop in regular practice of sport after enrolment in faculty, but youth positively perceive the role of sports at higher education institutions, clearly recognizing its importance in social interaction. Therefore, pedagogical implications of this research can certainly dominantly relate to management structures of higher education institutions in shape of a clear message about the necessity to introduce more intense education of all education stakeholders about the values and importance of physical activity (physical exercising) of youth. In that context, they also encourage changes in overall education policy in Serbia.
塞尔维亚大学体育的概念仍然主要基于学生偶尔的体育表现(比赛)。大多是在不同体育领域举办的单项特别比赛,或者是大学体育协会内学生运动员的比赛。就塞尔维亚大学体育而言,大多数学生目前的地位可以被定性为被动(观众),而从积极竞技体育领域招募的直接参与者,只是在他们已经在“他们的”体育俱乐部从事的运动中负有“额外”义务。因此,学生对大学体育/体育活动的作用的看法是创造足够的(新)课程内容、概念和在塞尔维亚高等教育机构实施体育教育的一个非常重要的决定因素。本研究的目的是作为一项实证非实验研究来实现的,目的是确定学生对大学体育运动和有组织的体育锻炼的作用的态度和意见。样本包括来自诺维萨德大学和斯雷姆斯卡卡梅尼卡的埃德康斯大学的227名学生。本研究以问卷调查为基本研究手段,以问卷的形式构建工具,其基本语义结构借鉴了前期研究中使用的类似工具。结果表明,目前的趋势表明,在大学入学后,青少年经常参加体育活动的人数有所下降,但青少年积极地认识到体育在高等教育机构中的作用,清楚地认识到体育在社会交往中的重要性。因此,本研究的教学意义当然可以主要与高等教育机构的管理结构有关,其形式是一个明确的信息,即有必要向所有教育利益相关者介绍有关青少年体育活动(体育锻炼)的价值和重要性的更强烈的教育。在这方面,它们还鼓励改变塞尔维亚的全面教育政策。
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引用次数: 0
Hand block techniques in traditional and modern sport karate 传统与现代空手道运动中的手挡技术
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp1902077s
Duško Sopčić, Jugoslav Janevski, Radomir Mudrić, Srđan Milosavljević
The paper points to the position and role of block techniques in traditional and modern sport karate. The realization of blocks in traditional and modern sports karate is essentially different, and those differences represent the focus of this paper. An in-depth analysis underlines those differences not only in terms of execution, but also in terms of training methodology. Understanding the essential differences in the execution of blocks in traditional karate on one side and modern sport karate on the other side can be of crucial importance when it comes to achieving maximum sports results, especially among top athletes. Comprehending the technical differences between blocks, i.e. their implementation in traditional and modern sport karate holds essential importance for the preparation of competitors in modern sport karate, above all for fights. Rejecting the given fact would most certainly have a negative impact in shape of the absence of sports achievements in fights in modern sport karate.
论述了拦阻技术在传统和现代空手道运动中的地位和作用。传统空手道与现代空手道运动中拦阻的实现存在着本质上的差异,而这些差异正是本文研究的重点。一项深入的分析强调了这些差异,不仅在执行方面,而且在培训方法方面。了解传统空手道单侧和现代空手道单侧拦网动作的本质区别对于获得最大的运动成绩至关重要,尤其是在顶级运动员中。了解拦阻技术之间的差异,即在传统空手道运动和现代空手道运动中拦阻的实施,对于现代空手道运动的运动员,尤其是为战斗做准备至关重要。否认这一事实肯定会产生负面影响,即现代空手道运动中缺乏竞技成绩。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation between results of explosive strength and speed tests in young football players 青少年足球运动员爆发力与速度测试结果的相关性研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2001029b
Petar Bubnjević, Veljko Vukićević, N. Lukic, Velimir Miličković
The subject of this research are the motor skills of children of preschool, younger school and middle school age who train football. The aim of the study was to establish the level of correlation of the observed tests in different age categories, as well as the influence of morphological characteristics on motor test results in subjects of different age. To assess morphological characteristics: body height and body weight, and three variables - foot tapping for 15 seconds, standing long jump and 30m sprint tests were used. The study involved transversal research conducted on a sample of 40 boys of preschool, younger school and middle school age (6-13 years old), who actively played football in the "Jedinstvo" school of football from Gospodjinci. The training experience of the respondents ranges from 6 months to 5 years. The obtained results indicate that there is no statistically significant correlation between explosive strength and speed tests in preschool age, while in younger school age the statistical correlation is significant, and in middle school age the correlation is the greatest. The obtained results confirmed that the level of connection between motor tests changes depending on the age of the examinees. Body height and body weight were found to have a statistically significant effect on the results of the long jump and 30m sprint tests only in middle school age. This type of statistically significant influence of body height and body weight on the results of motor tests was not observed in preschool and younger school age.
本研究的对象是学龄前、低龄和初中生进行足球训练的运动技能。本研究的目的是建立在不同年龄类别的观察测试的相关水平,以及形态学特征对不同年龄被试的运动测试结果的影响。采用身高、体重、足部轻拍15秒、立定跳远和30米短跑三项指标评估小鼠的形态特征。该研究涉及对40名在Gospodjinci“Jedinstvo”足球学校积极踢足球的学龄前,低年级和初中年龄(6-13岁)的男孩进行横向研究。受访者的培训经历由6个月至5年不等。结果表明,爆炸强度与速度测试在学龄前无统计学意义,而在低年级有统计学意义,在中学年龄相关性最大。所获得的结果证实,运动测试之间的连接水平根据考生的年龄而变化。身高和体重对中学生跳远和30米短跑成绩的影响具有统计学意义。在学龄前和低龄儿童中,没有观察到身高和体重对运动测试结果有统计学意义的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Connection of anthropometric indicators and motor abilities of primary school students 人体测量指标与小学生运动能力的关系
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2001005v
Veljko Vukićević, N. Lukic, Stanko Zečević
The aim of the study was to determine the association between manifest variables of motor skills and body mass index in elementary school students aged 9 to 12. The study was of a transversal nature, that is, only one measurement was conducted on this population of students. The sample consisted of third, fourth, fifth and sixth grade male students from the elementary school "Svetozar Miletic" in Vrbas, a total of 95 respondents. In order to determine the coreelation between predictor variables system and the criterion variable, as well as the individual contribution of the predictor to the definition of the criterion variables, linear regression analysis was applied. The obtained results show that there is a statistically significant correlation in the 3rd grade students in the variables of deep trunk inclination and high hinge with the body mass index, there is no statistically significant correlation of manifested motor skills variables with the body mass index in the 4th and 5th grade students. The 6th grade students show statistically significant correlation between the trunk flexion variables for 30 s and block start 30m sprint with body mass index. Attitudes towards the teacher provide valuable information about what students think and feel about them, thus creating adequate conditions for effecting change and improving both teaching and relationships with students.
摘要本研究旨在探讨9 ~ 12岁小学生运动技能表现变量与身体质量指数之间的关系。这项研究是横向的,也就是说,只对这群学生进行了一次测量。样本由来自Vrbas“Svetozar Miletic”小学的三年级、四年级、五年级和六年级的男生组成,共95名受访者。为了确定预测变量系统与标准变量之间的相关性,以及预测因子对标准变量定义的个体贡献,采用线性回归分析。所得结果显示,三年级学生躯干深倾角和高铰链变量与体重指数有统计学显著相关,四、五年级学生表现运动技能变量与体重指数无统计学显著相关。六年级学生30 s躯干屈曲、30m拦阻起跑与体重指数有显著的相关。对教师的态度提供了关于学生对教师的看法和感受的宝贵信息,从而为影响改变和改善教学和与学生的关系创造了充分的条件。
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引用次数: 1
Factors of influence on performance of countermovement jump 影响反向跳跃成绩的因素
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2002033k
Dragan Klisarić, Milan Matić
Countermovement jump is an exercise that develops leg muscle power, the efficiency of using the stretch-shortening cycle, and the jump height. Numerous factors influence countermovement jump height. This paper analyses the most important external and internal factors. The aim of this paper was to describe and explain the influence of external factors on countermovement jump height. A comparative analytical method is used to compare and comment on the results of scientific research. The following external factors are considered in this paper: type of training, performance technique, and instructions, and internal factors: age, sex, body composition. The results of the paper showed that among external factors, the greatest influence is noted in the performance technique factor, while among internal factors there is a contingent influence of age, sex, and body composition factors on countermovement jump height. The results of the paper contribute to the understanding of the nature of the influence of external and internal factors that affect countermovement jump height, which can improve scientific - professional work in sports.
反向跳跃是一种锻炼腿部肌肉力量,利用拉伸-缩短循环的效率和跳跃高度的运动。影响反向跳跃高度的因素很多。本文分析了最重要的外部因素和内部因素。本文的目的是描述和解释外部因素对反向跳跃高度的影响。比较分析的方法是用来比较和评价科学研究的结果。本文考虑了以下外部因素:训练类型,表演技术和指导,以及内部因素:年龄,性别,身体成分。结果表明,在外部因素中,对动作技术因素的影响最大,而在内部因素中,年龄、性别和身体构成因素对反动作跳高有偶然性的影响。本文的研究结果有助于认识影响逆向跳高的外部因素和内部因素的影响性质,从而提高体育运动的科学性和专业性。
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引用次数: 0
Social investment image projection 社会投资影像投影
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp1901059d
S. Dugalić
The achievement of a sports result requires infrastructure and capital to build, as well as maintenance. The sporting event and performance grow into the image (enriched sports product) when the capacity of the venues provide economically sustainable concept. The survey shows that: 1 / visitors’ perception and the tradition affect attendance; 2 / marketing–management is projecting such sports-service processes that attract audiences, sponsors and the media, and through its image become attractive to the venue staff, and the society as a whole. The aim is to highlight the importance of valorisation of infrastructure in which valuable sporting results are achieved, and justify their mission too. Key projecting points are: 1 / commercialization of sports facilities due to new socio-economic impacts; 2 / keeping abreast of global trends in the venues’ construction and operation by introducing best practices; 3 / the physical elements as determinants of the image (design, etc.); 4 / the image significance for financing and business; 5 / projection strategies for facilities’ design. Projection and maintenance of the attractive image affects the audience's response, increasing the revenue needed for its functioning and modernization through the naming rights, ultimately ensuring continuity of attendance. The image of a social investment determines its further exploitation, so it is projected with special attention.
体育比赛的成绩需要基础设施和资金的建设,以及维护。当场馆容量提供经济可持续的概念时,体育赛事和表演就成长为形象(丰富的体育产品)。调查显示:1 / 1游客的观感和传统影响着游客的出勤率;2 /营销管理就是投射这种吸引观众、赞助商和媒体的体育服务过程,并通过其形象对场馆工作人员和整个社会产生吸引力。其目的是强调实现有价值的体育成绩的基础设施增值的重要性,并证明他们的使命是正确的。重点预测点是:1 /由于新的社会经济影响,体育设施商业化;2 /透过引进最佳运作模式,了解全球场地建造及营运的趋势;作为图像决定因素的物理元素(设计等);4 /形象对融资和经营的意义;5、设施设计的投影策略。对吸引人的形象的投射和维护会影响观众的反应,通过冠名权增加其运作和现代化所需的收入,最终确保上座率的连续性。一项社会投资的形象决定了它的进一步开发,因此它被特别关注。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in bilateral coordination between boys and girls at 7 years of age 7岁男孩和女孩双边协调能力的差异
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2002023k
Borko Katanic, P. Ilić, Aleksandar Stojmenović, Lora Kostić, Manja Vitasović
The study was conducted to identify differences in bilateral coordination between boys and girls in the first grade of primary school. The sample consisted of 30 first grade students, at the age of 7 years ± 6 months. The children were divided into two groups consisting of boys (14) and girls (16). The level of the children’s bilateral coordination was assessed using the Bilateral Coordination (7 variables) subtests that are part of the BOT-2 - the Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test Battery. The tests are used as a standardized measure of the level of motor skills in children. The obtained data was processed in the SPSS 19 statistical programme, and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences in bilateral coordination. After processing the data, it was noted that there are differences in bilateral coordination between boys and girls, but that they were not statistically significant. For more reliable results and, therefore, more conclusive results and conclusions, it is necessary to perform tests on a larger sample of children.
本研究旨在确定小学一年级男生和女生在双边协调方面的差异。样本为30名一年级学生,年龄为7岁±6个月。这些孩子被分成两组,男孩(14岁)和女孩(16岁)。采用BOT-2 - Bruininks-Oseretsky运动能力测试中的双边协调(7个变量)子测试来评估儿童的双边协调水平。这些测试被用作衡量儿童运动技能水平的标准化标准。所得数据用SPSS 19统计程序处理,采用非参数Mann-Whitney U检验确定双侧协调差异。在处理数据后,注意到男孩和女孩在双边协调方面存在差异,但在统计上不显着。为了获得更可靠的结果,从而获得更具结论性的结果和结论,有必要对更大的儿童样本进行测试。
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引用次数: 1
Elements of aikido applicable in self-defense 合气道的元素适用于自卫
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp2002059m
Srđan Milosavljević, A. Ivanovski, P. Lazarević, Lazar Zivkovic
This paper points to the potential implementation of certain elements of aikido, especially levers, in self-defence. The specifics of certain elements of aikido enable their implementation in self-defence. Proper execution of aikido elements in technical terms is an important prerequisite for their effectiveness in self-defence. Good mastering when it comes to performing individual aikido elements, is necessary in order for them to be qualitatively connected into a meaningful whole, that is, a combination that will represent an adequate response in a particular problem situation. For that reason, insisting on the best possible execution of each individual element of aikido certainly leads to an increase in the chance for its efficient and purposeful implementation in self-defence.
本文指出了合气道的某些要素的潜在实施,特别是杠杆,在自卫。合气道的某些元素的具体情况使他们在自卫的实施。合气道元素在技术术语的适当执行是一个重要的先决条件,他们在自卫的有效性。当涉及到执行单个合气道元素时,良好的掌握是必要的,以便将它们定性地连接成一个有意义的整体,也就是说,一个组合将代表在特定问题情况下的适当反应。出于这个原因,坚持最好的执行合气道的每一个单独的元素,当然会导致在其有效和有目的的实施自卫的机会增加。
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引用次数: 0
Anthropometric characteristics of early-school age children 学龄前儿童的人体测量特征
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/snp1901020v
Veljko Vukićević, N. Lukic, M. Marinković, N. Janjić
The aim of the study was to determine the current state and potential significant differences in the anthropometric characteristics of boys and girls in the early-school age (7 to 10 years of age). The study group was comprised of 120 respondents, 60 boys and 60 girls of early-school age from the town of Vrbas). Some 30 respondents were assessed from every grade (7, 8, 9, 10 years ± 6 months of age). The measured anthropologic characteristics included height, weight, chest circumference, mid upper arm circumference, mid arm circumference, and triceps, abdominal, subscapular skinfold thicknesses. All measurements were carried out according to the principles of the International Biological Program. A univariant analysis of variance was used to compare the means of different groups. The results of the study indicate that growth and development of children had occurred normally and in a natural flow, according to the natural consequences of cell and tissue growth and division.
本研究的目的是确定男孩和女孩在学龄早期(7 - 10岁)人体测量特征的现状和潜在的显著差异。该研究小组由120名受访者(来自Vrbas镇的60名男孩和60名女孩)组成。对各年级(7岁、8岁、9岁、10岁±6个月)的30名受访者进行了评估。测量的人类学特征包括身高、体重、胸围、上臂中部围、上臂中部围、肱三头肌、腹部、肩胛下皮褶厚度。所有的测量都是根据国际生物计划的原则进行的。采用单变量方差分析比较不同组的均值。研究结果表明,根据细胞和组织生长和分裂的自然结果,儿童的生长和发育是正常和自然的。
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引用次数: 0
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Sport — nauka i praksa = Sport — Science And Practice
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