Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899923
Israel Jonathan
This paper presents an extension of the SCHUN (Simplified CHannel for Urban Navigation, [1]) simulator and its validation framework in a wideband context. The hybrid physical-statistical model on which this simulator relies on extends the scope of applicability of standard channel characterization models thanks to its physical modeling of the interactions between the environment and a receiver. It also allows the generation of frequency and polarization diversities, and it improves the representativeness of the urban environment (type of materials, roughness…) while keeping a reasonable computational payload. This model has been validated in a narrowband and wideband context with respect to data acquired in a LMS (Land Mobile Satellite) configuration.
本文提出了SCHUN (Simplified CHannel for Urban Navigation，[1])模拟器的扩展及其在宽带环境下的验证框架。该模拟器所依赖的混合物理统计模型扩展了标准信道表征模型的适用范围，这要归功于它对环境和接收器之间相互作用的物理建模。它还允许产生频率和极化多样性，并且在保持合理的计算负载的同时提高了城市环境的代表性(材料类型，粗糙度……)。该模型已在窄带和宽带环境中对LMS(陆地移动卫星)配置中获取的数据进行了验证。
{"title":"Physical-statistical and wideband model of the land mobile satellite propagation channel","authors":"Israel Jonathan","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899923","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an extension of the SCHUN (Simplified CHannel for Urban Navigation, [1]) simulator and its validation framework in a wideband context. The hybrid physical-statistical model on which this simulator relies on extends the scope of applicability of standard channel characterization models thanks to its physical modeling of the interactions between the environment and a receiver. It also allows the generation of frequency and polarization diversities, and it improves the representativeness of the urban environment (type of materials, roughness…) while keeping a reasonable computational payload. This model has been validated in a narrowband and wideband context with respect to data acquired in a LMS (Land Mobile Satellite) configuration.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134500701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9900001
Y. Yuan, K. Zhang, Q. Wu
Vortex electromagnetic (EM) beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), is extremely potential to be applied in wireless communication systems to increase channel capacity, attributing to its extra freedom of degree of theoretical infinite orthogonal topological charges ( l ) [1] . However, in radiofrequency and microwave region, circular antenna array, as the common method to generate vortex beam with multiple OAM modes, its complex feeding network increases the difficulty of fabrication and integration [2] . Through adopting the ability of metasurface to accurately manipulate the EM properties, versatile OAM modes can be stimulated by metasurface-assisted antennas [3] . In this paper, a highly efficient metasurface-engineered antenna is proposed to generate vortex beam carrying five distinct integer and fractional OAM modes in microwave region, the mechanism schematic is shown in Figure 1a . The integer and fractional OAM with topological charge l =1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 can be separately generated in total, where the combination of polarization states (left-handed circular polarization, LHCP; x-linearly polarization, x-LP; right-handed circular polarization, RHCP) of the transmitting antenna and receiving probe acts as the key to alter the output OAM modes.
{"title":"A High Efficiency Metasurface-Engineered Antenna for Multiplexing OAM Beam Generation","authors":"Y. Yuan, K. Zhang, Q. Wu","doi":"10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9900001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9900001","url":null,"abstract":"Vortex electromagnetic (EM) beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), is extremely potential to be applied in wireless communication systems to increase channel capacity, attributing to its extra freedom of degree of theoretical infinite orthogonal topological charges ( l ) [1] . However, in radiofrequency and microwave region, circular antenna array, as the common method to generate vortex beam with multiple OAM modes, its complex feeding network increases the difficulty of fabrication and integration [2] . Through adopting the ability of metasurface to accurately manipulate the EM properties, versatile OAM modes can be stimulated by metasurface-assisted antennas [3] . In this paper, a highly efficient metasurface-engineered antenna is proposed to generate vortex beam carrying five distinct integer and fractional OAM modes in microwave region, the mechanism schematic is shown in Figure 1a . The integer and fractional OAM with topological charge l =1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 can be separately generated in total, where the combination of polarization states (left-handed circular polarization, LHCP; x-linearly polarization, x-LP; right-handed circular polarization, RHCP) of the transmitting antenna and receiving probe acts as the key to alter the output OAM modes.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133230887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9900051
E. Plouhinec, B. Uguen
Nowadays, human body influence on wireless communications is of prevalent interest. Indeed, human body becomes one of the most noticeable blockers of electromagnetic waves, especially for indoor environments, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), pedestrian crowds in dense urban environments and millimeter waves (mmWaves). In this paper, Human Body Shadowing (HBS) is predicted using original propagation models based on screen(s) for the human body geometrical model and Fresnel-Kirchhoff Theory (FKT) for the associated electromagnetic theory. These models, often known as Knife-Edge Diffraction (KED) models, are compared to Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) models (associated with a Ray-Tracing (RT) and a circular cylinder with (or without) a sphere), and also to measurements based on both Motion Capture (MoCap) and 2.4 GHz radio systems.
{"title":"Knife-Edge Diffraction Models for Human Body Shadowing Prediction","authors":"E. Plouhinec, B. Uguen","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9900051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9900051","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, human body influence on wireless communications is of prevalent interest. Indeed, human body becomes one of the most noticeable blockers of electromagnetic waves, especially for indoor environments, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), pedestrian crowds in dense urban environments and millimeter waves (mmWaves). In this paper, Human Body Shadowing (HBS) is predicted using original propagation models based on screen(s) for the human body geometrical model and Fresnel-Kirchhoff Theory (FKT) for the associated electromagnetic theory. These models, often known as Knife-Edge Diffraction (KED) models, are compared to Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) models (associated with a Ray-Tracing (RT) and a circular cylinder with (or without) a sphere), and also to measurements based on both Motion Capture (MoCap) and 2.4 GHz radio systems.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129054930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9899916
Kohei Furukawa, S. Saito, Y. Kimura
Recently, wideband and multi-band microstrip antennas are demanded for broadband wireless communication systems. Microstrip antennas (MSAs) are commonly used for various applications such as mobile communication, broadcasting, and radars because MSAs have advantages of small size, low profile, light weight, and low manufacturing cost. Multi -ring microstrip antennas (MR -MSAs) have been proposed by the authors as a multiband planar antenna [1] . The MR-MSA is composed of a double-layered dielectric substrate; multiple ring patches are concentrically arranged on the top substrate and an L-shaped feeding probe (L-probe) [2] , [3] to excite the ring patches is situated on the bottom substrate. The MR-MSA provides excellent multiband performance because the resonant frequencies are flexibly designed with stable unidirectional radiation patterns. Linear or circular polarization of each resonant frequency can be also designed individually. Only disadvantage is narrow bandwidth characteristic when a thin dielectric substrate is used for the MR-MSA. On the other hand, the MR-MSA fed by an L-probe with a thick dielectric substrate for single- and dual-band operations has been presented [4] . The wideband MR-MSA for a single-band operation which consists of one ring patch and an L-probe exhibits approximately 45% fractional reflection bandwidth of less than –10 dB reflection, where a thick double-layered substrate with a thickness of approximately 0.15 wavelengths at the center frequency and with a relative dielectric constant of 2.6 is used. One of the wideband MR-MSA fed by an L-probe is to use the double-layered dielectric substrate.
{"title":"Design of a Wideband Ring Microstrip Antenna Fed by an L-probe with a Single-Layered Dielectric Substrate","authors":"Kohei Furukawa, S. Saito, Y. Kimura","doi":"10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9899916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9899916","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, wideband and multi-band microstrip antennas are demanded for broadband wireless communication systems. Microstrip antennas (MSAs) are commonly used for various applications such as mobile communication, broadcasting, and radars because MSAs have advantages of small size, low profile, light weight, and low manufacturing cost. Multi -ring microstrip antennas (MR -MSAs) have been proposed by the authors as a multiband planar antenna [1] . The MR-MSA is composed of a double-layered dielectric substrate; multiple ring patches are concentrically arranged on the top substrate and an L-shaped feeding probe (L-probe) [2] , [3] to excite the ring patches is situated on the bottom substrate. The MR-MSA provides excellent multiband performance because the resonant frequencies are flexibly designed with stable unidirectional radiation patterns. Linear or circular polarization of each resonant frequency can be also designed individually. Only disadvantage is narrow bandwidth characteristic when a thin dielectric substrate is used for the MR-MSA. On the other hand, the MR-MSA fed by an L-probe with a thick dielectric substrate for single- and dual-band operations has been presented [4] . The wideband MR-MSA for a single-band operation which consists of one ring patch and an L-probe exhibits approximately 45% fractional reflection bandwidth of less than –10 dB reflection, where a thick double-layered substrate with a thickness of approximately 0.15 wavelengths at the center frequency and with a relative dielectric constant of 2.6 is used. One of the wideband MR-MSA fed by an L-probe is to use the double-layered dielectric substrate.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121032276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899961
Jussif J. Abularach Arnez, Wederson Medeiros Silva, Renata K. Gomes Do Reis, Leandro Almeida Da Silva, Maria G. Lima Damasceno
The purpose of this work was to assess a real-time testbed scenario using the Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology and the USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) device to provide Voice-over-LTE (VoLTE) call service and grant user internet connectivity in an initial 5G NSA (Non Stand Alone) deployment network. The implemented mobile network considers a 5G mobile network that is composed of both NSA 5G and IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) architectures cores. The deployment network considers a soft initial transition from 4G to 5G NSA. In addition, the contribution of this article is to achieve that each element from different architectures is able to communicate to each other and establish the bearer and stream for each IP service. Furthermore, the evaluation of jitter, throughput and RTT delay metrics are presented for a VoLTE call between two devices connected to the deployment SDR 5G NSA network.
{"title":"SDR 5G NSA Mobile Network and an IMS Core to provide Voice Over IP LTE service","authors":"Jussif J. Abularach Arnez, Wederson Medeiros Silva, Renata K. Gomes Do Reis, Leandro Almeida Da Silva, Maria G. Lima Damasceno","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899961","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to assess a real-time testbed scenario using the Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology and the USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) device to provide Voice-over-LTE (VoLTE) call service and grant user internet connectivity in an initial 5G NSA (Non Stand Alone) deployment network. The implemented mobile network considers a 5G mobile network that is composed of both NSA 5G and IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) architectures cores. The deployment network considers a soft initial transition from 4G to 5G NSA. In addition, the contribution of this article is to achieve that each element from different architectures is able to communicate to each other and establish the bearer and stream for each IP service. Furthermore, the evaluation of jitter, throughput and RTT delay metrics are presented for a VoLTE call between two devices connected to the deployment SDR 5G NSA network.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123946663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899937
Siyi Huang, Shiqi Wang, Xingqi Zhang
The vector parabolic equation (VPE) method has been widely applied to modeling radio wave propagation in tunnels. However, simulation with VPE for long tunnels is still computationally expensive. This paper presents an efficient on-the-fly training convolutional neural network (CNN) model that can provide high-fidelity received signal strength (RSS) prediction without pre-training requirement. Coarse-mesh and dense-mesh VPE simulations are concurrently run for a short distance, while a CNN model which can use only the coarse-mesh VPE data to predict dense-mesh results for the whole tunnel is trained. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model have been demonstrated through comparisons with full VPE simulations.
{"title":"On-the-Fly Training Convolutional Neural Network Models for Radio Wave Propagation in Tunnels","authors":"Siyi Huang, Shiqi Wang, Xingqi Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899937","url":null,"abstract":"The vector parabolic equation (VPE) method has been widely applied to modeling radio wave propagation in tunnels. However, simulation with VPE for long tunnels is still computationally expensive. This paper presents an efficient on-the-fly training convolutional neural network (CNN) model that can provide high-fidelity received signal strength (RSS) prediction without pre-training requirement. Coarse-mesh and dense-mesh VPE simulations are concurrently run for a short distance, while a CNN model which can use only the coarse-mesh VPE data to predict dense-mesh results for the whole tunnel is trained. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model have been demonstrated through comparisons with full VPE simulations.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132569837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899980
A. Oladeinde, Samuel Shippey, Ehsan Aryafar, B. Pejcinovic
Full-Duplex (FD) wireless communication has the potential to double the capacity of a wireless link. The key challenge to FD is self-interference (SI): a node’s transmitting signal generates significant interference to its own receiver. Several prior works have shown the potential to reduce SI and build FD radios but they are limited to Sub-6 GHz systems. In this paper, we focus on the emerging mmWave systems and the potential reduction in SI through antenna design. The increased bandwidth requirements of mmWave systems necessitate the use of higher bandwidth antenna designs such as stacked patch antennas for transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx). Specifically, we investigate the optimal placement of a mushroom electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure for maximum Tx and Rx isolation (coupling reduction) in a 4-layer substrate stacked patch antenna design targeted for small mobile devices. Through extensive simulations we show that top&inner layer EBG ("stacked") provides more than 80 dB of isolation at 28 GHz frequency, which is 20 dB more isolation than either top or inner layer EBG. We also show that the frequency bandwidth and gain of the stacked patch antenna are not negatively impacted due to the EBG integration.
{"title":"EBG Placement Optimization in a Via-Fed Stacked Patch Antenna for Full-Duplex Wireless","authors":"A. Oladeinde, Samuel Shippey, Ehsan Aryafar, B. Pejcinovic","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899980","url":null,"abstract":"Full-Duplex (FD) wireless communication has the potential to double the capacity of a wireless link. The key challenge to FD is self-interference (SI): a node’s transmitting signal generates significant interference to its own receiver. Several prior works have shown the potential to reduce SI and build FD radios but they are limited to Sub-6 GHz systems. In this paper, we focus on the emerging mmWave systems and the potential reduction in SI through antenna design. The increased bandwidth requirements of mmWave systems necessitate the use of higher bandwidth antenna designs such as stacked patch antennas for transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx). Specifically, we investigate the optimal placement of a mushroom electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure for maximum Tx and Rx isolation (coupling reduction) in a 4-layer substrate stacked patch antenna design targeted for small mobile devices. Through extensive simulations we show that top&inner layer EBG (\"stacked\") provides more than 80 dB of isolation at 28 GHz frequency, which is 20 dB more isolation than either top or inner layer EBG. We also show that the frequency bandwidth and gain of the stacked patch antenna are not negatively impacted due to the EBG integration.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125296664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899924
Yuanjun Shen, K. Tong, Kai‐Kit Wong
In this paper, we present an antenna design for millimeter wave 5G applications. The proposed antenna has a wide working frequency range from 23.5 GHz to 36.5 GHz. This can cover the millimeter wave 5G frequency band in most countries. The design is simple and will mitigate the difficulty when implementing in a wireless system with reconfigurable capability. The antenna design only needs a single RF port as input to achieve radiation pattern diversity by moving the fluid radiators in its two channels. With the radiation pattern diversity capability, the problem like weak signal strength and inter channel interference can be eased.The design shows higher dynamic range of patterns turning when compare to the previous work on single-channel surface-wave antenna with the purpose of wider angular coverage with multichannel design. The comparison result of the two designs will also be provided in this paper.
{"title":"Radiation Pattern Diversified Double-Fluid-Channel Surface-Wave Antenna for Mobile Communications","authors":"Yuanjun Shen, K. Tong, Kai‐Kit Wong","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899924","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an antenna design for millimeter wave 5G applications. The proposed antenna has a wide working frequency range from 23.5 GHz to 36.5 GHz. This can cover the millimeter wave 5G frequency band in most countries. The design is simple and will mitigate the difficulty when implementing in a wireless system with reconfigurable capability. The antenna design only needs a single RF port as input to achieve radiation pattern diversity by moving the fluid radiators in its two channels. With the radiation pattern diversity capability, the problem like weak signal strength and inter channel interference can be eased.The design shows higher dynamic range of patterns turning when compare to the previous work on single-channel surface-wave antenna with the purpose of wider angular coverage with multichannel design. The comparison result of the two designs will also be provided in this paper.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121538939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899883
Xiaochuan Fang, J. Kelly, Shaker Akaraki
This paper presents a block of microwave hardware, termed a building block element (BBE) that facilitates functional reconfiguration between antenna mode and resonator mode. Specifically, the proposed BBE can operate as a patch resonator or a slot antenna at the same time. Ultimately this reconfiguration will be achieved with the aid of Gallium-based liquid metal. This paper presents hardwired versions of the BBE, which serve to verify the concept. To that end a hardwired slot antenna and a hardwired patch resonator were manufactured and measured. The simulated and measured performance of the BBE are in good agreement.
{"title":"A Building Block Element (BBE) Capable Of Realizing Functional Reconfiguration Between Antenna and Resonator Mode","authors":"Xiaochuan Fang, J. Kelly, Shaker Akaraki","doi":"10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC49427.2022.9899883","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a block of microwave hardware, termed a building block element (BBE) that facilitates functional reconfiguration between antenna mode and resonator mode. Specifically, the proposed BBE can operate as a patch resonator or a slot antenna at the same time. Ultimately this reconfiguration will be achieved with the aid of Gallium-based liquid metal. This paper presents hardwired versions of the BBE, which serve to verify the concept. To that end a hardwired slot antenna and a hardwired patch resonator were manufactured and measured. The simulated and measured performance of the BBE are in good agreement.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134518402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9899990
M. Matsunaga
Millimeter wave applications are expanding, such as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), imaging technologies and RF sensors. Since wavelengths of millimeter waves are shorter than those of microwaves, it is necessary to increase radiation gains of antennas in order to secure the same communication distance as microwaves. For increasing antennas’ radiation gains, making beams narrow is effective. And the narrow beam width is necessary for high resolution imaging technologies.
{"title":"A Single High Gain and Narrow-Beam Folded Dipole Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications","authors":"M. Matsunaga","doi":"10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9899990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apwc49427.2022.9899990","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter wave applications are expanding, such as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), imaging technologies and RF sensors. Since wavelengths of millimeter waves are shorter than those of microwaves, it is necessary to increase radiation gains of antennas in order to secure the same communication distance as microwaves. For increasing antennas’ radiation gains, making beams narrow is effective. And the narrow beam width is necessary for high resolution imaging technologies.","PeriodicalId":422168,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131601121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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