Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010206
Krishnapriya Kamalakshan, Sumathy K. Swamy
In a heteronormative society, boys and girls are trained to dress and act in ways regarded appropriate for their respective genders. Even during play, a boy is expected to indulge only in activities that are traditionally considered masculine. A. A. Milne was inspired by his son’s pretend play to write the Pooh books. From the illustrations in the book, which were modeled upon the real Christopher Robin and his toys, and various biographical material on the Pooh books, it can be discerned that the young boy was dressed in a gender-nonconforming fashion. This article probes this paradox of gender performativity in Christopher Robin’s character in Winnie-the-Pooh (1926), wherein the child performs acts considered masculine in his imaginative play, while going against gender norms in his real-life appearance.
在一个非规范的社会中，男孩和女孩被训练以适合其各自性别的方式穿着和行为。即使在游戏中，男孩也只能沉迷于传统上被认为是男性的活动。A.A.米尔恩的灵感来自于他儿子的假戏真做，他写了小熊维尼的书。从书中以真实的克里斯托弗·罗宾和他的玩具为原型的插图，以及维尼书上的各种传记材料中，可以看出这个小男孩的穿着不符合性别。本文探讨了克里斯托弗·罗宾（Christopher Robin）在1926年的《小熊维尼》（Winnie the Pooh）中扮演的角色中的性别表演悖论，在剧中，孩子在想象的游戏中表演被认为是男性的行为，而在现实生活中的外表却违背了性别规范。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010207
Jennifer DuBose
This article examines the role of athleticism in young adult novels featuring fat, male young adult protagonists. I analyze the role of athleticism in eleven national award-winning young adult novels with fat, cisgender, male protagonists, arguing that athleticism rebrands fatness as acceptable, powerful, and even desirable as long as it is associated with sport or violence. It also signals character growth and redemption in the fat male protagonists, as it is often the catalyst for their maturation and the resolution of the plot’s conflicts. The article ultimately shows that the trope of athleticism in young adult literature reflects and upholds social constructs of male fatness.
{"title":"Fat Boys in Gym Class","authors":"Jennifer DuBose","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010207","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the role of athleticism in young adult novels featuring fat, male young adult protagonists. I analyze the role of athleticism in eleven national award-winning young adult novels with fat, cisgender, male protagonists, arguing that athleticism rebrands fatness as acceptable, powerful, and even desirable as long as it is associated with sport or violence. It also signals character growth and redemption in the fat male protagonists, as it is often the catalyst for their maturation and the resolution of the plot’s conflicts. The article ultimately shows that the trope of athleticism in young adult literature reflects and upholds social constructs of male fatness.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41635119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010211
Heather Moore Roberson
The hit streaming series Cocomelon has become a household name for many families with infants, toddlers, and kids at heart. Cocomelon introduces our youngest population(s) to a Western world that privileges flawed and utopian post-racial perspectives. I contend that the show presents a perspective on race and identity that glorifies color-blindness and ignores racial differences that would educate children about the complexity and beauty of diversity. This commentary imagines a Black infant and toddler boyhood in children’s media that prioritizes race, culture, and identity and recommends other children’s programs that invest in culturally diverse representations of childhood.
{"title":"Cocoabsent?","authors":"Heather Moore Roberson","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010211","url":null,"abstract":"The hit streaming series Cocomelon has become a household name for many families with infants, toddlers, and kids at heart. Cocomelon introduces our youngest population(s) to a Western world that privileges flawed and utopian post-racial perspectives. I contend that the show presents a perspective on race and identity that glorifies color-blindness and ignores racial differences that would educate children about the complexity and beauty of diversity. This commentary imagines a Black infant and toddler boyhood in children’s media that prioritizes race, culture, and identity and recommends other children’s programs that invest in culturally diverse representations of childhood.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41761918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010202
James Smith
Although queer picture books are growing in popularity, research on these texts still tends toward an overgeneralization of the field. This article takes a narrow focus on secondary characters in texts that center boys wearing dresses to see what reactions to boyhood gender nonconformity are supported in this subcategory of texts. Through close readings of various scenes throughout eight picture books, the article highlights gendered and aged patterns in these responses: women are supportive but distant, girls are close allies, men are absent or hesitant to support the boys, and other boys are generally bullies. The article concludes that while these texts are ostensibly queer because of their protagonists’ gender performances, they nevertheless fail to disrupt gender norms beyond the lives of their central characters.
{"title":"But the Boys Are Still Bullies","authors":"James Smith","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010202","url":null,"abstract":"Although queer picture books are growing in popularity, research on these texts still tends toward an overgeneralization of the field. This article takes a narrow focus on secondary characters in texts that center boys wearing dresses to see what reactions to boyhood gender nonconformity are supported in this subcategory of texts. Through close readings of various scenes throughout eight picture books, the article highlights gendered and aged patterns in these responses: women are supportive but distant, girls are close allies, men are absent or hesitant to support the boys, and other boys are generally bullies. The article concludes that while these texts are ostensibly queer because of their protagonists’ gender performances, they nevertheless fail to disrupt gender norms beyond the lives of their central characters.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45810056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010205
Sridipa Dandapat, P. Tripathi
With Richa Jha and Gautam Benegal’s picturebook The Unboy Boy (2013), India acquired the notion of alternative masculinity in children’s literature for perhaps the first time, and initiated the depiction in picturebooks of male characters who love soft toys, cook, dance, and dress in a way considered feminine. This article turns the critical lens toward gender codes that form the basis for masculinity discourses. Primarily drawing on Connell’s concept of hegemonic masculinity, it explores how contemporary Indian picturebooks in English are challenging the representation of traditional masculinity. Through the lens of content analysis, this qualitative research adopts a multimodal approach and scrutinizes three other picturebooks: Abba’s Day (2017) by Sunaina Ali and Debasmita Dasgupta, Kali Wants to Dance (2018) by Aparna Karthikeyan and Somesh Kumar, and Guthli Has Wings (2019) by Kanak Shashi.
{"title":"Making Men out of Boys","authors":"Sridipa Dandapat, P. Tripathi","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010205","url":null,"abstract":"With Richa Jha and Gautam Benegal’s picturebook The Unboy Boy (2013), India acquired the notion of alternative masculinity in children’s literature for perhaps the first time, and initiated the depiction in picturebooks of male characters who love soft toys, cook, dance, and dress in a way considered feminine. This article turns the critical lens toward gender codes that form the basis for masculinity discourses. Primarily drawing on Connell’s concept of hegemonic masculinity, it explores how contemporary Indian picturebooks in English are challenging the representation of traditional masculinity. Through the lens of content analysis, this qualitative research adopts a multimodal approach and scrutinizes three other picturebooks: Abba’s Day (2017) by Sunaina Ali and Debasmita Dasgupta, Kali Wants to Dance (2018) by Aparna Karthikeyan and Somesh Kumar, and Guthli Has Wings (2019) by Kanak Shashi.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49423563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010203
Emma Salt-Raper
While the increasing visibility of LGBTQ+ identities in recent young adult fiction has received much critical attention, such novels that contain the added complex distinction of adolescent male mental illness and recovery represent an underexamined area. This article produces readings of two recent young adult texts that feature gay male protagonists who experience mental illness: Adam Silvera’s More Happy Than Not (2015) and John Corey Whaley’s Highly Illogical Behaviour (2016). It investigates how the texts’ embedded heteronormative scripts, relationships between the symptoms and the self, and frameworks of health-related shame are fraught with anxieties, producing a complex double movement that simultaneously establishes and undermines gay males’ control over their mental illnesses and recovery trajectories to move the characters between spaces of empowerment and marginalization.
{"title":"“I’m Going to Be Straight, Just Like How My Father Would’ve Wanted”","authors":"Emma Salt-Raper","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010203","url":null,"abstract":"While the increasing visibility of LGBTQ+ identities in recent young adult fiction has received much critical attention, such novels that contain the added complex distinction of adolescent male mental illness and recovery represent an underexamined area. This article produces readings of two recent young adult texts that feature gay male protagonists who experience mental illness: Adam Silvera’s More Happy Than Not (2015) and John Corey Whaley’s Highly Illogical Behaviour (2016). It investigates how the texts’ embedded heteronormative scripts, relationships between the symptoms and the self, and frameworks of health-related shame are fraught with anxieties, producing a complex double movement that simultaneously establishes and undermines gay males’ control over their mental illnesses and recovery trajectories to move the characters between spaces of empowerment and marginalization.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42084971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010210
M. Todorova
This article gives an outline of stereotypical representation of the Balkans as a predominantly violent culture that legitimizes violence through the lenses of (hyper)masculinized characters represented in Croatian literature for young adults selected for translation into English. A representation of this stereotypical image can be found in one of the most recent translations of a contemporary novel for children from Croatia, Odohohol and Cally Rascal by Matko Sršen. Meanwhile, the second case study of this article focuses on the analysis of translated young adult literature that promotes or contests violent masculinities. The novel The Teacher of My Dreams by Miro Gavran portrays a more complex image of masculinity from the Western Balkans, promoting a depiction of an emotional, intellectual, and rational male.
这篇文章概述了巴尔干半岛作为一种以暴力为主的文化的刻板印象，这种文化通过克罗地亚文学中为年轻人翻译成英语的（超）男性化人物的镜头使暴力合法化。这种刻板印象的表现可以在Matko Sršen为克罗地亚儿童创作的当代小说《Odohohol》和《Cally Rascal》的最新译本中找到。同时，本文的第二个案例研究侧重于分析翻译的宣扬或反对暴力男性气质的青年文学。米罗·加夫兰（Miro Gavran）的小说《我梦想的老师》（The Teacher of My Dreams）描绘了一个来自西巴尔干半岛的更复杂的男性形象，促进了对一个情感、智慧和理性男性的描绘。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010204
B. Frehner
During the 1970s, young boys rode their bicycles more frequently and in greater numbers than at any other time in the United States’ past. Bicycle riding and racing became so popular in the 1970s that boys fashioned a culture of BMX, also known as bicycle motocross. The style of bicycles and riding that BMXers fashioned quickly grew from a niche within the industry into the most common form of bicycling in the United States. The 1970s has been dubbed the decade of the “bike boom” by industry publications and by historians who have written on the subject. Many factors likely contributed to the increased number of bicycle riders and sales. Most explanations of the increase tend to emphasize the political, economic, and environmental concerns of adults and neglect the role that younger people played in the boom.
{"title":"“Hand-Me-Down Habitats”","authors":"B. Frehner","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010204","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1970s, young boys rode their bicycles more frequently and in greater numbers than at any other time in the United States’ past. Bicycle riding and racing became so popular in the 1970s that boys fashioned a culture of BMX, also known as bicycle motocross. The style of bicycles and riding that BMXers fashioned quickly grew from a niche within the industry into the most common form of bicycling in the United States. The 1970s has been dubbed the decade of the “bike boom” by industry publications and by historians who have written on the subject. Many factors likely contributed to the increased number of bicycle riders and sales. Most explanations of the increase tend to emphasize the political, economic, and environmental concerns of adults and neglect the role that younger people played in the boom.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43014896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.3167/bhs.2022.15010201
Jonathan A. Allan, C. Leek
This special issue of Boyhood Studies takes two terms—boys and storytelling—and positions them alongside one another. In some ways, we take seriously Charles Dickens’s oft-quoted notion that “A boy’s story is the best that is ever told.” What does it mean to take the stories of boys and boys’ stories seriously? Are they really among the “best that [are] ever told”? In the space of education, and with declining literacy rates among boys, what does it mean to study storytelling? Or, what might it mean, to borrow a phrase from Carol Mavor (2008), to “read boyishly”? In this special issue, we hoped to bring together scholars working on the relationship between boys and storytelling, to consider the kinds of stories that boys are told, and to also consider the stories that they are not told. Our goal was to consider the importance of storytelling in boys’ lives as well as the importance of the storytelling of boys’ lives. That is, we were interested in boys as both real and embodied, as well as in the fictional boys that populate the literary universe. The issue presented here brings together a host of perspectives that all work to explore and expand the literary and cultural study of boys and storytelling.
{"title":"Boys and Storytelling, Guest Editors’ Introduction","authors":"Jonathan A. Allan, C. Leek","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2022.15010201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010201","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of Boyhood Studies takes two terms—boys and storytelling—and positions them alongside one another. In some ways, we take seriously Charles Dickens’s oft-quoted notion that “A boy’s story is the best that is ever told.” What does it mean to take the stories of boys and boys’ stories seriously? Are they really among the “best that [are] ever told”? In the space of education, and with declining literacy rates among boys, what does it mean to study storytelling? Or, what might it mean, to borrow a phrase from Carol Mavor (2008), to “read boyishly”? In this special issue, we hoped to bring together scholars working on the relationship between boys and storytelling, to consider the kinds of stories that boys are told, and to also consider the stories that they are not told. Our goal was to consider the importance of storytelling in boys’ lives as well as the importance of the storytelling of boys’ lives. That is, we were interested in boys as both real and embodied, as well as in the fictional boys that populate the literary universe. The issue presented here brings together a host of perspectives that all work to explore and expand the literary and cultural study of boys and storytelling.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42670937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Formal rites of passage (ROP) processes are largely lacking within Western culture. This scarcity is seen to be detrimental to adolescent boys’ masculine identity formation. With schools bearing increased responsibility for the well-being of students, and as a way of addressing the apparent cultural deficiency, interest in school-based ROP programs has expanded. This scoping review adopted a systematic methodology to refine an initial accumulation of 708 articles. Nine key articles investigating the impact of school-based ROP programs for adolescent boys were examined. The ROP programs were analyzed according to rationale, design, and impact, with each program focusing on three major domains of impact—community, responsibility, and identity. The review found that adolescent boys’ participation in ROP programs may enhance community engagement, build responsible citizenship, and improve self-perception through the development of positive masculine identity.
{"title":"Rites of Passage Programs for Adolescent Boys in Schools","authors":"","doi":"10.3167/bhs.2021.140206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2021.140206","url":null,"abstract":"Formal rites of passage (ROP) processes are largely lacking within Western culture. This scarcity is seen to be detrimental to adolescent boys’ masculine identity formation. With schools bearing increased responsibility for the well-being of students, and as a way of addressing the apparent cultural deficiency, interest in school-based ROP programs has expanded. This scoping review adopted a systematic methodology to refine an initial accumulation of 708 articles. Nine key articles investigating the impact of school-based ROP programs for adolescent boys were examined. The ROP programs were analyzed according to rationale, design, and impact, with each program focusing on three major domains of impact—community, responsibility, and identity. The review found that adolescent boys’ participation in ROP programs may enhance community engagement, build responsible citizenship, and improve self-perception through the development of positive masculine identity.","PeriodicalId":42228,"journal":{"name":"Boyhood Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41764747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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