Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464454
M. Fotouhi
The Kerr effect has been used for many years to study space charge variation and make electrical measurements, Measurements are normally made with two parallel plates surrounded with nitrobenzen, or other suitable Kerr liquid. The plate to separatien size ratio is normally kept large to assure uniform fields for measurement.
{"title":"Examination of Kerr effects of non-uniform electric fields","authors":"M. Fotouhi","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464454","url":null,"abstract":"The Kerr effect has been used for many years to study space charge variation and make electrical measurements, Measurements are normally made with two parallel plates surrounded with nitrobenzen, or other suitable Kerr liquid. The plate to separatien size ratio is normally kept large to assure uniform fields for measurement.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121552926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464486
C. Olivier
A theoretical model explaining the anomalous conditioning/ deconditioning effects observed in liquid helium1 is presented and preliminary experimental results supporting this theory are given. The hypothesis of the formation and breakdown of bubbles initiating complete breakdown of liquids has been extended by assuming that pulses (partial discharges) of constant energy (Wb≃10−8J, see ref. 6) occur, which lead to a calculable bubble size and hence make prediction of breakdown strength possible. Theoretical results are compared to experimental data obtained in liquid helium and liquid nitrogen; good qualitative agreement is found.
{"title":"Electrode conditioning effects in liquid helium","authors":"C. Olivier","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464486","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical model explaining the anomalous conditioning/ deconditioning effects observed in liquid helium1 is presented and preliminary experimental results supporting this theory are given. The hypothesis of the formation and breakdown of bubbles initiating complete breakdown of liquids has been extended by assuming that pulses (partial discharges) of constant energy (Wb≃10−8J, see ref. 6) occur, which lead to a calculable bubble size and hence make prediction of breakdown strength possible. Theoretical results are compared to experimental data obtained in liquid helium and liquid nitrogen; good qualitative agreement is found.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134252235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464456
H. Hiziroglu, M. Sainz, D. Coleman, A. Qureshi
In order to better understand breakdown mechanisms and to determine the decomposition products of sulphur hexafluoride, a time-, space-, wavelength-resolved spectroscopic technique is used. Initial results derived from spectrometric analysis of sulphur hexafluoride discharges are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Spectrometric analysis of sulphur hexafluoride during an electrical discharge","authors":"H. Hiziroglu, M. Sainz, D. Coleman, A. Qureshi","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464456","url":null,"abstract":"In order to better understand breakdown mechanisms and to determine the decomposition products of sulphur hexafluoride, a time-, space-, wavelength-resolved spectroscopic technique is used. Initial results derived from spectrometric analysis of sulphur hexafluoride discharges are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129285758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464482
E. Kelley, R. Hebner, E. Forster, G. FitzPatrick
The effect of viscosity and rate of voltage application on the electrical breakdown process in four polydimethylsiloxane fluids has been investigated under non-uniform field conditions using a high-speed image converter camera. The viscosity of these fluids ranged from 10 to 10,000 cSt, and the rate of rise. of the approximately trapezoidal voltage pulse varied from 10 to 42 kV/µs. It was noted that, within experimental error, viscosity had no effect on the breakdown process. When the cathode was a point, pre-breakdown streamer propagation was shown to be related to the rate of rise of the applied voltage and the breakdown voltage was highest for the highest rate. When the anode was a point, the streamer. propagation was approximately independent of applied voltage. The time to cross the gap of 3 mm was determined to be 0.6 ± 0.1 µs independent of the fluid's viscosity. The implications of those findings are discussed in the light of existing theories.
{"title":"Observations of pre- and post-breakdown events in polydimethylsiloxanes","authors":"E. Kelley, R. Hebner, E. Forster, G. FitzPatrick","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464482","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of viscosity and rate of voltage application on the electrical breakdown process in four polydimethylsiloxane fluids has been investigated under non-uniform field conditions using a high-speed image converter camera. The viscosity of these fluids ranged from 10 to 10,000 cSt, and the rate of rise. of the approximately trapezoidal voltage pulse varied from 10 to 42 kV/µs. It was noted that, within experimental error, viscosity had no effect on the breakdown process. When the cathode was a point, pre-breakdown streamer propagation was shown to be related to the rate of rise of the applied voltage and the breakdown voltage was highest for the highest rate. When the anode was a point, the streamer. propagation was approximately independent of applied voltage. The time to cross the gap of 3 mm was determined to be 0.6 ± 0.1 µs independent of the fluid's viscosity. The implications of those findings are discussed in the light of existing theories.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123006268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464495
K. Kao, D. Tu, L. Wu, X. Wu, C. K. Cheng
The tree initiation voltage, the initial tree penetration length and breakdown voltage in polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene and acetophenone (1%) doped polyethylene have been measured under dc and ac voltage conditions using both the needle-plate and the needle-needle electrode configurations. The results show that all these high-field dielectric properties are strongly dependent on the polarity of the applied voltage at the needle, the defects created by cross-linking or impurity-doping in polyethylene, the geometric arrangement of the electrodes and the symmetry of the initial electric fields applied to the samples. The strong dependence of the dielectric properties on these parameters indicates that tree initiation is associated with electron and hole injection from electrodes and impact ionization by electrons in high-field regions with free volumes or mechanical cracking. The latter may be created during the manufacturing process of the materials (pre-existing defects) or by the high. field effects (post-introducing defects). In this paper we shall present our model for tree initiation, some new results and a brief discussion.
{"title":"On the mechanism of tree initiation in polymers","authors":"K. Kao, D. Tu, L. Wu, X. Wu, C. K. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464495","url":null,"abstract":"The tree initiation voltage, the initial tree penetration length and breakdown voltage in polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene and acetophenone (1%) doped polyethylene have been measured under dc and ac voltage conditions using both the needle-plate and the needle-needle electrode configurations. The results show that all these high-field dielectric properties are strongly dependent on the polarity of the applied voltage at the needle, the defects created by cross-linking or impurity-doping in polyethylene, the geometric arrangement of the electrodes and the symmetry of the initial electric fields applied to the samples. The strong dependence of the dielectric properties on these parameters indicates that tree initiation is associated with electron and hole injection from electrodes and impact ionization by electrons in high-field regions with free volumes or mechanical cracking. The latter may be created during the manufacturing process of the materials (pre-existing defects) or by the high. field effects (post-introducing defects). In this paper we shall present our model for tree initiation, some new results and a brief discussion.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124571341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464436
M. Ciaffi, F. Conti
The advances in electrical engineering apparata, especially in electric machinery, are at present bound up with the improvements of electrical engineering materials characteristics, specifically with that of electric insulating materials.
{"title":"High-performance polymeric materials used in electric machines insulation technology","authors":"M. Ciaffi, F. Conti","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464436","url":null,"abstract":"The advances in electrical engineering apparata, especially in electric machinery, are at present bound up with the improvements of electrical engineering materials characteristics, specifically with that of electric insulating materials.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"121 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129422443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464472
W. Pfeiffer, M. Giesselmann, P. Völker
In order to verify the general validity of our conclusion the test parameters must be varied in a greater range. For better understanding of the mechanism of interaction between gas and solid dielectrics short time spectrograms of the luminous phenomena would be helpful.
{"title":"Predischarge development at interfaces between gaseous and solid dielectrics","authors":"W. Pfeiffer, M. Giesselmann, P. Völker","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464472","url":null,"abstract":"In order to verify the general validity of our conclusion the test parameters must be varied in a greater range. For better understanding of the mechanism of interaction between gas and solid dielectrics short time spectrograms of the luminous phenomena would be helpful.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134376548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464424
O. Chabra, G. Anand
Ageing of high voltage insulation during operation takes place due to combined effect of electrical, mechanical, thermal and environmental stresses. For design of reliable insulation, therefore, it is necessary to evaluate life expectancy under conditions of multi-stress ageing. The total problem of life expectancy and reliability of insulation system essentially consists of its (a) calculation and forecasting (b) control and improvement. The present status of the solution of first aspect is characterized by efforts towards formulation of the correct physical models of failure of insulation in the wide range of testing conditions, including those near the working one's mathematical analysis of the models and methods of testing.
{"title":"Life expectancy of electrical insulation under multi-stress ageing","authors":"O. Chabra, G. Anand","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464424","url":null,"abstract":"Ageing of high voltage insulation during operation takes place due to combined effect of electrical, mechanical, thermal and environmental stresses. For design of reliable insulation, therefore, it is necessary to evaluate life expectancy under conditions of multi-stress ageing. The total problem of life expectancy and reliability of insulation system essentially consists of its (a) calculation and forecasting (b) control and improvement. The present status of the solution of first aspect is characterized by efforts towards formulation of the correct physical models of failure of insulation in the wide range of testing conditions, including those near the working one's mathematical analysis of the models and methods of testing.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128708763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464447
N. Trinh, C. Vincent, J. Régis
Analysis of the dielectric degradation observed in large-volume oil insulation revealed that the phenomenon can be interpreted in terms of an apparent effect of either the electrode area or the stressed volume. A semi-empirical method was developed for quantitative evaluation of the dielectric degradation of large-oil-volume insulation. The method applies the weak-link theory to an oil gap, assuming an apparent effect with a unit element of known breakdown probability distribution determined from experimental data.
{"title":"Electrode area and stressed volume: Two apparent effects of large-volume oil insulation","authors":"N. Trinh, C. Vincent, J. Régis","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464447","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the dielectric degradation observed in large-volume oil insulation revealed that the phenomenon can be interpreted in terms of an apparent effect of either the electrode area or the stressed volume. A semi-empirical method was developed for quantitative evaluation of the dielectric degradation of large-oil-volume insulation. The method applies the weak-link theory to an oil gap, assuming an apparent effect with a unit element of known breakdown probability distribution determined from experimental data.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130490486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-06-07DOI: 10.1109/EIC.1982.7464497
N. Yoshimura, Shigetaka Fujita, F. Noto
Superposition tests were performed on tree-initiation and tree-growth in low-density polyethylene by applying a 300/3000µs switching surge under an A.C. stress. Four types of waveform were used in the superposition test so that the effect of switching surges could be determined.
{"title":"Initiation and growth of trees in polyethylene when subjected to switching surges superimposed upon AC voltage","authors":"N. Yoshimura, Shigetaka Fujita, F. Noto","doi":"10.1109/EIC.1982.7464497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.1982.7464497","url":null,"abstract":"Superposition tests were performed on tree-initiation and tree-growth in low-density polyethylene by applying a 300/3000µs switching surge under an A.C. stress. Four types of waveform were used in the superposition test so that the effect of switching surges could be determined.","PeriodicalId":422317,"journal":{"name":"1982 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Insulation","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124522553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：