Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391311
T. Schnell
{"title":"Synthetic and enhanced vision systems for commercial and military applications - [Not available for publication]","authors":"T. Schnell","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128714491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391243
S. Mainger, C. Wargo, A. Kumar, S. Lai, K. Vanganuru, C. Dhas, M. Khanna, T. Mulkerin
As NASA speculates on and explores the future of aviation, the technological and physical aspects of our environment increasingly become hurdles that must be overcome for success. Several NASA research partners have purposed research into methods for overcoming some of these selected hurdles. The task of establishing a common evaluation environment was placed on NASA's Virtual Airspace Simulation Technologies (VAST) project (sub-project of Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation Project). Their response was the development of the Airspace Concept Evaluation System (ACES). As one examines the ACES environment from a communication, navigation or surveillance (CNS) perspective, the simulation environment made no provisions for realism in the simulation of CNS. To truly evaluate these concepts in a realistic sense, the contributions/effects of CNS must be part of the ACES. NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has supported the Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation (VAMS) project through the continued development of CNS models and analysis capabilities that supports the ACES environment. NASA GRC initiated the development a communications traffic loading analysis tool, called the future aeronautical subnetwork traffic emulator for communications, navigation and surveillance (FASTE-CNS), as part of this support. This tool allows for forecasting of communications load with the understanding that, there is no single, common source for loading models used to evaluate the existing and planned communications channels, and that consensus and accuracy in the traffic load models is a very important input to the decisions being made on the acceptability of communication techniques used to fulfil the aeronautical requirements. Leveraging off the existing capabilities of the FASTE-CNS tool, GRC has called for FASTE-CNS to have the functionality to pre- and post-process the simulation runs of ACES to report on instances when traffic density, frequency congestion or aircraft spacing/distance violations have occurred. The integration of these functions require that the CNS models used to characterize these avionics systems be of higher fidelity and better consistency then is present in FASTE-CNS system. This paper explores the capabilities of FASTE-CNS with renewed emphasis on the enhancements added to perform these processing functions; the fidelity and reliability of CNS models necessary to make the enhancements work.
{"title":"Airspace concept evaluations using FASTE-CNS as a simulation analysis tool","authors":"S. Mainger, C. Wargo, A. Kumar, S. Lai, K. Vanganuru, C. Dhas, M. Khanna, T. Mulkerin","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391243","url":null,"abstract":"As NASA speculates on and explores the future of aviation, the technological and physical aspects of our environment increasingly become hurdles that must be overcome for success. Several NASA research partners have purposed research into methods for overcoming some of these selected hurdles. The task of establishing a common evaluation environment was placed on NASA's Virtual Airspace Simulation Technologies (VAST) project (sub-project of Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation Project). Their response was the development of the Airspace Concept Evaluation System (ACES). As one examines the ACES environment from a communication, navigation or surveillance (CNS) perspective, the simulation environment made no provisions for realism in the simulation of CNS. To truly evaluate these concepts in a realistic sense, the contributions/effects of CNS must be part of the ACES. NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has supported the Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation (VAMS) project through the continued development of CNS models and analysis capabilities that supports the ACES environment. NASA GRC initiated the development a communications traffic loading analysis tool, called the future aeronautical subnetwork traffic emulator for communications, navigation and surveillance (FASTE-CNS), as part of this support. This tool allows for forecasting of communications load with the understanding that, there is no single, common source for loading models used to evaluate the existing and planned communications channels, and that consensus and accuracy in the traffic load models is a very important input to the decisions being made on the acceptability of communication techniques used to fulfil the aeronautical requirements. Leveraging off the existing capabilities of the FASTE-CNS tool, GRC has called for FASTE-CNS to have the functionality to pre- and post-process the simulation runs of ACES to report on instances when traffic density, frequency congestion or aircraft spacing/distance violations have occurred. The integration of these functions require that the CNS models used to characterize these avionics systems be of higher fidelity and better consistency then is present in FASTE-CNS system. This paper explores the capabilities of FASTE-CNS with renewed emphasis on the enhancements added to perform these processing functions; the fidelity and reliability of CNS models necessary to make the enhancements work.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124574990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391269
K. Leiden, P. Kopardekar
A methodology is described to evaluate en route controller task load distribution between the radar and radar associate positions. Detailed controller task analyses are used to construct a human performance model in a discrete event simulation framework to provide task load predictions. The predictions compare current controller roles and responsibilities with a candidate concept in which the radar associate position assumes some responsibility for handoffs and separation. Results indicate that task load can be more evenly distributed among the sector team.
{"title":"An evaluation of task load distribution between en route sector team positions using human performance modeling","authors":"K. Leiden, P. Kopardekar","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391269","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology is described to evaluate en route controller task load distribution between the radar and radar associate positions. Detailed controller task analyses are used to construct a human performance model in a discrete event simulation framework to provide task load predictions. The predictions compare current controller roles and responsibilities with a candidate concept in which the radar associate position assumes some responsibility for handoffs and separation. Results indicate that task load can be more evenly distributed among the sector team.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121647255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391281
S. Bradford
{"title":"Consideration of the application of separation in the modeling of capacity and delay and delay performance - [Not availble for publication]","authors":"S. Bradford","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124090322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1390795
Z. Tibichte
The NAS concept of operations (CONOPS) identifies a concept in which all participants have a collaborative role in managing the NAS, reducing congestion and delay and making flying safer and more secure. The concept also states that the shared and instant delivery of information improves the common situational awareness in anticipation of any changes in NAS capacity and traffic conditions. This concept is known as the system wide information management (SWIM). This paper introduces the strategy for inter-model connectivity (SIM-C), which has been developed based on SWIM concepts. SIM-C provides an architectural framework to support information management and collaborative-networked communication. In this framework, intelligent agents dynamically request and receive information as needed to perform coordination, cooperation and informed decision-making on behalf of the participants. Under the FAA sponsorship, SIM-C has been developed as an early prototype and proof-of-concept for a more fully developed SWIM tool.
{"title":"Strategy for inter-model connectivity (SIM-C)","authors":"Z. Tibichte","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1390795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1390795","url":null,"abstract":"The NAS concept of operations (CONOPS) identifies a concept in which all participants have a collaborative role in managing the NAS, reducing congestion and delay and making flying safer and more secure. The concept also states that the shared and instant delivery of information improves the common situational awareness in anticipation of any changes in NAS capacity and traffic conditions. This concept is known as the system wide information management (SWIM). This paper introduces the strategy for inter-model connectivity (SIM-C), which has been developed based on SWIM concepts. SIM-C provides an architectural framework to support information management and collaborative-networked communication. In this framework, intelligent agents dynamically request and receive information as needed to perform coordination, cooperation and informed decision-making on behalf of the participants. Under the FAA sponsorship, SIM-C has been developed as an early prototype and proof-of-concept for a more fully developed SWIM tool.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130236712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391340
N. Doble, R. Hansman
Air traffic service providers are increasingly embracing electronic alternatives to the traditional paper flight progress strip (FPS). However, most development of such electronic systems, and of decision support tools (DSTs) in general, has centered on radar-based en route or terminal-area facilities, rather than the airport air traffic control tower. Based on an analysis of the unique human factors requirements of the control tower environment, a prototype portable electronic FPS has been designed that also serves as an interface to a DST for departure operations. The portable electronic FPS has been implemented using a system of networked, handheld computers as prototype hardware. A study has been conducted to evaluate the usability of the portable electronic FPS. The study consisted of a human-in-the-loop experiment that simulated the tasks an air traffic controller performs at a major airport. Three issues were explored: the importance of FPS portability, the appropriateness of departure sequence DST advisories distributed onto each portable electronic FPS, and the advantages of interaction mechanisms enabled by an electronic interface. Test subjects used multiple versions of the portable electronic FPS as well as a current-day paper FPS. Quantitative measures of departure sequencing efficiency and traffic monitoring ability were recorded for each test subject, as well as subjective FPS preference rankings. This paper reviews the final design and prototype implementation of the portable electronic FPS, presents the design and results of the usability study, and suggests future research that should be pursued in order to create an operationally deployable portable electronic FPS system.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of portable electronic flight progress strips","authors":"N. Doble, R. Hansman","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391340","url":null,"abstract":"Air traffic service providers are increasingly embracing electronic alternatives to the traditional paper flight progress strip (FPS). However, most development of such electronic systems, and of decision support tools (DSTs) in general, has centered on radar-based en route or terminal-area facilities, rather than the airport air traffic control tower. Based on an analysis of the unique human factors requirements of the control tower environment, a prototype portable electronic FPS has been designed that also serves as an interface to a DST for departure operations. The portable electronic FPS has been implemented using a system of networked, handheld computers as prototype hardware. A study has been conducted to evaluate the usability of the portable electronic FPS. The study consisted of a human-in-the-loop experiment that simulated the tasks an air traffic controller performs at a major airport. Three issues were explored: the importance of FPS portability, the appropriateness of departure sequence DST advisories distributed onto each portable electronic FPS, and the advantages of interaction mechanisms enabled by an electronic interface. Test subjects used multiple versions of the portable electronic FPS as well as a current-day paper FPS. Quantitative measures of departure sequencing efficiency and traffic monitoring ability were recorded for each test subject, as well as subjective FPS preference rankings. This paper reviews the final design and prototype implementation of the portable electronic FPS, presents the design and results of the usability study, and suggests future research that should be pursued in order to create an operationally deployable portable electronic FPS system.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130285051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391266
E. Ramiscal, J. Murdoch, J. McNabb, F. Bussink
The self-separation and sequencing (SSS) flight experiment was conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center (LaRC) to determine if instrument rated general aviation (GA) pilots could self-separate and sequence their ownship aircraft, while following a simulated aircraft, into a simulated nontowered, nonradar airport during simulated instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). Six GA pilots' subjective workload levels and abilities to fly a Cirrus SR22X aircraft while performing self-separation and sequencing procedures during straight-in, intrail approaches and approaches with simultaneous arrivals of aircraft were examined. This paper discusses the results of the flight experiment and its relevance to future research.
{"title":"Feasibility of self-separation and sequencing during GPS instrument approaches","authors":"E. Ramiscal, J. Murdoch, J. McNabb, F. Bussink","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391266","url":null,"abstract":"The self-separation and sequencing (SSS) flight experiment was conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center (LaRC) to determine if instrument rated general aviation (GA) pilots could self-separate and sequence their ownship aircraft, while following a simulated aircraft, into a simulated nontowered, nonradar airport during simulated instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). Six GA pilots' subjective workload levels and abilities to fly a Cirrus SR22X aircraft while performing self-separation and sequencing procedures during straight-in, intrail approaches and approaches with simultaneous arrivals of aircraft were examined. This paper discusses the results of the flight experiment and its relevance to future research.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131036522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1390845
D. V. Van Rheeden, B. Brown, J.C. Price, B. Abbott, G. Willden
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have proved extremely useful for a number of important tasks such as surveillance, remote sensing, and geolocation of radio frequency (RF) transmitters. Typically UAVs fly pre-programmed flight paths, or they allow for limited flight path changes via ground station controllers. However, it is difficult for ground station controllers to position UAVs in a manner that optimizes geolocation performance. This paper explores the problem of automatically repositioning UAV assets to optimize geolocation accuracy via time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods. First, we determine the geolocation accuracy that can be achieved for various scenarios and the TDOA timing accuracy needed. Second, we describe an algorithm to determine the quality of each TDOA measurement. Signal data corrupted by propagation effects and co-channel interference is used to validate the approach. Third, a path-planning algorithm for repositioning the UAVs to optimize geolocation accuracy is presented. Finally, some results using field test data are presented.
{"title":"Automatic positioning of UAVs to optimize TDOA geolocation performance","authors":"D. V. Van Rheeden, B. Brown, J.C. Price, B. Abbott, G. Willden","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1390845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1390845","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have proved extremely useful for a number of important tasks such as surveillance, remote sensing, and geolocation of radio frequency (RF) transmitters. Typically UAVs fly pre-programmed flight paths, or they allow for limited flight path changes via ground station controllers. However, it is difficult for ground station controllers to position UAVs in a manner that optimizes geolocation performance. This paper explores the problem of automatically repositioning UAV assets to optimize geolocation accuracy via time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods. First, we determine the geolocation accuracy that can be achieved for various scenarios and the TDOA timing accuracy needed. Second, we describe an algorithm to determine the quality of each TDOA measurement. Signal data corrupted by propagation effects and co-channel interference is used to validate the approach. Third, a path-planning algorithm for repositioning the UAVs to optimize geolocation accuracy is presented. Finally, some results using field test data are presented.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133536058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1391319
T. Stock
{"title":"Developing a low cost airspace alerting and avoidance system for general aviation - [Not available for publication]","authors":"T. Stock","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1391319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1391319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115350886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-24DOI: 10.1109/DASC.2004.1390785
D. Harres
Fibre optics is quickly gaining acceptance for aerospace applications at data rates of 1 gigabit per second and above. Its weight, bandwidth, and cable volume advantages outweigh the concerns of contamination and susceptibility to damage. Fibre is generally more robust than copper for high speed rates, it is definitely susceptible to damage, just as any other avionics functions are susceptible. This paper describes the built-in test (BIT) technology that need to be included in today's designs in order to provide such diagnostics.
{"title":"High speed fiber optic transceivers with built-in test capability","authors":"D. Harres","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2004.1390785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2004.1390785","url":null,"abstract":"Fibre optics is quickly gaining acceptance for aerospace applications at data rates of 1 gigabit per second and above. Its weight, bandwidth, and cable volume advantages outweigh the concerns of contamination and susceptibility to damage. Fibre is generally more robust than copper for high speed rates, it is definitely susceptible to damage, just as any other avionics functions are susceptible. This paper describes the built-in test (BIT) technology that need to be included in today's designs in order to provide such diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":422463,"journal":{"name":"The 23rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37576)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114413743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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