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The effects of the trefoil pedagogical approach on encouraging creative behaviour in students 三叶草教学法对鼓励学生创造性行为的影响
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1602207S
Jasmina Sefer, Snežana Mirkov
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引用次数: 0
The effects of laboratory inquire-based experiments and computer simulations on high school students‘ performance and cognitive load in physics teaching 实验室探究式实验和计算机模拟对高中生物理教学表现和认知负荷的影响
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1602264R
B. Radulović, M. Stojanović, V. Županec
The main goal of this study was to examine the extent to which different teaching instructions focused on the application of laboratory inquire-based experiments (LIBEs) and interactive computer based simulations (ICBSs) improved understanding of physical contents in high school students, compared to traditional teaching approach. Additionally, the study examined how the applied instructions influenced students’ assessment of invested cognitive load. A convenience sample of this research included 187 high school students. A multiple-choice test of knowledge was used as a measuring instrument for the students’ performance. Each task in the test was followed by the five-point Likert-type scale for the evaluation of invested cognitive load. In addition to descriptive statistics, determination of significant differences in performance and cognitive load as well as the calculation of instructional efficiency of applied instructional design, computed one-factor analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test. The findings indicate that teaching instructions based on the use of LIBEs and ICBSs equally contribute to an increase in students’ performance and the reduction of cognitive load unlike traditional teaching of Physics. The results obtained by the students from the LIBEs and ICBSs groups for calculated instructional efficiency suggest that the applied teaching strategies represent effective teaching instructions. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179010: The Quality of Education System in Serbia from European Perspective]
本研究的主要目的是考察与传统教学方法相比,不同的教学指导在多大程度上侧重于基于实验室探究性实验(LIBEs)和基于交互式计算机模拟(ICBSs)的应用,以提高高中生对物理内容的理解。此外,研究还考察了应用指导如何影响学生对投入认知负荷的评估。本研究的方便样本包括187名高中生。知识的多项选择测验被用作衡量学生表现的工具。在测试的每一项任务之后,都有李克特五分量表来评估投入的认知负荷。除描述性统计外,应用教学设计的成绩和认知负荷显著差异的确定以及教学效率的计算,计算单因素方差分析和Tukey事后检验。研究结果表明,与传统的物理教学不同,基于LIBEs和icbs的教学指导对学生成绩的提高和认知负荷的减少具有同等的作用。LIBEs组和icbs组学生计算教学效率的结果表明,应用教学策略代表了有效的教学指导。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;179010:从欧洲视角看塞尔维亚的教育体系质量]
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引用次数: 16
Cooperation in teaching: The effects of implementing the “trefoil” model 合作教学:实施“三叶草”模式的效果
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1601027D
Vladimir Džinović, M. Marusic
The starting point of the paper is the importance of developing the skill of cooperation and the undisputed significance of cooperative work for the outcomes of the learning process. We examine the effects of teacher training conducted in order to encourage the teachers to implement work methods and forms aimed at developing cooperation. Cooperation is operationalised through the following components: cooperative learning, exchange of opinions with the aim of accomplishing the goal and prosocial behaviour that includes understanding and empathy. The data were collected by repeated observation - before and after the conducted training. The sample included 72 classes realised by 20 teachers of one primary school. Using variance analysis, we determined the effects on two out of four cooperation indicators: the teacher encourages group activities with the common goal and cooperative learning and the teacher encourages the students to talk and exchange opinions in order to achieve a certain goal together. There were no effects on the indicators that referred to including the teacher in the exchange process and encouraging understanding and empathy in students. The lack of effects was ascribed to the way in which teachers perceive their role in relation to students, as well as to the limited number of the observed classes. Research findings point to the efficiency and usefulness of this way of improving teaching practice as well as to the changes that can be implemented to enhance the presented training programme. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179034: Od podsticanja inicijative, saradnje i stvaralastva u obrazovanju do novih uloga i identiteta u drustvu]
本文的出发点是发展合作技能的重要性,以及合作作业对学习过程结果的无可争议的重要性。我们考察了教师培训的效果,以鼓励教师实施旨在发展合作的工作方法和形式。合作是通过以下组成部分来运作的:合作学习,以实现目标为目的的意见交流,以及包括理解和同理心在内的亲社会行为。数据是在训练前后通过反复观察收集的。样本包括一所小学20名教师开设的72个班级。通过方差分析,我们确定了对四个合作指标中的两个指标的影响:教师鼓励具有共同目标和合作学习的小组活动,教师鼓励学生为了共同实现某个目标而进行交谈和交换意见。在涉及将教师纳入交流过程和鼓励学生理解和同情的指标上没有影响。缺乏效果归因于教师对他们与学生关系的角色的看法,以及观察到的班级数量有限。研究结果指出,这种改进教学实践的方法是有效和有用的,也指出了可以实施的变化,以加强现有的培训计划。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;[179034] [au:] [qh] [qh] [qh]
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引用次数: 1
Syntactic features of written discourse at early primary school age - a longitudinal approach 小学早期书面语篇的句法特征——纵向研究
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1601087I
M. Ivanović
By the acquisition of written language form during the first years of schooling, the child starts to move away from the elementary structures by including new, more complex constructions into the existing base. The aim of this paper is to study the ability of producing different clause types in the texts of first- and fourth-grade primary school students, i.e. to study the existing differences in the syntactic structures of texts between the older and younger students. The initial research as well as the repeated measuring after three years included forty-two students of one primary school from Belgrade. Since in both the first and the second cycle of the study each child composed three texts, the corpus consisted of 252 texts. The analysis of the obtained material was performed using the SPSS software package. The results provide an insight into the average length of texts and sentences produced by first-grade and fourth-grade students. The longer the duration of schooling, the lower the number of simple clauses (both basic and extended), as well as coordinate clauses, while the number of constructions with subordinate clauses is increasing. This finding confirms the fact that early primary school age children are expanding their syntactic competence, i.e. that their later language development continues in the school period. This can be helpful for teachers in the process of literacy acquisition and in developing the strategies that facilitate reaching the higher levels of competence in written discourse and evolving of children’s syntax towards the writing patterns of adult speakers. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. OI 178002: Jezici i kulture u vremenu i prostoru i br. OI 179068: Evaluacija tretmana stecenih poremecaja govora i jezika]
在上学的头几年里,孩子们通过在现有的基础上加入新的、更复杂的结构,开始从基本的结构中走出来。本文的目的是研究小学一年级和四年级学生在语篇中产生不同小句类型的能力,即研究高年级学生和低年级学生在语篇句法结构上存在的差异。最初的研究和三年后的重复测量包括来自贝尔格莱德的一所小学的42名学生。由于在研究的第一个和第二个周期中,每个孩子都写了三篇课文,因此语料库由252篇课文组成。使用SPSS软件包对所得资料进行分析。结果提供了一年级和四年级学生的平均文本和句子长度的见解。受教育年限越长,简单分句(基本分句和引申分句)和并列分句的数量越少,而带有从句的结构数量却在增加。这一发现证实了这样一个事实,即小学早期的儿童正在扩展他们的句法能力,即他们后来的语言发展在学校期间继续。这可以帮助教师在读写能力的习得过程中,在制定策略以促进在书面话语中达到更高水平的能力,并使儿童的句法向成人说话人的写作模式发展的过程中。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;OI 178002: Jezici我kulture u vremenu prostoru br。[qh] [179068] [j]
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引用次数: 0
The inclusion of disadvantaged children in preschool programs: The children’s rights and social responsibility 弱势儿童纳入学前教育:儿童的权利与社会责任
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1601147J
J. Jager
Participation of at least 95% of children between the ages of 4 and the mandatory school age in high-quality preschool programs represents an important contribution to the achievement of the Europe 2020 strategy. Slovenia is not far from achieving this objective; however, if we consider participation in preschool programs from the perspective of the entire population of preschool children and the realisation of children’s rights, we note that nearly a quarter of children - among them (at least in the wider European area) the most disadvantaged - have not realised the right to education. We studied the awareness of the importance of ensuring access to preschool programs for all children on a representative sample of 106 Slovenian preschool principals by means of quantitative pedagogical research. The results show a high percentage of disadvantaged children in the preschool areas and in the preschools themselves; on the other hand, only a low percentage (only one-third) of preschools collect data about disadvantaged children and implement preschool programs for them; only one-fifth of preschools implement preschool programs for disadvantaged children. In order to act responsibly and enable all children the right to education, we must start devoting greater attention to identifying and including disadvantaged children in preschool programs.
至少95%的4岁至法定学龄儿童参加了高质量的学前教育项目,这是对实现欧洲2020战略的重要贡献。斯洛文尼亚离实现这一目标不远了;然而,如果我们从整个学龄前儿童人口和儿童权利实现的角度来考虑学前教育项目的参与,我们注意到,近四分之一的儿童——其中(至少在更广泛的欧洲地区)最弱势的儿童——没有实现受教育权。我们通过定量教学研究的方法研究了106名斯洛文尼亚幼儿园校长的代表性样本中确保所有儿童获得学前教育计划的重要性。结果表明,学龄前地区和幼儿园本身的弱势儿童比例很高;另一方面,只有很低比例(只有三分之一)的幼儿园收集有关弱势儿童的数据并为他们实施学前教育计划;只有五分之一的幼儿园实施了针对弱势儿童的学前教育。为了采取负责任的行动,使所有儿童都有受教育的权利,我们必须开始更加重视识别并将弱势儿童纳入学前教育计划。
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引用次数: 2
Formulating textual tasks based on mathematical expressions in the fourth grade of primary school 小学四年级基于数学表达式的文本任务制定
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1601106C
Ilijana R. Čutura, N. Vulović
The paper deals with the characteristics of students’ products of independent writing in mathematics instruction. The importance of the research stems from a relatively low achievement of primary school students in Serbia on international tests of trends of students’ achievement in mathematics and sciences, as well as from the prominent need, proven both empirically and theoretically, to devote attention to writing not solely in language instruction, considering a low level of basic and functional literacy of students. The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of students’ products in which they translated mathematical expressions into textual form. The criteria for analysing students’ products were the following: mathematical accuracy, reality of the context, variety and originality of topics, dominant types of text structuring and normative, lexical and syntactic characteristics. The sample included 198 fourth-grade primary school students. Standard quantitative and qualitative methodological procedures were used. The findings indicate that the students have not been sufficiently trained to translate mathematical expressions into the form of textual tasks. Although they recognised and complied with the rules of the genre and functional style, students did not pay attention to the reality of the context and quantities. They also neglected other aspects that are not directly related to mathematics instruction: innovativeness in selecting the topics of textual tasks, orthographic and grammatical accuracy of the text/textual task, choice of vocabulary and syntactic complexity of sentences. The results also suggest that it is necessary to devote more attention to open-ended problems and the quality of linguistic expression in the instruction of all school subjects.
本文论述了数学教学中学生自主写作成果的特点。这项研究之所以重要,是因为塞尔维亚小学生在数学和科学成绩趋势的国际测试中成绩相对较低,而且考虑到学生的基本和实用识字水平较低,从经验和理论两方面都证明,迫切需要不仅在语言教学中注重写作,而且在语言教学中注重写作。本研究的目的是研究学生将数学表达式翻译成文本形式的产品的特点。分析学生作品的标准如下:数学的准确性、语境的真实性、话题的多样性和独创性、文本结构的主要类型以及规范性、词汇和句法特征。样本包括198名小学四年级学生。采用标准的定量和定性方法程序。研究结果表明,学生没有得到足够的训练,将数学表达式转化为文本任务的形式。虽然他们承认并遵守体裁和功能风格的规则,但学生们并没有注意到语境和数量的真实性。他们还忽略了与数学教学不直接相关的其他方面:文本任务主题选择的创新性,文本/文本任务的正字法和语法准确性,词汇的选择和句子的句法复杂性。结果还表明,在学校所有学科的教学中,有必要更多地关注开放性问题和语言表达质量。
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引用次数: 0
Family and intellectual abilities of adolescents as the factors of adolescents’ prosocial behaviour 家庭和青少年智力是青少年亲社会行为的影响因素
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1601048J
M. Jelić, I. Stojković
Previous studies have offered important findings on the frequency of negative forms of social behaviour in children with intellectual disabilities and typically developing children. However, there is a lack of studies dealing with the link between the prosocial behaviour of youth and family variables. The aim of the conducted research was to study the degree of connection of the quality of parenting and the level of intellectual development of adolescents with the prosocial behaviour of adolescents. The sample consisted of 416 respondents, aged 12 to 18, divided into two groups. One group comprised 210 adolescents (130 typically developing adolescents and 80 adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities) without parental care, and the other group included 206 adolescents (130 typically developing adolescents and 76 adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities) with parental care. For the assessment of prosocial behaviour we used the subscale Prosocial behaviour from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires - SDQ. The results have confirmed that, regardless of intellectual status, young people without parental care exhibited prosocial behaviour significantly less frequently than young people with parental care. The findings are discussed within the context of the starting model. The concluding part of the paper points to the fact that cognitive deficits are not a limiting factor in the development of prosocial behaviour of adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities and that further research is needed on the influence of environmental factors on the exhibition of prosocial behaviour in adolescents.
先前的研究在智力残疾儿童和正常发育儿童中消极社会行为的频率方面提供了重要的发现。然而,关于青少年亲社会行为与家庭变量之间关系的研究却很少。本研究的目的是研究父母教养质量和青少年智力发展水平与青少年亲社会行为之间的联系程度。样本包括416名12至18岁的受访者,分为两组。一组由210名无父母照顾的青少年(130名典型发育青少年和80名轻度智障青少年)组成,另一组由206名有父母照顾的青少年(130名典型发育青少年和76名轻度智障青少年)组成。为了评估亲社会行为,我们使用了优势与困难问卷中的亲社会行为子量表。结果证实,无论智力状况如何,没有父母照顾的年轻人表现出亲社会行为的频率明显低于有父母照顾的年轻人。研究结果将在初始模型的背景下进行讨论。本文的结语部分指出,认知缺陷并不是轻度智障青少年亲社会行为发展的限制因素,环境因素对青少年亲社会行为表现的影响有待进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between working memory and mathematical skills in third-grade primary school students 小学三年级学生工作记忆与数学技能的关系
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1602321K
Anita Kovačić-Popović, M. Vujanovic
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引用次数: 0
Construction and validation of a questionnaire on language learning motivation 语言学习动机调查问卷的建构与验证
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1602284N
L. Nikitina, D. Mohd, Sau Loh Cheong
This article describes the steps and phases involved in constructing a questionnaire on the motivation to learn a second or foreign language (or L2 motivation). It evaluates psychometric properties of the instrument by performing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Participants in this study were 194 students. The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated that four dimensions formed the construct of L2 motivation, namely Instrumental orientation, Integrative orientation, Commitment and Effort. The findings from a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis validated the four-dimensional structure. The conclusions reached by this study as well as the steps and phases involved in the development of research instrument on L2 motivation could be informative for educators interested in issues related to language learning motivation and useful for future scholarly investigations of L2 motivation.
本文描述了构建关于学习第二语言或外语动机(或L2动机)的问卷调查的步骤和阶段。它通过执行探索性和验证性因素分析来评估仪器的心理测量特性。这项研究的参与者是194名学生。探索性因子分析结果表明,工具取向、整合取向、承诺和努力四个维度构成了第二语言动机的结构。随后的验证性因子分析的结果验证了四维结构。本研究得出的结论以及开发第二语言动机研究工具所涉及的步骤和阶段,可以为对语言学习动机相关问题感兴趣的教育工作者提供信息,并对未来第二语言动机的学术研究有用。
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引用次数: 15
An exploration of acceptance of innovative computer use in teaching mathematics among pre-service class teachers and mathematics teachers 职前班教师和数学教师对计算机创新应用于数学教学的接受程度探讨
IF 0.3 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZIPI1602339M
Verica Milutinović
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引用次数: 1
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Zbornik Instituta za Pedagoska Istrazivanja
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