The environment is an important issue even when society is faced with economic crises, wars, and unending social problems. It matters because Earth is the only home that humans have, and it provides air, food, and other needs. Economic development, demographic growth, increase in consumption due to increase in the income level of the population, climate changes and other reasons have resulted in an increase in the negative impact on the environment. Pollution of water basins with waste water, release of harmful gases into the atmosphere, reduction of biodiversity, soil erosion and salinization, deficiencies in the field of waste management are considered among the existing ecological problems. The paper deals with specific features of the organization of biosphere reserves in Azerbaijan. A significant challenge of our time is conserving biological diversity while maintaining economic development and cultural values. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization has established biosphere reserves within its Man and the Biosphere program as a model means for accomplishing this very challenge. The loss of cultural links and traditional knowledge has also been significant. Nevertheless, it remains a highly biodiversity area. Political barriers and institutional blockages will have to be removed to ensure this reserve fulfills its role as a model region for international collaboration and capacity building. These insights drawn from the Eastern Carpathians Biosphere Reserve demonstrate that biosphere reserves are indeed learning sites for sustainable development and that this case is exemplary in illustrating the challenges, but more importantly, the opportunities that arise when ensuring parallel care and respect for people and ecosystems through the model of trans boundary protected areas around the world.
{"title":"Crucial problems of the organization of biosphere reserves in Azerbaijan","authors":"Tahir O. Ibrahimov, Rashad R. Sadullayev","doi":"10.15421/112258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112258","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The environment is an important issue even when society is faced with economic crises, wars, and unending social problems. It matters because Earth is the only home that humans have, and it provides air, food, and other needs. Economic development, demographic growth, increase in consumption due to increase in the income level of the population, climate changes and other reasons have resulted in an increase in the negative impact on the environment. Pollution of water basins with waste water, release of harmful gases into the atmosphere, reduction of biodiversity, soil erosion and salinization, deficiencies in the field of waste management are considered among the existing ecological problems. The paper deals with specific features of the organization of biosphere reserves in Azerbaijan. A significant challenge of our time is conserving biological diversity while maintaining economic development and cultural values. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization has established biosphere reserves within its Man and the Biosphere program as a model means for accomplishing this very challenge. The loss of cultural links and traditional knowledge has also been significant. Nevertheless, it remains a highly biodiversity area. Political barriers and institutional blockages will have to be removed to ensure this reserve fulfills its role as a model region for international collaboration and capacity building. These insights drawn from the Eastern Carpathians Biosphere Reserve demonstrate that biosphere reserves are indeed learning sites for sustainable development and that this case is exemplary in illustrating the challenges, but more importantly, the opportunities that arise when ensuring parallel care and respect for people and ecosystems through the model of trans boundary protected areas around the world. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73619904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nataliya A. Horozhankina, V. Hrushka, Z. Boyko, M. Korneyev, N. Nebaba
The theoretical foundations of the origin and development of Antarctic tourism are considered. The first proposals for Antarctic tourism were recorded in 1910, but it was not until the 1920s that the first tourists were able to visit the mainland. The beginning of commercial tourism to the Antarctic was laid by Lars-Erik Lindblad on his cruise liner «Explorer», which in 1966 made the first commercial tourist flight to the continent. In the 1980s of the 20th century, Antarctica was visited annually by about 2,000 tourists. In the 1990s, Antarctic tourism became a mass phenomenon, flights over the Antarctic resumed. The Antarctic Treaty system is considered. In 1959, the Antarctic Treaty was concluded, and in 1961, it established the status quo, which prohibits the making of new territorial claims and the expansion of old claims made before 1959. The treaty declares the freedom of scientific research in the Antarctic. It has been analyzed that the current lack of territorial possessions of one or another country in the Antarctic facilitates the conduct of comprehensive scientific research. It has been established that in Ukraine only one dissertation study is devot- ed to the issues of Antarctic tourism. All other works of scientists are devoted to biological, gravimetric, mineralogical, geodetic, ocean- ographic, physical, geological research of the Antarctic. It has been proven that modern directions of regional complex geographical re- search of the Antarctic are closely related not only to the provision of national interests, but also to the solution of global environmental problems. An analysis of the spatial structure and dynamics of international tourist flows to the Antarctic was conducted for the seasons 2011-2020. During this period, 389,800 people visited the continent. There is a constant increase in the number of visitors. Travel by mode of transport is considered. During the entire period of the study, the largest number of visitors (71.5% of the total number) usedcruise ships / yachts with a landing on the shore with an excursion to the mainland. An analysis of the distribution of tourists by country of origin was carried out. The Top-20 places of Antarctica, which are the most visited, are considered. During the 2016-2017 – 2019-2020 seasons, the number of visits reached 7,086. The top five are occupied by Cuverville Island (9.07% of the total number of visits during the study period), Goudier Island (8.65%), Neko Harbor (8.55%), Whalers Bay (8.24%), Half Moon Island – Chinstrap Colony (7.83%). The station «Akademik Vernadsky” ranks 13th with 194 visits, which is 2.74%. The most popular tourist destinations in East Antarctica for the 2019-2020 season have been reviewed: Amundsen Sea with ship cruises, Cape Evans with small boat cruises and shore landings, Cape Adare with ship cruises, small boat cruises and shore landings from it to the shore. It is noted that at the current stage of the development of society, it is impossible
{"title":"Antarctic tourism: spatial structure and dynamics of international tourist flows (for the seasons of 2011-2020)","authors":"Nataliya A. Horozhankina, V. Hrushka, Z. Boyko, M. Korneyev, N. Nebaba","doi":"10.15421/112257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112257","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The theoretical foundations of the origin and development of Antarctic tourism are considered. The first proposals for Antarctic tourism were recorded in 1910, but it was not until the 1920s that the first tourists were able to visit the mainland. The beginning of commercial tourism to the Antarctic was laid by Lars-Erik Lindblad on his cruise liner «Explorer», which in 1966 made the first commercial tourist flight to the continent. In the 1980s of the 20th century, Antarctica was visited annually by about 2,000 tourists. In the 1990s, Antarctic tourism became a mass phenomenon, flights over the Antarctic resumed. The Antarctic Treaty system is considered. In 1959, the Antarctic Treaty was concluded, and in 1961, it established the status quo, which prohibits the making of new territorial claims and the expansion of old claims made before 1959. The treaty declares the freedom of scientific research in the Antarctic. It has been analyzed that the current lack of territorial possessions of one or another country in the Antarctic facilitates the conduct of comprehensive scientific research. It has been established that in Ukraine only one dissertation study is devot- ed to the issues of Antarctic tourism. All other works of scientists are devoted to biological, gravimetric, mineralogical, geodetic, ocean- ographic, physical, geological research of the Antarctic. It has been proven that modern directions of regional complex geographical re- search of the Antarctic are closely related not only to the provision of national interests, but also to the solution of global environmental problems. An analysis of the spatial structure and dynamics of international tourist flows to the Antarctic was conducted for the seasons 2011-2020. During this period, 389,800 people visited the continent. There is a constant increase in the number of visitors. Travel by mode of transport is considered. During the entire period of the study, the largest number of visitors (71.5% of the total number) usedcruise ships / yachts with a landing on the shore with an excursion to the mainland. An analysis of the distribution of tourists by country of origin was carried out. The Top-20 places of Antarctica, which are the most visited, are considered. During the 2016-2017 – 2019-2020 seasons, the number of visits reached 7,086. The top five are occupied by Cuverville Island (9.07% of the total number of visits during the study period), Goudier Island (8.65%), Neko Harbor (8.55%), Whalers Bay (8.24%), Half Moon Island – Chinstrap Colony (7.83%). The station «Akademik Vernadsky” ranks 13th with 194 visits, which is 2.74%. The most popular tourist destinations in East Antarctica for the 2019-2020 season have been reviewed: Amundsen Sea with ship cruises, Cape Evans with small boat cruises and shore landings, Cape Adare with ship cruises, small boat cruises and shore landings from it to the shore. It is noted that at the current stage of the development of society, it is impossible","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75746051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this article was to highlight the prospects of using the «recreation- al tract «Korostyshivskyi Canyon» for recreational and tourist purposes. Due to most of the world’s leading countries’ policies aim to manage the sustainable development of tourist destinations, preserving the integrity of the environment was the basis of the improvement measures. By maintaining a balance between the use and protection of the landscape. Through such mechanisms as taking into account the orographic features of the area for arranging zones of active and passive activity, as well as studying the quarry’s attractiveness and its possible inclusion as one of the objects in the regional geopark. The creation and operation of which could be developed based on the existing quarries of the city of Korostyshiv (Korostyshivskyi quarry, «recreational tract «Korostyshivskyi canyon», Raikhove lake, «Vysoky Kamen» quarry). In view of the fact that the object described in the article is in the communal property of the city of Korostyshiv, the interests of the local authorities regarding this place and the residents of the city were taken into account when devel- oping the measures. As a result, functional zoning was developed, making it possible to allocate zones for certain types of activities, considering their current state of preservation. The implementation of the proposed project assumes that the territory will act not only as an additional stimulus for the local budget but will also be able to expand the range of services and change public awareness of environmental support. The perspective of the proposed project is that this area will be less burdened by tourists, due to the functioning of the infrastructure, which will ensure comfort for visitors and safety for nature. Also, one of this work’s goals was to form a comprehensive image of the geological object among tourists, by installing information and reference boards and laying eco-trails. The selected quarry is an excellent site for recreation, which, with proper use of resources and presentation of the geological heritage, will make it comfortable to visit and recognizable among other places in the region.
{"title":"Landscape cultivation project of the «Recreation tract «Korostyshiv Canyon» and prospects for the creation of a geopark","authors":"O. Gryniuk, S. Ulyhanets, U. Shynkarenko","doi":"10.15421/112256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112256","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The purpose of this article was to highlight the prospects of using the «recreation- al tract «Korostyshivskyi Canyon» for recreational and tourist purposes. Due to most of the world’s leading countries’ policies aim to manage the sustainable development of tourist destinations, preserving the integrity of the environment was the basis of the improvement measures. By maintaining a balance between the use and protection of the landscape. Through such mechanisms as taking into account the orographic features of the area for arranging zones of active and passive activity, as well as studying the quarry’s attractiveness and its possible inclusion as one of the objects in the regional geopark. The creation and operation of which could be developed based on the existing quarries of the city of Korostyshiv (Korostyshivskyi quarry, «recreational tract «Korostyshivskyi canyon», Raikhove lake, «Vysoky Kamen» quarry). In view of the fact that the object described in the article is in the communal property of the city of Korostyshiv, the interests of the local authorities regarding this place and the residents of the city were taken into account when devel- oping the measures. As a result, functional zoning was developed, making it possible to allocate zones for certain types of activities, considering their current state of preservation. The implementation of the proposed project assumes that the territory will act not only as an additional stimulus for the local budget but will also be able to expand the range of services and change public awareness of environmental support. The perspective of the proposed project is that this area will be less burdened by tourists, due to the functioning of the infrastructure, which will ensure comfort for visitors and safety for nature. Also, one of this work’s goals was to form a comprehensive image of the geological object among tourists, by installing information and reference boards and laying eco-trails. The selected quarry is an excellent site for recreation, which, with proper use of resources and presentation of the geological heritage, will make it comfortable to visit and recognizable among other places in the region. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78737060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hryhoriy I. Denysyk, Oksana M. Valchuk-Orkusha, V. Kanska, V. Kanskyi, I. Kozynska
We analyzed one of the inseparable components of road landscapes of Ukraine, their ecozones. As noted, road landscapes are divided into three categories: road landscape-en- gineer systems (RLESs), road landscape-technogenic systems (RLTSs) and road landscapes proper (RLP). Depending on those categories of road landscapes, there form respective road ecozones. Most distinctively, they become structured and developed over the process of constructing and functioning of RLESs. Therefore, the objectives of our research were the structure, typology, properties and significance of ecozones, mostly those of road landscape-engineer systems for the purpose of their rational exploitation. The objects of the research were RLESs of Ternopil-Khemel- nytskyi-Vinnytsia-Uman-Kropyvnytskyi (M-12) and Kyiv-Odesa (M-5). The research was carried out using the basic principles of landscape science – emergence, cause and effect relationships, history, comparability; methods of analysis, synthesis, modeling, map- ping, GIS-technologies using the software: graphic editors CorelDRAW and Adobe Photoshop, and also open-source network of satellite images Google Earth and other. The notion of road ecozone is considered as a complex ecological structure that is formed and developed over the process of functioning of road landscapes. In more details, we have analyzed the ecozones of modern road landscape-engineer systems M-12 and M-5 which have long been actively operating. Field landscape-science-oriented and ecological studies of ecozones of those RLESs over the period of 2019-2021 made it possible to distinguish and substantiate ten microecozones in their structure. Their specific features are conditioned by specifics of the structure and ecologic condition of previous landscape complexes – the fundamentals of modern RLESs; spatial-temporal specifics of the formation; «linear» spread; dependence on the func- tioning of one type of transport (automobile) and purpose. The features of microecozones are conditioned by land allocated to roads, technical impact, chemical contamination, contamination of soil, aquatic and air contaminations, acoustic and lighting impacts, and esthetic and landscape contaminations. Over the process of further studies, it is possible to distinguish other microecozones, specifically those of biotic and geological impacts, and also uniting certain microecozones into groups. We analyzed one of typical features of road ecozones – their asymmetry. We distinguished and characterized three types of asymmetry of road ecozones – wind-caused, orographic and landscape asymmetries. Not always do their vectors of development coincide. We should note that over the process of functioning of RLTSs and SRLs, there also develop roadside ecozones with respective set of microecozones, though they need additional studies. Further study of ecozones in road landscapes would allow for more thorough planning and forming of their structure, functioning, im- pact on human h
{"title":"Ecozones of road landscape-engineer systems: structure, typology, significance","authors":"Hryhoriy I. Denysyk, Oksana M. Valchuk-Orkusha, V. Kanska, V. Kanskyi, I. Kozynska","doi":"10.15421/112255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000We analyzed one of the inseparable components of road landscapes of Ukraine, their ecozones. As noted, road landscapes are divided into three categories: road landscape-en- gineer systems (RLESs), road landscape-technogenic systems (RLTSs) and road landscapes proper (RLP). Depending on those categories of road landscapes, there form respective road ecozones. Most distinctively, they become structured and developed over the process of constructing and functioning of RLESs. Therefore, the objectives of our research were the structure, typology, properties and significance of ecozones, mostly those of road landscape-engineer systems for the purpose of their rational exploitation. The objects of the research were RLESs of Ternopil-Khemel- nytskyi-Vinnytsia-Uman-Kropyvnytskyi (M-12) and Kyiv-Odesa (M-5). The research was carried out using the basic principles of landscape science – emergence, cause and effect relationships, history, comparability; methods of analysis, synthesis, modeling, map- ping, GIS-technologies using the software: graphic editors CorelDRAW and Adobe Photoshop, and also open-source network of satellite images Google Earth and other. The notion of road ecozone is considered as a complex ecological structure that is formed and developed over the process of functioning of road landscapes. In more details, we have analyzed the ecozones of modern road landscape-engineer systems M-12 and M-5 which have long been actively operating. Field landscape-science-oriented and ecological studies of ecozones of those RLESs over the period of 2019-2021 made it possible to distinguish and substantiate ten microecozones in their structure. Their specific features are conditioned by specifics of the structure and ecologic condition of previous landscape complexes – the fundamentals of modern RLESs; spatial-temporal specifics of the formation; «linear» spread; dependence on the func- tioning of one type of transport (automobile) and purpose. The features of microecozones are conditioned by land allocated to roads, technical impact, chemical contamination, contamination of soil, aquatic and air contaminations, acoustic and lighting impacts, and esthetic and landscape contaminations. Over the process of further studies, it is possible to distinguish other microecozones, specifically those of biotic and geological impacts, and also uniting certain microecozones into groups. We analyzed one of typical features of road ecozones – their asymmetry. We distinguished and characterized three types of asymmetry of road ecozones – wind-caused, orographic and landscape asymmetries. Not always do their vectors of development coincide. We should note that over the process of functioning of RLTSs and SRLs, there also develop roadside ecozones with respective set of microecozones, though they need additional studies. Further study of ecozones in road landscapes would allow for more thorough planning and forming of their structure, functioning, im- pact on human h","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85373335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Geography and Geology, Vol. 14, No. 2
《地理与地质学报》第14卷第2期审稿人致谢
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Geography and Geology, Vol. 14, No. 2","authors":"Lesley Luo","doi":"10.5539/jgg.v14n2p61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v14n2p61","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Geography and Geology, Vol. 14, No. 2","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85001857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Landforms and well logs document a system of ice-contact and proglacial lakes in the upper Susquehanna valley during Laurentide Ice Sheet retreat from the Appalachian Plateau, central New York State. Recessional moraines formed dams for all lakes, except a newly revealed “Ancestral Goodyear Lake” retained behind an ephemeral ice dam stranded at Colliersville. A prominent dead-ice sink currently occupies the valley floor at the dam site Ancestral Goodyear Lake held a stable lake level at 1360 feet as represented by thick lake sediments perched in water well logs on the valley wall above Goodyear Lake. A deltaic terrace at 1250 feet in the same vicinity marks a second, lower lake strand. In addition, water well logs on the adjacent Portlandville Moraine contain lake sediments bound above and below by ice-contact material deposits thus demonstrating a Laurentide readvance that subsequently dammed the valley to form Glacial Lake Milford as part of the Susquehanna Lake System.
{"title":"Evidence of An Ice-Dammed Lake and Laurentide Readvance Upper Susquehanna Valley, New York State","authors":"P. Fleisher","doi":"10.5539/jgg.v14n2p52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v14n2p52","url":null,"abstract":"Landforms and well logs document a system of ice-contact and proglacial lakes in the upper Susquehanna valley during Laurentide Ice Sheet retreat from the Appalachian Plateau, central New York State. Recessional moraines formed dams for all lakes, except a newly revealed “Ancestral Goodyear Lake” retained behind an ephemeral ice dam stranded at Colliersville. A prominent dead-ice sink currently occupies the valley floor at the dam site \u0000 \u0000Ancestral Goodyear Lake held a stable lake level at 1360 feet as represented by thick lake sediments perched in water well logs on the valley wall above Goodyear Lake. A deltaic terrace at 1250 feet in the same vicinity marks a second, lower lake strand. \u0000 \u0000In addition, water well logs on the adjacent Portlandville Moraine contain lake sediments bound above and below by ice-contact material deposits thus demonstrating a Laurentide readvance that subsequently dammed the valley to form Glacial Lake Milford as part of the Susquehanna Lake System.","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84029925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new and fundamentally different glacial history paradigm (developed by using Missouri River drainage basin topographic map evidence) is tested by using topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence located along and near the northeast Alabama Tennessee River-Gulf of Mexico drainage divide (Tennessee Valley Divide). The new paradigm describes a thick North American continental ice sheet (located where continental ice sheets are usually reported to have been) which was erosive and heavy enough to create and occupy a deep “hole” and which produced massive meltwater floods which first flowed across the deep “hole’s” rising southern rim and which were subsequently forced by deep “hole” rim uplift to flow inside the deep “hole” rim and finally to flow northward into the deep “hole” itself. Northeast Alabama topographic map evidence including divide crossings (low points along drainage divides), barbed tributaries, and other unusual drainage features verify new paradigm predictions that large and prolonged south-oriented floods first flowed across the northeast Alabama Tennessee Valley Divide (which was a segment of the new paradigm’s deep “hole” southern rim) and were subsequently diverted along the rising deep “hole” rim and finally reversed to reach the Mississippi River valley (which became the deep “hole’s” only remaining southern exit) and to form what is today the southwest-, northwest-, and north-oriented Tennessee River.
{"title":"How a New Glacial History Paradigm Explains Northeast Alabama’s Tennessee River-Gulf of Mexico Drainage Divide Area Topographic Map Drainage System Evidence","authors":"E. Clausen","doi":"10.5539/jgg.v14n2p38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v14n2p38","url":null,"abstract":"A new and fundamentally different glacial history paradigm (developed by using Missouri River drainage basin topographic map evidence) is tested by using topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence located along and near the northeast Alabama Tennessee River-Gulf of Mexico drainage divide (Tennessee Valley Divide). The new paradigm describes a thick North American continental ice sheet (located where continental ice sheets are usually reported to have been) which was erosive and heavy enough to create and occupy a deep “hole” and which produced massive meltwater floods which first flowed across the deep “hole’s” rising southern rim and which were subsequently forced by deep “hole” rim uplift to flow inside the deep “hole” rim and finally to flow northward into the deep “hole” itself. Northeast Alabama topographic map evidence including divide crossings (low points along drainage divides), barbed tributaries, and other unusual drainage features verify new paradigm predictions that large and prolonged south-oriented floods first flowed across the northeast Alabama Tennessee Valley Divide (which was a segment of the new paradigm’s deep “hole” southern rim) and were subsequently diverted along the rising deep “hole” rim and finally reversed to reach the Mississippi River valley (which became the deep “hole’s” only remaining southern exit) and to form what is today the southwest-, northwest-, and north-oriented Tennessee River.","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78818770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article focuses on current issues of alternative geothermal heating development, by using low-potential thermal energy of upper aquifers by heat pumping technology. This type of heat supply is sustainable, does not require fossil fuel consumption and does not pollute the environment. In recent years, heat pumping technologies have become common. A lot of heating systems are implemented, using low potential energy in the air, open bodies of water or soil. Although, now, the heat of groundwater in upper aquifers is a more efficient and reliable source of energy for heat pumps. It was tested in this study. The purpose of this study is to impact assessment of the heat regime of the ground upper layers on efficiency of operation of heat pumping units, using groundwater of near-surface horizons. The factors founded, which form the natural heat mode within the studied area, also the correlation established between temperature changes in the horizon and the operation of the heat pump unit, based on the experimental heat pump unit, established by the Institute of Renewable Energy of the National Academy the Sciences of Ukraine. The article presents an experimental hydrothermal heat pump system developed and constructed at the Institute of Renewable Energy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which consists of a heat pump and two wells through which water circulation from the underground horizon to the heat pump. The study describes the characteristics of measuring equipment installed on a hydrothermal heat pump system and described developed an interactive scheduling system based on the software product ESM (Engineering Systems Manager) using the programming language FBD (Function Block Diagram | Continuous Function Chart). This software product was used to create the visual system and archival data system that were obtained in the course of this work. The benefits of this study are that the experimental installation uses the thermal energy of groundwater of the Poltava-Kharkov aquifer as the primary energy source. The interval of the productive horizon is 32-57 m. The groundwater level in the horizon is set at about 40 m. In addition, the air temperature between the pipe space of the observation well and the groundwater temperature in the aquifer are monitored. The duration of regime observations was six months, the frequency of measurements – 5-15 seconds. The monitoring results indicate that despite the fact that the productive horizon is at a depth that significantly exceeds the usual depth of the neutral layer for the territory of Ukraine, the for- mation temperature is not stable and its amplitude is 2 oC. According to the authors, the increase in the depth of the surface of constant annual temperatures may be due to local features of the studied area, namely: increasing the absorption surface of solar radiation due to terrain, the presence of lateral heat inflow, the presence of water-saturated layers in the upper part. Consequ
本文重点介绍了利用热泵技术利用上含水层低势热能进行地热替代采暖开发的现状。这种供热方式是可持续的，不需要消耗化石燃料，也不会污染环境。近年来，热泵技术已经变得普遍。许多供暖系统都是利用空气、开放水体或土壤中的低势能来实现的。虽然，现在，上层含水层的地下水热量是热泵更有效和可靠的能源来源。在这项研究中进行了测试。本研究的目的是评估地面上层的热状态对热泵机组运行效率的影响，利用近地表的地下水。基于乌克兰国家科学院可再生能源研究所建立的实验热泵机组，所建立的因素构成了研究区域内的自然热模式，也建立了地平线温度变化与热泵机组运行之间的相关性。本文介绍了乌克兰国家科学院可再生能源研究所研制和建造的实验水热热泵系统，该系统由一台热泵和两口井组成，水循环从地下地层到热泵。本研究描述了安装在水热热泵系统上的测量设备的特点，并描述了使用编程语言FBD (Function Block Diagram | Continuous Function Chart)开发了一个基于软件产品ESM (Engineering Systems Manager)的交互式调度系统。使用该软件产品创建了本工作过程中获得的视觉系统和档案数据系统。这项研究的好处是，实验装置使用波尔塔瓦-哈尔科夫含水层地下水的热能作为主要能源。生产层距为32 ~ 57 m。地下水位设定在40米左右。此外，还对观测井管道空间间的空气温度与含水层内地下水温度进行了监测。观测周期为6个月，测量频率为5-15秒。监测结果表明，尽管生产层深度明显超过乌克兰境内中性层的通常深度，但地层温度不稳定，其振幅为2℃。作者认为，年恒温地表深度的增加可能是由于研究区域的局部特征，即由于地形的影响，太阳辐射的吸收面增加，侧向热流入的存在，上部存在饱和水层。因此，基于对场地的地质和水文地质条件的分析，以及在安装过程中发生的技术过程，确定了形成上层地球自然温度的主要因素。因此，根据含水层中自然热载体温度的降低来计算装置的能源效率下降百分比。现已确定有必要进行进一步的研究，以评估为能源目的使用含水层对环境的影响，并确保含水层的最佳操作方式，使其尽可能接近其自然状态。
{"title":"Impact of the natural temperature regime of the upper layers of Earth on efficiency of a hydrothermal heat pump system","authors":"O. Zurian, A. A. Barilo","doi":"10.15421/112254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112254","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article focuses on current issues of alternative geothermal heating development, by using low-potential thermal energy of upper aquifers by heat pumping technology. This type of heat supply is sustainable, does not require fossil fuel consumption and does not pollute the environment. In recent years, heat pumping technologies have become common. A lot of heating systems are implemented, using low potential energy in the air, open bodies of water or soil. Although, now, the heat of groundwater in upper aquifers is a more efficient and reliable source of energy for heat pumps. It was tested in this study. The purpose of this study is to impact assessment of the heat regime of the ground upper layers on efficiency of operation of heat pumping units, using groundwater of near-surface horizons. The factors founded, which form the natural heat mode within the studied area, also the correlation established between temperature changes in the horizon and the operation of the heat pump unit, based on the experimental heat pump unit, established by the Institute of Renewable Energy of the National Academy the Sciences of Ukraine. The article presents an experimental hydrothermal heat pump system developed and constructed at the Institute of Renewable Energy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which consists of a heat pump and two wells through which water circulation from the underground horizon to the heat pump. The study describes the characteristics of measuring equipment installed on a hydrothermal heat pump system and described developed an interactive scheduling system based on the software product ESM (Engineering Systems Manager) using the programming language FBD (Function Block Diagram | Continuous Function Chart). This software product was used to create the visual system and archival data system that were obtained in the course of this work. The benefits of this study are that the experimental installation uses the thermal energy of groundwater of the Poltava-Kharkov aquifer as the primary energy source. The interval of the productive horizon is 32-57 m. The groundwater level in the horizon is set at about 40 m. In addition, the air temperature between the pipe space of the observation well and the groundwater temperature in the aquifer are monitored. The duration of regime observations was six months, the frequency of measurements – 5-15 seconds. The monitoring results indicate that despite the fact that the productive horizon is at a depth that significantly exceeds the usual depth of the neutral layer for the territory of Ukraine, the for- mation temperature is not stable and its amplitude is 2 oC. According to the authors, the increase in the depth of the surface of constant annual temperatures may be due to local features of the studied area, namely: increasing the absorption surface of solar radiation due to terrain, the presence of lateral heat inflow, the presence of water-saturated layers in the upper part. Consequ","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87157280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Vysotskyi, Nataliia V. Deviatko, Olha Y. Vysotska
The rise of geographical determinism in the theory and practice of international relations has led to the emergence and сonstitution of a number of scientific spheres that determine decision-making of continental and world significance. The most well-known scientific knowledges in these areas are geopolitics, geoeconomics, and geostrategy. However, the significance of the constitutional role of geographical determinism in the understanding and structure of international relations is not limited only to these systems of knowledge. Due to the use of geographical determinism technologies, state actors get additional opportunities to win the competition for the priority implementation of national interests in the international arena. Therefore, the de- velopment of the theory of technologies of geographical determinism is an attempt, firstly, to integrate particular theories of international relations based on geographical determinism, within the framework of a broad perspective of a universalizing vision, and secondly, to rethink international relations simultaneously based on geographical determinism and a technological approach. Increasing responsibility in the field of decision-making on the world stage in the context of new security challenges gives special importance to the develop- ment of the theory of technologies of geographical determinism. This theory provides a large scale for critical theoretical and practical understanding of international relations in the modern world, rehabilitates geography as a factor context of social relations in political and economic dimensions on the world stage, allows you to think and act geographically and technologically, that is, contextually and effectively. Geographical determinism is as multifaceted as the spaces in which international relations operate are heterogeneous. Technologies can strengthen or weaken it. Each state seeks to use geographical determinism to its advantage with the help of technologies and at the same time neutralize its negative impact on the implementation of national interests on the world stage. Technologies enable states to act effectively to achieve their goals. However, only taking into account geographical determinism this strategy can be effec- tive and guarantee a secure future. Authors argue that Russia’s neoimperialist geoeconomic technologies with an emphasis on energy carriers and underestimation of the importance of geographical determinism by European governments have created unprecedented problems for European countries in the field of energy and economic security. The theory of technologies of geographical determinism in international relations allowed authors to identify a number of technologies that have shown their efficiency in various geographical dimensions. They distinguish these technologies based on the specifics of various types of spaces as environments for deploying effective activities to realize the national interests of states in the internati
{"title":"Theory of technologies of geographical determinism in international relations","authors":"O. Vysotskyi, Nataliia V. Deviatko, Olha Y. Vysotska","doi":"10.15421/112252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112252","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The rise of geographical determinism in the theory and practice of international relations has led to the emergence and сonstitution of a number of scientific spheres that determine decision-making of continental and world significance. The most well-known scientific knowledges in these areas are geopolitics, geoeconomics, and geostrategy. However, the significance of the constitutional role of geographical determinism in the understanding and structure of international relations is not limited only to these systems of knowledge. Due to the use of geographical determinism technologies, state actors get additional opportunities to win the competition for the priority implementation of national interests in the international arena. Therefore, the de- velopment of the theory of technologies of geographical determinism is an attempt, firstly, to integrate particular theories of international relations based on geographical determinism, within the framework of a broad perspective of a universalizing vision, and secondly, to rethink international relations simultaneously based on geographical determinism and a technological approach. Increasing responsibility in the field of decision-making on the world stage in the context of new security challenges gives special importance to the develop- ment of the theory of technologies of geographical determinism. This theory provides a large scale for critical theoretical and practical understanding of international relations in the modern world, rehabilitates geography as a factor context of social relations in political and economic dimensions on the world stage, allows you to think and act geographically and technologically, that is, contextually and effectively. Geographical determinism is as multifaceted as the spaces in which international relations operate are heterogeneous. Technologies can strengthen or weaken it. Each state seeks to use geographical determinism to its advantage with the help of technologies and at the same time neutralize its negative impact on the implementation of national interests on the world stage. Technologies enable states to act effectively to achieve their goals. However, only taking into account geographical determinism this strategy can be effec- tive and guarantee a secure future. Authors argue that Russia’s neoimperialist geoeconomic technologies with an emphasis on energy carriers and underestimation of the importance of geographical determinism by European governments have created unprecedented problems for European countries in the field of energy and economic security. The theory of technologies of geographical determinism in international relations allowed authors to identify a number of technologies that have shown their efficiency in various geographical dimensions. They distinguish these technologies based on the specifics of various types of spaces as environments for deploying effective activities to realize the national interests of states in the internati","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79996881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In modern times, the efficient use of mineral waters is evaluated as a source bringing income for states in several world countries. This is because the efficient use of the mineral waters may bring an influx of tourists, which in turn lead to at least a partial reduction of the unemployment challenges and the expansion of the activities of catering establishments. Undoubtedly, mineral water contains dissolved salts, microelements, as well as some biologically active components, which have a therapeutic effect on the human body. These waters can be applied for drinking and for treatment, taking baths, bathing in the pools, inhalation and rinsing (in diseases of the upper respiratory tract), and washing the intestines (in diseases of the digestive system and metabolic disorders), as well as in gynecological diseases. It can be noted that when the amount of the active substances in mineral water is relatively lower, they are used as drinking water whereas when the amount of these substances is higher, they are used in the medical treatment of various diseases. There are also medical drinking waters, which should be used only for a certain period of time according to the doctor’s instruction and with a prescription. Regardless of having rich mineral water resources in Azerbaijan, only a small part of them is used. At the present moment, in order to develop medical tourism in Azerbaijan, the state has done certain work, sanatoriums, rest houses, boarding houses, balneological-treatment centers, resort polyclinics, rehabilitation centers and others are restored or new ones are built. However, these works are not carried out in a comprehensive manner and are fragmented. In this respect, in the presented article, the therapeutic-health importance of mineral waters, their physical, chemical and other properties, temperature indicators, classification, and their balneological-therapeutic properties were provided, and a map of mineral water re- sources of Azerbaijan is drawn up. In addition to these, the article provides extensive information about mineral waters such as Galaalti, Badamli, Sirab, Daridagh, Slavyanka, Istisu, Surakhani, Bilgah, Gotursu, Khaltan and others, which are major therapeutic and health importance in Azerbaijan, and it was elucidated that they can continuously lead to health tourism and socio-economic development by determining their potential opportunities.
{"title":"Physical-chemical and treatment peculiarities of Azerbaijan mineral waters and their use in health tourism","authors":"Zeynalova Kamala Zeynal","doi":"10.15421/112253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/112253","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000In modern times, the efficient use of mineral waters is evaluated as a source bringing income for states in several world countries. This is because the efficient use of the mineral waters may bring an influx of tourists, which in turn lead to at least a partial reduction of the unemployment challenges and the expansion of the activities of catering establishments. Undoubtedly, mineral water contains dissolved salts, microelements, as well as some biologically active components, which have a therapeutic effect on the human body. These waters can be applied for drinking and for treatment, taking baths, bathing in the pools, inhalation and rinsing (in diseases of the upper respiratory tract), and washing the intestines (in diseases of the digestive system and metabolic disorders), as well as in gynecological diseases. It can be noted that when the amount of the active substances in mineral water is relatively lower, they are used as drinking water whereas when the amount of these substances is higher, they are used in the medical treatment of various diseases. There are also medical drinking waters, which should be used only for a certain period of time according to the doctor’s instruction and with a prescription. Regardless of having rich mineral water resources in Azerbaijan, only a small part of them is used. At the present moment, in order to develop medical tourism in Azerbaijan, the state has done certain work, sanatoriums, rest houses, boarding houses, balneological-treatment centers, resort polyclinics, rehabilitation centers and others are restored or new ones are built. However, these works are not carried out in a comprehensive manner and are fragmented. In this respect, in the presented article, the therapeutic-health importance of mineral waters, their physical, chemical and other properties, temperature indicators, classification, and their balneological-therapeutic properties were provided, and a map of mineral water re- sources of Azerbaijan is drawn up. In addition to these, the article provides extensive information about mineral waters such as Galaalti, Badamli, Sirab, Daridagh, Slavyanka, Istisu, Surakhani, Bilgah, Gotursu, Khaltan and others, which are major therapeutic and health importance in Azerbaijan, and it was elucidated that they can continuously lead to health tourism and socio-economic development by determining their potential opportunities. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":42282,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76179567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：