Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170503.12
N. S. Poursalavati
The purpose of this paper is making a construction and generalization of Molaei’s generalized groups by using construction of the Rees matrix semigroup over a polygroup H and a matrix with entries in H . We call it “Molaei’s generalized hypergroups” and we give some examples.
{"title":"On the Construction of Molaei’s Generalized Hypergroups","authors":"N. S. Poursalavati","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170503.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170503.12","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is making a construction and generalization of Molaei’s generalized groups by using construction of the Rees matrix semigroup over a polygroup H and a matrix with entries in H . We call it “Molaei’s generalized hypergroups” and we give some examples.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129346285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-17DOI: 10.11648/j.sjams.20170503.11
M. Nurujjaman, Ahammad Hossain, P. Ahmed
In this article, we will discuss some spectacularly beautiful images known as Fractals such as Sierpinski Triangle, Koch Curve, Dragon Curve, Koch Island, H Fractal, The Levy Curve Fractal, Box Fractal etc. We will investigate and calculate the area, perimeter and self-similar dimension of fractals. Observing the results we see some similarities about the said properties for some fractals those are generated by particular method. Our attention is restricted to find the mathematical behavior of Fractals so that we can establish mathematical formulas concerning the fractals.
{"title":"A Review of Fractals Properties: Mathematical Approach","authors":"M. Nurujjaman, Ahammad Hossain, P. Ahmed","doi":"10.11648/j.sjams.20170503.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjams.20170503.11","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we will discuss some spectacularly beautiful images known as Fractals such as Sierpinski Triangle, Koch Curve, Dragon Curve, Koch Island, H Fractal, The Levy Curve Fractal, Box Fractal etc. We will investigate and calculate the area, perimeter and self-similar dimension of fractals. Observing the results we see some similarities about the said properties for some fractals those are generated by particular method. Our attention is restricted to find the mathematical behavior of Fractals so that we can establish mathematical formulas concerning the fractals.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121938958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-29DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.15
Yang Bai, B. Wan, Yiyi Jiang, Jie Yan, Chonggao Liu
With the increasing aging problem, house-for-pension program is attracting more and more people’s attention in China. As an important financial tool, reverse mortgage has been developed quite well in a number of developed countries across the globe. Therefore, with reference to the developed countries, it could be convenient and effective way to learn these mature and valuable experiences to develop old-age care products and systems which accord with the situation of China. The key of the practice of reverse mortgage relies on its pricing. The article therefore emphasizes on the pricing of reverse mortgage to research and expound. This paper tries to use a hybrid model to make a relatively comprehensive introduction of the product mix, pricing principle and the risk control of housing reverse mortgage. The potential issues that may confront during the course are discussed for future implementation.
{"title":"Pricing Model of Reverse Mortgage in China","authors":"Yang Bai, B. Wan, Yiyi Jiang, Jie Yan, Chonggao Liu","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.15","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing aging problem, house-for-pension program is attracting more and more people’s attention in China. As an important financial tool, reverse mortgage has been developed quite well in a number of developed countries across the globe. Therefore, with reference to the developed countries, it could be convenient and effective way to learn these mature and valuable experiences to develop old-age care products and systems which accord with the situation of China. The key of the practice of reverse mortgage relies on its pricing. The article therefore emphasizes on the pricing of reverse mortgage to research and expound. This paper tries to use a hybrid model to make a relatively comprehensive introduction of the product mix, pricing principle and the risk control of housing reverse mortgage. The potential issues that may confront during the course are discussed for future implementation.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132743525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-22DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.14
Nibret Alene Bemanjo, Dawit Daniel Dando
Although Ethiopia is a young country with 46 per cent of the population under the age of 14, over five per cent of the 81 million Ethiopians are aged 60 years or more. This proportion of older persons is anticipated to nearly double to nine per cent by 2050. There are several factors that could hinder old people access to food such as income, health status, household size, disability and others (HAIE, 2011). This objective of this study was to assess the old people access to food and its determinants in Dire Dawa city. Total samples of 947 old people were taken by using cluster sampling over proportional allocation to each kebele. Quantitative and qualitative data has been collected from aged persons in Dawit Aid for Aged persons Association, Asegedech Association and other appropriate enumeration areas. The descriptive analysis resulted that 72.76% were members of the associations. Most (74.3%) members of the organization have medium and above food access. Additionally their life have been improved in terms of obtaining medical, clothing and counseling service after they joined the organizations. The ordinal logistic regression identified income source, occupation, owning a house and type of membership organization as determinants of daily food access for the elderly.
{"title":"Determinants of Food Access of Old People in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia: An Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis","authors":"Nibret Alene Bemanjo, Dawit Daniel Dando","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.14","url":null,"abstract":"Although Ethiopia is a young country with 46 per cent of the population under the age of 14, over five per cent of the 81 million Ethiopians are aged 60 years or more. This proportion of older persons is anticipated to nearly double to nine per cent by 2050. There are several factors that could hinder old people access to food such as income, health status, household size, disability and others (HAIE, 2011). This objective of this study was to assess the old people access to food and its determinants in Dire Dawa city. Total samples of 947 old people were taken by using cluster sampling over proportional allocation to each kebele. Quantitative and qualitative data has been collected from aged persons in Dawit Aid for Aged persons Association, Asegedech Association and other appropriate enumeration areas. The descriptive analysis resulted that 72.76% were members of the associations. Most (74.3%) members of the organization have medium and above food access. Additionally their life have been improved in terms of obtaining medical, clothing and counseling service after they joined the organizations. The ordinal logistic regression identified income source, occupation, owning a house and type of membership organization as determinants of daily food access for the elderly.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123507663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-15DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.13
N. Vinh
In this article we propose a method of using the extended Kalman filter combined with an inertial navigation system and a camera to assist in determining the location and calculate the parameters of a helicopter. These observations are combined with an inertial measurement instrument which uses the Kalman filter to collect accurately and promptly information about the location of a plane. The algorithms is simulated on Simulink and hardened by using dsPIC33F256 chip.
{"title":"Combination of an Inertial Measurement Unit and a Camera for Defining the Position of an Airplane","authors":"N. Vinh","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.13","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we propose a method of using the extended Kalman filter combined with an inertial navigation system and a camera to assist in determining the location and calculate the parameters of a helicopter. These observations are combined with an inertial measurement instrument which uses the Kalman filter to collect accurately and promptly information about the location of a plane. The algorithms is simulated on Simulink and hardened by using dsPIC33F256 chip.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129945934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The analysis of survey data becomes difficult in the presence of missing data. By the use of Least Squares and Stein Rule method, estimator for the parameters of interest can be obtained. In this study, proposed convoluted Weighted Least Squares and Stein Rule method is compared with some existing techniques where the data is considered missing completely at random (MCAR). The results show that other techniques are occasionally useful in estimating most of the parameter, but proposed (LSSR) technique perform better regardless of the percentage of the missing data under MCAR assumption.
{"title":"Estimation of Missing Data Using Convoluted Weighted Method in Nigeria Household Survey","authors":"Faweya Olanrewaju, Amahia Godwin Nwanzu, Adeniran Adefemi Tajudeen","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.12","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of survey data becomes difficult in the presence of missing data. By the use of Least Squares and Stein Rule method, estimator for the parameters of interest can be obtained. In this study, proposed convoluted Weighted Least Squares and Stein Rule method is compared with some existing techniques where the data is considered missing completely at random (MCAR). The results show that other techniques are occasionally useful in estimating most of the parameter, but proposed (LSSR) technique perform better regardless of the percentage of the missing data under MCAR assumption.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121064717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-06DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.11
M. Rana, Ayesha Meherun Nessa
This study is concerned with riverbank erosion and population migration which has more impact on Bangladesh. The study is highly subject to riverbank erosion. Origin and Destination survey method are used for finding population migration and resettlement pattern and tracking population migration and resettlement. Riverbank erosion is causing socio-economic and environmental problems in Bangladesh. Different research had identified that people who suffered from riverbank erosion ended up as landless migrated people and this migration is a major contributory factor to recurrent poverty in Bangladesh. The study was found that two-third people migrate permanently one union to another union because they get support from their neighbors, relatives, friends and they also stay here due to low living cost comparatively another area. There are no specific policies to rehabilitate the erosion-hit people. Thus, it is time to formulate policies to address prevention of riverbank erosion as well as to rehabilitate the river-erosion migrants.
{"title":"Impact of Riverbank Erosion on Population Migration and Resettlement of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Rana, Ayesha Meherun Nessa","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170502.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study is concerned with riverbank erosion and population migration which has more impact on Bangladesh. The study is highly subject to riverbank erosion. Origin and Destination survey method are used for finding population migration and resettlement pattern and tracking population migration and resettlement. Riverbank erosion is causing socio-economic and environmental problems in Bangladesh. Different research had identified that people who suffered from riverbank erosion ended up as landless migrated people and this migration is a major contributory factor to recurrent poverty in Bangladesh. The study was found that two-third people migrate permanently one union to another union because they get support from their neighbors, relatives, friends and they also stay here due to low living cost comparatively another area. There are no specific policies to rehabilitate the erosion-hit people. Thus, it is time to formulate policies to address prevention of riverbank erosion as well as to rehabilitate the river-erosion migrants.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131734121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170501.18
M. A. Rahman, S. M. M. Kamal, M. Billah
Rainfall is one of the most common natural disasters in Bangladesh which rigorously affect agro-based economy and people’s livelihood in almost every year. The main objective of this study is to examine the variation, prediction and trend of rainfall in Bangladesh. The data for this study have been extracted from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). Data used in this study were collected from 31 rain gauge stations located in different parts of the country for a period of 40 years (1975-2014). Linear regression model is used to understand the variation, trend and prediction of rainfall for annual and various climatic seasons such as pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter. We also estimated mean rainfall with standard deviation of pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter. Finding reveals that, the trends of mean rainfall of annual, pre-monsoon and winter have decreased, whereas rainfall remained unchanged in monsoon season and has increased in post-monsoon. Data predicts lesser rainfall in the period 1975, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2004, 2009, 2012, 2013 and 2014 years. These results indicate lesser precipitation in future over Bangladesh. The predicted rainfall amount from the best fitted model was compared with the observed data. The predicted values show reasonably good result. Thus the model can be used for future rainfall prediction. It is expected that this long term prediction will help the decision makers in efficient scheduling of flood prediction, urban planning, and rainwater harvesting and crop management. Classification of rainfalls in a systematic way is therefore critical in order to take necessary actions toward drought mitigation and sustainable development.
{"title":"Prediction and Trends of Rainfall Variability over Bangladesh","authors":"M. A. Rahman, S. M. M. Kamal, M. Billah","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170501.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170501.18","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall is one of the most common natural disasters in Bangladesh which rigorously affect agro-based economy and people’s livelihood in almost every year. The main objective of this study is to examine the variation, prediction and trend of rainfall in Bangladesh. The data for this study have been extracted from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). Data used in this study were collected from 31 rain gauge stations located in different parts of the country for a period of 40 years (1975-2014). Linear regression model is used to understand the variation, trend and prediction of rainfall for annual and various climatic seasons such as pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter. We also estimated mean rainfall with standard deviation of pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter. Finding reveals that, the trends of mean rainfall of annual, pre-monsoon and winter have decreased, whereas rainfall remained unchanged in monsoon season and has increased in post-monsoon. Data predicts lesser rainfall in the period 1975, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2004, 2009, 2012, 2013 and 2014 years. These results indicate lesser precipitation in future over Bangladesh. The predicted rainfall amount from the best fitted model was compared with the observed data. The predicted values show reasonably good result. Thus the model can be used for future rainfall prediction. It is expected that this long term prediction will help the decision makers in efficient scheduling of flood prediction, urban planning, and rainwater harvesting and crop management. Classification of rainfalls in a systematic way is therefore critical in order to take necessary actions toward drought mitigation and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124651270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-27DOI: 10.11648/j.sjams.20170501.17
A. David
The A t-design is a generation of balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) where λ is not restricted to the blocks in which a pair of treatments occurs but to the number of blocks in which any t treatments (t = 2,3…) occurs. The problem of finding all parameters (t, v, k, λt) for which t-(v, k, λt) design exists is a long standing unsolved problem especially with λ=1 (Steiner System) as no Steiner t-designs are known for t ≥ 6 when v > k. In this study t-design is constructed by relating known BIB designs, combinatorial designs and algebraic structures with t-designs. Additionally, an alternative approach for the construction of t-designs that provides a unified framework is also presented.
{"title":"Construction of Some Resolvable t -designs","authors":"A. David","doi":"10.11648/j.sjams.20170501.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjams.20170501.17","url":null,"abstract":"The A t-design is a generation of balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) where λ is not restricted to the blocks in which a pair of treatments occurs but to the number of blocks in which any t treatments (t = 2,3…) occurs. The problem of finding all parameters (t, v, k, λt) for which t-(v, k, λt) design exists is a long standing unsolved problem especially with λ=1 (Steiner System) as no Steiner t-designs are known for t ≥ 6 when v > k. In this study t-design is constructed by relating known BIB designs, combinatorial designs and algebraic structures with t-designs. Additionally, an alternative approach for the construction of t-designs that provides a unified framework is also presented.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127874847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-24DOI: 10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170501.16
Silas Memory Madondo
A study on American Statistical Association (ASA) policy statement on statistical significance testing and p-value of 2016 was carried out in Tanzania. The purpose of the study was to explore the feelings and reactions of university statistics tutors towards the American Statistical Association policy statement on statistical significance testing and p-value of 2016. A sample of 9 statistics tutors from different disciplines were selected from public and private universities via heterogeneous purposive sampling to participate in the study. Respondents had mixed feelings towards ASA policy statement of 2016. The ASA policy statement was criticized for being shallow in depth, subjective and failing to answer the core problems raised against the use of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) and p-value. The ASA policy statement was dismissed as a non event with nothing new to offer. However, despite being shallow, the ASA policy on NHST and p-value is likely to trigger a health debate on the shortfalls of NHST and p-value and the debate will eventually lead to a breakthrough.
{"title":"The American Statistical Association (ASA) Statement of 2016 on Statistical Significance and P-value: A Critical Thought","authors":"Silas Memory Madondo","doi":"10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170501.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SJAMS.20170501.16","url":null,"abstract":"A study on American Statistical Association (ASA) policy statement on statistical significance testing and p-value of 2016 was carried out in Tanzania. The purpose of the study was to explore the feelings and reactions of university statistics tutors towards the American Statistical Association policy statement on statistical significance testing and p-value of 2016. A sample of 9 statistics tutors from different disciplines were selected from public and private universities via heterogeneous purposive sampling to participate in the study. Respondents had mixed feelings towards ASA policy statement of 2016. The ASA policy statement was criticized for being shallow in depth, subjective and failing to answer the core problems raised against the use of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) and p-value. The ASA policy statement was dismissed as a non event with nothing new to offer. However, despite being shallow, the ASA policy on NHST and p-value is likely to trigger a health debate on the shortfalls of NHST and p-value and the debate will eventually lead to a breakthrough.","PeriodicalId":422938,"journal":{"name":"Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130950280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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