Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-8
О. Sydorchuk
Purpose. Production of steel with controlled austenitic transformation during operation of the 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 grade (without forging treatment) using the technology of electroslag remelting and establishing optimal modes of heat treatment (annealing, quenching and tempering). Production of tools (matrices) from 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 steel (without forging treatment) for hot deformation of aluminum alloy at operating temperatures below the critical point A1. Research methods. Metallographic analysis of experimental die steels 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 (without forging treatment) and forged 4Х5МФ1С: study of metal structure; determination of specific resistance; determination of tensile strength; determination of hardness and impact strength. Results. The results of research on the optimization of heat treatment modes (quenching and tempering) of 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 steel (without forging treatment) are given. Adjusted chemical composition (4Х4Н5М4Ф2) and optimized mode of heat treatment of steel, which allowed to increase heat resistance up to a temperature of 650 °С. The tempering temperature of steel (475±25 °С) at which irreversible temper brittleness occurs is established. Experimental and industrial tests of steel 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 (without forging treatment) for hot deformation of AK7ч aluminum alloy are presented. It is shown that compared to forged steel H13 (an analogue of 4Х5МФ1С), which is used at one of the Chinese enterprises, the experimental steel has practically the same resistance . Scientific novelty. In the process of partial recrystallization (incomplete annealing at a temperature of 750±20 °C) of 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 steel (without forging treatment), a spheroidized carbide component is formed, which leads to an improvement in the mechanical processing of the workpiece for the manufacture of matrices. Practical value. The possibility of using steel with an adjustable austenitic transformation during operation of the 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 grade (without forging treatment) is shown for a wide range of operating temperatures of hot deformation: copper-nickel (at an operating temperature above the critical point A3) and aluminum alloy (at an operating temperature below the critical point A1) with increased service life compared to forged steel 4Х5МФ1С.
{"title":"DIE STEEL 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 (WITHOUT FORGING TREATMENT) FOR HOT DEFORMATION OF ALUMINUM ALLOY","authors":"О. Sydorchuk","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-8","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Production of steel with controlled austenitic transformation during operation of the 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 grade (without forging treatment) using the technology of electroslag remelting and establishing optimal modes of heat treatment (annealing, quenching and tempering). Production of tools (matrices) from 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 steel (without forging treatment) for hot deformation of aluminum alloy at operating temperatures below the critical point A1. \u0000Research methods. Metallographic analysis of experimental die steels 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 (without forging treatment) and forged 4Х5МФ1С: study of metal structure; determination of specific resistance; determination of tensile strength; determination of hardness and impact strength. \u0000Results. The results of research on the optimization of heat treatment modes (quenching and tempering) of 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 steel (without forging treatment) are given. Adjusted chemical composition (4Х4Н5М4Ф2) and optimized mode of heat treatment of steel, which allowed to increase heat resistance up to a temperature of 650 °С. The tempering temperature of steel (475±25 °С) at which irreversible temper brittleness occurs is established. Experimental and industrial tests of steel 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 (without forging treatment) for hot deformation of AK7ч aluminum alloy are presented. It is shown that compared to forged steel H13 (an analogue of 4Х5МФ1С), which is used at one of the Chinese enterprises, the experimental steel has practically the same resistance . \u0000Scientific novelty. In the process of partial recrystallization (incomplete annealing at a temperature of 750±20 °C) of 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 steel (without forging treatment), a spheroidized carbide component is formed, which leads to an improvement in the mechanical processing of the workpiece for the manufacture of matrices. \u0000Practical value. The possibility of using steel with an adjustable austenitic transformation during operation of the 4Х4Н5М4Ф2 grade (without forging treatment) is shown for a wide range of operating temperatures of hot deformation: copper-nickel (at an operating temperature above the critical point A3) and aluminum alloy (at an operating temperature below the critical point A1) with increased service life compared to forged steel 4Х5МФ1С.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126930202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-14
О. Mityaev, I. Volchok, R. Frolov, V. Povzlo, О. Petrashov
Мітяєв О. А. д-р техн. наук, професор, завідувач кафедри композиційних матеріалів, хімії та технологій Національного університету «Запорізька політехніка», м. Запоріжжя, Україна, e-mail: mityaev@zp.edu.ua; Волчок І. П. д-р техн. наук, професор, професор кафедри композиційних матеріалів, хімії та технологій Національного університету «Запорізька політехніка», м. Запоріжжя, Україна, e-mail: volchok@zp.edu.ua;
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF SECONDARY SILUMIN AK12M2MGH BY NANO-MODIFICATION","authors":"О. Mityaev, I. Volchok, R. Frolov, V. Povzlo, О. Petrashov","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-14","url":null,"abstract":"Мітяєв О. А. д-р техн. наук, професор, завідувач кафедри композиційних матеріалів, хімії та технологій Національного університету «Запорізька політехніка», м. Запоріжжя, Україна, e-mail: mityaev@zp.edu.ua; Волчок І. П. д-р техн. наук, професор, професор кафедри композиційних матеріалів, хімії та технологій Національного університету «Запорізька політехніка», м. Запоріжжя, Україна, e-mail: volchok@zp.edu.ua;","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122339241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-3
V. Ol’shanetskii, L. Stepanova, Yu. Kononenko, А. Skrebtsov
Purpose. Proof of the reality of the effect of displacement of some microadditives from the internal boundaries of the grains into their internal volumes for reasons of purely thermodynamic concepts. Research methods. The initial data were specially selected chemical compositions of model alloys based on high-purity nickel and iron, which are microalloyed with yttrium, lanthanum, zirconium and rhenium. The choice of nickel and iron as the basis for the alloys under study is due to the fact that they are the base for a large group of industrial alloys (heat-resistant nickel materials and a wide range of steels for various purposes). The lattice parameters of nickel and iron were determined using an improved DRON-1 type diffractometer in copper (nickel alloys) and iron (iron alloys) X-ray radiation with monochromatization of diffracted beams. The lattice parameters were determined, respectively, using the (420)a and (220)a lines, respectively, for nickel and iron alloys. Results. During recrystallization, migrating grain boundaries in nickel and iron retain impurity atoms and still partially “sweep” them out of the grain volume. The thickening of the boundary zones (that is, their "loosening") prevents the possibility of supersaturation of the interfaces with microalloying impurities. The effect of significant displacement of some microalloying elements (zirconium and rhenium) deep into the grains of the matrix phases (nickel and iron) has been established. It has been found that such microalloying elements as lanthanum (cerium) and yttrium have the most effective influence on the strength characteristics of the studied metallic materials. Scientific novelty. Graphs of changes in the chemical composition of microalloyed basic solutions (nickel and iron) are plotted while maintaining the fine structure of grain boundaries. If they are loosened, this crowding out effect disappears. Practical value. Since the effect of microalloying (as shown in the presented works) significantly affects the strength characteristics of materials, the results of the study showed which of the selected microalloying elements act most effectively in this direction.
{"title":"ON THE INTERACTION OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS WITH GRAIN BOUNDARIES OF HIGH-PURITY NICKEL AND IRON","authors":"V. Ol’shanetskii, L. Stepanova, Yu. Kononenko, А. Skrebtsov","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Proof of the reality of the effect of displacement of some microadditives from the internal boundaries of the grains into their internal volumes for reasons of purely thermodynamic concepts. \u0000Research methods. The initial data were specially selected chemical compositions of model alloys based on high-purity nickel and iron, which are microalloyed with yttrium, lanthanum, zirconium and rhenium. The choice of nickel and iron as the basis for the alloys under study is due to the fact that they are the base for a large group of industrial alloys (heat-resistant nickel materials and a wide range of steels for various purposes). \u0000The lattice parameters of nickel and iron were determined using an improved DRON-1 type diffractometer in copper (nickel alloys) and iron (iron alloys) X-ray radiation with monochromatization of diffracted beams. The lattice parameters were determined, respectively, using the (420)a and (220)a lines, respectively, for nickel and iron alloys. \u0000Results. During recrystallization, migrating grain boundaries in nickel and iron retain impurity atoms and still partially “sweep” them out of the grain volume. The thickening of the boundary zones (that is, their \"loosening\") prevents the possibility of supersaturation of the interfaces with microalloying impurities. \u0000The effect of significant displacement of some microalloying elements (zirconium and rhenium) deep into the grains of the matrix phases (nickel and iron) has been established. \u0000It has been found that such microalloying elements as lanthanum (cerium) and yttrium have the most effective influence on the strength characteristics of the studied metallic materials. \u0000Scientific novelty. Graphs of changes in the chemical composition of microalloyed basic solutions (nickel and iron) are plotted while maintaining the fine structure of grain boundaries. If they are loosened, this crowding out effect disappears. \u0000Practical value. Since the effect of microalloying (as shown in the presented works) significantly affects the strength characteristics of materials, the results of the study showed which of the selected microalloying elements act most effectively in this direction. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123475449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-11
О. Shorinov, S. Polyvianyi
Purpose. To calculate the temperature and velocity of nickel and aluminum oxide particles in the supersonic flow in the low-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying nozzle. To investigate the effect of gas parameters at the nozzle inlet, in particular temperature and pressure, on the velocity and temperature of particles at the nozzle outlet. Research methods. The calculation of the temperature-velocity characteristics of the powder particles is performed after determining the parameters of the gas flow in the supersonic nozzle channel using well known gas-dynamic dependencies. The initial data for the calculation are the following: the geometry of the nozzle, the temperature and pressure of the gas (air) at the nozzle inlet. The density of the material from which particles are obtained, as well as their diameter, were taken into account in the calculation of the energy parameters. Nickel particles with a diameter of 25 µm and aluminum oxide particles with a diameter of 22 µm were used. Results. Based on the calculations results, graphs of changes in the velocities and temperatures of the particles of the investigated powders, as well as working gas, in the channel of the low-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying supersonic nozzle were developed. The dependences of the temperature-velocity parameters of the particles at the nozzle exit in the range of initial values of temperature at the nozzle inlet from 300 to 600 C° and pressure from 0.6 to 1.0 MPa were also developed. Scientific novelty. The influence of the initial parameters of the gas at the nozzle inlet in a wide range of values on the temperature and velocity of nickel and aluminum oxide particles during the low-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying is shown. Practical value. The obtained results can be used to determine rational spraying parameters in the development of technological processes of deposition of protective and restorative coatings from Ni+Al2O3 powder mixture.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF ENERGY PARAMETERS OF Ni+Al2O3 POWDER PARTICLES IN A SUPERSONIC NOZZLE DURING COLD GAS-DYNAMIC SPRAYING USING THE ANALYTICAL METHOD","authors":"О. Shorinov, S. Polyvianyi","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-11","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To calculate the temperature and velocity of nickel and aluminum oxide particles in the supersonic flow in the low-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying nozzle. To investigate the effect of gas parameters at the nozzle inlet, in particular temperature and pressure, on the velocity and temperature of particles at the nozzle outlet. \u0000Research methods. The calculation of the temperature-velocity characteristics of the powder particles is performed after determining the parameters of the gas flow in the supersonic nozzle channel using well known gas-dynamic dependencies. The initial data for the calculation are the following: the geometry of the nozzle, the temperature and pressure of the gas (air) at the nozzle inlet. The density of the material from which particles are obtained, as well as their diameter, were taken into account in the calculation of the energy parameters. Nickel particles with a diameter of 25 µm and aluminum oxide particles with a diameter of 22 µm were used. \u0000Results. Based on the calculations results, graphs of changes in the velocities and temperatures of the particles of the investigated powders, as well as working gas, in the channel of the low-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying supersonic nozzle were developed. The dependences of the temperature-velocity parameters of the particles at the nozzle exit in the range of initial values of temperature at the nozzle inlet from 300 to 600 C° and pressure from 0.6 to 1.0 MPa were also developed. \u0000Scientific novelty. The influence of the initial parameters of the gas at the nozzle inlet in a wide range of values on the temperature and velocity of nickel and aluminum oxide particles during the low-pressure cold gas-dynamic spraying is shown. \u0000Practical value. The obtained results can be used to determine rational spraying parameters in the development of technological processes of deposition of protective and restorative coatings from Ni+Al2O3 powder mixture.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121684629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-12
S. Dyadya, О. Kozlova, E. Kushnir, D. Karamushka
Purpose. Study of oscillations that occur during end-milling and their influence on the formation of the processed surface. Research methods. The research was carried out using the experimental method, in which oscillograms of part oscillations were recorded with the allocation of cutting time during milling. Basic fragments of oscillograms were studied using the analytical method, on which the parameters characterizing the milling process were measured, and their relationship with the processed surface was determined. Results. When milling with low spindle rotation frequencies, with down and up direction of feed, the part is affected by various types of oscillations, which are characteristic of the first and second speed zones of oscillations. During up and down end-milling, only forced oscillations operate in the first high-speed oscillation zone. In the second speed zone during up milling, the accompanying natural vibrations of the technological system are superimposed on the forced oscillations. It has been experimentally and analytically proven that the resulting deviation from the position of elastic equilibrium of the first wave of the accompanying oscillations affects the pitch and height of the waviness of the processed surface, which confirms the connection between the dynamics of end-milling and shaping. Scientific novelty. The impact of accompanying free oscillations of the technological system during cutting on the formation of the processed surface is evaluated using parameters characterizing the dynamics of end-milling. Practical value. The obtained results prove the influence of the cutting speed on the amplitude of the accompanying free oscillations of the technological system and provide an opportunity to choose cutting modes that ensure vibration stability of milling.
{"title":"RESEARCH OF OSCILLATIONS DURING END-MILLING AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF THE MACHINED SURFACE","authors":"S. Dyadya, О. Kozlova, E. Kushnir, D. Karamushka","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Study of oscillations that occur during end-milling and their influence on the formation of the processed surface. \u0000Research methods. The research was carried out using the experimental method, in which oscillograms of part oscillations were recorded with the allocation of cutting time during milling. Basic fragments of oscillograms were studied using the analytical method, on which the parameters characterizing the milling process were measured, and their relationship with the processed surface was determined. \u0000Results. When milling with low spindle rotation frequencies, with down and up direction of feed, the part is affected by various types of oscillations, which are characteristic of the first and second speed zones of oscillations. During up and down end-milling, only forced oscillations operate in the first high-speed oscillation zone. In the second speed zone during up milling, the accompanying natural vibrations of the technological system are superimposed on the forced oscillations. It has been experimentally and analytically proven that the resulting deviation from the position of elastic equilibrium of the first wave of the accompanying oscillations affects the pitch and height of the waviness of the processed surface, which confirms the connection between the dynamics of end-milling and shaping. \u0000Scientific novelty. The impact of accompanying free oscillations of the technological system during cutting on the formation of the processed surface is evaluated using parameters characterizing the dynamics of end-milling. \u0000Practical value. The obtained results prove the influence of the cutting speed on the amplitude of the accompanying free oscillations of the technological system and provide an opportunity to choose cutting modes that ensure vibration stability of milling.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124812167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-16
V. Ivanov, M. Matveishyn, V. Kargynov, V. Kudin
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF PYROLYTIC CARBON CONTENT IN COAL AND OVER-BOUNDARY ADDITIVES IN SAND-CLAY MIXTURE","authors":"V. Ivanov, M. Matveishyn, V. Kargynov, V. Kudin","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116479362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-2
V. Netrebko
Purpose. Increasing the corrosion resistance of wear-resistant high-chromium materials operating in a liquid abrasive environment makes it possible to increase the service life of products made from these materials, which is an important task in materials science. One of the main reasons for the occurrence of damage during corrosion processes is the uneven distribution of chromium in the metal base, which leads to the formation of microgalvanic pairs on the surfaces of parts in an electrolytic environment. The creation alloys of wear-resistant high-chromium, in the metal base of which microgalvanic vapors are not formed, is a promising direction for increasing the corrosion resistance of such materials. Investigation of chromium distribution processes after heat treatment parts of high-chromium cast iron, namely the formation of metal base zones near carbides. Research methods. Analytical review of publications. Metallographic, microstructural and local X-ray microanalysis. Mathematical modeling of processes. Results. It was revealed that during the heat treatment in high-chromium cast irons, structures with significant segregation of chromium are formed. It has been established that after annealing of castings at 720 °C, the minimum chromium content in the metal base is observed in the zones near carbides, and the maximum in the central zones of the graids. The presence zones with a chromium content of more than 12 % (positive potential) and less than 12 % (negative potential) leads to the formation of microgalvanic couples, which is the main reason for the acceleration of corrosion damage in the metal base. The dependence of the chromium content in the zones near the carbides after annealing at 720 °C on the chemical composition of cast iron has been determined. Scientific novelty. The mathematical model is proposed for determining the chromium content in the zones near carbides after annealing at 720 °C with an exposure of 9 hours from the chemical composition of cast iron in the Fe-C-Cr-Mn-Ni system. This makes it possible to predict the chromium content in the zones near the carbides and prevent the formation of microgalvanic pairs. Practical value. The dependence (mathematical model) obtained can be used in the development of compositions of high-chromium wear-resistant cast irons with increased corrosion resistance and machinability.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HIGH-CHROMIUM CAST IRON ON THE CONTENT OF CHROMIUM IN NEAR-CARBIDE ZONES AFTER ANNEALING AT 720 °С","authors":"V. Netrebko","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Increasing the corrosion resistance of wear-resistant high-chromium materials operating in a liquid abrasive environment makes it possible to increase the service life of products made from these materials, which is an important task in materials science. One of the main reasons for the occurrence of damage during corrosion processes is the uneven distribution of chromium in the metal base, which leads to the formation of microgalvanic pairs on the surfaces of parts in an electrolytic environment. The creation alloys of wear-resistant high-chromium, in the metal base of which microgalvanic vapors are not formed, is a promising direction for increasing the corrosion resistance of such materials. Investigation of chromium distribution processes after heat treatment parts of high-chromium cast iron, namely the formation of metal base zones near carbides. \u0000Research methods. Analytical review of publications. Metallographic, microstructural and local X-ray microanalysis. Mathematical modeling of processes. \u0000Results. It was revealed that during the heat treatment in high-chromium cast irons, structures with significant segregation of chromium are formed. It has been established that after annealing of castings at 720 °C, the minimum chromium content in the metal base is observed in the zones near carbides, and the maximum in the central zones of the graids. The presence zones with a chromium content of more than 12 % (positive potential) and less than 12 % (negative potential) leads to the formation of microgalvanic couples, which is the main reason for the acceleration of corrosion damage in the metal base. The dependence of the chromium content in the zones near the carbides after annealing at 720 °C on the chemical composition of cast iron has been determined. \u0000Scientific novelty. The mathematical model is proposed for determining the chromium content in the zones near carbides after annealing at 720 °C with an exposure of 9 hours from the chemical composition of cast iron in the Fe-C-Cr-Mn-Ni system. This makes it possible to predict the chromium content in the zones near the carbides and prevent the formation of microgalvanic pairs. \u0000Practical value. The dependence (mathematical model) obtained can be used in the development of compositions of high-chromium wear-resistant cast irons with increased corrosion resistance and machinability.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123606864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-10
T. Tatarchuk, Yu. Kravchuk, V. Pelukh
Purpose. Analysis of methods to increase the efficiency of the cooling system of theAI-450M engine units of the Mi-2MSB helicopter and evaluation of gas-dynamic parameters at the impeller outlet, fan installation MI-2MSB Research methods: finite element method (FEM). Results. It was shown that the use of a centrifugal fan as the main element in the system of air injection, cabin air conditioning and cooling systems and engine units provide the following opportunities and improvements: - at constant speeds and without changes in the transmission system to increase the amount of running air by 200…300 %; - reduce the temperature of heated units to the values recommended by the operation manual; - to increase the service life of complex-loaded elements of the system of connection of free turbine shafts with the shaft of the main gearbox; - reduce the risk of accidents due to poor air conditioning in the cockpit and passenger seats. The analysis of possible types of C.S modernization was carried out, the estimated estimation of gas-dynamic parameters at the exit of the impeller - to the sub-radiator space was carried out. The problem was solved by changing the type of impeller from axial to centrifugal. Scientific novelty. The problem of creating an efficient and reliable cooling system for internal systems and units of the Mi-2MSB light multi-purpose aircraft, which has been modernized with the replacement of old GTD-350 engines with newer ones, AI-450 series - urgent, in the absence of similar light helicopters of domestic production. An important component of the safety and reliability of all components of the helicopter is to maintain the correct thermal regime of its components. Practical value. The obtained results are important in the further process of production and modernization of the Mi-2 helicopter of all modifications with the latest engines, as well as for helicopter development projects in Ukraine - SME-2 “Hope”, SME-6 “Otaman”, SME-8 and others. The ability to increase cooling efficiency, air conditioning and reduce engine load increases the life, reliability of components and improves comfort and performance for pilots and passengers.
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF GAS-DYNAMIC PARAMETERS AT THE EXIT OF THE IMPELLER DURING MODERNIZATION OF MI-2MSB FAN INSTALLATION","authors":"T. Tatarchuk, Yu. Kravchuk, V. Pelukh","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Analysis of methods to increase the efficiency of the cooling system of theAI-450M engine units of the Mi-2MSB helicopter and evaluation of gas-dynamic parameters at the impeller outlet, fan installation MI-2MSB\u0000Research methods: finite element method (FEM).\u0000Results. It was shown that the use of a centrifugal fan as the main element in the system of air injection, cabin air conditioning and cooling systems and engine units provide the following opportunities and improvements:\u0000- at constant speeds and without changes in the transmission system to increase the amount of running air by 200…300 %;\u0000 - reduce the temperature of heated units to the values recommended by the operation manual;\u0000- to increase the service life of complex-loaded elements of the system of connection of free turbine shafts with the shaft of the main gearbox;\u0000 - reduce the risk of accidents due to poor air conditioning in the cockpit and passenger seats.\u0000The analysis of possible types of C.S modernization was carried out, the estimated estimation of gas-dynamic parameters at the exit of the impeller - to the sub-radiator space was carried out. The problem was solved by changing the type of impeller from axial to centrifugal.\u0000Scientific novelty. The problem of creating an efficient and reliable cooling system for internal systems and units of the Mi-2MSB light multi-purpose aircraft, which has been modernized with the replacement of old GTD-350 engines with newer ones, AI-450 series - urgent, in the absence of similar light helicopters of domestic production. An important component of the safety and reliability of all components of the helicopter is to maintain the correct thermal regime of its components.\u0000Practical value. The obtained results are important in the further process of production and modernization of the Mi-2 helicopter of all modifications with the latest engines, as well as for helicopter development projects in Ukraine - SME-2 “Hope”, SME-6 “Otaman”, SME-8 and others. The ability to increase cooling efficiency, air conditioning and reduce engine load increases the life, reliability of components and improves comfort and performance for pilots and passengers.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115386083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-7
S. Adjamskiy, G. Kononenko, R. Podolskyi
Purpose. To work out the modes of manufacturing samples from aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg with a layer thickness of 40 microns using SLP technology, studying their mechanical properties, and comparing them with the traditional method of production. Research methods. To determine the structural state of alloys, optical microscopy was used, granulometric analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope, mechanical properties were determined according to the standard method using a tearing machine; porosity was determined based on the results of microstructural analysis as a percentage of the area occupied by pores. Results. It was established that when the scanning speed is increased to 1200 mm/s, the distance between the tracks plays a significant role in obtaining high density. From the analysis of mechanical properties, it was established that the samples made by SLP technology have a higher value of tensile strength by 28%, and smaller plastic characteristics (relative elongation and relative reduction) by 17.4% and 31.7%, respectively, compared to the traditional production method. Scientific novelty. The dependence of the change in the density of the experimental samples made by the SLP technology with AlSi10Mg on the manufacturing parameters is shown. It was established that at a scanning speed of 1000...1100 mm/s, the pore size is on average from 2...7 μm and for samples made at a scanning speed of 1200 mm/s - from 1 to 5 μm. Practical value. Application of the obtained results will lead to the manufactured parts with increased strength characteristics.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIMEN MANUFACTURING PARAMETERS BY THE SELECTIVE LASER MELTING (SLP) METHOD AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM ALLOY AlSi10Mg","authors":"S. Adjamskiy, G. Kononenko, R. Podolskyi","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To work out the modes of manufacturing samples from aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg with a layer thickness of 40 microns using SLP technology, studying their mechanical properties, and comparing them with the traditional method of production. \u0000Research methods. To determine the structural state of alloys, optical microscopy was used, granulometric analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope, mechanical properties were determined according to the standard method using a tearing machine; porosity was determined based on the results of microstructural analysis as a percentage of the area occupied by pores. \u0000Results. It was established that when the scanning speed is increased to 1200 mm/s, the distance between the tracks plays a significant role in obtaining high density. From the analysis of mechanical properties, it was established that the samples made by SLP technology have a higher value of tensile strength by 28%, and smaller plastic characteristics (relative elongation and relative reduction) by 17.4% and 31.7%, respectively, compared to the traditional production method. \u0000Scientific novelty. The dependence of the change in the density of the experimental samples made by the SLP technology with AlSi10Mg on the manufacturing parameters is shown. It was established that at a scanning speed of 1000...1100 mm/s, the pore size is on average from 2...7 μm and for samples made at a scanning speed of 1200 mm/s - from 1 to 5 μm. \u0000Practical value. Application of the obtained results will lead to the manufactured parts with increased strength characteristics.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128494658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-15
L. Hulyaeva, S. Tolstov, О. Skrypka
Згідно «Стандарту вищої освіти» програмним результатом освітнього процесу в системі підготовки майбутніх інженерів для галузі знань 13 «Механічна інженерія» для першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти є формування «вміння обирати і застосовувати придатні типові методи досліджень (аналітичні, розрахункові, моделювання, експериментальні); правильно інтерпретувати результати таких досліджень та робити висновки» [9, с. 8]. Даний програмний результат досягається в умовах формування загальних компетентностей щодо «здатності приймати обґрунтовані рішення, оцінювати та забезпечувати якість виконуваних робіт» [9, с. 6], а також спеціальних компетентностей для «критичного осмислення наукових фактів, концепцій, теорій, принципів і методів, необхідних для професійної діяльності», «здатності застосовувати наукові та інженерні методи для вирішення типових та комплексних завдань за спеціалізацією» [9, с. 7]. В процесі освітньої діяльності не тільки в умовах професійної та практичної підготовки зі спеціальних видів діяльності здійснюється виконання вимог щодо фахової підготовки майбутніх інженерів, але і в умовах вивчення фундаментальних дисциплін, зокрема, з дисципліни «фізика» в процесі виконання, наприклад, практичної частини програми.
{"title":"VARIABILITY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA PROCESSING LABORATORY PRACTICUM","authors":"L. Hulyaeva, S. Tolstov, О. Skrypka","doi":"10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2022-2-15","url":null,"abstract":"Згідно «Стандарту вищої освіти» програмним результатом освітнього процесу в системі підготовки майбутніх інженерів для галузі знань 13 «Механічна інженерія» для першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти є формування «вміння обирати і застосовувати придатні типові методи досліджень (аналітичні, розрахункові, моделювання, експериментальні); правильно інтерпретувати результати таких досліджень та робити висновки» [9, с. 8]. Даний програмний результат досягається в умовах формування загальних компетентностей щодо «здатності приймати обґрунтовані рішення, оцінювати та забезпечувати якість виконуваних робіт» [9, с. 6], а також спеціальних компетентностей для «критичного осмислення наукових фактів, концепцій, теорій, принципів і методів, необхідних для професійної діяльності», «здатності застосовувати наукові та інженерні методи для вирішення типових та комплексних завдань за спеціалізацією» [9, с. 7]. В процесі освітньої діяльності не тільки в умовах професійної та практичної підготовки зі спеціальних видів діяльності здійснюється виконання вимог щодо фахової підготовки майбутніх інженерів, але і в умовах вивчення фундаментальних дисциплін, зокрема, з дисципліни «фізика» в процесі виконання, наприклад, практичної частини програми.","PeriodicalId":423067,"journal":{"name":"Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123487988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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