Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430709
D. L. Le Vine, H. Kao, G. Lagerloef, Liang Hong, E. Dinnat, T. Meissner, F. Wentz, Tong Lee
Aquarius, an L-band radar/radiometer instrument combination designed to measure ocean salinity. It was launched June 10, 2011 as part of the Aquarius/SAC-D observatory, a partnership between NASA, which provided Aquarius, and the Argentine space agency (CONAE) which provided the spacecraft bus, SAC-D. The observatory was lost four years later on June 7, 2015 when a failure in the power distribution network resulted in loss of control of the spacecraft. The Aquarius Mission formally ended December 31, 2017. The last major milestone was the release of the Project's final version of the salinity retrieval (Version 5.0). Version 5.0 meets the Mission requirements for accuracy and reflects the continuing progress and understanding developed by the Science Team over the lifetime of the mission.
{"title":"Status of Aquarius Salinity","authors":"D. L. Le Vine, H. Kao, G. Lagerloef, Liang Hong, E. Dinnat, T. Meissner, F. Wentz, Tong Lee","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430709","url":null,"abstract":"Aquarius, an L-band radar/radiometer instrument combination designed to measure ocean salinity. It was launched June 10, 2011 as part of the Aquarius/SAC-D observatory, a partnership between NASA, which provided Aquarius, and the Argentine space agency (CONAE) which provided the spacecraft bus, SAC-D. The observatory was lost four years later on June 7, 2015 when a failure in the power distribution network resulted in loss of control of the spacecraft. The Aquarius Mission formally ended December 31, 2017. The last major milestone was the release of the Project's final version of the salinity retrieval (Version 5.0). Version 5.0 meets the Mission requirements for accuracy and reflects the continuing progress and understanding developed by the Science Team over the lifetime of the mission.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124105553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430717
Ruiyao Chen, W. Linwood Jones
The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) is the radiometric calibration transfer standard for the intersatellite radiometric calibration of the NASA GPM constellation radiometers. Because these radiometers are not identical, the GPM Intersatellite Calibration (XCAL) Working Group has developed a robust double difference technique to estimate the brightness temperatures (Tb) bias, which is applied to the brightness temperatures of constellation radiometers before being input into a single satellite radiometer rain retrieval algorithm (GPROF). Since the radiative transfer models and input geophysical parameters are not perfect, errors (uncertainties) in the estimates of the Tb biases will result. Further, the microwave sensors observations are not coincident in time nor exactly spatially collocated, and this also contributes to the Tb bias uncertainty. Therefore, it is important to quantify the bias uncertainty estimates, considering the various sources aforementioned and more, and to include them with the associated Tb bias before producing science products. A generic uncertainty quantification model is developed herein. For illustration purposes, we use the XCAL between GMI and the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), and results show that, after removing the biases, the residual uncertainty between GMI and TMI Tb's are< 0.3 K.
{"title":"An Uncertainty Estimation Model for Radiometric Intercalibration Between GPM Microwave Imager and TRMM Microwave Imager","authors":"Ruiyao Chen, W. Linwood Jones","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430717","url":null,"abstract":"The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) is the radiometric calibration transfer standard for the intersatellite radiometric calibration of the NASA GPM constellation radiometers. Because these radiometers are not identical, the GPM Intersatellite Calibration (XCAL) Working Group has developed a robust double difference technique to estimate the brightness temperatures (Tb) bias, which is applied to the brightness temperatures of constellation radiometers before being input into a single satellite radiometer rain retrieval algorithm (GPROF). Since the radiative transfer models and input geophysical parameters are not perfect, errors (uncertainties) in the estimates of the Tb biases will result. Further, the microwave sensors observations are not coincident in time nor exactly spatially collocated, and this also contributes to the Tb bias uncertainty. Therefore, it is important to quantify the bias uncertainty estimates, considering the various sources aforementioned and more, and to include them with the associated Tb bias before producing science products. A generic uncertainty quantification model is developed herein. For illustration purposes, we use the XCAL between GMI and the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), and results show that, after removing the biases, the residual uncertainty between GMI and TMI Tb's are< 0.3 K.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130170262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430708
G. Addamo, O. Peverini, G. Virone, A. Bosisio, L. Valenziano, R. Tascone, A. Di Cintio, M. Grilli
The RF characteristics in terms of reflection and coupling loss of a microwave target composed of a periodic distribution of pyramids are obtained through a Floquet, s fullwave simulation including higher order modes. The so-obtained scattering parameters are combined in a single figure-of-merit related to the emissivity behavior of the target itself. The relevance of the proposed analysis is demonstrated on a target design example operating from 14 to 220 GHz.
{"title":"Design and RF Performance Analysis of Microwave Radiometer Calibration Targets","authors":"G. Addamo, O. Peverini, G. Virone, A. Bosisio, L. Valenziano, R. Tascone, A. Di Cintio, M. Grilli","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430708","url":null,"abstract":"The RF characteristics in terms of reflection and coupling loss of a microwave target composed of a periodic distribution of pyramids are obtained through a Floquet, s fullwave simulation including higher order modes. The so-obtained scattering parameters are combined in a single figure-of-merit related to the emissivity behavior of the target itself. The relevance of the proposed analysis is demonstrated on a target design example operating from 14 to 220 GHz.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123753117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430726
R. K. Choi, J. Ha, Ki-Hoon Kim, Y. Cho, S. Joo, Do-Youn Kim, Seunghyun Min, Ho-Jin Lee, Seohoon Yang, Jongsung Park, Sanghyun Beck, Tae Gyu Kim
Three compact microwave radiometers are developed for a lightweight solar-powered HALE UAV (High-Altitude, Long Endurance; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) or pseudo-satellite. The platform aims to operate at UTLS, i.e. altitude of 16~20 km, where air becomes thin enough to prevent operation of a conventional fossil fuel engines. Despite atmospheric science community has long been attracted in its potential scientific and operational value as an observation platform, only limited opportunities were available. The payload aims to obtain vertical temperature profiles and column-averaged water vapour for entire troposphere where most weather system takes place. Given total weight (< 3 kg) and maximum power (< 50 W) constraints are not the only challenges for design of the CHAISR. It requires nominal operation in thermal range between −75 and +43 °C and from 1013 to 50 hPa. Along with optical cameras and in situ sensors in the CHASIR, three microwave radiometers with 16 channels from 18 to 60 GHz are to fit in 130 mm diameter and 290 mm length with total weight less than 1.5 kg for cross-track scan unit. Maximum power consumption of less than 15 W does not allow conventional internal blackbody calibration facility onboard, and alternative methods has been developed. This study represents calibration of miniature microwave radiometer followed by preliminary results of a series of test flights conducted in 2017. While CHAISR has reached 2/3 of its target altitude, data from test flight showed effective performance of tipping curve calibration with altitude as expected. On the contrary, pre-flight calibration with liquid nitrogen indicates there are rooms to improve method of lab-based characterisation of the CHAISR. The result suggests feasibility of in situ cold reference for microwave radiometer and better than 1°K of total RMSE can be achievable once accuracy of warm reference is available from noise diode or ambient temperature readings. Continuous improvement of quality of instrument is currently explored at the same time, researching way of improving current specification of microwave radiometer in CHAISR.
{"title":"Preliminary Test Flight of a Compact High Altitude Imager and Sounding Radiometer (CHAISR) Microwave Radiometers for Meteorological Observation from HALE UAV","authors":"R. K. Choi, J. Ha, Ki-Hoon Kim, Y. Cho, S. Joo, Do-Youn Kim, Seunghyun Min, Ho-Jin Lee, Seohoon Yang, Jongsung Park, Sanghyun Beck, Tae Gyu Kim","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430726","url":null,"abstract":"Three compact microwave radiometers are developed for a lightweight solar-powered HALE UAV (High-Altitude, Long Endurance; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) or pseudo-satellite. The platform aims to operate at UTLS, i.e. altitude of 16~20 km, where air becomes thin enough to prevent operation of a conventional fossil fuel engines. Despite atmospheric science community has long been attracted in its potential scientific and operational value as an observation platform, only limited opportunities were available. The payload aims to obtain vertical temperature profiles and column-averaged water vapour for entire troposphere where most weather system takes place. Given total weight (< 3 kg) and maximum power (< 50 W) constraints are not the only challenges for design of the CHAISR. It requires nominal operation in thermal range between −75 and +43 °C and from 1013 to 50 hPa. Along with optical cameras and in situ sensors in the CHASIR, three microwave radiometers with 16 channels from 18 to 60 GHz are to fit in 130 mm diameter and 290 mm length with total weight less than 1.5 kg for cross-track scan unit. Maximum power consumption of less than 15 W does not allow conventional internal blackbody calibration facility onboard, and alternative methods has been developed. This study represents calibration of miniature microwave radiometer followed by preliminary results of a series of test flights conducted in 2017. While CHAISR has reached 2/3 of its target altitude, data from test flight showed effective performance of tipping curve calibration with altitude as expected. On the contrary, pre-flight calibration with liquid nitrogen indicates there are rooms to improve method of lab-based characterisation of the CHAISR. The result suggests feasibility of in situ cold reference for microwave radiometer and better than 1°K of total RMSE can be achievable once accuracy of warm reference is available from noise diode or ambient temperature readings. Continuous improvement of quality of instrument is currently explored at the same time, researching way of improving current specification of microwave radiometer in CHAISR.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125708226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430724
D. Houtz, D. Gu
High emissivity temperature-controlled microwave blackbodies, or calibration targets, are often used as brightness temperature reference sources for radiometer calibration. Calibration targets are, in practice, often viewed from a range of angles due to the scanning nature of operational radiometers (e.g. a conical scanning instrument). Ideally, the calibration target has view-angle-independent emissivity of unity, but any deviation from ideal can bias the brightness temperature radiating from the target. Microwave emissivity is not a directly-measurable quantity, and instead must be inferred through measurements of reflectivity. We measure reflections from calibration targets by quantifying the magnitude of the standing wave formed by the target as it is linearly stepped through space at sub-wavelength increments. We present monostatic reflectivity results over a range of incidence angles for two types of calibration targets; a periodic pyramidal absorber array and a conical cavity blackbody. Measurements are presented at 165.5 GHz and 183.3 GHz, two channels of interest for environmental remote sensing. We find that the pyramidal array has higher reflectivity than the conical cavity at both frequencies and across the range of incidence angles. Additionally, we find that the pyramidal array has a larger range of reflectivity across the range of incidence angles. The reflectivity magnitude decreases as a function of incidence angle for both geometries, with local maxima at normal incidence except for the pyramidal array at 165.5 GHz. The considerable angular variation in reflectivity observed for the pyramidal array could potentially cause significant calibration bias as large as 0.12 K.
{"title":"Oblique Incidence Reflectivity of Microwave Radiometer Calibration Targets in G-Band","authors":"D. Houtz, D. Gu","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430724","url":null,"abstract":"High emissivity temperature-controlled microwave blackbodies, or calibration targets, are often used as brightness temperature reference sources for radiometer calibration. Calibration targets are, in practice, often viewed from a range of angles due to the scanning nature of operational radiometers (e.g. a conical scanning instrument). Ideally, the calibration target has view-angle-independent emissivity of unity, but any deviation from ideal can bias the brightness temperature radiating from the target. Microwave emissivity is not a directly-measurable quantity, and instead must be inferred through measurements of reflectivity. We measure reflections from calibration targets by quantifying the magnitude of the standing wave formed by the target as it is linearly stepped through space at sub-wavelength increments. We present monostatic reflectivity results over a range of incidence angles for two types of calibration targets; a periodic pyramidal absorber array and a conical cavity blackbody. Measurements are presented at 165.5 GHz and 183.3 GHz, two channels of interest for environmental remote sensing. We find that the pyramidal array has higher reflectivity than the conical cavity at both frequencies and across the range of incidence angles. Additionally, we find that the pyramidal array has a larger range of reflectivity across the range of incidence angles. The reflectivity magnitude decreases as a function of incidence angle for both geometries, with local maxima at normal incidence except for the pyramidal array at 165.5 GHz. The considerable angular variation in reflectivity observed for the pyramidal array could potentially cause significant calibration bias as large as 0.12 K.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115161047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430721
Ruiyao Chen, W. Linwood Jones
Intercalibrating the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) to the Global Precipitation Measuring (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) is necessary for generating a consistent multi-decadal brightness temperature (Tb) data record that covers TRMM and GPM eras. However, TMI and GMI share only a 13-month common operational period (2014-2015). Fortunately, the polarimetric radiometer WindSat launched in 2003, has been vetted to be well-calibration, and exceptional long-term radiometric stability between WindSat and TMI over >8-year period (2005–2014) has been exhibited. Therefore, WindSat can be used as the calibration bridge to achieve a seamless transfer between TMI and GMI Tb time series. In this paper, TMI will be first intercalibrated to GMI for their 13-month overlap period, and then intercalibrated to WindSat for their >12 years period (2003–2015). Thus, a multi-decadal oceanic Tb dataset will be created to ensure a consistent long-term precipitation record that covers TRMM and GPM eras. Moreover, to quantify the Tb uncertainty of this dataset, an uncertainty estimation model considering various sources of uncertainties will be applied to both intercalibration processes. These results will allow the further study in potential climate trends and changes in the variability.
{"title":"Creating a Consistent Multi-Decadal Oceanic TRMM-GPM Brightness Temperature Data Record","authors":"Ruiyao Chen, W. Linwood Jones","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430721","url":null,"abstract":"Intercalibrating the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) to the Global Precipitation Measuring (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) is necessary for generating a consistent multi-decadal brightness temperature (Tb) data record that covers TRMM and GPM eras. However, TMI and GMI share only a 13-month common operational period (2014-2015). Fortunately, the polarimetric radiometer WindSat launched in 2003, has been vetted to be well-calibration, and exceptional long-term radiometric stability between WindSat and TMI over >8-year period (2005–2014) has been exhibited. Therefore, WindSat can be used as the calibration bridge to achieve a seamless transfer between TMI and GMI Tb time series. In this paper, TMI will be first intercalibrated to GMI for their 13-month overlap period, and then intercalibrated to WindSat for their >12 years period (2003–2015). Thus, a multi-decadal oceanic Tb dataset will be created to ensure a consistent long-term precipitation record that covers TRMM and GPM eras. Moreover, to quantify the Tb uncertainty of this dataset, an uncertainty estimation model considering various sources of uncertainties will be applied to both intercalibration processes. These results will allow the further study in potential climate trends and changes in the variability.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"29 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125333663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430701
L. Mitnik, V. Kuleshov, M. Mitnik, M. Pichugin, G. M. Chernyavsky, I. V. Cherny, O.V. Nikitin
The MTVZA-GY microwave radiometer on board the Russian Meteor-M No. 2 meteorological space apparatus is the single instrument scanning the Earth under the incidence angle of 65°. The geophysical model function (GMF) relating the MTVZA-GY brightness temperatures TB(v) to the sea surface wind speed at the frequencies v between 10 and 36 GHz was derived by the joint analysis of the TB(v), the scatterometer and ERA5 reanalysis data. The reanalysis data were used to found the total cloud absorption and atmospheric contributions to the measured TB(s) and compute the brightness temperature of the ocean surface under various wind speeds. The collocated database included also the GCOM-W1 AMSR2 TB(v) and was obtained for winter deep cyclones in the Northern Pacific Ocean.
俄罗斯气象- m 2号气象空间仪器上的MTVZA-GY微波辐射计是在65°入射角下对地球进行扫描的单一仪器。通过对TB(v)、散射计和ERA5再分析资料的联合分析，导出了10 ~ 36 GHz频率v范围内MTVZA-GY亮温TB(v)与海面风速的地球物理模型函数(GMF)。利用再分析数据计算了总云吸收和大气对测量TB(s)的贡献，并计算了不同风速下海洋表面的亮温。该数据库还包括GCOM-W1 AMSR2 TB(v)，该数据库是为北太平洋冬季深层气旋而获得的。
{"title":"Geophysical Model Functions of Ocean Surface Winds for the Meteor-M No. 2 MTVZA-GY Radiometer","authors":"L. Mitnik, V. Kuleshov, M. Mitnik, M. Pichugin, G. M. Chernyavsky, I. V. Cherny, O.V. Nikitin","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430701","url":null,"abstract":"The MTVZA-GY microwave radiometer on board the Russian Meteor-M No. 2 meteorological space apparatus is the single instrument scanning the Earth under the incidence angle of 65°. The geophysical model function (GMF) relating the MTVZA-GY brightness temperatures TB(v) to the sea surface wind speed at the frequencies v between 10 and 36 GHz was derived by the joint analysis of the TB(v), the scatterometer and ERA5 reanalysis data. The reanalysis data were used to found the total cloud absorption and atmospheric contributions to the measured TB(s) and compute the brightness temperature of the ocean surface under various wind speeds. The collocated database included also the GCOM-W1 AMSR2 TB(v) and was obtained for winter deep cyclones in the Northern Pacific Ocean.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121743962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430695
I. Yanovsky, B. Lambrigtsen
We develop an approach for increasing the temporal resolution of a temporally blurred sequence of observations. Super-resolution is performed in time using a variational approach. By temporal super-resolution, we mean recovering rapidly evolving events that were corrupted by the induced blur of the sensor. A blurred sequence of observations is assumed to have been generated by convolution of a physical scene with a temporal rectangular convolution kernel whose support is the sensor exposure time. We solve the deconvolution problem using the Split-Bregman method. Such methodology is based on current research in sparse optimization and compressed sensing, which lead to unprecedented efficiencies for solving image reconstruction problems. We test our method using a simulated temporally blurred and noisy temporal precipitation sequence and show that our method significantly reduces the errors in the corrupted sequence.
{"title":"Temporal Super-Resolution of Microwave Remote Sensing Images","authors":"I. Yanovsky, B. Lambrigtsen","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430695","url":null,"abstract":"We develop an approach for increasing the temporal resolution of a temporally blurred sequence of observations. Super-resolution is performed in time using a variational approach. By temporal super-resolution, we mean recovering rapidly evolving events that were corrupted by the induced blur of the sensor. A blurred sequence of observations is assumed to have been generated by convolution of a physical scene with a temporal rectangular convolution kernel whose support is the sensor exposure time. We solve the deconvolution problem using the Split-Bregman method. Such methodology is based on current research in sparse optimization and compressed sensing, which lead to unprecedented efficiencies for solving image reconstruction problems. We test our method using a simulated temporally blurred and noisy temporal precipitation sequence and show that our method significantly reduces the errors in the corrupted sequence.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127723343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430703
I. Yanovsky, Y. Wen, A. Behrangi, M. Schreier, B. Lambrigtsen
In this paper, we describe and validate a data fusion methodology and apply it to enhance the resolution of a microwave image using the data from a collocated infrared/visible sensor. Such an approach takes advantage of the spatial resolution of the infrared instrument and the sensing accuracy of the microwave instrument. We test our method using a precipitation scene captured with the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-B) microwave instrument and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) infrared instrument and compare the results to simultaneous radar observations. We show that the data fusion product is better than the original AMSU-Band AVHRR observations across all statistical indicators.
{"title":"Validating Enhanced Resolution of Microwave Sounder Imagery Through Fusion with Infrared Sensors| Data","authors":"I. Yanovsky, Y. Wen, A. Behrangi, M. Schreier, B. Lambrigtsen","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430703","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe and validate a data fusion methodology and apply it to enhance the resolution of a microwave image using the data from a collocated infrared/visible sensor. Such an approach takes advantage of the spatial resolution of the infrared instrument and the sensing accuracy of the microwave instrument. We test our method using a precipitation scene captured with the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-B) microwave instrument and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) infrared instrument and compare the results to simultaneous radar observations. We show that the data fusion product is better than the original AMSU-Band AVHRR observations across all statistical indicators.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115387513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430707
Menglei Han, Hui Lu, Kun Yang, Jiancheng Shi
Vegetation water content (VWC) plays a significant role in the retrieval of soil moisture using microwave remote sensing, which further supports applications such as weather forecasting, flood prediction, and landslide early-warning. In the current SMAP algorithm, the commonly used vegetation index (i.e., the NDVI) was utilized to determine the VWC. This study evaluates the accuracy of SMAP VWC product, together with other Jackson's algorithm using NDVI and Paloscia's method using LAI. Comparing to ground observation, SMAP overestimates VWC, while Jackson's method, in which stem factor is not included, performs better than other two. By using Jackson's method, we found the accuracy of soil moisture retrieved from SMAP could be improved.
{"title":"Improvement of Vegetation Water Content Estimation Over the Tibetan Plateau Using Field Measurements","authors":"Menglei Han, Hui Lu, Kun Yang, Jiancheng Shi","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2018.8430707","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation water content (VWC) plays a significant role in the retrieval of soil moisture using microwave remote sensing, which further supports applications such as weather forecasting, flood prediction, and landslide early-warning. In the current SMAP algorithm, the commonly used vegetation index (i.e., the NDVI) was utilized to determine the VWC. This study evaluates the accuracy of SMAP VWC product, together with other Jackson's algorithm using NDVI and Paloscia's method using LAI. Comparing to ground observation, SMAP overestimates VWC, while Jackson's method, in which stem factor is not included, performs better than other two. By using Jackson's method, we found the accuracy of soil moisture retrieved from SMAP could be improved.","PeriodicalId":423162,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 15th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130933799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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