This paper explores how gestures, or the movements of hands, arms, and fingers, are employed by young bilinguals, or those who possess a good command of two languages. Moreover, it uncovers the sequential environment in which those gestures are found. The data come from twelve hours of recorded, naturally-occurring interaction between six bilingual girls in English. The findings reveal that their gestures have cognitive, communicative, interpersonal, and interactional functions. The gestures help solve speech problems, such as disambiguating speech, compensating for speech, and searching for words or what to say next. They also help allocate turns-at-talk, draw addressees’ attention, and maintain social relations. At a discourse level, the study reveals how bilinguals display similar gestures within the same discourse domain.
{"title":"Exploring bilingual children’s integration of gestures into talk-in-interaction","authors":"Phalangchok Wanphet, J. Sfaxi","doi":"10.1075/ld.00047.wan","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ld.00047.wan","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper explores how gestures, or the movements of hands, arms, and fingers, are employed by young bilinguals,\u0000 or those who possess a good command of two languages. Moreover, it uncovers the sequential environment in which those gestures are\u0000 found. The data come from twelve hours of recorded, naturally-occurring interaction between six bilingual girls in English. The\u0000 findings reveal that their gestures have cognitive, communicative, interpersonal, and interactional functions. The gestures help\u0000 solve speech problems, such as disambiguating speech, compensating for speech, and searching for words or what to say next. They\u0000 also help allocate turns-at-talk, draw addressees’ attention, and maintain social relations. At a discourse level, the study\u0000 reveals how bilinguals display similar gestures within the same discourse domain.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":"89 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41248402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Klushina, Anna V. Liulikova, A. Nikolaeva, Larisa V. Selezneva, E. Skorokhodova, I. Tortunova
This article presents linguistic and communicative transformations in socially significant areas of modern communication in Russia. The authors apply a historical-comparative method as well as diachronic description and interpretation to analyze the processes taking place under the influence of intra- and extra-linguistic factors in various Internet and media genres, such as advertising, business and professional communication. It was found that the fusion of the features of communication and publication, the combination of dialogue and polylogue determine the “clickbait” nature of blogs and make blogging the most influential genre of Internet communication. The growing influence of oral speech and corporate rules in the field of business communication underlies the trend toward agrammatism of phrases. Innovations in the field of advertising manifest themselves on the verbal level of the slogan and its implicit influence on the recipient.
{"title":"Language use nowadays in Russian communication","authors":"N. Klushina, Anna V. Liulikova, A. Nikolaeva, Larisa V. Selezneva, E. Skorokhodova, I. Tortunova","doi":"10.1075/ld.00051.klu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ld.00051.klu","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents linguistic and communicative transformations in socially significant areas of modern\u0000 communication in Russia. The authors apply a historical-comparative method as well as diachronic description and interpretation to\u0000 analyze the processes taking place under the influence of intra- and extra-linguistic factors in various Internet and media\u0000 genres, such as advertising, business and professional communication. It was found that the fusion of the features of\u0000 communication and publication, the combination of dialogue and polylogue determine the “clickbait” nature of blogs and make\u0000 blogging the most influential genre of Internet communication. The growing influence of oral speech and corporate rules in the\u0000 field of business communication underlies the trend toward agrammatism of phrases. Innovations in the field of advertising\u0000 manifest themselves on the verbal level of the slogan and its implicit influence on the recipient.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49176217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mastering a language implies being able to deploy a wide variety of speech genres (Bakhtin 1952–1953). However, the features which define these genres are often obscure to students or ‘occluded’ in the sense used by Swales (1996). In this paper, nine dialogues between B1-level French learners in the context of an oral exam are analysed in order to describe the degree of dialogic competence-in-performance (Weigand 2017) achieved. Because these dialogues were of two types, an exchange of opinions and a guided interview, our analysis reveals hybrid results. This hybridity affects the opening and closing sequences of the dialogue, floor-taking in the central part and the linguistic resources used by the students to give their opinions. These findings identify formative needs as well as the indicators of achievement that are required to assess students’ oral competence-in-performance.
{"title":"Oral discourse competence-in-performance","authors":"Maria Dolors Cañada, Carmen López-Ferrero","doi":"10.1075/LD.00040.CAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00040.CAN","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mastering a language implies being able to deploy a wide variety of speech genres (Bakhtin 1952–1953). However, the features which define these genres are often obscure to students or\u0000 ‘occluded’ in the sense used by Swales (1996). In this paper, nine dialogues between\u0000 B1-level French learners in the context of an oral exam are analysed in order to describe the degree of dialogic\u0000 competence-in-performance (Weigand 2017) achieved. Because these dialogues were of two\u0000 types, an exchange of opinions and a guided interview, our analysis reveals hybrid results. This hybridity affects the opening and\u0000 closing sequences of the dialogue, floor-taking in the central part and the linguistic resources used by the students to give\u0000 their opinions. These findings identify formative needs as well as the indicators of achievement that are required to assess\u0000 students’ oral competence-in-performance.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42476822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to determine whether humour can be used as a discursive strategy to reply to offensive humour about natural disasters and what purpose it serves. A corpus of 431 replies to the Charlie Hebdo cartoons concerning the earthquake in central Italy in August 2016 was analysed. Depending on the target of the humour in these replies, they were used to agree, disagree or deflect away from the offensive and aggressive content of the cartoons. The results show that humour can be used as a discursive strategy to respond to offensive humour. Moreover, an analysis of the corpus revealed that humorous replies were used mainly to agree rather than disagree with the cartoons.
{"title":"Dialogical strategies in replies to offensive humour","authors":"Carla Canestrari, Amadeu Viana","doi":"10.1075/LD.00039.CAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00039.CAN","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The aim of this paper is to determine whether humour can be used as a discursive strategy to reply to offensive\u0000 humour about natural disasters and what purpose it serves. A corpus of 431 replies to the Charlie Hebdo cartoons concerning the\u0000 earthquake in central Italy in August 2016 was analysed. Depending on the target of the humour in these replies, they were used to\u0000 agree, disagree or deflect away from the offensive and aggressive content of the cartoons. The results show that humour can be\u0000 used as a discursive strategy to respond to offensive humour. Moreover, an analysis of the corpus revealed that humorous replies\u0000 were used mainly to agree rather than disagree with the cartoons.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42868222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/ld.00045.pre","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ld.00045.pre","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46169102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In classroom interactions, facilitation of children’s autonomous choice of acting (agency) may produce conflicts among children. While facilitation does not have the function of managing these conflicts, it shares some types of action with conflict mediation, one of which is formulation. Formulation elaborates the gist of previous utterances and enhances interlocutors’ actions. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of nine transcribed sequences of interaction, included into five different programs of facilitation. The analysis shows that formulations fulfil two different functions. First (function of mediation), they are designed as developments of the gist of children’s utterances, enhancing stories of cooperation. Second (function of facilitation), they are designed as explications of the gist of children’s utterances, without enhancing cooperative stories.
{"title":"Using formulations to manage conflicts in classroom interactions","authors":"Claudio Baraldi","doi":"10.1075/LD.00038.BAR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00038.BAR","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In classroom interactions, facilitation of children’s autonomous choice of acting (agency) may\u0000 produce conflicts among children. While facilitation does not have the function of managing these conflicts,\u0000 it shares some types of action with conflict mediation, one of which is formulation. Formulation elaborates\u0000 the gist of previous utterances and enhances interlocutors’ actions. This paper provides a qualitative\u0000 analysis of nine transcribed sequences of interaction, included into five different programs of facilitation.\u0000 The analysis shows that formulations fulfil two different functions. First (function of mediation), they are\u0000 designed as developments of the gist of children’s utterances, enhancing stories of cooperation. Second\u0000 (function of facilitation), they are designed as explications of the gist of children’s utterances, without\u0000 enhancing cooperative stories.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48163026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. El-Dakhs, Jawaher Nasser Al-Haqbani, Manal A. Althaqafi, Shorouq Al-Fouzan
The current study adopts a dialogue-analytic approach to the examination of complaint behavior in Saudi Arabic as spoken in the Najd region, the central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To this end, role-plays with 120 Saudi nationals who are Najdi-speakers were recorded and transcribed. Statistical comparisons revealed that Najdis used a variety of complaint strategies with requests for repair, expressing annoyance and providing modified blame being the most frequent. Najdis also produced a large number of initiators and internal and external modifiers, mainly to mitigate the negative force of complaints. Although a small influence was found for gender, the variables of age, social distance and social dominance showed a strong influence on the Najdis’ complaint behavior. The results are discussed in light of relevant theoretical models and the existing literature.
{"title":"How do Saudis complain?","authors":"D. El-Dakhs, Jawaher Nasser Al-Haqbani, Manal A. Althaqafi, Shorouq Al-Fouzan","doi":"10.1075/LD.00041.ELD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00041.ELD","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The current study adopts a dialogue-analytic approach to the examination of complaint behavior in Saudi Arabic as\u0000 spoken in the Najd region, the central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To this end, role-plays with 120 Saudi nationals who\u0000 are Najdi-speakers were recorded and transcribed. Statistical comparisons revealed that Najdis used a variety of complaint\u0000 strategies with requests for repair, expressing annoyance and providing modified blame being the most frequent. Najdis also\u0000 produced a large number of initiators and internal and external modifiers, mainly to mitigate the negative force of complaints.\u0000 Although a small influence was found for gender, the variables of age, social distance and social dominance showed a strong\u0000 influence on the Najdis’ complaint behavior. The results are discussed in light of relevant theoretical models and the existing\u0000 literature.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41466281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dumitrescu, Domnița and Patricia Lorena Andueza (eds.). 2018. L2 Spanish Pragmatics: From Research to Teaching","authors":"Marjana Šifrar Kalan","doi":"10.1075/LD.00043.SIF","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00043.SIF","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42802028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on a few central issues of dialogic competence-in-performance which are still beyond the reach of models of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Learning machines have made an amazing step forward but still face barriers which cannot be crossed yet. Linguistics is still described at the level of Chomsky’s view of language competence. Modelling competence-in-performance requires a holistic model, such as the Mixed Game Model (Weigand 2010), which is capable of addressing the challenge of the ‘architecture of complexity’ (Simon 1962). The complex cannot be ‘the ontology of the world’ (Russell and Norwig 2016). There is no autonomous ontology, no hierarchy of concepts; it is always human beings who perceive the world. ‘Anything’, in the end, depends on the human brain.
{"title":"Dialogue and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"E. Weigand","doi":"10.1075/LD.00042.WEI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00042.WEI","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article focuses on a few central issues of dialogic competence-in-performance which are still beyond the reach\u0000 of models of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Learning machines have made an amazing step forward but still face barriers which\u0000 cannot be crossed yet. Linguistics is still described at the level of Chomsky’s view of language competence. Modelling\u0000 competence-in-performance requires a holistic model, such as the Mixed Game Model (Weigand\u0000 2010), which is capable of addressing the challenge of the ‘architecture of complexity’ (Simon 1962). The complex cannot be ‘the ontology of the world’ (Russell and Norwig 2016). There is no autonomous ontology, no hierarchy of concepts; it is always human beings who\u0000 perceive the world. ‘Anything’, in the end, depends on the human brain.","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49559134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reviews Emotional Lives: Dramas of Identity in an Age of Mass Media 978-0-521-82014-1
这篇文章评论了情感生活：大众传媒时代的身份戏剧978-0-521-82014-1
{"title":"E. Doyle McCarthy. 2017. Emotional Lives: Dramas of Identity in an Age of Mass Media","authors":"Anja Müller-Wood","doi":"10.1075/LD.00044.MUL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LD.00044.MUL","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews Emotional Lives: Dramas of Identity in an Age of Mass Media 978-0-521-82014-1","PeriodicalId":42318,"journal":{"name":"Language and Dialogue","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46976473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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