Comparative Correlatives (CCs) are biclausal constructions (e.g. The harder you work, the more you earn) that have complex semantics and form. This is the first construction grammar-based corpus study to investigate Slovak CCs, based on a 500-token sample. I argue that intra-clausal word-order phenomena can be explained through processing efficiency, based on Hawkins’ principle of Early Immediate Constituents (2004), and I use covarying-collexeme analysis (Stefanowitsch & Gries 2005) to provide evidence for the existence of meso-constructions. The findings of this study contribute to construction grammar’s “aspirations toward universal applicability” (Fried 2017: 249), proving that the theory is also suitable for analysis of syntactic patterns in Slavic languages.
{"title":"Slovak comparative correlatives","authors":"Jakob Horsch","doi":"10.1075/cf.00051.hor","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00051.hor","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Comparative Correlatives (CCs) are biclausal constructions (e.g. The harder you work, the more you earn) that have complex semantics and form. This is the first construction grammar-based corpus study to investigate Slovak CCs, based on a 500-token sample. I argue that intra-clausal word-order phenomena can be explained through processing efficiency, based on Hawkins’ principle of Early Immediate Constituents (2004), and I use covarying-collexeme analysis (Stefanowitsch & Gries 2005) to provide evidence for the existence of meso-constructions. The findings of this study contribute to construction grammar’s “aspirations toward universal applicability” (Fried 2017: 249), proving that the theory is also suitable for analysis of syntactic patterns in Slavic languages.","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43614461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This corpus-based study tests the Principle of No Synonymy across levels of abstraction by examining the syntactic realizations of subject extraposition (e.g., it is important to, it seems that), and by investigating at which level(s) of formal description a difference in form also entails a difference in function. The results show that distinct pairs of form and function, i.e. constructions, can be found at different levels of abstraction, but that these constructions also subsume formal realization patterns that do not encode a difference in function. This suggests that the Principle of No Synonymy largely breaks down at low levels of formal description. The study also offers a constructional account of subject extraposition by identifying a number of subject extraposition constructions, thereby showing that this is a syntactic phenomenon that is best analyzed as a family of constructions.
这项基于语料库的研究通过考察主语外加的句法实现(例如，it is important to, it seems that)，并通过考察在哪个(多个)形式描述的层次上，形式的差异也会导致功能的差异，来跨抽象层次检验无同义原则。结果表明，在不同的抽象层次上可以找到不同的形式和功能对，即结构，但这些结构也包含了不编码功能差异的形式实现模式。这表明无同义原则在较低层次的形式描述中基本失效。该研究还通过识别一些主语外置结构提供了主语外置的结构说明，从而表明这是一种句法现象，最好作为一个结构家族来分析。
{"title":"Testing the Principle of No Synonymy across levels of abstraction","authors":"Samantha Laporte, Tove Larsson, Larissa Goulart","doi":"10.1075/cf.00052.lap","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00052.lap","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This corpus-based study tests the Principle of No Synonymy across levels of abstraction by examining the syntactic\u0000 realizations of subject extraposition (e.g., it is important to, it seems that), and by investigating at which\u0000 level(s) of formal description a difference in form also entails a difference in function. The results show that distinct pairs of\u0000 form and function, i.e. constructions, can be found at different levels of abstraction, but that these constructions also subsume\u0000 formal realization patterns that do not encode a difference in function. This suggests that the Principle of No Synonymy largely\u0000 breaks down at low levels of formal description. The study also offers a constructional account of subject extraposition by\u0000 identifying a number of subject extraposition constructions, thereby showing that this is a syntactic phenomenon that is best\u0000 analyzed as a family of constructions.","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59381939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the formal and functional properties of so-called semi-insubordination (SIS), i.e. complex sentences with an ‘incomplete’ matrix clause (e.g. Funny that you should say that), on the basis of corpus data. It is shown that SIS differs in its function from the structurally related constructions it-extraposition and exclamatives, exhibiting its own functional profile: viz. expressing a subjectivizing speaker evaluation which is non-exclamative, deictically anchored, and relates to a non-presupposed proposition. Given these functional idiosyncrasies it is argued that SIS is best analysed as a construction in its own right (in terms of Construction Grammar) rather than simply an incomplete elliptical structure.
{"title":"Funny you should say that","authors":"Gunther Kaltenböck","doi":"10.1075/cf.00049.kal","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00049.kal","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper investigates the formal and functional properties of so-called semi-insubordination (SIS), i.e. complex\u0000 sentences with an ‘incomplete’ matrix clause (e.g. Funny that you should say that), on the basis of corpus data. It is\u0000 shown that SIS differs in its function from the structurally related constructions it-extraposition and exclamatives,\u0000 exhibiting its own functional profile: viz. expressing a subjectivizing speaker evaluation which is non-exclamative, deictically anchored,\u0000 and relates to a non-presupposed proposition. Given these functional idiosyncrasies it is argued that SIS is best analysed as a construction\u0000 in its own right (in terms of Construction Grammar) rather than simply an incomplete elliptical structure.","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47624152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores questions of constructionality and framing in Internet discourse. It proposes a sharper understanding of what, as analysts, we mean by Internet memes, before turning to formal and semantic aspects of Internet memes as multimodal (image-text) constructions. A broad range of examples is considered, but the focus is mainly on image macro memes and labelling memes. Particular attention is focused on the presentational templates that mark out particular meme constructions, and grounds for distinctions between creative constructs and entrenched, conventionalized constructions are offered. The role of frames in the meaning-making mechanisms of memes is investigated, and also explored for a type of Twitter discourse not usually considered alongside established Internet memes.
{"title":"Creative constructs, constructions, and frames in Internet discourse","authors":"Lieven Vandelanotte","doi":"10.1075/cf.00050.van","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00050.van","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper explores questions of constructionality and framing in Internet discourse. It proposes a sharper understanding\u0000 of what, as analysts, we mean by Internet memes, before turning to formal and semantic aspects of Internet memes as multimodal (image-text)\u0000 constructions. A broad range of examples is considered, but the focus is mainly on image macro memes and labelling memes. Particular\u0000 attention is focused on the presentational templates that mark out particular meme constructions, and grounds for distinctions between\u0000 creative constructs and entrenched, conventionalized constructions are offered. The role of frames in the meaning-making mechanisms of memes\u0000 is investigated, and also explored for a type of Twitter discourse not usually considered alongside established Internet memes.","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42845921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructional Approach(es) to Discourse-Level Phenomena","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/cf.13.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.13.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46999708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/cf.00044.edi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00044.edi","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48292093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discourse-level phenomena in construction grammars","authors":"Renata Enghels, María Sol Sansiñena","doi":"10.1075/cf.00045.int","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00045.int","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48899003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper offers an analysis of insubordinate subjunctive complement clauses (ISCs) in Spanish and aims to contribute to the general debate in Construction Grammar on how to deal with a highly pragmatically specified surface form that expresses several meanings. We explore whether the meanings expressed by ISCs are encoded in the construction or can be derived via independently existing principles of pragmatic interpretation. The results of the analysis are represented in a constructional network.
{"title":"Semantic polyfunctionality and constructional networks","authors":"Sofía Pérez Fernández, P. Gras, F. Brisard","doi":"10.1075/cf.00048.fer","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00048.fer","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper offers an analysis of insubordinate subjunctive complement clauses (ISCs) in Spanish and aims to contribute to\u0000 the general debate in Construction Grammar on how to deal with a highly pragmatically specified surface form that expresses several\u0000 meanings. We explore whether the meanings expressed by ISCs are encoded in the construction or can be derived via independently existing\u0000 principles of pragmatic interpretation. The results of the analysis are represented in a constructional network.","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43101437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on emphatic sentence fragments of the type Not in a million years!. While such fragments can be partially accounted for by a known type of ellipsis, namely ‘stripping’, it is argued here that this type is best treated as a construction in its own right, with formal, semantic and pragmatic properties specific to it. One useful concept is what could be called ‘negative expansion’. This is a discourse-level construction whereby an already negative clause is followed by one or more negative clause fragments, whose negation is a repetition, rather than cancellation, of the negation in the preceding clause, as in It will never happen. Not today. Not tomorrow. Not ever.
本文主要研究Not in a million years类型的强调句片段。虽然这种片段可以部分地由一种已知的省略号来解释，即“剥离”，但本文认为，这种类型最好被视为一种独立的结构，具有其特有的形式、语义和语用属性。一个有用的概念是所谓的“负扩张”。这是一种话语级结构，在一个已经否定的从句后面跟一个或多个否定从句片段，这些片段的否定是对前一个从句中的否定的重复，而不是取消，就像在It will never happen中一样。不是今天。不是明天。永远不会。
{"title":"Not-fragments and negative expansion","authors":"B. Cappelle","doi":"10.1075/cf.00047.cap","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00047.cap","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper focuses on emphatic sentence fragments of the type Not in a million years!. While such\u0000 fragments can be partially accounted for by a known type of ellipsis, namely ‘stripping’, it is argued here that this type is best treated\u0000 as a construction in its own right, with formal, semantic and pragmatic properties specific to it. One useful concept is what could be\u0000 called ‘negative expansion’. This is a discourse-level construction whereby an already negative clause is followed by one or more negative\u0000 clause fragments, whose negation is a repetition, rather than cancellation, of the negation in the preceding clause, as in It will\u0000 never happen. Not today. Not tomorrow. Not ever.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47338825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grammatical organization of conversational language presents us with the challenge of incorporating recurrent contextual and discourse-relevant properties in grammatical descriptions, as part of speakers’ conventional knowledge. Using data from conversational Czech extracted from the Czech National Corpus, I address this issue by tracing the relationships among a set of dative-marked expressions of interpersonal relations (traditionally labeled ‘ethical datives’) and their connection to argument-expressing dative NPs. The discourse-referential expressions form a family of distinct patterns, the differences having to do with person (1st, 2nd) and number (sg. vs. pl.); functionally, they range from marking subjectively assessed newsworthiness to signaling evidentiality and solidarity to expressing the speaker’s emotional state. The attendant reorganization of formal, semantic, and discourse features that define these dative-marked items amounts to several patterns – ‘interactional datives’ – and I show that they have the status of grammatical constructions, which are conventionally tied to certain types of discourse settings and speaker-hearer expectations. In order to represent these constructions and their relationship to other, partially related, patterns, I propose a network representation in the form of contiguous functional spaces that overlap at the boundary between argument-expression and interactional markers.
{"title":"Discourse-referential patterns as a network of grammatical constructions","authors":"Mirjam Fried","doi":"10.1075/cf.00046.fri","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.00046.fri","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Grammatical organization of conversational language presents us with the challenge of incorporating recurrent contextual\u0000 and discourse-relevant properties in grammatical descriptions, as part of speakers’ conventional knowledge. Using data from conversational\u0000 Czech extracted from the Czech National Corpus, I address this issue by tracing the relationships among a set of dative-marked expressions\u0000 of interpersonal relations (traditionally labeled ‘ethical datives’) and their connection to argument-expressing dative NPs. The\u0000 discourse-referential expressions form a family of distinct patterns, the differences having to do with person (1st, 2nd) and number (sg.\u0000 vs. pl.); functionally, they range from marking subjectively assessed newsworthiness to signaling evidentiality and solidarity to expressing\u0000 the speaker’s emotional state. The attendant reorganization of formal, semantic, and discourse features that define these dative-marked\u0000 items amounts to several patterns – ‘interactional datives’ – and I show that they have the status of grammatical constructions, which are\u0000 conventionally tied to certain types of discourse settings and speaker-hearer expectations. In order to represent these constructions and\u0000 their relationship to other, partially related, patterns, I propose a network representation in the form of contiguous functional spaces\u0000 that overlap at the boundary between argument-expression and interactional markers.","PeriodicalId":42321,"journal":{"name":"Constructions and Frames","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47254388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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