Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14201/SHHME202038297116
Thomas Kohl
Engaging with supernatural forces was a necessity for Carolingian peasants – Christian authorities expected this and the belief in the inevitability of these acts seems to have been widely shared by contemporaries who lived in a world far beyond their control. Miracle collections show that peasants (and others) made conscious decisions about the way in which they wanted to interact with supernatural forces. In doing this, they also took into account the networks of individuals and institutions who controlled the saints’ resting places, which could provide invaluable support for those seeking help. Others chose practices beyond what contemporary elites regarded as legitimate, such as hiring weather-makers to prevent bad weather. In some cases, peasants actively sought to enter into a saint’s dependency, either by giving themselves to the saint or by convincing their lords to hand them over to a saint and his or her shrine.
{"title":"Peasant Agency and the Supernatural","authors":"Thomas Kohl","doi":"10.14201/SHHME202038297116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME202038297116","url":null,"abstract":"Engaging with supernatural forces was a necessity for Carolingian peasants – Christian authorities expected this and the belief in the inevitability of these acts seems to have been widely shared by contemporaries who lived in a world far beyond their control. Miracle collections show that peasants (and others) made conscious decisions about the way in which they wanted to interact with supernatural forces. In doing this, they also took into account the networks of individuals and institutions who controlled the saints’ resting places, which could provide invaluable support for those seeking help. Others chose practices beyond what contemporary elites regarded as legitimate, such as hiring weather-makers to prevent bad weather. In some cases, peasants actively sought to enter into a saint’s dependency, either by giving themselves to the saint or by convincing their lords to hand them over to a saint and his or her shrine.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46263766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.14201/SHHME2020382155187
Carlos Tejerizo-García
Tradicionalmente, el noroeste peninsular en época altomedieval se había presentado en términos de excepcionalidad, como un territorio con características particulares y diferenciadas del resto de la Península Ibérica. Esta presunción generó algunos problemas en el análisis de la transformación del sistema de poblamiento entre el fin del Imperio Romano y la Alta Edad Media. La incorporación de nuevos registros, sobre todo aquellos provenientes de la arqueología comercial y de algunos proyectos de investigación específicos, están permitiendo no solo reconocer algunos importantes fenómenos, en términos de poblamiento, similares a otros territorios peninsulares, como la emergencia de la aldea altomedieval, sino también reconsiderar otros, como el papel de los asentamientos fortificados en altura. En este trabajo se presentan algunas reflexiones e hipótesis sobre la transformación del poblamiento en el interior de Gallaecia en este período a partir de los nuevos datos arqueológicos disponibles.
{"title":"El poblamiento en el interior de la Gallaecia entre el final del Imperio Romano y la Alta Edad Media: nuevos datos, nuevas propuestas","authors":"Carlos Tejerizo-García","doi":"10.14201/SHHME2020382155187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME2020382155187","url":null,"abstract":"Tradicionalmente, el noroeste peninsular en época altomedieval se había presentado en términos de excepcionalidad, como un territorio con características particulares y diferenciadas del resto de la Península Ibérica. Esta presunción generó algunos problemas en el análisis de la transformación del sistema de poblamiento entre el fin del Imperio Romano y la Alta Edad Media. La incorporación de nuevos registros, sobre todo aquellos provenientes de la arqueología comercial y de algunos proyectos de investigación específicos, están permitiendo no solo reconocer algunos importantes fenómenos, en términos de poblamiento, similares a otros territorios peninsulares, como la emergencia de la aldea altomedieval, sino también reconsiderar otros, como el papel de los asentamientos fortificados en altura. En este trabajo se presentan algunas reflexiones e hipótesis sobre la transformación del poblamiento en el interior de Gallaecia en este período a partir de los nuevos datos arqueológicos disponibles.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48230330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.14201/shhme20203812957
Susana Calvo Capilla
{"title":"Los inicios de la arquitectura religiosa en al-Andalus y su contexto islámico","authors":"Susana Calvo Capilla","doi":"10.14201/shhme20203812957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/shhme20203812957","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66733748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.14201/SHHME20203827595
Nicolas Schroeder
This paper examines the degree of economic and political autonomy of peasants in monastic estates in 10th century Lotharingia. While it is beyond doubt that local societies were deeply enmeshed in networks of aristocratic control, it is also possible to identify areas of autonomy. Monastic lordship was not all encompassing as it was structurally limited in its capacity to control every aspect of peasants’ lives and to prevent all forms of disobedience. Despite the violent and sometimes arbitrary nature of aristocratic power, negotiations between peasants and lords played an important role, especially as peasant households developed a form of subsistence economy that involved production for commercial exchange. In this context, some monasteries were willing to grant more productive means and autonomy to peasants. These initiatives were sometimes supported by a paternalistic «vocabulary of lordship» and a «moral economy» that patronized peasants, but could also be mobilized to support their interests.
{"title":"Peasant Initiative and Monastic Estate Management in 10th Century Lotharingia","authors":"Nicolas Schroeder","doi":"10.14201/SHHME20203827595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME20203827595","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the degree of economic and political autonomy of peasants in monastic estates in 10th century Lotharingia. While it is beyond doubt that local societies were deeply enmeshed in networks of aristocratic control, it is also possible to identify areas of autonomy. Monastic lordship was not all encompassing as it was structurally limited in its capacity to control every aspect of peasants’ lives and to prevent all forms of disobedience. Despite the violent and sometimes arbitrary nature of aristocratic power, negotiations between peasants and lords played an important role, especially as peasant households developed a form of subsistence economy that involved production for commercial exchange. In this context, some monasteries were willing to grant more productive means and autonomy to peasants. These initiatives were sometimes supported by a paternalistic «vocabulary of lordship» and a «moral economy» that patronized peasants, but could also be mobilized to support their interests.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47532824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.14201/SHHME201937179103
Ernesto Pastor Díaz de Garayo
Se formula la hipotesis de que el relato de las acciones de Odoario, obispo de Lugo-Braga, situadas por diversos pergaminos sueltos entre los anos 662 y 747, fueron resultado de una elaboracion urdida en el scriptorium de la sede de Lugo-Braga, principalmente, durante los primeros decenios del siglo xi. El contexto que, posiblemente, propicio estas maniobras fue el de una importante crisis social y politica –alfetena– que puso en peligro las capacidades de la sede para ejercer la dominacion sobre personas y tierras. El recurso a la «presura» efectuada por Odoario debio ser la opcion que la sede estimo como mas adecuada para reivindicar en diversos escenarios judiciales la legitimidad de los derechos que estaban en peligro. A esta coyuntura habria que anadir la que, con otras dimensiones, tuvo lugar a finales del siglo xi y comienzos del siglo xii. Entonces la restauracion de la sede de Braga debio generar conflictos entre esta y la de Lugo. Esta coyuntura activo otros procesos de produccion documental, en los que la reivindicacion de la condicion de metropolitana no debio jugar un papel menor.
{"title":"El uso de la «presura» en el scriptorium de la sede de Lugo-Braga durante el siglo XI: el ejemplo de Odoario, el obispo «presor» de la octava centuria","authors":"Ernesto Pastor Díaz de Garayo","doi":"10.14201/SHHME201937179103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME201937179103","url":null,"abstract":"Se formula la hipotesis de que el relato de las acciones de Odoario, obispo de Lugo-Braga, situadas por diversos pergaminos sueltos entre los anos 662 y 747, fueron resultado de una elaboracion urdida en el scriptorium de la sede de Lugo-Braga, principalmente, durante los primeros decenios del siglo xi. El contexto que, posiblemente, propicio estas maniobras fue el de una importante crisis social y politica –alfetena– que puso en peligro las capacidades de la sede para ejercer la dominacion sobre personas y tierras. El recurso a la «presura» efectuada por Odoario debio ser la opcion que la sede estimo como mas adecuada para reivindicar en diversos escenarios judiciales la legitimidad de los derechos que estaban en peligro. A esta coyuntura habria que anadir la que, con otras dimensiones, tuvo lugar a finales del siglo xi y comienzos del siglo xii. Entonces la restauracion de la sede de Braga debio generar conflictos entre esta y la de Lugo. Esta coyuntura activo otros procesos de produccion documental, en los que la reivindicacion de la condicion de metropolitana no debio jugar un papel menor.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47280787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.14201/SHHME2019371165185
Concepción Rodríguez-Parada, Núria Jornet i Benito
This paper forms part from the research project Spiritual Landscapes Model of Spatial Analysis of the Transformation of Women’s Medieval Religiosity in the Iberian Kingdoms (12th-16th Centuries) (http://www.ub.edu/proyectopaisajes/index.php). Our aim is to show and analyse a confraternity book, and to discover the potential of this source as a starting point to carry out an investigation focused on the foundation and development of devotional brotherhoods in the Middle Ages. Finally, to illustrate the relevance of the prosopographical method to visualize the active role of laypersons in late medieval society, and the spiritual and solidarity networks that are established between the brothers, who come from different geographical and social areas. The early date of the foundation of a brotherhood in the convent of the Dominican nuns of Santa Maria de Montesion (Barcelona) in 1488 on dona Juana de Aragon initiative reveals the important role played by these Dominican nuns in the society of Barcelona in this period and its position of spiritual topography.
{"title":"Llibre de confraria del roser del any 1489 del monasterio de Santa María de Montesión de Barcelona: un ejemplo de red devocional","authors":"Concepción Rodríguez-Parada, Núria Jornet i Benito","doi":"10.14201/SHHME2019371165185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME2019371165185","url":null,"abstract":"This paper forms part from the research project Spiritual Landscapes Model of Spatial Analysis of the Transformation of Women’s Medieval Religiosity in the Iberian Kingdoms (12th-16th Centuries) (http://www.ub.edu/proyectopaisajes/index.php). Our aim is to show and analyse a confraternity book, and to discover the potential of this source as a starting point to carry out an investigation focused on the foundation and development of devotional brotherhoods in the Middle Ages. Finally, to illustrate the relevance of the prosopographical method to visualize the active role of laypersons in late medieval society, and the spiritual and solidarity networks that are established between the brothers, who come from different geographical and social areas. The early date of the foundation of a brotherhood in the convent of the Dominican nuns of Santa Maria de Montesion (Barcelona) in 1488 on dona Juana de Aragon initiative reveals the important role played by these Dominican nuns in the society of Barcelona in this period and its position of spiritual topography.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41320582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.14201/SHHME2019371187206
J. D. Arce
It is known the importance of mercantile corporations in the increment of medieval naval commerce. However, the analysis of the Merchants University of Bilbao, the largest Cantabrian port of pre-industrial Castile, has been relegated due to lack of documentation. But, thanks to the discovery of new sources, very abundant and of great documentary wealth, I present this study on the structure of the mercantile guild and its activity of port management before its constitution in a Consulate of the sea, instituted by the Crown in 1511.
{"title":"Los inicios de la Universidad de Mercaderes de Bilbao (1481-1511). Corporación de representación gremial e institución de gobierno portuario","authors":"J. D. Arce","doi":"10.14201/SHHME2019371187206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME2019371187206","url":null,"abstract":"It is known the importance of mercantile corporations in the increment of medieval naval commerce. However, the analysis of the Merchants University of Bilbao, the largest Cantabrian port of pre-industrial Castile, has been relegated due to lack of documentation. But, thanks to the discovery of new sources, very abundant and of great documentary wealth, I present this study on the structure of the mercantile guild and its activity of port management before its constitution in a Consulate of the sea, instituted by the Crown in 1511.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41857599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.14201/SHHME2019371139164
David Peterson
In the mid-tenth Century a wildfire ravaged the northern Meseta, and particularly Castile, leaving its mark not only in the narrative records of the moment and of successive generations, but also, rather exceptionally, in the diplomatic register where, in the months following the disaster, there would be a marked increase in activity. This is most keenly observed in an until now misunderstood dossier of twelve documents dating from the first half of 950 and referring to the monastery of Buezo which has been preserved in the Becerro Gotico of Valpuesta. This unusual coincidence between the annalistic and diplomatic genres, which has gone unnoticed until now, offers a unique insight into the nature of peasant life in times of crisis, and the relationship between such events and the generation of notarial acts.
{"title":"El gran incendio castellano de 949. Huella diplomática y memoria histórica de un desastre natural","authors":"David Peterson","doi":"10.14201/SHHME2019371139164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/SHHME2019371139164","url":null,"abstract":"In the mid-tenth Century a wildfire ravaged the northern Meseta, and particularly Castile, leaving its mark not only in the narrative records of the moment and of successive generations, but also, rather exceptionally, in the diplomatic register where, in the months following the disaster, there would be a marked increase in activity. This is most keenly observed in an until now misunderstood dossier of twelve documents dating from the first half of 950 and referring to the monastery of Buezo which has been preserved in the Becerro Gotico of Valpuesta. This unusual coincidence between the annalistic and diplomatic genres, which has gone unnoticed until now, offers a unique insight into the nature of peasant life in times of crisis, and the relationship between such events and the generation of notarial acts.","PeriodicalId":42329,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historica-Historia Medieval","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41748185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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