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2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)最新文献

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Ensuring future clean electrical energy supply through cloud computing 通过云计算保障未来的清洁电力供应
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177616
B. Bitzer, E. S. Gebretsadik
Power delivery systems are composed of generation, transmission and distribution system networks, loads, control and management systems. In the effort of providing a clean electric power to the consumer not only the energy sources need to be reformed but also all the above components have to be considered simultaneously using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to reduce cost, save energy, increase sustainability and reliability. In addition to the traditional energy generation, transmission and distribution networks, the future grids expected to accommodate the distributed renewable energy generation, energy storage, demand side management systems, the ability to moderate consumption through dynamic pricing and demand response load reduction signaling based on grid and market conditions. Such smart grid applications require computing infrastructures that guarantees scalability, real-time, consistency, privacy and security. This paper tries to assess the smart grid applications computing requirements, review literatures in this topic and suggest green solutions.
电力输送系统由发电、输配电系统网络、负荷、控制和管理系统组成。在向消费者提供清洁电力的努力中,不仅需要改革能源来源,而且还必须同时考虑使用信息和通信技术(ICT)来降低成本,节约能源,增加可持续性和可靠性。除了传统的能源发电、输电和配电网络,未来电网预计将容纳分布式可再生能源发电、能源存储、需求侧管理系统,通过动态定价和基于电网和市场条件的需求响应负荷减少信号来调节消费的能力。这种智能电网应用需要保证可扩展性、实时性、一致性、隐私性和安全性的计算基础设施。本文试图评估智能电网应用的计算需求,回顾该主题的文献,并提出绿色解决方案。
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引用次数: 6
Performance comparison of wind energy conversion system technologies 风能转换系统技术性能比较
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177631
A. P. Ferreira, C. Vaz
This paper intends to give some insights on the performance comparison of two main conversion system technologies from a set of wind farms from two major promoters in the Portuguese wind energy sector. Conversion system technologies under analysis are based on the generator type, synchronous and asynchronous, which are the basis of the dominant technological trends in actual market. The performance assessment is accomplished using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology, by computing the Malmquist index for group's comparison. From the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that farms with conversion systems based on synchronous generators have a better performance than the ones using conversion systems based on asynchronous generators. These conclusions may support the decision makers in repowering and overpowering processes.
本文旨在对葡萄牙风能部门两大推动者的一组风电场的两种主要转换系统技术的性能比较给出一些见解。所分析的转换系统技术是基于发电机类型,同步和异步,这是实际市场主导技术趋势的基础。绩效评估采用数据包络分析(DEA)方法,通过计算Malmquist指数进行组间比较。从所获得的结果可以得出结论,使用基于同步发电机的转换系统的农场比使用基于异步发电机的转换系统的农场具有更好的性能。这些结论可能会支持决策者重新推动和压制过程。
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引用次数: 2
Reference strings for statistical monitoring of the energy performance of photovoltaic fields 光伏场能源性能统计监测的参考串
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177552
L. Cristaldi, M. Faifer, G. Leone, S. Vergura
The paper deals with the issues to monitor the energy performance of Photo Voltaic (PV) fields by means of low cost hardware. In fact, the monitoring systems for low or medium rated power PV plants are often constituted by a limited number of sensors and low processing capacity. These systems allow a supervision of the PV fields when strong reductions of the produced energy happen, but they are ineffective to alert the end user about a gradual energy reduction. These issues are related to the natural ageing of PV modules, the dust or dirt accumulation on the PV modules, and so on. This paper proposes a methodology based on inferential tools, which return information about the correct operation of the PV field. The methodology needs an initial training that allows to define one or more reference strings, which will be used as benchmarks for future comparisons.
本文讨论了利用低成本硬件对光伏电站的能量性能进行监测的问题。实际上,低、中额定功率光伏电站的监测系统往往是由传感器数量有限和处理能力低组成的。当发电量大幅减少时,这些系统可以对光伏电站进行监督,但它们无法提醒最终用户能源逐渐减少。这些问题与光伏组件的自然老化,光伏组件上的灰尘或污垢堆积等有关。本文提出了一种基于推理工具的方法,该方法可以返回关于PV场正确操作的信息。该方法需要进行初始训练,允许定义一个或多个参考字符串,这些字符串将用作未来比较的基准。
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引用次数: 17
Constant switching frequency control-based linear-assisted DC/DC regulator for photovoltaic solar-powered facilities 基于恒开关频率控制的光伏太阳能发电设施线性辅助DC/DC稳压器
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177594
H. Martínez-García, A. Grau-Saldes
This article shows the proposal of a linear-assisted converter or linear-&-switching hybrid converter with a constant switching frequency. The control loop of the system is based on the current-mode technique. The main disadvantage of a converter with current-mode control is the inherent instability of the loop when switch duty ratios are greater than 0.5. In order to make stable the proposed linear-assisted converter, the article shows the technique based on a slope compensation.
本文提出了一种具有恒定开关频率的线性辅助变换器或线性-开关混合变换器。该系统的控制回路是基于电流模式技术。采用电流模式控制的变换器的主要缺点是当开关占空比大于0.5时,回路固有的不稳定性。为了使所提出的线性辅助变换器稳定,本文提出了一种基于斜率补偿的技术。
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引用次数: 1
Frontiers of photovoltaic technology: A review 光伏技术前沿:综述
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177610
A. F. Morgera, V. Lughi
As photovoltaics (PV) cost reduction driven by economies of scale is approaching a limit, technological breakthroughs are likely to become again the next driver for further growth. In this paper, we review the most significant photovoltaic (PV) device technologies. First, commercially available cells and modules are briefly surveyed, focusing on the innovations that have recently reached the market, both in silicon-based and thin-film devices. We then identify some significant pre-market technologies such as organic PV and dye-sensitized solar cells, outlining the advantages as well as the obstacles that still hinder large-scale commercialization. A critical review is finally presented for the most promising approaches and some emerging technologies currently under investigation for simultaneously meeting the three key objectives in PV research, all aiming at further reducing the cost per kWh: low fabrication cost, systems integration, and overcoming the standard limit for photoconversion efficiency. All approaches heavily rely on nanotechnology, as the key mechanisms involved in PV conversion occur at the nanoscale.
随着规模经济驱动的光伏成本下降接近极限,技术突破可能再次成为进一步增长的下一个驱动力。在本文中,我们回顾了最重要的光伏(PV)器件技术。首先,简要地调查了商业上可用的电池和模块,重点是最近进入市场的创新,包括硅基和薄膜器件。然后,我们确定了一些重要的上市前技术,如有机光伏和染料敏化太阳能电池,概述了其优势以及仍然阻碍大规模商业化的障碍。最后,对目前正在研究的最有前途的方法和一些新兴技术进行了批判性的回顾,以同时满足光伏研究的三个关键目标,所有这些目标都旨在进一步降低每千瓦时的成本:低制造成本,系统集成和克服光转换效率的标准限制。所有的方法都严重依赖于纳米技术,因为涉及光伏转换的关键机制发生在纳米尺度上。
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引用次数: 16
Energy loss minimisation by optimal design of stationary supercapacitors for light railways 轻轨固定式超级电容器优化设计的能量损失最小化
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177538
T. Ratniyomchai, S. Hillmansen, P. Tricoli
This paper presents a methodology to design the optimal capacitances and locations of stationary supercapacitors for light DC railways based on a single train simulator. The objective function of the optimisation problem takes into account the energy consumption of the substations and the total line energy loss. The problem includes an isoperimetric constraint to maintain to zero the net energy supplied by supercapacitors at the end of each cycle. The suitable fitting weight coefficients employed in the objective functions can be obtained by the Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swam Optimisation. The learning process of the optimisation procedure studies the effect of the energy storage capacity for different positions of supercapacitors along the track. From the optimisation algorithm it has been found that the minimal capacitance for each section is obtained when supercapacitors are located around the middle between two adjacent substations. Finally, the examples of the practical design of the supercapacitors modules have been presented by using commercially available modules.
本文提出了一种基于单列模拟器的轻型直流铁路固定式超级电容器最佳电容和位置设计方法。优化问题的目标函数考虑了变电站能耗和线路总能量损耗。该问题包括一个等周约束,以保持超级电容器在每个循环结束时提供的净能量为零。通过遗传算法和粒子游优化,可以得到目标函数中合适的拟合权系数。优化过程的学习过程研究了超级电容器在轨道上不同位置对储能容量的影响。从优化算法中发现,当超级电容器位于相邻两个变电站之间的中间位置时,每个区段的电容最小。最后,给出了利用市售模组设计超级电容器模组的实例。
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引用次数: 14
Technical comparison between a gas-insulated line and a traditional three-bundled OHL for a 400 kV, 200 km connection 400千伏200公里线路中气体绝缘线路与传统三束OHL线路的技术比较
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177553
D. Lauria, S. Quaia
Aiming to explore the applicability of Gas-Insulated Lines (GILs) over long distances, in this paper we perform a technical comparison between a GIL and a three-conductor bundled, traditional overhead line (OHL), for a 400 kV, 200 km long connection. The technical comparison is based upon transmission capacity and power losses. We derive the transmission capacity of the two systems from the relevant loadability curves, for the selected line length L=200 km. For this length, OHLs loadability curves are normally determined by the voltage drop limit, ΔVmax (i.e. the maximum voltage drop allowed across the line), whereas the GIL loadability can be determined - according to the selected GIL parameters - by the thermal limit. In addition to power losses in the conductors, Gil losses include losses in the enclosures. The results point out remarkable advantages for the GIL solution.
为了探讨气体绝缘线路(GILs)在长距离输电中的适用性,本文对400千伏、200公里长的线路中,气体绝缘线路与三芯捆扎的传统架空线(OHL)进行了技术比较。技术比较是根据传输容量和功率损耗进行的。选取线路长度L=200 km时,由相关的负荷曲线推导出两系统的输电容量。对于这个长度,OHLs负载曲线通常由电压降极限ΔVmax(即允许的最大电压降)决定,而GIL负载可以根据所选的GIL参数通过热极限来确定。除了导体中的功率损耗外,Gil损耗还包括外壳中的损耗。结果表明GIL解决方案具有显著的优势。
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引用次数: 4
Efficiency evaluation of a micro-generation system for energy recovery in water distribution networks 配水网能量回收微型发电系统效率评价
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177566
A. Dannier, A. Del Pizzo, M. Giugni, N. Fontana, G. Marini, D. Proto
The paper deals with the efficiency evaluation of a micro-generation unit for energy recovery in water distribution networks. The analyzed system includes an electric motor-driven pump working as turbine/generator, connected to the electrical grid through a bi-directional power converter. The micro-generation unit is implemented in an experimental setup which simulates a real water network in a reduced scale. The unit was tested and analyzed in order to monitor some critical electrical quantities as well as to evaluate its generating efficiency. In the measurements campaign, various operating conditions were analyzed. The corresponding results are reported and discussed.
本文研究了一种微型发电机组在配水网中的能量回收效率评价。所分析的系统包括一个作为涡轮/发电机的电动驱动泵,通过双向电源转换器连接到电网。微型发电装置在模拟实际水网的实验装置中实现。对该机组进行了测试和分析,以监测一些关键电量并评估其发电效率。在测量活动中,分析了各种操作条件。对相应的结果进行了报道和讨论。
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引用次数: 14
Optimal dispatch control of energy storage systems using forward-backward induction 基于前向-后向感应的储能系统最优调度控制
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177572
B. Abegaz, S. Mahajan
The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the power grid provides support for a significant share of the total power load and helps reduce transmission power losses. However, these advantages are not always guaranteed since the power profiles of DERs have high variability and the number of DERs is too many to control on an individual basis. In a hybrid energy system, these problems are counteracted through the aggregation and balancing of the variability of each distributed energy resource. This paper discusses optimal dispatch control mechanisms for 200 V, 500 Ah battery energy storage systems that support a 10 MW hybrid energy system, composed of distributed energy sources such as 1 MW solar photovoltaic (PV) generation and a 9 MW wind turbine based generation. The proposed mechanisms focus on the dispatch control of energy storage systems using forward and backward induction. For that purpose, the interdependence of frequency, state of charge (SOC), undercharge and reversible effects in the battery energy systems were used to identify the optimal operating margin for the dispatch of the energy storage systems. The hybrid energy system was implemented using Matlab-Simulink and the dispatch control mechanism was programmed using IBM CPLEX studio. With such setup, the hybrid system was able to maintain 85% capacity factor per day while the system interruption and unavailability were reduced by 65%. The results demonstrate that the functionality of DERs increases significantly while being supported by optimally dispatched energy storage systems.
将分布式能源(DERs)集成到电网中为总电力负荷的很大一部分提供支持,并有助于减少传输功率损耗。然而,这些优势并不总是得到保证,因为der的功率曲线具有很高的可变性,并且der的数量太多,无法在单个基础上进行控制。在混合能源系统中,这些问题通过聚合和平衡每个分布式能源的可变性来抵消。本文讨论了支持10mw混合能源系统的200v, 500ah电池储能系统的最优调度控制机制,该混合能源系统由1mw太阳能光伏发电和9mw风力发电等分布式能源组成。所提出的机制侧重于利用正向和反向感应对储能系统进行调度控制。为此,利用电池能量系统中频率、荷电状态(SOC)、欠充和可逆效应的相互依赖关系,确定储能系统调度的最佳运行裕度。混合能源系统采用Matlab-Simulink实现,调度控制机制采用IBM CPLEX studio编程。通过这样的设置,混合系统每天能够保持85%的容量系数,而系统中断和不可用性减少了65%。结果表明,在优化调度的储能系统支持下,DERs的功能显著增强。
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引用次数: 5
An optimised methodology to predict the wind farms production 一种预测风电场产量的优化方法
Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177558
E. Carlini, A. Ianniciello, C. Pisani, A. Vaccaro, D. Villacci
Renewable energy sources (RES), are widely recognized as an effective solution to face with the rapid depletion of oil resources and an interesting energy option to ensure the energy supplies security and the meeting of the targets imposed by the international regulatory frameworks devoted to contrast the global warming. Wind energy source is undoubtedly one of the primary energy source able to provide a significant contribution to the fulfillment of the load curve. Nonetheless, wind energy source is one of the most challenging to predict due to the (i) high level of uncertainty and randomness of the physical phenomenon, (ii) strong dependence on the site topography, (iii) high non-linearity of the involved processes. The massive penetration of wind farms in the existing electrical power systems hence sensibly affects the related secure operation. To provide a solution at the above issue, the present paper aims at the development of an advanced methodology for estimating the wind farms producibility and for characterizing locally the predictions of European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model or equivalently the ones of the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO). The ingredients which makes the developed methodology optimal are high resolution digital terrain models, proper lateral boundary conditions provided by COSMO-I2 model, optimized wind generation curves derived by the application of statistical identification techniques on wind speed-power. The research activities are included in a research project with the partnership of the Italian TSO, TERNA, and the Italian Center for Aereospatial Research, CIRA.
可再生能源(RES)被广泛认为是应对石油资源迅速枯竭的有效解决方案,是确保能源供应安全和满足致力于对抗全球变暖的国际监管框架所规定目标的有趣能源选择。风能无疑是能够为实现负荷曲线提供重要贡献的主要能源之一。尽管如此,由于(i)物理现象的高度不确定性和随机性,(ii)对场地地形的强烈依赖,(iii)所涉及过程的高度非线性,风能资源是最具挑战性的预测之一。因此,风力发电场在现有电力系统中的大规模渗透明显影响到相关的安全运行。为了解决上述问题,本文旨在开发一种先进的方法来估计风电场的生产能力,并对欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)模型或小规模模拟联盟(COSMO)模型的局部预测进行表征。高分辨率的数字地形模型、cosmos - i2模型提供的合适的横向边界条件、应用风速-功率统计识别技术得到的优化的风力生成曲线是该方法的优化要素。研究活动包括在与意大利TSO, TERNA和意大利航空航天研究中心(CIRA)合作的研究项目中。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)
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