Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177573
E. Carlini, G. Pecoraro, G. Marco Tina, C. Quaciari
The quality of the transmission service, in Italy, is managed by the TSO. Although the transmission network is meshed, it often happens a disconnection of some users (cabins processing business distributor or customers AT) due to a fault. The Authority issued the well-defined guidelines that regulate payments and premiums which the TSO is subject. The outages may occur due to events occurring at atypical structure of the network, or in areas normally fed in radial mode. To date, in Italy, there is no risk analysis based on probabilistic considerations taken from historical data in: this article presents a platform able to estimate the risk, taking into account the directives of the Authority. By consulting this platform in the planning stage of a unavailability, the TSO will be aware of the risk and it can decide whether to take corrective action and / or preventive actions to reduce it. In addition, the proposed study, is the basis of the probabilistic assessment of the safety of the electrical system.
{"title":"Risk-based probabilistic approach to estimate power system security in the Sicilian context","authors":"E. Carlini, G. Pecoraro, G. Marco Tina, C. Quaciari","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177573","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the transmission service, in Italy, is managed by the TSO. Although the transmission network is meshed, it often happens a disconnection of some users (cabins processing business distributor or customers AT) due to a fault. The Authority issued the well-defined guidelines that regulate payments and premiums which the TSO is subject. The outages may occur due to events occurring at atypical structure of the network, or in areas normally fed in radial mode. To date, in Italy, there is no risk analysis based on probabilistic considerations taken from historical data in: this article presents a platform able to estimate the risk, taking into account the directives of the Authority. By consulting this platform in the planning stage of a unavailability, the TSO will be aware of the risk and it can decide whether to take corrective action and / or preventive actions to reduce it. In addition, the proposed study, is the basis of the probabilistic assessment of the safety of the electrical system.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"63 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113956609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177613
R. Chedid, I. Baydoun, S. Eid, S. Tarhini, R. Ghajar
Electrical demand continues to increase in both developing and developed countries. In Lebanon, the cost of electricity is relatively high because the utility burns expensive heavy fuel oil and gasoil in low-efficiency power plants. In addition, customers are using expensive private diesel generators to compensate for power shortages caused by the unreliable grid hence further escalating the energy bill of consumers and the GHG emissions. The aim of this paper is to examine the feasibility of implementing PV systems along the existing diesel generators in order to reduce the consumption of diesel fuel used in private generators. A techno-economic analysis is carried out to test the feasibility of such a hybrid system to power a small industrial user. The analysis takes into consideration Government plans regarding power generation expansion, restoration of full power supply in the near future, tariff increase and the commitment to increase the share of renewable energy to 12% by 2020. Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid scheme is technically feasible but economically not very attractive due to the long payback period and the low internal rate of return. The design and implementation of selected incentives that are suitable for the Lebanese case will make such systems very attractive both in the short and long terms.
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of a PV generator operating in a hybrid diesel-unreliable grid system","authors":"R. Chedid, I. Baydoun, S. Eid, S. Tarhini, R. Ghajar","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177613","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical demand continues to increase in both developing and developed countries. In Lebanon, the cost of electricity is relatively high because the utility burns expensive heavy fuel oil and gasoil in low-efficiency power plants. In addition, customers are using expensive private diesel generators to compensate for power shortages caused by the unreliable grid hence further escalating the energy bill of consumers and the GHG emissions. The aim of this paper is to examine the feasibility of implementing PV systems along the existing diesel generators in order to reduce the consumption of diesel fuel used in private generators. A techno-economic analysis is carried out to test the feasibility of such a hybrid system to power a small industrial user. The analysis takes into consideration Government plans regarding power generation expansion, restoration of full power supply in the near future, tariff increase and the commitment to increase the share of renewable energy to 12% by 2020. Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid scheme is technically feasible but economically not very attractive due to the long payback period and the low internal rate of return. The design and implementation of selected incentives that are suitable for the Lebanese case will make such systems very attractive both in the short and long terms.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134337888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177601
Deepak E. Soman, J. Loncarski, M. Srndovic, M. Leijon
Highly random nature of input power from wave energy converters (WEC), especially from direct-driven point absorbers, demands customized power electronic converters for grid connection. In this paper, analysis and comparison of the DC-link stresses in the converter systems for two cases - a single and three collective units, of wave energy converters is given. The AC/DC/AC converter system includes a conventional uncontrolled three phase rectifier, a DC/DC converter to boost the DC-link voltage and an inverter with RL load. The system has been studied under two different controller actions for the DC/DC converter: with constant boost factor and with constant DC-link voltage. A Proportional Integral controller has been used to regulate the voltage in the latter case. Matlab/Simulink based system simulation has been done to compare the DC-link stress. The analysis shows the comparison in DC-link stresses and the requirements of the system for different cases, proving the advantages and the importance of having customized active power conversion methods for minimizing the DC-link stresses.
{"title":"DC-link stress analysis for the grid connection of point absorber type wave energy converters","authors":"Deepak E. Soman, J. Loncarski, M. Srndovic, M. Leijon","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177601","url":null,"abstract":"Highly random nature of input power from wave energy converters (WEC), especially from direct-driven point absorbers, demands customized power electronic converters for grid connection. In this paper, analysis and comparison of the DC-link stresses in the converter systems for two cases - a single and three collective units, of wave energy converters is given. The AC/DC/AC converter system includes a conventional uncontrolled three phase rectifier, a DC/DC converter to boost the DC-link voltage and an inverter with RL load. The system has been studied under two different controller actions for the DC/DC converter: with constant boost factor and with constant DC-link voltage. A Proportional Integral controller has been used to regulate the voltage in the latter case. Matlab/Simulink based system simulation has been done to compare the DC-link stress. The analysis shows the comparison in DC-link stresses and the requirements of the system for different cases, proving the advantages and the importance of having customized active power conversion methods for minimizing the DC-link stresses.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"330 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132982339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177541
L. Schirone, M. Macellari
A dynamic dead time controller for synchronous dc-dc converters is presented. It was specifically designed to operate in a boost stage based on GaN FETs switching at frequencies in the MHz range, but its analog circuitry can be easily modified to accommodate other switch technologies and converter topologies. Experimental tests were carried in the presence of wide variations of the operating conditions, demonstrating stable dead time duration in the few nanoseconds range.
{"title":"General purpose dynamic dead time generator","authors":"L. Schirone, M. Macellari","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177541","url":null,"abstract":"A dynamic dead time controller for synchronous dc-dc converters is presented. It was specifically designed to operate in a boost stage based on GaN FETs switching at frequencies in the MHz range, but its analog circuitry can be easily modified to accommodate other switch technologies and converter topologies. Experimental tests were carried in the presence of wide variations of the operating conditions, demonstrating stable dead time duration in the few nanoseconds range.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122044486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177615
J. Eickmann, J. Kellermann, A. Moser
The optimization of network topology in complex transmission systems requires the evaluation of a large number of potential network topologies. In order to enable an efficient evaluation, a power flow approximation methodology is required. Within this paper, available power flow approximation methods are analysed and a refined method with enhanced system state linearisation is developed. The application of the developed method to all relevant basic topological modifications is presented. The method is applied to a model of the European transmission grid. The results show that the method is capable of efficiently evaluating large amounts of topological modifications in detailed transmission grid models with very high accuracy.
{"title":"Efficient power flow approximation methodology for topology optimization algorithms in transmission system operation","authors":"J. Eickmann, J. Kellermann, A. Moser","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177615","url":null,"abstract":"The optimization of network topology in complex transmission systems requires the evaluation of a large number of potential network topologies. In order to enable an efficient evaluation, a power flow approximation methodology is required. Within this paper, available power flow approximation methods are analysed and a refined method with enhanced system state linearisation is developed. The application of the developed method to all relevant basic topological modifications is presented. The method is applied to a model of the European transmission grid. The results show that the method is capable of efficiently evaluating large amounts of topological modifications in detailed transmission grid models with very high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123797973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177536
M. Carmeli, F. Castelli-Dezza, M. Mauri, G. Foglia
In these years, Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) has progressed to be an effective system for electrical vehicles batteries charging because it offers significant benefits in terms of safe operations even in wet and dirty environment. This paper investigate the design of a disc structure for the energy transmission over an airgap of several hundred millimetres. The main characteristic of the proposed system is the low frequency (20 kHz) of the resonance inverter used to feed the system in order to allow an easy adaption of existing industrial converter. FEM and approximated circuital simulations have been performed to define the optimal design of the system. Preliminary experimental results are presented to validate the approach.
{"title":"Contactless energy transmission system for electrical vehicles batteries charging","authors":"M. Carmeli, F. Castelli-Dezza, M. Mauri, G. Foglia","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177536","url":null,"abstract":"In these years, Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) has progressed to be an effective system for electrical vehicles batteries charging because it offers significant benefits in terms of safe operations even in wet and dirty environment. This paper investigate the design of a disc structure for the energy transmission over an airgap of several hundred millimetres. The main characteristic of the proposed system is the low frequency (20 kHz) of the resonance inverter used to feed the system in order to allow an easy adaption of existing industrial converter. FEM and approximated circuital simulations have been performed to define the optimal design of the system. Preliminary experimental results are presented to validate the approach.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124646895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177623
L. Palma
PV generation systems are characterized by the variability of the power produced due to environmental conditions and changing sun irradiance. In addition, PV panels do not have overload capability and therefore they cannot supply power above their maximum power points during load transients. To solve these issues the use of energy buffer elements such as Supercapacitors has been proposed, which can provide energy to ride through short term generation reduction due to passing clouds or panel shading and can release energy during load transients, thus improving panel characteristics. In this paper analysis of different possible connection points of Supercapacitor banks to a power conditioning system for PV applications has been done. It is shown analytically that the use of an additional DC-DC Converter to connect the supercapacitors to the power conditioner DC-link is the most advantageous option in terms of system performance. Results are validated through computer simulations.
{"title":"Analysis of supercapacitor connection to PV power conditioning systems for improoved performance","authors":"L. Palma","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177623","url":null,"abstract":"PV generation systems are characterized by the variability of the power produced due to environmental conditions and changing sun irradiance. In addition, PV panels do not have overload capability and therefore they cannot supply power above their maximum power points during load transients. To solve these issues the use of energy buffer elements such as Supercapacitors has been proposed, which can provide energy to ride through short term generation reduction due to passing clouds or panel shading and can release energy during load transients, thus improving panel characteristics. In this paper analysis of different possible connection points of Supercapacitor banks to a power conditioning system for PV applications has been done. It is shown analytically that the use of an additional DC-DC Converter to connect the supercapacitors to the power conditioner DC-link is the most advantageous option in terms of system performance. Results are validated through computer simulations.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129241431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177647
A. Amditis, G. Brusaglino, E. Spessa
The Electric Vehicles can enhance their positive contribution to the energy economy with a smart integration in the electrical network and an appropriate design, use oriented. The energy storage system design and consequently the integrated vehicle structure is to be driven by the predicted use, with regard to the charging potential over the operational mission. The frequency of the opportunistic charging during the daily mission is a factor, that can be considered in the appropriate sizing of the on-board energy storage design. The strategic location of the charging ports, the interactive vehicle-infrastructure communication and the easiness of charging procedure can be taken as a reference for appropriate sizing of the storage system, in terms of energy availability, weight and the other related parameters impacting the relevant energy life cycle figure. The evolution of the technology concept of magnetic flux application in the contactless energy transfer with the use of resonant circuits has brought to new technical solutions, which can offer a flexible and user friendly vehicle - infrastructure interface for the various modes of operation of the electric vehicles, static and dynamic. The wireless dynamic power transfer can offer the means to reduce significantly the on-board energy storage system requirements. Trade off opportunities can be considered between various elements from vehicle and infrastructure size, technical and economical and for the grid side management as well. Grid to vehicle interaction is a multi-aspect matter addressed by European Projects such as FABRIC and EV-CONNECT.
{"title":"Optimizing vehicle to grid electric energy system with new technologies","authors":"A. Amditis, G. Brusaglino, E. Spessa","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177647","url":null,"abstract":"The Electric Vehicles can enhance their positive contribution to the energy economy with a smart integration in the electrical network and an appropriate design, use oriented. The energy storage system design and consequently the integrated vehicle structure is to be driven by the predicted use, with regard to the charging potential over the operational mission. The frequency of the opportunistic charging during the daily mission is a factor, that can be considered in the appropriate sizing of the on-board energy storage design. The strategic location of the charging ports, the interactive vehicle-infrastructure communication and the easiness of charging procedure can be taken as a reference for appropriate sizing of the storage system, in terms of energy availability, weight and the other related parameters impacting the relevant energy life cycle figure. The evolution of the technology concept of magnetic flux application in the contactless energy transfer with the use of resonant circuits has brought to new technical solutions, which can offer a flexible and user friendly vehicle - infrastructure interface for the various modes of operation of the electric vehicles, static and dynamic. The wireless dynamic power transfer can offer the means to reduce significantly the on-board energy storage system requirements. Trade off opportunities can be considered between various elements from vehicle and infrastructure size, technical and economical and for the grid side management as well. Grid to vehicle interaction is a multi-aspect matter addressed by European Projects such as FABRIC and EV-CONNECT.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"30 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127932354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177650
Gianluca Passarello, G. Marco Tina, C. Brunetto
Topics concerning electricity markets and dispatch are becoming more and more relevant in international electric pan. In power systems satisfying energy demand is not sufficient and more complex and expensive “ancillary” services are requested for grid security. Usually such services are included in a regulated market context. Moreover, the increasing of nonprogrammable resources (NPRE) penetration has both technical and economic impacts that need to be accurately evaluated in market architecture. Hence, markets and power systems modeling would be very important, both for TSOs and GENCOs. Since energy markets establishment has held quite recently, and their rules are currently updated, it is difficult to find accurate and updated models in literature. The aim of this paper is to present an ASM model that is able to reply Italian TSO's decisional behavior in power system management. Proposed algorithm has been tested on Sicilian market zone and results are here showed. Finally, application domains and possible future developments are discussed.
{"title":"Modeling of Italian ancillary services market: Sicilian case study","authors":"Gianluca Passarello, G. Marco Tina, C. Brunetto","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177650","url":null,"abstract":"Topics concerning electricity markets and dispatch are becoming more and more relevant in international electric pan. In power systems satisfying energy demand is not sufficient and more complex and expensive “ancillary” services are requested for grid security. Usually such services are included in a regulated market context. Moreover, the increasing of nonprogrammable resources (NPRE) penetration has both technical and economic impacts that need to be accurately evaluated in market architecture. Hence, markets and power systems modeling would be very important, both for TSOs and GENCOs. Since energy markets establishment has held quite recently, and their rules are currently updated, it is difficult to find accurate and updated models in literature. The aim of this paper is to present an ASM model that is able to reply Italian TSO's decisional behavior in power system management. Proposed algorithm has been tested on Sicilian market zone and results are here showed. Finally, application domains and possible future developments are discussed.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129822687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-16DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177638
L. Mongibello, N. Bianco, M. Caliano, G. Graditi
In this work the characterization of pollutants emission of two different commercial prime movers producing electricity and heat during the cold season for a multi-apartment housing situated in Italy is addressed. In particular, an internal combustion engine and a microturbine, both fed by natural gas, have been analyzed separately. For each prime mover, the emission of CO2, CO and NOx resulting from two different optimized operation modes are reported and discussed. The results show that the micro-CHP system with the internal combustion engine as prime mover involves a marked augmentation of dangerous CO and NOX emissions on a local scale.
{"title":"Assessment of pollutants emission of two residential micro-CHP systems","authors":"L. Mongibello, N. Bianco, M. Caliano, G. Graditi","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2015.7177638","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the characterization of pollutants emission of two different commercial prime movers producing electricity and heat during the cold season for a multi-apartment housing situated in Italy is addressed. In particular, an internal combustion engine and a microturbine, both fed by natural gas, have been analyzed separately. For each prime mover, the emission of CO2, CO and NOx resulting from two different optimized operation modes are reported and discussed. The results show that the micro-CHP system with the internal combustion engine as prime mover involves a marked augmentation of dangerous CO and NOX emissions on a local scale.","PeriodicalId":423870,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129045055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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