Pub Date : 2022-03-18DOI: 10.1177/22104917221075825
C. Tong, A. Cheung, P. Chan, C. Yan, F. Ng, K. Chiu
Background Perioperative antibiotics is a well established measure to prevent periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, the usual practice of prescription vary from surgeon to surgeon. This study aims to investigate and compare the usual practice and variability of prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis among different joint replacement surgeons in Hong Kong. Methods An online questionnaire was prepared and sent to members of the Adult Joint Reconstruction (AJR) Chapter of the Hong Kong Orthopaedic Association (HKOA). The questionnaire consists of a total of 15 questions in 3 categories: choice of antibiotics, dose of antibiotics and duration of antibiotics prescribed by the surgeon. Results A total of 25 responses were received and data collected. Participants were from a diverse background from different hospitals with variable years of experience. Results showed a general consensus on the choice of antibiotics, but also a wide variability on the actual prescription, particularly about the weight-adjusted dose and total duration of antibiotics given. Conclusion There is a wide variability among surgeons regarding the actual prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis. Correlation between rate of PJI and specific aspects of antibiotic prescription is needed to give recommendations to surgeons regarding perioperative antibiotic usage in total joint arthroplasties.
{"title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis in total joint arthroplasty – the usual practice and variability among joint replacement surgeons in Hong Kong","authors":"C. Tong, A. Cheung, P. Chan, C. Yan, F. Ng, K. Chiu","doi":"10.1177/22104917221075825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221075825","url":null,"abstract":"Background Perioperative antibiotics is a well established measure to prevent periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, the usual practice of prescription vary from surgeon to surgeon. This study aims to investigate and compare the usual practice and variability of prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis among different joint replacement surgeons in Hong Kong. Methods An online questionnaire was prepared and sent to members of the Adult Joint Reconstruction (AJR) Chapter of the Hong Kong Orthopaedic Association (HKOA). The questionnaire consists of a total of 15 questions in 3 categories: choice of antibiotics, dose of antibiotics and duration of antibiotics prescribed by the surgeon. Results A total of 25 responses were received and data collected. Participants were from a diverse background from different hospitals with variable years of experience. Results showed a general consensus on the choice of antibiotics, but also a wide variability on the actual prescription, particularly about the weight-adjusted dose and total duration of antibiotics given. Conclusion There is a wide variability among surgeons regarding the actual prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis. Correlation between rate of PJI and specific aspects of antibiotic prescription is needed to give recommendations to surgeons regarding perioperative antibiotic usage in total joint arthroplasties.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72580649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1177/22104917221085718
M. K. Li, Samuel Yik Cheung Wan, Kelvin Chin Hei Lo, Y. Hung, Jason C. H. Fan
Introduction Maltracking of the patella is a key contributor to early failure of patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA). Native femoral trochlear morphology dictates implant rotation and patella tracking of in-lay PFA implants. This is the first study amongst Asians designed to assess the normal rotational alignment of the trochlear groove and evaluate its implication on PFA implant choice and position. Methods Trochlear inclination angle (TIA) was measured from 211 magnetic resonance images of Asian knees retrieved from a single centre in Hong Kong. TIA assesses rotation of the femoral trochlear groove relative to the axis perpendicular to Whiteside’s line (anteroposterior axis of the femur). Results The mean trochlear inclination in normal Asian knees was 11.5° ± 2.5° (mean ± standard deviation) internal rotation. High-grade dysplastic knees, according to Dejour classification, were significantly more internally rotated with a mean of 12.8° ± 3.6° (p = 0.025). Conclusion Trochlear inclination in Asians is comparable to Caucasians. In-lay PFA implants do not alter native pathological bony trochlear anatomy, and may result in patella maltracking in patients with high grade trochlear dysplasia or excessive trochlear inclination. These patients may benefit from on-lay implants, which allows restoration of normal trochlear inclination, as well as lateralisation and deepening of the trochlear groove. Patella tracking is however, dynamic and multi-factorial. Further clinical studies are therefore warranted to reconcile our anatomical findings with clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Rotational alignment of the femoral trochlea in Asians: Implication on implant choice and position for managing isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis","authors":"M. K. Li, Samuel Yik Cheung Wan, Kelvin Chin Hei Lo, Y. Hung, Jason C. H. Fan","doi":"10.1177/22104917221085718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221085718","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Maltracking of the patella is a key contributor to early failure of patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA). Native femoral trochlear morphology dictates implant rotation and patella tracking of in-lay PFA implants. This is the first study amongst Asians designed to assess the normal rotational alignment of the trochlear groove and evaluate its implication on PFA implant choice and position. Methods Trochlear inclination angle (TIA) was measured from 211 magnetic resonance images of Asian knees retrieved from a single centre in Hong Kong. TIA assesses rotation of the femoral trochlear groove relative to the axis perpendicular to Whiteside’s line (anteroposterior axis of the femur). Results The mean trochlear inclination in normal Asian knees was 11.5° ± 2.5° (mean ± standard deviation) internal rotation. High-grade dysplastic knees, according to Dejour classification, were significantly more internally rotated with a mean of 12.8° ± 3.6° (p = 0.025). Conclusion Trochlear inclination in Asians is comparable to Caucasians. In-lay PFA implants do not alter native pathological bony trochlear anatomy, and may result in patella maltracking in patients with high grade trochlear dysplasia or excessive trochlear inclination. These patients may benefit from on-lay implants, which allows restoration of normal trochlear inclination, as well as lateralisation and deepening of the trochlear groove. Patella tracking is however, dynamic and multi-factorial. Further clinical studies are therefore warranted to reconcile our anatomical findings with clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"344 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79622048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1177/22104917221075830
JH Gorton
Elective Total Hip Replacement (THR) surgery is one of the most common elective surgeries in the UK, costing the National Health Service (NHS) over £300,000,000 annually. A review of the literature identified preoperative rehabilitation, known as ‘prehabilitation’, improves patient outcomes and decreases Length Of hospital Stay (LOS). This approach follows NICE guidelines which recommend prehabilitation for all patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Challenges accessing prehabilitation classes at UK hospitals due to inadequate transport and COVID-19 restrictions present an opportunity to provide prehabilitation virtually. Physiotherapy services are increasingly utilising technology, in line with The NHS Long Term Plan to increase service accessibility. A review of the literature has established virtual prehabilitation is effective, feasible, and preferable for patients. Quality Improvement methodology has been used to propose an implementation plan for a virtual prehabilitation service. Further research is required to create a standardised prehabilitation protocol, and to assess the long-term effects and sustainability of virtual prehabilitation.
{"title":"Introducing Virtual Prehabilitation to a UK Elective Total Hip Replacement service to improve patient outcomes: An overview of the literature and proposed implementation plan","authors":"JH Gorton","doi":"10.1177/22104917221075830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221075830","url":null,"abstract":"Elective Total Hip Replacement (THR) surgery is one of the most common elective surgeries in the UK, costing the National Health Service (NHS) over £300,000,000 annually. A review of the literature identified preoperative rehabilitation, known as ‘prehabilitation’, improves patient outcomes and decreases Length Of hospital Stay (LOS). This approach follows NICE guidelines which recommend prehabilitation for all patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Challenges accessing prehabilitation classes at UK hospitals due to inadequate transport and COVID-19 restrictions present an opportunity to provide prehabilitation virtually. Physiotherapy services are increasingly utilising technology, in line with The NHS Long Term Plan to increase service accessibility. A review of the literature has established virtual prehabilitation is effective, feasible, and preferable for patients. Quality Improvement methodology has been used to propose an implementation plan for a virtual prehabilitation service. Further research is required to create a standardised prehabilitation protocol, and to assess the long-term effects and sustainability of virtual prehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89360532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.1177/22104917221077274
A. Hariri, H. Mirzabozorg, R. Esmaeili, A. R. Soltani, M. Aghajanzadeh
After recovery and loading on the patient’s leg, syndesmotic screws mounted on an injured ankle may fail. The main subject of this study is to estimate the lifetime of screws considering the patient’s weight and physical activity. Method: A 3D finite element model of the bone and implemented screws were provided assigning the mechanical properties of ligaments, bones, and screws. Considering axial and tangential physiological loads during the walking phase, the stress and fatigue analyses were performed. Results: The stress distribution had an identical pattern in the screws and all of them experienced the maximum stress during 60–70% of the walking phase. Conclusion: The results of analyses show that body weight has a significant effect on the mounted screw lifetime. Patients with a weight of more than 100 kg should prevent applying body load on the operated leg. Conversely, no worry about a patient having less than 73 kg body weight.
{"title":"Predicting ankle joint syndesmotic screw lifetime using finite element and fatigue analysis","authors":"A. Hariri, H. Mirzabozorg, R. Esmaeili, A. R. Soltani, M. Aghajanzadeh","doi":"10.1177/22104917221077274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221077274","url":null,"abstract":"After recovery and loading on the patient’s leg, syndesmotic screws mounted on an injured ankle may fail. The main subject of this study is to estimate the lifetime of screws considering the patient’s weight and physical activity. Method: A 3D finite element model of the bone and implemented screws were provided assigning the mechanical properties of ligaments, bones, and screws. Considering axial and tangential physiological loads during the walking phase, the stress and fatigue analyses were performed. Results: The stress distribution had an identical pattern in the screws and all of them experienced the maximum stress during 60–70% of the walking phase. Conclusion: The results of analyses show that body weight has a significant effect on the mounted screw lifetime. Patients with a weight of more than 100 kg should prevent applying body load on the operated leg. Conversely, no worry about a patient having less than 73 kg body weight.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83529091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-03DOI: 10.1177/22104917221075822
M. Hefny, N. Smith, J. Waite
Background Unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) has functional and economic benefits when compared with total knee replacement, however it is technically demanding and may be associated with higher failure rates. The primary aim of this independent series study was to evaluate the survival of lateral UKRs implanted in our institution and their clinical outcomes. The secondary outcome was to compare the results of mobile and fixed-bearing prostheses. Methods This is a retrospective series study of 183 cemented lateral UKRs implanted in 170 patients, for advanced isolated lateral compartment arthritis, under the care of two senior surgeons. Fixed or mobile-bearing prostheses were used according to the surgeon's preference. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to evaluate prosthesis survival with the endpoint being revision for any reason. A subgroup analysis of survival was also done for each bearing type. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Oxford knee score (OKS) at final follow-up. Results This series included 103 Fixed-bearing and 80 mobile-bearing prostheses. Median follow-up was 6.9 years. 9 knees required revision. The commonest reason for revision was progression of arthritis to the medial compartment. Dislocation was the commonest cause of revision in the mobile-bearing group. Survival at 10 years was 91.9% with no significant difference (p = 0.083) between bearing types (fixed-bearing 93.8% and mobile-bearing 90.6%). The OKS were comparable in both groups, the mean OKS was 44/48. Conclusion Good survival and functional outcomes can be achieved using cemented lateral UKRs with both bearing types. There was a trend towards superior outcomes in the fixed-bearing group.
{"title":"Cemented Lateral Unicompartmental Knee Replacement: A retrospective single centre independent series","authors":"M. Hefny, N. Smith, J. Waite","doi":"10.1177/22104917221075822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221075822","url":null,"abstract":"Background Unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) has functional and economic benefits when compared with total knee replacement, however it is technically demanding and may be associated with higher failure rates. The primary aim of this independent series study was to evaluate the survival of lateral UKRs implanted in our institution and their clinical outcomes. The secondary outcome was to compare the results of mobile and fixed-bearing prostheses. Methods This is a retrospective series study of 183 cemented lateral UKRs implanted in 170 patients, for advanced isolated lateral compartment arthritis, under the care of two senior surgeons. Fixed or mobile-bearing prostheses were used according to the surgeon's preference. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to evaluate prosthesis survival with the endpoint being revision for any reason. A subgroup analysis of survival was also done for each bearing type. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Oxford knee score (OKS) at final follow-up. Results This series included 103 Fixed-bearing and 80 mobile-bearing prostheses. Median follow-up was 6.9 years. 9 knees required revision. The commonest reason for revision was progression of arthritis to the medial compartment. Dislocation was the commonest cause of revision in the mobile-bearing group. Survival at 10 years was 91.9% with no significant difference (p = 0.083) between bearing types (fixed-bearing 93.8% and mobile-bearing 90.6%). The OKS were comparable in both groups, the mean OKS was 44/48. Conclusion Good survival and functional outcomes can be achieved using cemented lateral UKRs with both bearing types. There was a trend towards superior outcomes in the fixed-bearing group.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"40 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91024483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1177/22104917221076501
Alyaa Diaa Elmoghazy, N. Lindner, M. Tingart, K. Salem
Background: Total hip replacement (THR) is currently the most successful orthopaedic operation worldwide. This success is, however, dependent on the quality and efficiency of postoperative rehabilitation programs following it. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), sixty patients (32 females, 28 males, mean age 68.4 years) undergoing THR for hip arthritis having either a conventional rehabilitation after a normal hospital stay (30 patients) or a fast track rehabilitation program (30 patients) were compared. Results: The mean length of stay in the conventional group was 7.8 (range: 6–11) days compared to 4.5 (range 3–5) days in the fast track group (p = <0.001). Complications included one dislocation in either group, a case of heart failure and a readmission in the conventional group. As regards functional outcome, patients in the conventional group had a mean Harris Hip Score of 69.3 six weeks and 82 twelve weeks postoperatively in comparison to 79 and 91 in the fast track group respectively. The differences were statistically significant (p = 0.013 and 0.002 respectively). Conclusion: Fast track rehabilitation after THR allows early patient's mobilization and shorter hospital stay with better functional outcome and without increasing the risk of complications or the readmission rate.
{"title":"Conventional versus fast track rehabilitation after total hip replacement: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Alyaa Diaa Elmoghazy, N. Lindner, M. Tingart, K. Salem","doi":"10.1177/22104917221076501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221076501","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Total hip replacement (THR) is currently the most successful orthopaedic operation worldwide. This success is, however, dependent on the quality and efficiency of postoperative rehabilitation programs following it. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), sixty patients (32 females, 28 males, mean age 68.4 years) undergoing THR for hip arthritis having either a conventional rehabilitation after a normal hospital stay (30 patients) or a fast track rehabilitation program (30 patients) were compared. Results: The mean length of stay in the conventional group was 7.8 (range: 6–11) days compared to 4.5 (range 3–5) days in the fast track group (p = <0.001). Complications included one dislocation in either group, a case of heart failure and a readmission in the conventional group. As regards functional outcome, patients in the conventional group had a mean Harris Hip Score of 69.3 six weeks and 82 twelve weeks postoperatively in comparison to 79 and 91 in the fast track group respectively. The differences were statistically significant (p = 0.013 and 0.002 respectively). Conclusion: Fast track rehabilitation after THR allows early patient's mobilization and shorter hospital stay with better functional outcome and without increasing the risk of complications or the readmission rate.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90567243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-24DOI: 10.1177/22104917221075828
L. Adıyeke, A. Kafadar, Ö. Erdoğan, Çağdaş Gündüz
The success of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is closely related to the correct position of the prosthetic components. Malalignment in the coronal and sagittal planes are the most important cause of mechanical imbalance and patellofemoral (PF) complications. It is also a cause of early failure due to polyethylene wear and stability problems. Neutral posterior tibial slope (PTS) contributes to stability in the sagittal plane. The change in tibial inclination plays a significant role in knee kinematics.1–3 Previous cadaveric and biomechanical studies have shown that kinematics and force distribution are altered by inclination changes. In a study by Kang et al., finite element knee prosthesis models showed that the maximum contact load at the PF joint, quadriceps force, and collateral ligament forces decrease when the PTS is increased. In the mobile-bearing TKA, the rotation of the polyethylene liner and anterior translation provide better compliance with changes in tibial inclination than in the fixed-bearing TKA.5–7 Biomechanical studies show the changes caused by the angle change on knee kinematics. However, the impact of PTS changes on the outcomes of mobile-bearing TKA and patient satisfaction is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PTS changes on knee range of motion, knee scores, and overall satisfaction in patients who underwent mobile-bearing posterior cruciate ligament retaining (CR) TKA.
{"title":"The effect of tibial slope angle on clinical and functional results after mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty","authors":"L. Adıyeke, A. Kafadar, Ö. Erdoğan, Çağdaş Gündüz","doi":"10.1177/22104917221075828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221075828","url":null,"abstract":"The success of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is closely related to the correct position of the prosthetic components. Malalignment in the coronal and sagittal planes are the most important cause of mechanical imbalance and patellofemoral (PF) complications. It is also a cause of early failure due to polyethylene wear and stability problems. Neutral posterior tibial slope (PTS) contributes to stability in the sagittal plane. The change in tibial inclination plays a significant role in knee kinematics.1–3 Previous cadaveric and biomechanical studies have shown that kinematics and force distribution are altered by inclination changes. In a study by Kang et al., finite element knee prosthesis models showed that the maximum contact load at the PF joint, quadriceps force, and collateral ligament forces decrease when the PTS is increased. In the mobile-bearing TKA, the rotation of the polyethylene liner and anterior translation provide better compliance with changes in tibial inclination than in the fixed-bearing TKA.5–7 Biomechanical studies show the changes caused by the angle change on knee kinematics. However, the impact of PTS changes on the outcomes of mobile-bearing TKA and patient satisfaction is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PTS changes on knee range of motion, knee scores, and overall satisfaction in patients who underwent mobile-bearing posterior cruciate ligament retaining (CR) TKA.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80201501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.1177/22104917221075826
Y. C. Chong, T. Tse
A 76 year old female, with a background history of eczema and iatrogenic Cushing syndrome, received a right total knee replacement for her knee osteoarthritis. In the early post-operative period, a small amount of discharge was noted from the surgical wound. The wound swab culture of the discharge yielded candida species. It was regarded as contamination initially. Half year later, she presented with a subcutaneous abscess around the right knee. Aspiration and culture confirmed infection of Candida parapsilosis. The patient was treated conservatively with fluconazole because she had initially refused operative treatment. The infection progressed to abscess formation afterward. A two-stage revision arthroplasty with cement spacer was performed subsequently. In addition, we have reviewed the literature regarding fungal periprosthetic joint infection.
{"title":"A case of candida parapsilosis periprosthetic joint infection: Case report and literature review","authors":"Y. C. Chong, T. Tse","doi":"10.1177/22104917221075826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221075826","url":null,"abstract":"A 76 year old female, with a background history of eczema and iatrogenic Cushing syndrome, received a right total knee replacement for her knee osteoarthritis. In the early post-operative period, a small amount of discharge was noted from the surgical wound. The wound swab culture of the discharge yielded candida species. It was regarded as contamination initially. Half year later, she presented with a subcutaneous abscess around the right knee. Aspiration and culture confirmed infection of Candida parapsilosis. The patient was treated conservatively with fluconazole because she had initially refused operative treatment. The infection progressed to abscess formation afterward. A two-stage revision arthroplasty with cement spacer was performed subsequently. In addition, we have reviewed the literature regarding fungal periprosthetic joint infection.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85255800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.1177/22104917221075827
Muhamad Zharif Asikin, Muhammad Fathi Hayyun, M. F. Yusof
The principle of periarticular fracture is well established. However, the gold standard in treating tibial plateau fracture remains controversial. Lack of adequate soft tissue and complexity of the fracture involved succumbs to poor postoperative outcomes and high complication rate for infection, implant failure and non-union. Furthermore, the treatment of the elderly complicates the decision. It is because time is an essence since decubitus complication is associated with prolonged immobilisation. In addition, other complication related to this fracture such as accelerated secondary osteoarthritis and pain leads to further immobilisation. Traditionally, secondary total knee replacement (TKR) is indicated for this type of fracture, while the initial aim is to achieve bone healing. However, its failure related complication, the detrimental challenge in addressing ligament balance, extensor mechanism scarring and patella mal-tracking, thus, it is not commonly practised. The author has successfully demonstrated the use of primary TKR with supplementary locking plate in a post-traumatic Schatzker V tibial plateau fracture in a 75-year-old gentleman to allow immediate weightbearing. Thus, removing the complication associated with immobilisation and exhibit the advantage of TKR in obtaining a painless functional knee. In successive follow-up shows a favourable outcome and improved functional knee outcome compared to the premorbid state.
{"title":"A viable option for immediate mobilisation: Primary total knee replacement with supplementary osteosynthesis for acute complex tibial plateau fracture in elderly","authors":"Muhamad Zharif Asikin, Muhammad Fathi Hayyun, M. F. Yusof","doi":"10.1177/22104917221075827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917221075827","url":null,"abstract":"The principle of periarticular fracture is well established. However, the gold standard in treating tibial plateau fracture remains controversial. Lack of adequate soft tissue and complexity of the fracture involved succumbs to poor postoperative outcomes and high complication rate for infection, implant failure and non-union. Furthermore, the treatment of the elderly complicates the decision. It is because time is an essence since decubitus complication is associated with prolonged immobilisation. In addition, other complication related to this fracture such as accelerated secondary osteoarthritis and pain leads to further immobilisation. Traditionally, secondary total knee replacement (TKR) is indicated for this type of fracture, while the initial aim is to achieve bone healing. However, its failure related complication, the detrimental challenge in addressing ligament balance, extensor mechanism scarring and patella mal-tracking, thus, it is not commonly practised. The author has successfully demonstrated the use of primary TKR with supplementary locking plate in a post-traumatic Schatzker V tibial plateau fracture in a 75-year-old gentleman to allow immediate weightbearing. Thus, removing the complication associated with immobilisation and exhibit the advantage of TKR in obtaining a painless functional knee. In successive follow-up shows a favourable outcome and improved functional knee outcome compared to the premorbid state.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81981539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1177/22104917211056947
A. Khose
An exoskeleton is an external cast which can be used to maneuver, protect or even provide a greater magnitude of strength to the upper limb allowing for heightened efficiency and performance. The limb may be weakened due to so many diseases or reasons such as paralysis, stroke, muscular atrophy, and different kinds of injuries. Numerous designs and manufactured prototypes of pneumatic exoskeletons have been reviewed—their pros and cons weighed against each other. This paper covers the fundamental concepts of various prototypes that have been designed and developed over the years. The best mechanism has been highlighted, although the design of a fully efficient exoskeleton comes with its set of drawbacks. Types of energy used for the driver unit, types of actuators, materials used, design concepts, and overall weight and manufacturing cost of every prototype has been contrasted with the others to conclude what an ideal exoskeleton for rehabilitation purposes must look like and the principles and features of the prototype must be decided upon by keeping aesthetics and ergonomics in mind.
{"title":"Pneumatic exoskeletons for orthopedic rehabilitation of the upper arm—An overview","authors":"A. Khose","doi":"10.1177/22104917211056947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22104917211056947","url":null,"abstract":"An exoskeleton is an external cast which can be used to maneuver, protect or even provide a greater magnitude of strength to the upper limb allowing for heightened efficiency and performance. The limb may be weakened due to so many diseases or reasons such as paralysis, stroke, muscular atrophy, and different kinds of injuries. Numerous designs and manufactured prototypes of pneumatic exoskeletons have been reviewed—their pros and cons weighed against each other. This paper covers the fundamental concepts of various prototypes that have been designed and developed over the years. The best mechanism has been highlighted, although the design of a fully efficient exoskeleton comes with its set of drawbacks. Types of energy used for the driver unit, types of actuators, materials used, design concepts, and overall weight and manufacturing cost of every prototype has been contrasted with the others to conclude what an ideal exoskeleton for rehabilitation purposes must look like and the principles and features of the prototype must be decided upon by keeping aesthetics and ergonomics in mind.","PeriodicalId":42408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80378412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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