Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.13
Wang Fu, Sha Yan, He Qian, Zhao Qiang, Zhang He, Han Fen
In this paper, the evapotranspiration balance of forest and grass vegetation in the Loess Plateau of Northwest China in different regions was analyzed using 6 indexes in 3 categoriess, namely, evapotranspiration ratio (Ea/Q, Ep/Q), evapotranspiration difference (Q-EA, Q-EP), and actual (potential) water supply ratio (1-Ea/Q, 1-Ep/Q). It is used to objectively reflect the suitability of different types of vegetation in different periods of growth based on precipitation. In another words this suitability reflects the support capacity of natural rainfall to vegetation consumed water through evapotranspiration under the specific climate environment of the Loess Plateau. The results show that: (1) The actual evapotranspiration water consumption of all types of vegetation in this region increased significantly in the first three months of the growth period from April to June, resulting in a relatively high moisture dryness index of vegetation with an average k value of 0.44. The main reason was that natural precipitation was less at this stage, and the gradually rising temperature strengthened the transpiration of most vegetation. The forest was the most stressed. At the end of May and the beginning of June, with the increase of natural precipitation, the average k value of all types of vegetation began to decline. From July to September, due to the flood season in this region, the precipitation increased sharply, and the moisture dryness index was in the lowest range of the whole growth period, and the average k value varied between 0.26 and 0.30 with the lowest value was 0.26 at the end of August and the beginning of September. (2) It is obvious that the water stress of forest is higher than that of shrub and grassland. It is fully indicated that the difference of transpiration caused by the difference of vegetation types leads to the difference of actual evapotranspiration water consumption of different vegetation types.
本文采用蒸散比（Ea/Q、Ep/Q）、蒸散差（Q-EA、Q-EP）和实际（潜在）供水比（1-Ea/Q、1-Ep/Q）3 类 6 个指标分析了西北黄土高原不同区域林草植被的蒸散平衡状况。它用于根据降水量客观反映不同类型植被在不同生长时期的适宜性。换句话说，这种适宜性反映了在黄土高原特定的气候环境下，自然降水对植被通过蒸腾作用消耗水分的支持能力。结果表明(1）该地区各类植被的实际蒸散耗水量在生长期的前三个月（4-6 月）明显增加，导致植被的水分干燥指数相对较高，平均 k 值为 0.44。主要原因是这一阶段自然降水较少，气温逐渐升高，大部分植被的蒸腾作用增强。森林的压力最大。5 月底 6 月初，随着自然降水量的增加，各类植被的平均 k 值开始下降。7 月至 9 月，由于该地区进入汛期，降水量急剧增加，水分干燥指数处于整个生长期的最低范围，平均 k 值在 0.26 至 0.30 之间变化，最低值为 8 月底 9 月初的 0.26。(2）森林的水分胁迫明显高于灌木和草地。这充分说明，植被类型的不同导致蒸腾作用的差异，从而导致不同植被类型实际蒸腾耗水量的差异。
{"title":"Study on Response of Evapotranspiration Consumption of Forest and Grass Vegetation to Natural Precipitation in Northwest Loess Plateau","authors":"Wang Fu, Sha Yan, He Qian, Zhao Qiang, Zhang He, Han Fen","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.13","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the evapotranspiration balance of forest and grass vegetation in the Loess Plateau of Northwest China in different regions was analyzed using 6 indexes in 3 categoriess, namely, evapotranspiration ratio (Ea/Q, Ep/Q), evapotranspiration difference (Q-EA, Q-EP), and actual (potential) water supply ratio (1-Ea/Q, 1-Ep/Q). It is used to objectively reflect the suitability of different types of vegetation in different periods of growth based on precipitation. In another words this suitability reflects the support capacity of natural rainfall to vegetation consumed water through evapotranspiration under the specific climate environment of the Loess Plateau. The results show that: (1) The actual evapotranspiration water consumption of all types of vegetation in this region increased significantly in the first three months of the growth period from April to June, resulting in a relatively high moisture dryness index of vegetation with an average k value of 0.44. The main reason was that natural precipitation was less at this stage, and the gradually rising temperature strengthened the transpiration of most vegetation. The forest was the most stressed. At the end of May and the beginning of June, with the increase of natural precipitation, the average k value of all types of vegetation began to decline. From July to September, due to the flood season in this region, the precipitation increased sharply, and the moisture dryness index was in the lowest range of the whole growth period, and the average k value varied between 0.26 and 0.30 with the lowest value was 0.26 at the end of August and the beginning of September. (2) It is obvious that the water stress of forest is higher than that of shrub and grassland. It is fully indicated that the difference of transpiration caused by the difference of vegetation types leads to the difference of actual evapotranspiration water consumption of different vegetation types.\u0000","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.12
Yousuf Fudol, Hongping Liu
The late Triassic sandstone reservoir in the C7 member of the Jinghe oilfield southern Ordos basin is a typical deep-water gravity flow tight oil reservoir. Sedimentary microfacies, physical properties, and petrographic analysis were being examined for quality determination. Pore structure and physical properties data together combined with, thin sections, and scanning electron microscope and core images were used to identify factors controlling reservoir physical properties. The depositional system under debates of different gravity flows including debris flow, seismite slumping, and turbidity flows. Among which sandy debris flow facies shows a better distribution of porosity and permeability followed by seismite-slump, where turbidity facies are the poorest. The petrophysical analysis shows that the study oil interval is a typical tight sandstone reservoir with an average porosity of 9% and permeability average being 0.025mD. The rock classification criteria of the C7 sandstone reveal the sub-categories of lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone. Average quartz sandstone contents of 48.25%, average feldspar sandstone content being 25%, and lithic fragments content of 29%. The formation lithology comprises mostly fine-grained sandstone and small pore size, which disclose that the porosity-permeability distribution increases proportional to the average and median pore throat radius, and decreases with average and median pressure. The microfacies distribution shows that the depositional facies controlled physical properties. The sandstone primary pores are affected by the mineral composition of quartz, feldspar, illite, smectite, kaolinite, calcite, and dolomite. Features such as dissolved pores and intergranular pore filling by feldspar, silky-like aggregates of illite-smectite intergranular pore filling and most diagenetic minerals influenced the sandstone pores beside the compaction.
{"title":"Reservoir Quality Under the Control of Gravity Flows in the C7 Member of Yanchang Formation in the Jinghe Oilfield, Ordos Basin, China","authors":"Yousuf Fudol, Hongping Liu","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.12","url":null,"abstract":"The late Triassic sandstone reservoir in the C7 member of the Jinghe oilfield southern Ordos basin is a typical deep-water gravity flow tight oil reservoir. Sedimentary microfacies, physical properties, and petrographic analysis were being examined for quality determination. Pore structure and physical properties data together combined with, thin sections, and scanning electron microscope and core images were used to identify factors controlling reservoir physical properties. The depositional system under debates of different gravity flows including debris flow, seismite slumping, and turbidity flows. Among which sandy debris flow facies shows a better distribution of porosity and permeability followed by seismite-slump, where turbidity facies are the poorest. The petrophysical analysis shows that the study oil interval is a typical tight sandstone reservoir with an average porosity of 9% and permeability average being 0.025mD. The rock classification criteria of the C7 sandstone reveal the sub-categories of lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone. Average quartz sandstone contents of 48.25%, average feldspar sandstone content being 25%, and lithic fragments content of 29%. The formation lithology comprises mostly fine-grained sandstone and small pore size, which disclose that the porosity-permeability distribution increases proportional to the average and median pore throat radius, and decreases with average and median pressure. The microfacies distribution shows that the depositional facies controlled physical properties. The sandstone primary pores are affected by the mineral composition of quartz, feldspar, illite, smectite, kaolinite, calcite, and dolomite. Features such as dissolved pores and intergranular pore filling by feldspar, silky-like aggregates of illite-smectite intergranular pore filling and most diagenetic minerals influenced the sandstone pores beside the compaction.\u0000","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.11
C. G. Kaua, Teresia Muthoni Gitonga
{"title":"Determinants of Adoption of Improved Cookstoves in the Dundori Forest Adjacent Community, Kenya","authors":"C. G. Kaua, Teresia Muthoni Gitonga","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20241301.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"101 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231204.11
Neculai Dragomir, Vasile Mocanu, Nicoleta Dragomir
{"title":"Multifunctionality of Grasslands - Permanent Way of Sustainable Utilization of Regional Resources in Romania","authors":"Neculai Dragomir, Vasile Mocanu, Nicoleta Dragomir","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231204.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231204.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"49 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139202865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231203.12
Jawad A. Shoqeir, Samah Al-Sourkhi, H. Alsamamra
{"title":"A Review of the Development of Organic Solar Cells Efficiency","authors":"Jawad A. Shoqeir, Samah Al-Sourkhi, H. Alsamamra","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231203.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231203.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231203.11
Ekrem Alagoz, Yaser Alghawi, Muhammed Said Ergul
{"title":"Innovation in Exploration and Production: How Technology Is Changing the Oil and Gas Landscape","authors":"Ekrem Alagoz, Yaser Alghawi, Muhammed Said Ergul","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231203.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231203.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122386834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231202.12
Ekrem Alagoz, Yaser Alghawi
: The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is fundamentally transforming the global energy sector, resulting in significant implications for the oil and gas industry. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the energy transition, focusing specifically on the challenges encountered by the oil and gas industry and proposing strategies to effectively navigate this transformative shift. By analyzing academic literature and industry reports, this paper investigates the drivers behind the energy transition, such as governmental policies, the declining costs of renewable technologies, and the growing public demand for clean energy. Additionally, it examines the obstacles faced by the oil and gas industry, including decreasing demand, economic and technological barriers, and complex regulatory frameworks. Furthermore, the paper explores various strategies that can be employed to navigate the energy transition successfully. These strategies include diversification into renewable energy sources, collaboration with relevant stakeholders, investment in research and development, and the adoption of new and innovative business models. By implementing these strategies, the oil and gas industry can maintain its competitiveness, address the declining demand for fossil fuels, and actively contribute to global efforts aimed at mitigating climate change. The paper concludes by emphasizing the vital role of collaboration, research and development investments, and supportive policies in achieving a sustainable energy future.
{"title":"The Energy Transition: Navigating the Shift Towards Renewables in the Oil and Gas Industry","authors":"Ekrem Alagoz, Yaser Alghawi","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231202.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231202.12","url":null,"abstract":": The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is fundamentally transforming the global energy sector, resulting in significant implications for the oil and gas industry. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the energy transition, focusing specifically on the challenges encountered by the oil and gas industry and proposing strategies to effectively navigate this transformative shift. By analyzing academic literature and industry reports, this paper investigates the drivers behind the energy transition, such as governmental policies, the declining costs of renewable technologies, and the growing public demand for clean energy. Additionally, it examines the obstacles faced by the oil and gas industry, including decreasing demand, economic and technological barriers, and complex regulatory frameworks. Furthermore, the paper explores various strategies that can be employed to navigate the energy transition successfully. These strategies include diversification into renewable energy sources, collaboration with relevant stakeholders, investment in research and development, and the adoption of new and innovative business models. By implementing these strategies, the oil and gas industry can maintain its competitiveness, address the declining demand for fossil fuels, and actively contribute to global efforts aimed at mitigating climate change. The paper concludes by emphasizing the vital role of collaboration, research and development investments, and supportive policies in achieving a sustainable energy future.","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127823762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231202.11
Zhang Yuan-yuan, Wang Ji-ping, Li Ya, Cao Jiang-jun, Liu Jing-dong
{"title":"Differential Enrichment Regulation and Genetic Analysis of Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir","authors":"Zhang Yuan-yuan, Wang Ji-ping, Li Ya, Cao Jiang-jun, Liu Jing-dong","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231202.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231202.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231201.12
Tian Kejun
{"title":"Development and Optimization of Traction System for Heavy Engineering Machinery","authors":"Tian Kejun","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231201.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231201.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134084839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.11648/j.jenr.20231201.11
Chenhui Ye, Zheng Nenghong, Yang Rui, Xia Fengbing, L. Tao, Huang Renjie, Chai Lijun
{"title":"Stress Analysis of Large Diameter Pipe Interface Structure of Boiler Main Steam Pipe","authors":"Chenhui Ye, Zheng Nenghong, Yang Rui, Xia Fengbing, L. Tao, Huang Renjie, Chai Lijun","doi":"10.11648/j.jenr.20231201.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20231201.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy and Natural Resources","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132946584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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