M. Roberts-Lombard, M. Mpinganjira, G. Wood, G. Svensson
The purpose of the study is to examine and describe the use of codes of ethics in companies operating South Africa. The population included the company secretaries of the top 500 companies operating in the South African corporate sector. The findings stipulate that South African companies need to understand that their employees are diverse in beliefs and opinions and as a result do not all have a similar ethical value system. Therefore, ethical education is imperative to ensure a stronger focus on the offering of ethics programmes aligned with the business philosophy of the company.
{"title":"A construct of code effectiveness: empirical findings and measurement properties","authors":"M. Roberts-Lombard, M. Mpinganjira, G. Wood, G. Svensson","doi":"10.15249/10-1-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/10-1-95","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to examine and describe the use of codes of ethics in companies operating South Africa. The population included the company secretaries of the top 500 companies operating in the South African corporate sector. The findings stipulate that South African companies need to understand that their employees are diverse in beliefs and opinions and as a result do not all have a similar ethical value system. Therefore, ethical education is imperative to ensure a stronger focus on the offering of ethics programmes aligned with the business philosophy of the company.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67333435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational commitment. A cross-sectional quantitative survey approach was used, with a non-probability purposive sample of 839 employees from a railway organisation in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The results indicate that ethical leadership perceptions have a significant influence on the level of organisational commitment. The study further indicated that ethical leadership predicted employees’ affective, continuance and normative and overall commitment. These results add new insights to the construct of business ethics by showing that a positive perception of ethical leadership by employees is an important consideration in enhancing their organisational commitment.The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational commitment. A cross-sectional quantitative survey approach was used, with a non-probability purposive sample of 839 employees from a railway organisation in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The results indicate that ethical leadership perceptions have a significant influence on the level of organisational commitment. The study further indicated that ethical leadership predicted employees’ affective, continuance and normative and overall commitment. These results add new insights to the construct of business ethics by showing that a positive perception of ethical leadership by employees is an important consideration in enhancing their organisational commitment.
{"title":"Perceived ethical leadership in relation to employees’ organisational commitment in an organisation in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Jeremy Mitonga-Monga, Frans Cilliers","doi":"10.15249/10-1-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/10-1-122","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational commitment. A cross-sectional quantitative survey approach was used, with a non-probability purposive sample of 839 employees from a railway organisation in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The results indicate that ethical leadership perceptions have a significant influence on the level of organisational commitment. The study further indicated that ethical leadership predicted employees’ affective, continuance and normative and overall commitment. These results add new insights to the construct of business ethics by showing that a positive perception of ethical leadership by employees is an important consideration in enhancing their organisational commitment.The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational commitment. A cross-sectional quantitative survey approach was used, with a non-probability purposive sample of 839 employees from a railway organisation in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The results indicate that ethical leadership perceptions have a significant influence on the level of organisational commitment. The study further indicated that ethical leadership predicted employees’ affective, continuance and normative and overall commitment. These results add new insights to the construct of business ethics by showing that a positive perception of ethical leadership by employees is an important consideration in enhancing their organisational commitment.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138512421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To effectively address ethical consciousness through formalised tertiary education, ethical rationale needs to be further understood. This paper attempted to investigate the effect of South African societal influences on prospective South African Chartered Accountants, through exploratory questionnaire research. Findings indicated that although participants perceived low levels of ethical behaviour in South Africa, they generally were not negatively influenced, most feeling the need to behave more ethically as a result. Influences from the country’s environment, including justification, lack of consequences and self-interest, were found to have negatively affected some participant’s ethical rationale and although not statistically significant, were considered qualitatively relevant findings. Many participants appeared to maintain the belief that it’s not possible to be completely ethical in business and that by remaining ethical in South African business they will be at a disadvantage. Females’ ethical rationale was found to have been less affected by societal influences than their male counterparts.
{"title":"How South African societal and circumstantial influences affect the ethical standards of prospective South African Chartered Accountants","authors":"Dan Nathan","doi":"10.15249/9-1-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/9-1-79","url":null,"abstract":"To effectively address ethical consciousness through formalised tertiary education, ethical rationale needs to be further understood. This paper attempted to investigate the effect of South African societal influences on prospective South African Chartered Accountants, through exploratory questionnaire research. Findings indicated that although participants perceived low levels of ethical behaviour in South Africa, they generally were not negatively influenced, most feeling the need to behave more ethically as a result. Influences from the country’s environment, including justification, lack of consequences and self-interest, were found to have negatively affected some participant’s ethical rationale and although not statistically significant, were considered qualitatively relevant findings. Many participants appeared to maintain the belief that it’s not possible to be completely ethical in business and that by remaining ethical in South African business they will be at a disadvantage. Females’ ethical rationale was found to have been less affected by societal influences than their male counterparts.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current state-owned entities’ governance landscape ranges from fragmented accountability frameworks to convoluted array of parent entities, subsidiaries and sub-subsidiaries. The article reviews the state-owned entities’ governance landscape to unravel underlying inconsistencies and contradictions and thereby provides a compelling argument for opting to create an overarching state-owned entities’ governance and seamless legislative framework. As the proposed overarching option is not an absolute resolve, the study tests whether the option could assist in arriving at a liberating praxis that would straddle though fulfilling corporate and developmental aspirations of the state. The study perused research reports and literature review applying qualitative methods.
{"title":"Reviewing State-Owned Entities’ Governance Landscape in South Africa","authors":"M. Kanyane, K. Sausi","doi":"10.15249/9-1-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/9-1-81","url":null,"abstract":"The current state-owned entities’ governance landscape ranges from fragmented accountability frameworks to convoluted array of parent entities, subsidiaries and sub-subsidiaries. The article reviews the state-owned entities’ governance landscape to unravel underlying inconsistencies and contradictions and thereby provides a compelling argument for opting to create an overarching state-owned entities’ governance and seamless legislative framework. As the proposed overarching option is not an absolute resolve, the study tests whether the option could assist in arriving at a liberating praxis that would straddle though fulfilling corporate and developmental aspirations of the state. The study perused research reports and literature review applying qualitative methods.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reading on a jet plane: Business Ethics & Other Paradoxes","authors":"Jessica Lerm","doi":"10.15249/9-1-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/9-1-110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Every organisation (‘the fish’) is embedded in a certain setting (‘the water’). These metaphors imply a highly reciprocal, interdependent relationship between the organisation and its setting. The purpose of my article is to explore the utility of the conceptual distinction drawn by Aguinis and Glavas (2013) between Embedded and Peripheral Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), as applied from an emerging countries (ECs) perspective. Firstly, I elucidate unique EC organisational/people features. Secondly, I highlight the implications of these features for CSR. Finally, I address ‘contextually fit’ CSR, arguing that Embedded CSR is the sole imperative for organisations in ECs, but as an active, societal transformation partner. Every organisation (‘the fish’) is embedded in a certain setting (‘the water’). These metaphors imply a highly reciprocal, interdependent relationship between the organisation and its setting. The purpose of my article is to explore the utility of the conceptual distinction drawn by Aguinis and Glavas (2013) between Embedded and Peripheral Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), as applied from an emerging countries (ECs) perspective. Firstly, I elucidate unique EC organisational/people features. Secondly, I highlight the implications of these features for CSR. Finally, I address ‘contextually fit’ CSR, arguing that Embedded CSR is the sole imperative for organisations in ECs, but as an active, societal transformation partner.
{"title":"The power of the fish is in the water","authors":"T. Veldsman","doi":"10.15249/9-1-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/9-1-113","url":null,"abstract":"Every organisation (‘the fish’) is embedded in a certain setting (‘the water’). These metaphors imply a highly reciprocal, interdependent relationship between the organisation and its setting. The purpose of my article is to explore the utility of the conceptual distinction drawn by Aguinis and Glavas (2013) between Embedded and Peripheral Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), as applied from an emerging countries (ECs) perspective. Firstly, I elucidate unique EC organisational/people features. Secondly, I highlight the implications of these features for CSR. Finally, I address ‘contextually fit’ CSR, arguing that Embedded CSR is the sole imperative for organisations in ECs, but as an active, societal transformation partner. Every organisation (‘the fish’) is embedded in a certain setting (‘the water’). These metaphors imply a highly reciprocal, interdependent relationship between the organisation and its setting. The purpose of my article is to explore the utility of the conceptual distinction drawn by Aguinis and Glavas (2013) between Embedded and Peripheral Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), as applied from an emerging countries (ECs) perspective. Firstly, I elucidate unique EC organisational/people features. Secondly, I highlight the implications of these features for CSR. Finally, I address ‘contextually fit’ CSR, arguing that Embedded CSR is the sole imperative for organisations in ECs, but as an active, societal transformation partner.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing wage gap in South Africa has far-reaching socio-economic consequences. This study investigated the nature of executive remuneration issues raised by shareholder activists in the country. An analysis of 24 510 votes cast by 17 investment managers at 347 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in 2013 revealed that the vote to endorse companies’ executive remuneration policies evoked the most opposition. Well-known shareholder activist, Theo Botha also criticized companies for failing to disclose sufficient details on their remuneration policies. A disconnect between the performance of companies and their executives’ pay was also noted. It is recommended that the non-binding vote on executive remuneration be revised and more investor education provided. The growing wage gap in South Africa has far-reaching socio-economic consequences. This study investigated the nature of executive remuneration issues raised by shareholder activists in the country. An analysis of 24 510 votes cast by 17 investment managers at 347 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in 2013 revealed that the vote to endorse companies’ executive remuneration policies evoked the most opposition. Well-known shareholder activist, Theo Botha also criticized companies for failing to disclose sufficient details on their remuneration policies. A disconnect between the performance of companies and their executives’ pay was also noted. It is recommended that the non-binding vote on executive remuneration be revised and more investor education provided.
{"title":"Executive remuneration in South Africa : key issues highlighted by shareholder activists","authors":"S. Viviers","doi":"10.15249/9-1-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/9-1-112","url":null,"abstract":"The growing wage gap in South Africa has far-reaching socio-economic consequences. This study investigated the nature of executive remuneration issues raised by shareholder activists in the country. An analysis of 24 510 votes cast by 17 investment managers at 347 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in 2013 revealed that the vote to endorse companies’ executive remuneration policies evoked the most opposition. Well-known shareholder activist, Theo Botha also criticized companies for failing to disclose sufficient details on their remuneration policies. A disconnect between the performance of companies and their executives’ pay was also noted. It is recommended that the non-binding vote on executive remuneration be revised and more investor education provided. The growing wage gap in South Africa has far-reaching socio-economic consequences. This study investigated the nature of executive remuneration issues raised by shareholder activists in the country. An analysis of 24 510 votes cast by 17 investment managers at 347 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in 2013 revealed that the vote to endorse companies’ executive remuneration policies evoked the most opposition. Well-known shareholder activist, Theo Botha also criticized companies for failing to disclose sufficient details on their remuneration policies. A disconnect between the performance of companies and their executives’ pay was also noted. It is recommended that the non-binding vote on executive remuneration be revised and more investor education provided.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Responsible Management Education (edited by Wojciech Gasparski)","authors":"G. Goldman","doi":"10.15249/5-1-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/5-1-45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67334110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
King III recommends the use of integrated reporting to report on an organisation’s corporate governance practices and triple- bottom-line (TBL) performance. This article qualitatively evaluates Eskom’s response to their stakeholders’ TBL interests and expectations. Eskom’s 2012 integrated report did not fully disclose stakeholder management at the rational level, i.e. it did not identify, group, and map its stakeholder groups with their respective TBL interests and expectations. Through content analysis, applying deductive coding on the Eskom 2012 integrated report, it was found that, at a transactional level, the report meaningfully disclosed the utility’s engagement with the majority of stakeholders’ TBL interests and expectations.
King III建议使用综合报告来报告组织的公司治理实践和三重底线(TBL)绩效。本文定性地评估了Eskom对其利益相关者的TBL利益和期望的回应。Eskom的2012年综合报告没有在理性层面上充分披露利益相关者管理，也就是说，它没有根据各自的TBL利益和期望来识别、分组和映射利益相关者群体。通过内容分析，对Eskom 2012年综合报告应用演绎编码，我们发现，在交易层面，该报告有意地披露了公用事业公司与大多数利益相关者的TBL利益和期望的参与。
{"title":"Corporate governance, integrated reporting, and stakeholder management: A case study of Eskom","authors":"S. Vorster, Christel Marais","doi":"10.15249/8-2-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/8-2-84","url":null,"abstract":"King III recommends the use of integrated reporting to report on an organisation’s corporate governance practices and triple- bottom-line (TBL) performance. This article qualitatively evaluates Eskom’s response to their stakeholders’ TBL interests and expectations. Eskom’s 2012 integrated report did not fully disclose stakeholder management at the rational level, i.e. it did not identify, group, and map its stakeholder groups with their respective TBL interests and expectations. Through content analysis, applying deductive coding on the Eskom 2012 integrated report, it was found that, at a transactional level, the report meaningfully disclosed the utility’s engagement with the majority of stakeholders’ TBL interests and expectations.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proportionalist reasoning, found in the Aristo telian Just War theory, moderates the means taken by reference to the intended (moral) end. However, judging acts by their conformity or otherwise to one normative moral end might, in a liberal society, seem an imposition. Against this objection, I argue, with Spaemann, that values associated with the culture of commerce and its ethical theories are a breakaway from the culture of commitment and virtue that is the only possible framework for ethical reasoning. This commitment is unpacked by MacIntyre through the idea of a social practice and its internal goods. Applied to business, it is work itself, normatively conceived, that is the key internal good.
{"title":"Porportionalist reasoning in business ethics","authors":"P. Giddy","doi":"10.15249/8-2-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15249/8-2-88","url":null,"abstract":"Proportionalist reasoning, found in the Aristo telian Just War theory, moderates the means taken by reference to the intended (moral) end. However, judging acts by their conformity or otherwise to one normative moral end might, in a liberal society, seem an imposition. Against this objection, I argue, with Spaemann, that values associated with the culture of commerce and its ethical theories are a breakaway from the culture of commitment and virtue that is the only possible framework for ethical reasoning. This commitment is unpacked by MacIntyre through the idea of a social practice and its internal goods. Applied to business, it is work itself, normatively conceived, that is the key internal good.","PeriodicalId":42425,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Business Ethics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67335664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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