Francesca Cremonini, Francesca Pavan, Federica Pellitteri, Mario Palone, Luca Lombardo
Objectives: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the crevicular fluid volume (GCF) increase from a quantitative point of view in the first 8 hours of clear aligner treatment. Then, its variation and the amount of Orthodontic Tooth Movement (OTM) obtained with clear aligners was evaluated considering two different protocols, one of 20 h and one of 12 h. Material and Methods: A total of 10 healthy, adult patients were selected to participate in a split-mouth study where an orthodontic treatment with clear aligners was planned. Vestibular crown uncontrolled tipping was planned for upper lateral-posterior sectors. At 0H (baseline), and every hour for the first 8 hours of use, three GCF samples were collected. Then, all patients were asked to wear one random half of the upper aligner for 12 hours per day (Group 1) and the other half for 20 hours per day (Group 2). The GCF samples were measured using the Periotron 8000 device to quantify inflammation. Then, the amount of movement obtained was calculated by considering the FA point shift in mm with Geomagic X Control Software. Results: No differences were found between the extent of inflammation in terms of GCF volume and hours of intermittent force application (group 1 vs group 2). Conclusion: The amount of GCF assessed through Periotron 8000 increases significantly from the moment forces are applied through clear aligners. Considering the limitations of the following pilot study, it would appear that the GCF amount is directly related to the amount of movement obtained.
目的:本初步研究的目的是从定量的角度评估沟液体积(GCF)增加在透明对准器治疗的前8小时。然后，根据两种不同的方案，一种是20小时，另一种是12小时，评估其变化和正畸牙齿运动(OTM)的数量。材料和方法:总共选择10名健康的成年患者参加裂口研究，计划使用透明对准器进行正畸治疗。前庭冠不受控制的倾斜是计划在上外侧后部门。在0H(基线)和使用前8小时的每小时，收集3个GCF样本。然后，所有患者被要求每天随机佩戴一半的上牙矫正器12小时(第一组)，另一半每天佩戴20小时(第二组)。使用Periotron 8000设备测量GCF样本以量化炎症。然后，利用Geomagic X Control软件，考虑FA点的位移，以mm为单位计算得到的移动量。结果:炎症程度在GCF体积和间歇施力时间方面没有差异(1组与2组)。结论:通过Periotron 8000评估的GCF量从通过透明矫正器施加力的时刻起显着增加。考虑到以下试点研究的局限性，GCF量似乎与获得的运动量直接相关。
{"title":"Variation of gingival crevicular fluid volume in early orthodontic tooth movement with clear aligner: A pilot study","authors":"Francesca Cremonini, Francesca Pavan, Federica Pellitteri, Mario Palone, Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.25259/apos_60_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_60_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the crevicular fluid volume (GCF) increase from a quantitative point of view in the first 8 hours of clear aligner treatment. Then, its variation and the amount of Orthodontic Tooth Movement (OTM) obtained with clear aligners was evaluated considering two different protocols, one of 20 h and one of 12 h. Material and Methods: A total of 10 healthy, adult patients were selected to participate in a split-mouth study where an orthodontic treatment with clear aligners was planned. Vestibular crown uncontrolled tipping was planned for upper lateral-posterior sectors. At 0H (baseline), and every hour for the first 8 hours of use, three GCF samples were collected. Then, all patients were asked to wear one random half of the upper aligner for 12 hours per day (Group 1) and the other half for 20 hours per day (Group 2). The GCF samples were measured using the Periotron 8000 device to quantify inflammation. Then, the amount of movement obtained was calculated by considering the FA point shift in mm with Geomagic X Control Software. Results: No differences were found between the extent of inflammation in terms of GCF volume and hours of intermittent force application (group 1 vs group 2). Conclusion: The amount of GCF assessed through Periotron 8000 increases significantly from the moment forces are applied through clear aligners. Considering the limitations of the following pilot study, it would appear that the GCF amount is directly related to the amount of movement obtained.","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wilmar Andrés Melo Andrade, William Eduardo Fayad Bajaire, Valentina Fayad Jaramillo, Tania Alejandra González García
Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of resin attachments on the displacement and deformation pattern of the aligner plastic, determine the center of rotation and stress distribution in the upper canine during space closure using the finite element method (FEM), and evaluate the plastic Aligner deformation. Materials and Method s: A computer-assisted design model of the superior right hemiarch was constructed with the simulation of a first premolar extraction and a canine distalization, recreating the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. FEMs were created to analyze the behavior of stress and displacement of the upper right canine with aligners in four situations, one without attachment, and three with bonded attachments (vertical rectangular, rectangular beveled, optimized root control). In addition, the plastic deformation of the aligner was evaluated. Results: In the simulation without attachment, there was no apical movement, while with vertical rectangular and rectangular beveled the behavior was similar with crown distal displacement and mesial apex displacement. The optimized attachment had a better movement control of the canine body respecting the crown and apical movement toward the same direction. The mayor plastic deformation was shown without attachment and no deformation was evidenced with optimized attachment. Conclusion: The FEM showed that nevertheless the optimized attachment produced a distal crown and apical displacement with the use of plastic aligners during the space closure, the apex only moved ¼ of the distal crown movement. Our results suggest that to obtain a pure translation of the canine with aligners, it would be necessary the use of auxiliars which complement the needed biomechanics.
{"title":"Effects of three types of attachments in the displacements, and distribution of stress and plastic deformation, and trough finite elements (FEM)","authors":"Wilmar Andrés Melo Andrade, William Eduardo Fayad Bajaire, Valentina Fayad Jaramillo, Tania Alejandra González García","doi":"10.25259/apos_19_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_19_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of resin attachments on the displacement and deformation pattern of the aligner plastic, determine the center of rotation and stress distribution in the upper canine during space closure using the finite element method (FEM), and evaluate the plastic Aligner deformation. Materials and Method s: A computer-assisted design model of the superior right hemiarch was constructed with the simulation of a first premolar extraction and a canine distalization, recreating the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. FEMs were created to analyze the behavior of stress and displacement of the upper right canine with aligners in four situations, one without attachment, and three with bonded attachments (vertical rectangular, rectangular beveled, optimized root control). In addition, the plastic deformation of the aligner was evaluated. Results: In the simulation without attachment, there was no apical movement, while with vertical rectangular and rectangular beveled the behavior was similar with crown distal displacement and mesial apex displacement. The optimized attachment had a better movement control of the canine body respecting the crown and apical movement toward the same direction. The mayor plastic deformation was shown without attachment and no deformation was evidenced with optimized attachment. Conclusion: The FEM showed that nevertheless the optimized attachment produced a distal crown and apical displacement with the use of plastic aligners during the space closure, the apex only moved ¼ of the distal crown movement. Our results suggest that to obtain a pure translation of the canine with aligners, it would be necessary the use of auxiliars which complement the needed biomechanics.","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesca Cremonini, Daniela Guiducci, Mario Palone, Luca Lombardo
Objective: The aim of the study was to describe a clinical case of a Class III malocclusion and severe open bite approached with clear aligners (CAs) and intermaxillary elastics. Case Presentation: A 21-year-old male patient showed to the dental clinic asking for orthodontic treatment. His chief complaint was an unpleasant smile esthetics. The patient showed an oval face with increased length of the lower third of the face, slight mandibular asymmetry, and concave profile. On intraoral evaluation, a bilateral canine and molar Class III with reduced overbite could be seen. Pre-treatment panoramic radiograph showed good root parallelism and presence of all dental elements. Cephalometric values confirmed skeletal Class III (Wits Appraisal = −6.5 mm), increased vertical dimension (FMA = 34.3°), correctly inclined upper incisors and retroclined lower incisors. After discussing the treatment options with the patient, CAs (F22, Sweden and Martina, Due Carrare, Padova, Italy) were chosen to approach this malocclusion together with intermaxillary elastics. After 9 months of active treatment involving 18 sets of aligners, the patient showed correct overbite, bilateral canine e molar Class I, leveled and aligned dental arches, and no signs of radicular or bone resorption. Cephalometric parameters show control of vertical dimension (FMA = 34.4°), upper incisor flaring and lower incisor retroclination, and signs of a dentoalveolar compensation. Conclusion: Careful diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical management of CAs and intermaxillary elastics led to a successful dentoalveolar compensation featured by good occlusal results, bilateral Class I relationship, and normal overbite which remained stable after 1 year from the end of treatment.
{"title":"Clear aligners for Class III malocclusion and severe open bite camouflage: A case report","authors":"Francesca Cremonini, Daniela Guiducci, Mario Palone, Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.25259/apos_76_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_76_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the study was to describe a clinical case of a Class III malocclusion and severe open bite approached with clear aligners (CAs) and intermaxillary elastics. Case Presentation: A 21-year-old male patient showed to the dental clinic asking for orthodontic treatment. His chief complaint was an unpleasant smile esthetics. The patient showed an oval face with increased length of the lower third of the face, slight mandibular asymmetry, and concave profile. On intraoral evaluation, a bilateral canine and molar Class III with reduced overbite could be seen. Pre-treatment panoramic radiograph showed good root parallelism and presence of all dental elements. Cephalometric values confirmed skeletal Class III (Wits Appraisal = −6.5 mm), increased vertical dimension (FMA = 34.3°), correctly inclined upper incisors and retroclined lower incisors. After discussing the treatment options with the patient, CAs (F22, Sweden and Martina, Due Carrare, Padova, Italy) were chosen to approach this malocclusion together with intermaxillary elastics. After 9 months of active treatment involving 18 sets of aligners, the patient showed correct overbite, bilateral canine e molar Class I, leveled and aligned dental arches, and no signs of radicular or bone resorption. Cephalometric parameters show control of vertical dimension (FMA = 34.4°), upper incisor flaring and lower incisor retroclination, and signs of a dentoalveolar compensation. Conclusion: Careful diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical management of CAs and intermaxillary elastics led to a successful dentoalveolar compensation featured by good occlusal results, bilateral Class I relationship, and normal overbite which remained stable after 1 year from the end of treatment.","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin Yoshiori Kai, Ronnel Azizollahi, S. Oberoi, A. Jheon, M. Bajestan
The objective of this study was to utilize digital models and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographs to quantify the skeletal and dentoalveolar maxillary expansion in Phase I orthodontic treatment using clear aligner therapy. Fifty-four patients (22 females and 32 males) had measurements taken on both the pre-treatment and post-treatment intraoral scans from the mesiolingual cusps of the maxillary permanent first molars and the cusp tips of the maxillary primary canines to perform model analysis of dentoalveolar expansion. The planned amount of expansion in the ClinCheck® setup was compared to the actual expansion. Twenty-nine patients (14 females and 15 males) out of 54 patients had both pre-treatment and post-treatment CBCT scans, which also allowed us to perform measurements between maxillary permanent first molars and between maxillary primary canines using CBCT data. Posterior expansion of 2.40 mm between maxillary permanent first molars and anterior expansion of 4.01 mm between maxillary primary canines was observed. A comparison with ClinCheck® showed percent yields of 51.15% for posterior expansion and 64.73% for anterior expansion. CBCT analysis displayed posterior expansion of 1.89 mm between the first molars, 1.87 mm between first molar cementoenamel junctions (CEJs), an angle change of −1.16° (buccal tipping) between first molars, anterior expansion of 3.64 mm between the primary canines, 1.78 mm between primary canine CEJs, and an angle change of 24.73° (facial tipping) between the primary canines. Our study highlights the potential capability of Phase I orthodontic treatment with clear aligners and shows that maxillary expansion does occur with the use of clear aligners.
{"title":"An evaluation of maxillary expansion after Phase I orthodontic treatment with clear aligners using model analysis and cone-beam computed tomography","authors":"Kevin Yoshiori Kai, Ronnel Azizollahi, S. Oberoi, A. Jheon, M. Bajestan","doi":"10.25259/apos_168_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_168_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The objective of this study was to utilize digital models and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographs to quantify the skeletal and dentoalveolar maxillary expansion in Phase I orthodontic treatment using clear aligner therapy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Fifty-four patients (22 females and 32 males) had measurements taken on both the pre-treatment and post-treatment intraoral scans from the mesiolingual cusps of the maxillary permanent first molars and the cusp tips of the maxillary primary canines to perform model analysis of dentoalveolar expansion. The planned amount of expansion in the ClinCheck® setup was compared to the actual expansion. Twenty-nine patients (14 females and 15 males) out of 54 patients had both pre-treatment and post-treatment CBCT scans, which also allowed us to perform measurements between maxillary permanent first molars and between maxillary primary canines using CBCT data.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Posterior expansion of 2.40 mm between maxillary permanent first molars and anterior expansion of 4.01 mm between maxillary primary canines was observed. A comparison with ClinCheck® showed percent yields of 51.15% for posterior expansion and 64.73% for anterior expansion. CBCT analysis displayed posterior expansion of 1.89 mm between the first molars, 1.87 mm between first molar cementoenamel junctions (CEJs), an angle change of −1.16° (buccal tipping) between first molars, anterior expansion of 3.64 mm between the primary canines, 1.78 mm between primary canine CEJs, and an angle change of 24.73° (facial tipping) between the primary canines.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our study highlights the potential capability of Phase I orthodontic treatment with clear aligners and shows that maxillary expansion does occur with the use of clear aligners.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83885746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accidental ingestion or aspiration of dental foreign bodies is a life-threatening medical emergency. Orthodontic materials such as brackets, bands, wire segments, and appliances are the second most common of foreign bodies to be ingested. Immediate retrieval from the stomach before the object passes the duodenal sweep is recommended. This article reports a case of retrieval of accidentally ingested tube pre-welded molar band within 45 min of ingestion, using endoscopy.
{"title":"Immediate retrieval of an accidentally ingested tube pre-welded molar band from stomach – A case report","authors":"J. M. Iqbal, B. Balashanmugam, M. Keerthana","doi":"10.25259/apos_50_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_50_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Accidental ingestion or aspiration of dental foreign bodies is a life-threatening medical emergency. Orthodontic materials such as brackets, bands, wire segments, and appliances are the second most common of foreign bodies to be ingested. Immediate retrieval from the stomach before the object passes the duodenal sweep is recommended. This article reports a case of retrieval of accidentally ingested tube pre-welded molar band within 45 min of ingestion, using endoscopy.","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85807253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on the rate of maxillary canine retraction for a period of 5 months. A split-mouth study was conducted on 16 patients (32 extraction sockets) (Nine males and seven females; age ranging 17–25 years) with Class II Div 1 malocclusion or Class I bimaxillary protrusion, requiring therapeutic extraction of bilateral maxillary first premolars. After the initial leveling and alignment, L-PRF plugs were placed immediately in the randomly selected socket (Experimental Group) and the other side served as control for secondary healing (Control Group). This was followed by the activation of nickel-titanium closed coil springs for canine retraction. The rate of canine movement, canine rotation, tipping, root resorption, and molar movement was assessed at monthly intervals for 5 months (T0–T5). Data were collected from study models. Assessment of pain accompanying the procedure was done using a Likert scale. The trial was registered at the Clinical Trials Registry of India (REF/2022/02/051837). The study revealed that there was a significant increase in the rate of canine movement on the experimental side in the first 2 months and significant molar anchorage loss was seen only in the 1st month. There were statistically non-significant differences in canine rotation, tipping, probing depth, root resorption, and pain perception between the groups. The use of L-PRF plugs in the extraction sockets enhanced the rate of canine movement in the first 2 months of treatment with less anchorage loss and no deleterious effects on periodontium.
{"title":"Effect of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin on the rate of canine movement – A prospective and randomized control trial","authors":"Seema Gupta, Eenal Bhambri, Monika Sorokhaibam, Namit Nagar, Deepali Agarwal, M. Sharma","doi":"10.25259/apos_42_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_42_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on the rate of maxillary canine retraction for a period of 5 months.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A split-mouth study was conducted on 16 patients (32 extraction sockets) (Nine males and seven females; age ranging 17–25 years) with Class II Div 1 malocclusion or Class I bimaxillary protrusion, requiring therapeutic extraction of bilateral maxillary first premolars. After the initial leveling and alignment, L-PRF plugs were placed immediately in the randomly selected socket (Experimental Group) and the other side served as control for secondary healing (Control Group). This was followed by the activation of nickel-titanium closed coil springs for canine retraction. The rate of canine movement, canine rotation, tipping, root resorption, and molar movement was assessed at monthly intervals for 5 months (T0–T5). Data were collected from study models. Assessment of pain accompanying the procedure was done using a Likert scale. The trial was registered at the Clinical Trials Registry of India (REF/2022/02/051837).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study revealed that there was a significant increase in the rate of canine movement on the experimental side in the first 2 months and significant molar anchorage loss was seen only in the 1st month. There were statistically non-significant differences in canine rotation, tipping, probing depth, root resorption, and pain perception between the groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The use of L-PRF plugs in the extraction sockets enhanced the rate of canine movement in the first 2 months of treatment with less anchorage loss and no deleterious effects on periodontium.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81260653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Çokakoğlu, R. Nalçacı, Murat Tozlu, S. Altıntaş
This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) of aligner attachments bonded to primary teeth with different techniques and composites. Eighty attachments were prepared using five composites: An aligner composite (GC aligner connect [GAC]), two flowable restorative composites (G-aenial universal injectable and Estelite universal super low flow), and two one-step orthodontic composites integrated with primer (GC ortho connect flow and GC ortho connect). Aligner and restorative composites were applied with self- or total-etch (SE or TE) modes of universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond). Self-adhering composites integrated with primer were applied after acid etching. Excessive composites were removed with tungsten carbide burs after the polymerization of resin attachments. All primary teeth were exposed to thermocycling. Bond strength was determined with a universal testing machine. Remnant resin attachment was scored with the resin attachment remnant index. Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses. The self-etching technique demonstrated lower SBS values compared to total-etching and self-adhering groups regardless of composite type. The highest SBS was found with aligner composite (GAC) and the total-etching technique. Self-adhering composites showed sufficiently high SBS values comparable with GAC and TE bonding techniques. The amount of remnant attachment was significantly higher in the total-etching and self-adhering groups compared to SE bonding with GAC (P < 0.05). Self-adhering orthodontic composites can be preferred to simplify the bonding of aligner attachments to primary enamel after acid etching.
{"title":"What is the most effective technique and composite for bonding aligner attachments to primary enamel?","authors":"S. Çokakoğlu, R. Nalçacı, Murat Tozlu, S. Altıntaş","doi":"10.25259/apos_57_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_57_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) of aligner attachments bonded to primary teeth with different techniques and composites.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Eighty attachments were prepared using five composites: An aligner composite (GC aligner connect [GAC]), two flowable restorative composites (G-aenial universal injectable and Estelite universal super low flow), and two one-step orthodontic composites integrated with primer (GC ortho connect flow and GC ortho connect). Aligner and restorative composites were applied with self- or total-etch (SE or TE) modes of universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond). Self-adhering composites integrated with primer were applied after acid etching. Excessive composites were removed with tungsten carbide burs after the polymerization of resin attachments. All primary teeth were exposed to thermocycling. Bond strength was determined with a universal testing machine. Remnant resin attachment was scored with the resin attachment remnant index. Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The self-etching technique demonstrated lower SBS values compared to total-etching and self-adhering groups regardless of composite type. The highest SBS was found with aligner composite (GAC) and the total-etching technique. Self-adhering composites showed sufficiently high SBS values comparable with GAC and TE bonding techniques. The amount of remnant attachment was significantly higher in the total-etching and self-adhering groups compared to SE bonding with GAC (P < 0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Self-adhering orthodontic composites can be preferred to simplify the bonding of aligner attachments to primary enamel after acid etching.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77016349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Soledad Quizhpi-Quito, Ebingen Villavicencio Caparó, Diego Maurício Bravo-Calderón
The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the possible association between transforming growth factor B3 (TGFB3) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) gene polymorphisms and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Two reviewers independently screened studies by examining all titles and abstracts. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: The outcome of interest was NSCL/P; the polymorphisms studied were TGFB3 and FGF; they presented sufficient data, that is, allele/genotype frequency between cases and controls; or their odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Study quality was independently assessed by a risk of bias assessment for genetic association studies. Based on the inclusion criteria, we have selected a total of six articles (four for TGFB and two for FGF). Particularly for the TGFB gene, we have found significant results in exon 4 in the variant g.15812T>G, and in the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs2300607 A/T, in the distribution between cases and controls. On the other hand, for the FGF gene, we observed a statistically significant in the genotype rs34010 CA. None of the genetic variations that show the association is verified in different populations; therefore, there is not enough scientific validation regarding the association between TGFB and FGF polymorphism and NSCL/P. The findings of the different studies suggest the need for further investigations with samples composed of a larger number of individuals in different populations, which should be performed with all the standards for genetic studies, thus allowing an understanding of the molecular basis of the disease.
{"title":"Association of TGFB3 and FGFs gene polymorphisms with cleft lip with or without cleft palate a systematic review","authors":"Andrea Soledad Quizhpi-Quito, Ebingen Villavicencio Caparó, Diego Maurício Bravo-Calderón","doi":"10.25259/apos_198_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_198_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the possible association between transforming growth factor B3 (TGFB3) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) gene polymorphisms and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Two reviewers independently screened studies by examining all titles and abstracts. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: The outcome of interest was NSCL/P; the polymorphisms studied were TGFB3 and FGF; they presented sufficient data, that is, allele/genotype frequency between cases and controls; or their odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Study quality was independently assessed by a risk of bias assessment for genetic association studies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Based on the inclusion criteria, we have selected a total of six articles (four for TGFB and two for FGF). Particularly for the TGFB gene, we have found significant results in exon 4 in the variant g.15812T>G, and in the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs2300607 A/T, in the distribution between cases and controls. On the other hand, for the FGF gene, we observed a statistically significant in the genotype rs34010 CA.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000None of the genetic variations that show the association is verified in different populations; therefore, there is not enough scientific validation regarding the association between TGFB and FGF polymorphism and NSCL/P. The findings of the different studies suggest the need for further investigations with samples composed of a larger number of individuals in different populations, which should be performed with all the standards for genetic studies, thus allowing an understanding of the molecular basis of the disease.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84037365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivani Sharma, S. Verma, Vinay Kumar, R. Verma, S. Singh
The objectives of this study were to compare the alignment efficacy, changes in arch dimensions, and pain experience with three different nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires. Forty-five subjects were subjected to indirect bonding in the mandibular arch, and allocated to three groups using block randomization; Group 1 (0.014” Superelastic NiTi), Group 2 (0.014” 27° Copper NiTi), and Group 3 (0.016” seven stranded coaxial NiTi archwire). The mandibular study models were retrieved periodically at 4-week intervals for 12 weeks, which were blinded to measure the change in Little’s irregularity index (LII) and dental arch dimensions. Pain and discomfort were recorded with visual analog scale at five different time intervals, namely, immediately after bonding (0) and at 1-, 4-, 8-, and 12-h for initial 7 days. Repeated analysis of variance, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, post hoc Bonferroni test, and Friedman’s test was applied for the comparison and was used for data analysis. A significant reduction of LII score and increase inarch length, intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar width (P ≤ 0.001) were observed after 12 weeks among all groups. However, intergroup comparison showed significant mean changes only for intercanine width (Group 1 versus 3) and interpremolar width (Groups 1 and 3; Groups 2 and 3). All other variables were found to be insignificant at all-time intervals when compared among each group. The increase in pain score was maximum with Group 1and least with Group 3. All archwires were found to be effective in reducing the LII score. Nevertheless, Group 3 archwire could achieve reduction of LII to zero in 14% of subjects than Groups 1 and 2.
{"title":"Comparison of alignment efficacy and arch dimensions changes with superelastic-, heat-activated-, and seven stranded coaxial nickel-titanium archwires during fixed orthodontic treatment – A double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"Shivani Sharma, S. Verma, Vinay Kumar, R. Verma, S. Singh","doi":"10.25259/apos_44_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_44_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The objectives of this study were to compare the alignment efficacy, changes in arch dimensions, and pain experience with three different nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Forty-five subjects were subjected to indirect bonding in the mandibular arch, and allocated to three groups using block randomization; Group 1 (0.014” Superelastic NiTi), Group 2 (0.014” 27° Copper NiTi), and Group 3 (0.016” seven stranded coaxial NiTi archwire). The mandibular study models were retrieved periodically at 4-week intervals for 12 weeks, which were blinded to measure the change in Little’s irregularity index (LII) and dental arch dimensions. Pain and discomfort were recorded with visual analog scale at five different time intervals, namely, immediately after bonding (0) and at 1-, 4-, 8-, and 12-h for initial 7 days. Repeated analysis of variance, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, post hoc Bonferroni test, and Friedman’s test was applied for the comparison and was used for data analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A significant reduction of LII score and increase inarch length, intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar width (P ≤ 0.001) were observed after 12 weeks among all groups. However, intergroup comparison showed significant mean changes only for intercanine width (Group 1 versus 3) and interpremolar width (Groups 1 and 3; Groups 2 and 3). All other variables were found to be insignificant at all-time intervals when compared among each group. The increase in pain score was maximum with Group 1and least with Group 3.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000All archwires were found to be effective in reducing the LII score. Nevertheless, Group 3 archwire could achieve reduction of LII to zero in 14% of subjects than Groups 1 and 2.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81181890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdel-rahman Mohamed, Yaosen Chen, Khaled Wafaie, Maher Al-balaa, Bayan M. Abusafia, O. M. Mohammed, Yan Yang, Yiqiang Qiao
The aim of this study was to evaluate the size of posterior airway space (PAS) and hyoid bone position in Chinese and Egyptian races in both genders using cephalometry. Lateral Cephalometric X-ray were collected from 195 healthy young adults (96 Chinese subjects and 99 Egyptian subjects). Twenty cephalometric measurements (linear and angular) of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, tongue, and hyoid bone were recorded. Considering gender, according to the ANB angle, the subjects were classified into three types of skeletal malocclusion: class I (1° ≤ ANB ≤ 3°), class II (ANB > 3°), and class III (ANB < 1°). Probability (P) ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Confident intervals of 95% were used and P < 0.05 was considered to represent statistically significant differences. Significant differences were founded in (PNS-V) (P ≤ 0.01), (TT-V) (P ≤ 0.05), ([Hy-Me-MP] [P ≤ 0.01] [Hyoid–MP-Prep] [P ≤ 0.05] [Hy-C3] [P ≤ 0.01] and [Hy-S] [P ≤ 0.05]), and (PNS-U) between Class II and Class III (P ≤ 0.05) in Chinese group. Significant differences were founded in (TT_FH) (P < 0.001), (Hy_RGn) (P < 0.001), Hyoid bone and C3 (Hy_C3) (P < 0.05), (DeepPharyxatPog) (P < 0.05), and (Hy_C3) between Class I and Class II (P < 0.05) in Egyptian group. There is no direct clinical implication of this study. However, the study shows a reference of the average size of PAS in both genders of Egyptian and Chinese races. Gender showed a significant influence on the PAS dimensions in both Chinese and Egyptian individuals. Sexual dimorphism may account for larger airway dimensions and hyoid bone geometry in both Chinese and Egyptian males.
{"title":"Cephalometric evaluation of posterior airway space in Chinese and Egyptian races","authors":"Abdel-rahman Mohamed, Yaosen Chen, Khaled Wafaie, Maher Al-balaa, Bayan M. Abusafia, O. M. Mohammed, Yan Yang, Yiqiang Qiao","doi":"10.25259/apos_17_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_17_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aim of this study was to evaluate the size of posterior airway space (PAS) and hyoid bone position in Chinese and Egyptian races in both genders using cephalometry.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Lateral Cephalometric X-ray were collected from 195 healthy young adults (96 Chinese subjects and 99 Egyptian subjects). Twenty cephalometric measurements (linear and angular) of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, tongue, and hyoid bone were recorded. Considering gender, according to the ANB angle, the subjects were classified into three types of skeletal malocclusion: class I (1° ≤ ANB ≤ 3°), class II (ANB > 3°), and class III (ANB < 1°). Probability (P) ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Confident intervals of 95% were used and P < 0.05 was considered to represent statistically significant differences.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Significant differences were founded in (PNS-V) (P ≤ 0.01), (TT-V) (P ≤ 0.05), ([Hy-Me-MP] [P ≤ 0.01] [Hyoid–MP-Prep] [P ≤ 0.05] [Hy-C3] [P ≤ 0.01] and [Hy-S] [P ≤ 0.05]), and (PNS-U) between Class II and Class III (P ≤ 0.05) in Chinese group. Significant differences were founded in (TT_FH) (P < 0.001), (Hy_RGn) (P < 0.001), Hyoid bone and C3 (Hy_C3) (P < 0.05), (DeepPharyxatPog) (P < 0.05), and (Hy_C3) between Class I and Class II (P < 0.05) in Egyptian group.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There is no direct clinical implication of this study. However, the study shows a reference of the average size of PAS in both genders of Egyptian and Chinese races. Gender showed a significant influence on the PAS dimensions in both Chinese and Egyptian individuals. Sexual dimorphism may account for larger airway dimensions and hyoid bone geometry in both Chinese and Egyptian males.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81124090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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