This study aimed to three-dimensionally evaluate and compare anatomic condylar position to glenoid fossa in skeletal Classes I and II malocclusions along with vertical facial morphology (VFM). Full skull 50 cone-beam computed tomographies (CBCTs) were taken with teeth in maximum intercuspation of patients aged 18–45 years who were grouped as skeletal Classes I and II, 25 each based on ANB angle and the patient’s right condyle was analyzed on CareStream-3D viewing software. The VFM was categorized based on the Jarabak ratio. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney and Chi-square test. In skeletal Class II when compared to Class I, the condyle in the glenoid fossa was anteriorly positioned with reduced anterior (P = 0.006) and increased posterior (P = 0.04) distance showing eccentric position. The condyle was also positioned lower suggesting an increased distance in the upper joint space (P = 0.04). The reduced height of the articular eminence indicated the condylar path and its position. The angle of articular eminence (P = 0.44) was decreased. Statistically, significant difference was not found between the various vertical facial morphologies. CBCT provides precise diagnostic values of joint spaces in skeletal Classes I and II to differentiate ideal condylar position from non-ideal according to different skeletal patterns, VFM, and also to notice minor discrepancies in joint spaces quantitatively. Depending on increased or decreased distances in the joint spaces, one can identify any temporomandibular joint-related discrepancies.
{"title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of condylar position in skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions along with vertical facial morphology","authors":"Aditi Sharma, V. Pai, M. Hegde, Shreyas Rajaram","doi":"10.25259/apos_124_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_124_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study aimed to three-dimensionally evaluate and compare anatomic condylar position to glenoid fossa in skeletal Classes I and II malocclusions along with vertical facial morphology (VFM).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Full skull 50 cone-beam computed tomographies (CBCTs) were taken with teeth in maximum intercuspation of patients aged 18–45 years who were grouped as skeletal Classes I and II, 25 each based on ANB angle and the patient’s right condyle was analyzed on CareStream-3D viewing software. The VFM was categorized based on the Jarabak ratio. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney and Chi-square test.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In skeletal Class II when compared to Class I, the condyle in the glenoid fossa was anteriorly positioned with reduced anterior (P = 0.006) and increased posterior (P = 0.04) distance showing eccentric position. The condyle was also positioned lower suggesting an increased distance in the upper joint space (P = 0.04). The reduced height of the articular eminence indicated the condylar path and its position. The angle of articular eminence (P = 0.44) was decreased. Statistically, significant difference was not found between the various vertical facial morphologies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CBCT provides precise diagnostic values of joint spaces in skeletal Classes I and II to differentiate ideal condylar position from non-ideal according to different skeletal patterns, VFM, and also to notice minor discrepancies in joint spaces quantitatively. Depending on increased or decreased distances in the joint spaces, one can identify any temporomandibular joint-related discrepancies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89303278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to compare the efficacy of Titanium-Molybdenum (Ti-Mo) and Titanium-Niobium (Ti-Nb) alloy wires as retraction springs, by comparing: The amount and rate of canine retraction, the degree of canine rotation, the change in axial inclination of canines, and the associated anchorage loss. All 17 participants (age: 18–25 years) to be treated with the first premolar extraction approach by canine retraction were assigned Ti-Mo and Ti-Nb alloy T-loop springs to either of the upper quadrants randomly. Digital intraoral 3-D scans and panoramic radiographs orthopantomagram (OPG) were taken before (T0) and after (T1) the study period (4 months). 3-D superimposition was performed and using the digital models and OPG, changes in canine position, angulation, and anchorage loss were compared between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups for all the parameters pertaining to maxillary canine retraction, that is, canine retraction (P = 0.72), change in axial inclination of canines (P = 0.71), rotation of canines (P = 0.74), and anchorage loss (P = 0.13) as well as extraction space closure (P = 0.74). Ti-Nb and Ti-Mo alloy wires show a similar potency for use in retraction mechanics for orthodontic space closure.
{"title":"Comparison of retraction efficacy of titanium-molybdenum and titanium-niobium alloy wires – A prospective split-mouth study","authors":"Nikhil Jain, Gauri S. Vichare, Veera I Bhosale","doi":"10.25259/apos_133_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_133_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The study aimed to compare the efficacy of Titanium-Molybdenum (Ti-Mo) and Titanium-Niobium (Ti-Nb) alloy wires as retraction springs, by comparing: The amount and rate of canine retraction, the degree of canine rotation, the change in axial inclination of canines, and the associated anchorage loss.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000All 17 participants (age: 18–25 years) to be treated with the first premolar extraction approach by canine retraction were assigned Ti-Mo and Ti-Nb alloy T-loop springs to either of the upper quadrants randomly. Digital intraoral 3-D scans and panoramic radiographs orthopantomagram (OPG) were taken before (T0) and after (T1) the study period (4 months). 3-D superimposition was performed and using the digital models and OPG, changes in canine position, angulation, and anchorage loss were compared between the two groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups for all the parameters pertaining to maxillary canine retraction, that is, canine retraction (P = 0.72), change in axial inclination of canines (P = 0.71), rotation of canines (P = 0.74), and anchorage loss (P = 0.13) as well as extraction space closure (P = 0.74).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ti-Nb and Ti-Mo alloy wires show a similar potency for use in retraction mechanics for orthodontic space closure.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87048122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rutuja Sheshnarayan Devadkar, Sheetal S. Potnis, N. Toshniwal, Shilpa Pharande, Vineet Vinay
To find out success rate of mini-implants based on side of insertion and type of jaw. The aim of orthodontic treatment is to maintain sufficient anchorage control to create appropriate force systems that provide the desired treatment effects. Implants have been used as skeletal anchorage devices for orthodontic purposes. The following study is a systematic review of mini-screws as an intervention to evaluate the stability and different related clinical parameters to define the success rate (outcome) depending on the side of insertion (i.e., right side and left side) and type of jaw (i.e., maxilla and mandible following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A total of 52 articles were extracted for qualitative synthesis among which 24 articles were reviewed for meta-analysis and the results showed that the maxilla is a better placement site for insertion of mini-implant (MI) than mandible with the odds ratio of 0.58, that is, the MI placement in the maxillary region is 58% more successful than mandibular region. The other parameter showed that the insertion of MI on the right side was more successful with the odds ratio of 0.50, that is, the insertion of MI on the right side of the jaw is 50% more successful than on the left side of the jaw.
{"title":"Success rate of mini-implants based on side of insertion and type of jaw in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment – A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Rutuja Sheshnarayan Devadkar, Sheetal S. Potnis, N. Toshniwal, Shilpa Pharande, Vineet Vinay","doi":"10.25259/apos_156_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_156_2021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000To find out success rate of mini-implants based on side of insertion and type of jaw. The aim of orthodontic treatment is to maintain sufficient anchorage control to create appropriate force systems that provide the desired treatment effects. Implants have been used as skeletal anchorage devices for orthodontic purposes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The following study is a systematic review of mini-screws as an intervention to evaluate the stability and different related clinical parameters to define the success rate (outcome) depending on the side of insertion (i.e., right side and left side) and type of jaw (i.e., maxilla and mandible following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 52 articles were extracted for qualitative synthesis among which 24 articles were reviewed for meta-analysis and the results showed that the maxilla is a better placement site for insertion of mini-implant (MI) than mandible with the odds ratio of 0.58, that is, the MI placement in the maxillary region is 58% more successful than mandibular region. The other parameter showed that the insertion of MI on the right side was more successful with the odds ratio of 0.50, that is, the insertion of MI on the right side of the jaw is 50% more successful than on the left side of the jaw.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89951807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiachen Li, Kimberlee Onsiong, Elok Yi Lok Cheung, Yifan Lin
This study conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of articles published from 2012 to 2021 in three orthodontic journals: The American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJODO), The Angle Orthodontist (AO), and European Journal of Orthodontics (EJO). Eligible articles published from 2012 to 2021 in AJODO, AO, and EJO were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database and subsequently processed using CiteSpace software to generate their characteristics, including authorship, institution, geographic origin, keywords, and citation profiles. The three orthodontic journals published 4001 articles from 370 institutions in 95 countries from 2012 to 2021. The AJODO published the most articles (45.5%) followed by AO (31.3%) and EJO (23.2%). The most prolific country was the United States (US), followed by Brazil, South Korea, China, and Turkey. The authors from the US were heavily engaged in international collaborations, especially with South Korea and Brazil. The country and institutions with the highest citation counts per publication were Italy and the University of Bern (Switzerland), respectively. Pandis N was the most prolific author, and Proffit W was the most-cited author in the 4001 publications. The keywords that emerged most frequently were “children” followed by “orthodontic treatment” and “malocclusion.” Four of the 10 most-cited articles were related to digital dental technology. This bibliometric analysis provides a complete picture of the research published in three major orthodontic journals over the past decade. It comprehensively analyzes the authorship, country of origin, institutions, keywords, and citation profiles of the articles.
本研究对2012年至2021年发表在《American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics》(AJODO)、《The Angle Orthodontist》(AO)和《European Journal of Orthodontics》(EJO)三家正畸期刊上的文章进行了全面的文献计量分析。从Web of Science Core Collection数据库中检索2012 - 2021年在AJODO、AO和EJO上发表的符合条件的文章，随后使用CiteSpace软件进行处理，生成其特征，包括作者、机构、地理来源、关键词和引文资料。2012年至2021年，这三家正畸期刊发表了来自95个国家370家机构的4001篇文章。AJODO发表的文章最多(45.5%)，其次是AO(31.3%)和EJO(23.2%)。最多产的国家是美国，其次是巴西、韩国、中国和土耳其。来自美国的作者积极参与国际合作，特别是与韩国和巴西的合作。每份出版物引用数最高的国家和机构分别是意大利和伯尔尼大学(瑞士)。在4001个出版物中，Pandis N是最多产的作者，profit W是被引用最多的作者。出现频率最高的关键词是“儿童”，其次是“正畸治疗”和“错牙合”。被引用最多的10篇文章中有4篇与数字牙科技术有关。这个文献计量学分析提供了在过去十年中发表在三个主要正畸期刊上的研究的完整图景。它全面分析了文章的作者、原产国、机构、关键词和引用概况。
{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of research publications in three major orthodontic journals during 2012–2021","authors":"Jiachen Li, Kimberlee Onsiong, Elok Yi Lok Cheung, Yifan Lin","doi":"10.25259/apos_137_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_137_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of articles published from 2012 to 2021 in three orthodontic journals: The American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJODO), The Angle Orthodontist (AO), and European Journal of Orthodontics (EJO).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Eligible articles published from 2012 to 2021 in AJODO, AO, and EJO were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database and subsequently processed using CiteSpace software to generate their characteristics, including authorship, institution, geographic origin, keywords, and citation profiles.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The three orthodontic journals published 4001 articles from 370 institutions in 95 countries from 2012 to 2021. The AJODO published the most articles (45.5%) followed by AO (31.3%) and EJO (23.2%). The most prolific country was the United States (US), followed by Brazil, South Korea, China, and Turkey. The authors from the US were heavily engaged in international collaborations, especially with South Korea and Brazil. The country and institutions with the highest citation counts per publication were Italy and the University of Bern (Switzerland), respectively. Pandis N was the most prolific author, and Proffit W was the most-cited author in the 4001 publications. The keywords that emerged most frequently were “children” followed by “orthodontic treatment” and “malocclusion.” Four of the 10 most-cited articles were related to digital dental technology.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This bibliometric analysis provides a complete picture of the research published in three major orthodontic journals over the past decade. It comprehensively analyzes the authorship, country of origin, institutions, keywords, and citation profiles of the articles.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"22 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83681443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The demand for clear aligner treatment has increased in recent years. Thus, this study investigated public knowledge regarding Invisalign clear aligner treatment. A web-based survey was administered through different social media platforms covering different aspects of Invisalign treatment, namely: Treatment efficiency, patient discomfort, appliance esthetic attractiveness, oral hygiene maintenance, and treatment aesthetic results. Participants were also asked to outline their perception of Invisalign treatment cost. A Likert-type scale was used to rank the participant responses. Data were analyzed with the Chi-square test and Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Out of 934 eligible adult participants, 19.6% were aware of Invisalign. Most of the Invisalign-familiar respondents were unaware of its cost (27.9%) but agree it is generally better (49.7%), requires fewer visits (38.2%), results in shorter treatment duration (39.4%) and reduced teeth discomfort (35%), more esthetically attractive (64%), yields easier oral hygiene maintenance (55.2%), and produces superior esthetic results (43.7%) than traditional braces. In addition, males and average-income participants were more likely to believe that Invisalign treatment produces superior esthetic results than traditional braces (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.002, respectively). Average-income participants also believed that Invisalign treatment was generally better (P < 0.0001). While participants in the age-range 55–64 years strongly believe, it is cheaper (P < 0.0001) than traditional braces. This study highlighted the lack of public knowledge about Invisalign treatment. The results also indicated the importance of ensuring public access to reliable information backed up by high-quality evidence.
{"title":"Public perception of Invisalign® clear aligner treatment: A cross-sectional survey-based study","authors":"N. Almotairy","doi":"10.25259/apos_127_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_127_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The demand for clear aligner treatment has increased in recent years. Thus, this study investigated public knowledge regarding Invisalign clear aligner treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A web-based survey was administered through different social media platforms covering different aspects of Invisalign treatment, namely: Treatment efficiency, patient discomfort, appliance esthetic attractiveness, oral hygiene maintenance, and treatment aesthetic results. Participants were also asked to outline their perception of Invisalign treatment cost. A Likert-type scale was used to rank the participant responses. Data were analyzed with the Chi-square test and Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Out of 934 eligible adult participants, 19.6% were aware of Invisalign. Most of the Invisalign-familiar respondents were unaware of its cost (27.9%) but agree it is generally better (49.7%), requires fewer visits (38.2%), results in shorter treatment duration (39.4%) and reduced teeth discomfort (35%), more esthetically attractive (64%), yields easier oral hygiene maintenance (55.2%), and produces superior esthetic results (43.7%) than traditional braces. In addition, males and average-income participants were more likely to believe that Invisalign treatment produces superior esthetic results than traditional braces (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.002, respectively). Average-income participants also believed that Invisalign treatment was generally better (P < 0.0001). While participants in the age-range 55–64 years strongly believe, it is cheaper (P < 0.0001) than traditional braces.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study highlighted the lack of public knowledge about Invisalign treatment. The results also indicated the importance of ensuring public access to reliable information backed up by high-quality evidence.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87985383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the digital era today, there are various new technologies could be applied to improve our collaboration and achieve a satisfied treatment outcome. While taking advantage of CAD/CAM technology, the traditional workflow can be simplified, altered, or reversed. Interdisciplinary treatment in the digital era is full of imagination and creativity!
{"title":"Interdisciplinary treatment in the digital era","authors":"K. W. Chang","doi":"10.25259/apos_126_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_126_2022","url":null,"abstract":"In the digital era today, there are various new technologies could be applied to improve our collaboration and achieve a satisfied treatment outcome. While taking advantage of CAD/CAM technology, the traditional workflow can be simplified, altered, or reversed. Interdisciplinary treatment in the digital era is full of imagination and creativity!","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74332978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital orthodontics and the future of our specialization","authors":"F. Ciuffolo","doi":"10.25259/apos_92_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_92_2022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88268747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeyaram Palanivel, D. Srinivasan, N. C. S. Chakravathy
The friction that appears during sliding mechanics poses a clinical challenge to the orthodontist. The primary focus of an ideal tooth movement is to reduce the friction created at the archwire-bracket interface. Various variables (both biological and mechanical) affect the role of friction during orthodontic tooth movement. One among the variables which play a critical role is the archwire used in fixed mechanotherapy. Nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires are widely used in clinical conditions due to their properties such as low force delivery and wider elastic working range. Innovations in the field of material science have led to the evolution of nickel titanium archwires with coating and surface modification to enhance the esthetics and decrease friction. Esthetics is of major concern in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. As the esthetic demand keeps rising, the need for developing an esthetically acceptable material is required and it should not compromise on the clinical performance. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the frictional resistance and optical properties of ALUMINIUM oxide and zinc oxide-coated Ni-Ti archwires. The archwires were divided into three groups (n = 10), respectively: Group 1 – control group of uncoated NiTi archwires, GROUP 2 – zinc oxide coated NiTi archwires, and Group 3 – ALUMINIUM oxide coated NiTi archwires. The frictional resistance test was done using a universal testing machine, Instron, and optical properties were assessed using a colorimeter. The analysis of variance was used to determine whether a significant difference existed between the groups and a further post hoc Tukey test was used to determine the significant difference in the mean (P < 0.05). The two coated archwire groups – zinc oxide and ALUMINIUM oxide archwires showed a significant decrease in frictional resistance. Of the three groups, zinc oxide showed the least frictional resistance compared to the ALUMINIUM oxide-coated group and the uncoated group. Optical properties were calculated using the formula ΔE*ab for the three groups. Of which zinc oxide coated archwires were closest to VA1 indicating that it matches the shade of the natural tooth while the other two groups did not match the tooth color implying that it is not much esthetic as that of zinc oxide coated archwires. The zinc oxide-coated archwire resembles tooth color as well as has less frictional resistance compared to the other archwires.
{"title":"Comparison of the frictional resistance and optical properties of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide coated nickel titanium archwires – An in vitro study","authors":"Jeyaram Palanivel, D. Srinivasan, N. C. S. Chakravathy","doi":"10.25259/apos_24_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_24_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The friction that appears during sliding mechanics poses a clinical challenge to the orthodontist. The primary focus of an ideal tooth movement is to reduce the friction created at the archwire-bracket interface. Various variables (both biological and mechanical) affect the role of friction during orthodontic tooth movement. One among the variables which play a critical role is the archwire used in fixed mechanotherapy. Nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires are widely used in clinical conditions due to their properties such as low force delivery and wider elastic working range. Innovations in the field of material science have led to the evolution of nickel titanium archwires with coating and surface modification to enhance the esthetics and decrease friction. Esthetics is of major concern in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. As the esthetic demand keeps rising, the need for developing an esthetically acceptable material is required and it should not compromise on the clinical performance. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the frictional resistance and optical properties of ALUMINIUM oxide and zinc oxide-coated Ni-Ti archwires.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The archwires were divided into three groups (n = 10), respectively: Group 1 – control group of uncoated NiTi archwires, GROUP 2 – zinc oxide coated NiTi archwires, and Group 3 – ALUMINIUM oxide coated NiTi archwires. The frictional resistance test was done using a universal testing machine, Instron, and optical properties were assessed using a colorimeter. The analysis of variance was used to determine whether a significant difference existed between the groups and a further post hoc Tukey test was used to determine the significant difference in the mean (P < 0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The two coated archwire groups – zinc oxide and ALUMINIUM oxide archwires showed a significant decrease in frictional resistance. Of the three groups, zinc oxide showed the least frictional resistance compared to the ALUMINIUM oxide-coated group and the uncoated group. Optical properties were calculated using the formula ΔE*ab for the three groups. Of which zinc oxide coated archwires were closest to VA1 indicating that it matches the shade of the natural tooth while the other two groups did not match the tooth color implying that it is not much esthetic as that of zinc oxide coated archwires.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The zinc oxide-coated archwire resembles tooth color as well as has less frictional resistance compared to the other archwires.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89596073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Noorollahian, Marzie Kachuie, Zahra Hatamzade, Majid Moghadam, T. Narimani
Anchorage preservation is crucial in orthodontic treatment success. Mini-implants make a revolution in this domain. The failure of orthodontic mini-implants due to inflammation and infection is one of the reasons for anchorage loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel mini-implant surface modification to improve resistance against microbial contamination and surrounding tissue inflammation. Twenty-four orthodontic mini-implants (Jeil Medical Corporation, Korea) with 1.6 mm diameter and 8 mm length were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1: Control group, Group 2: Nanotubes were made on the surface with anodisation, and Group 3: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) doped into nanotubes, and then doxycycline is added to them. The anti-bacterial efficacy against Porphyromonas gingivalis was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. To analyze data, Kruskal–Wallis, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests were done. The significance level was set at 0.05. No zone of the inhibition was formed in Groups 1 and 2. In Group 3, the mean (SD) diameter of the inhibition zone in the first 5-day to sixth 5-day were 38.7(8.2), 25(4.8), 17.8(5.6), 7.63(5.37), 1.5(2.83), and 0 millimeters, respectively. Nanotubes containing doped ZnO and Doxycycline are capable of preventing bacterial growth around the mini implant surfaces for at least up to 30 days. To manage inflammation of surrounding tissues of mini-implants, nanotubes are not effective alone. Therefore, the presence of diffusible materials in addition to nanotubes on the surface of mini-implants is necessary.
固支体的保存是正畸治疗成功的关键。微型植入物在这个领域掀起了一场革命。正畸微型种植体因炎症和感染而失败是导致支抗丢失的原因之一。本研究的目的是评估一种新型微型种植体表面修饰的效果，以提高对微生物污染和周围组织炎症的抵抗力。将直径1.6 mm、长度8 mm的24颗正畸微型种植体(Jeil Medical Corporation, Korea)随机分为3组:第1组:对照组;第2组:表面阳极氧化制备纳米管;第3组:纳米管中掺杂氧化锌(ZnO)，然后加入强力霉素。采用纸片扩散法评价其对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抗菌效果。为了分析数据，进行了Kruskal-Wallis、Friedman和Wilcoxon测试。显著性水平设为0.05。1、2组未形成抑制区。第3组前5天至第6天的平均抑制区直径(SD)分别为38.7(8.2)、25(4.8)、17.8(5.6)、7.63(5.37)、1.5(2.83)和0 mm。含有掺杂氧化锌和强力霉素的纳米管能够阻止细菌在微型植入物表面生长至少30天。为了控制微型植入物周围组织的炎症，纳米管不是单独有效的。因此，除了纳米管外，微型植入物表面的扩散材料是必要的。
{"title":"The antimicrobial effect of doxycycline and doped ZnO in TiO2 nanotubes synthesized on the surface of orthodontic mini-implants","authors":"Saeed Noorollahian, Marzie Kachuie, Zahra Hatamzade, Majid Moghadam, T. Narimani","doi":"10.25259/apos_14_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_14_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Anchorage preservation is crucial in orthodontic treatment success. Mini-implants make a revolution in this domain. The failure of orthodontic mini-implants due to inflammation and infection is one of the reasons for anchorage loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel mini-implant surface modification to improve resistance against microbial contamination and surrounding tissue inflammation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty-four orthodontic mini-implants (Jeil Medical Corporation, Korea) with 1.6 mm diameter and 8 mm length were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1: Control group, Group 2: Nanotubes were made on the surface with anodisation, and Group 3: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) doped into nanotubes, and then doxycycline is added to them. The anti-bacterial efficacy against Porphyromonas gingivalis was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. To analyze data, Kruskal–Wallis, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests were done. The significance level was set at 0.05.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000No zone of the inhibition was formed in Groups 1 and 2. In Group 3, the mean (SD) diameter of the inhibition zone in the first 5-day to sixth 5-day were 38.7(8.2), 25(4.8), 17.8(5.6), 7.63(5.37), 1.5(2.83), and 0 millimeters, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Nanotubes containing doped ZnO and Doxycycline are capable of preventing bacterial growth around the mini implant surfaces for at least up to 30 days. To manage inflammation of surrounding tissues of mini-implants, nanotubes are not effective alone. Therefore, the presence of diffusible materials in addition to nanotubes on the surface of mini-implants is necessary.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91327009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepika Katyal, A. George, R. Jain, A. Balasubramaniam, M. Srirengalakshmi, Nikhilesh R Vaid
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to report on the effects of using platelet-rich derivatives on the rate of tooth movement. Both electronic and manual searches were performed with specific eligibility criteria based on population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design. Risk of bias (RoB) assessment was done using the Cochrane RoB tool 2, the data were pooled and analyzed using review manager 4.5, and certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection, data extraction, and analysis. Nine studies were included for qualitative analysis and two of them were subjected to meta-analysis. The standard mean difference for the rate of canine distal movement with platelet-rich derivatives was not significantly higher than controls at any of the time intervals (P > 0.0001). Rotation of canines, molar mesialization, and pain scores were not affected by the administration of platelet-rich derivatives for accelerating tooth movement. A moderate to high RoB was noted in the included studies and the certainty of the available evidence as assessed by the GRADE approach was moderate. The included studies presented with high heterogeneity and more high-quality studies with strict protocols are needed. Even though individual studies report significant acceleration of tooth movement following administration of PR derivatives, moderate certainty of evidence suggests no acceleratory effect on tooth movement.
{"title":"Platelet-rich derivatives for accelerating the rate of orthodontic tooth movement - a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Deepika Katyal, A. George, R. Jain, A. Balasubramaniam, M. Srirengalakshmi, Nikhilesh R Vaid","doi":"10.25259/apos_6_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/apos_6_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to report on the effects of using platelet-rich derivatives on the rate of tooth movement.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Both electronic and manual searches were performed with specific eligibility criteria based on population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design. Risk of bias (RoB) assessment was done using the Cochrane RoB tool 2, the data were pooled and analyzed using review manager 4.5, and certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection, data extraction, and analysis. Nine studies were included for qualitative analysis and two of them were subjected to meta-analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The standard mean difference for the rate of canine distal movement with platelet-rich derivatives was not significantly higher than controls at any of the time intervals (P > 0.0001). Rotation of canines, molar mesialization, and pain scores were not affected by the administration of platelet-rich derivatives for accelerating tooth movement. A moderate to high RoB was noted in the included studies and the certainty of the available evidence as assessed by the GRADE approach was moderate.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The included studies presented with high heterogeneity and more high-quality studies with strict protocols are needed. Even though individual studies report significant acceleration of tooth movement following administration of PR derivatives, moderate certainty of evidence suggests no acceleratory effect on tooth movement.\u0000","PeriodicalId":42593,"journal":{"name":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics","volume":"506 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76396742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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