In real estate, mass appraisal is a very important subject in the valuation of two and more properties. It can be of benefit in a number of fields including taxation, banking transactions, expropriation, etc. The base problem is which criteria to use for mass appraisal. Because the number of criteria and the criteria themselves vary according to people, regions and countries, they are uncertain. They should be optimum in order to save on time, labour and cost. The aim of this study is to reduce the criteria by determining which ones affect the plot value. A survey which was answered by a total of 2,531 participants was conducted in Turkey. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), one of the criteria analysis methods, was applied to the survey data. The number of criteria was reduced to 14 with separation and to 30 according to the results of PCA. But they decreased in the model verification when criteria data for 558 samples were collected in the Konya study area. An index of the neighbourhood and locational features of these criteria was created by using GIS. Three models were established using Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and the performance of the models was examined. The prediction values and the market value were integrated into the GIS to compare the spatial distributions of plot values.
{"title":"REDUCTION OF MASS APPRAISAL CRITERIA WITH PCA AND INTEGRATION TO GIS","authors":"Fatma Bünyan Ünel, S. Yalpir","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.458430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.458430","url":null,"abstract":"In real estate, mass appraisal is a very important subject in the valuation of two and more properties. It can be of benefit in a number of fields including taxation, banking transactions, expropriation, etc. The base problem is which criteria to use for mass appraisal. Because the number of criteria and the criteria themselves vary according to people, regions and countries, they are uncertain. They should be optimum in order to save on time, labour and cost. The aim of this study is to reduce the criteria by determining which ones affect the plot value. A survey which was answered by a total of 2,531 participants was conducted in Turkey. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), one of the criteria analysis methods, was applied to the survey data. The number of criteria was reduced to 14 with separation and to 30 according to the results of PCA. But they decreased in the model verification when criteria data for 558 samples were collected in the Konya study area. An index of the neighbourhood and locational features of these criteria was created by using GIS. Three models were established using Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and the performance of the models was examined. The prediction values and the market value were integrated into the GIS to compare the spatial distributions of plot values.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42437967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Behnam Khorrami, O. Gunduz, N. Patel, Souad Ghouzlane, M. Najjar
Land cover/use changes specially the forest cover changes affect the local surface temperature (LST) of the earth. In this study, a combination of remote sensing and GIS techniques was used to scrutinize the interactions between LST anomalies and deforestation in Sardasht County, NW Iran. The land cover/use change layers of the study area were extracted from Landsat satellite imagery based on Binary Encoding classification and change detection technique. The radiometric correction analysis were done for each Landsat image to derive LST map layers. According to the results, a descending trend in forest cover with a total 2560 ha decline in area and an ascending trend of about 4 degrees rise in surface temperature values on both forest and non-forest areas were detected in the study area from 1984 to 2017. The temporal and spatial analysis yielded high rates of reverse temporal correlation (-0.81) between forest areas and LST anomalies while the correlation value of 0.76 was found for non-forest areas and LST. The regression analysis of the values confirmed the correlation values to be trustable at 99 percent. It was also found that the deforested areas of the study area correlates with the LST rise spatially with a very high correlation measure (0.98) with which a tangible interaction of the parameters can be inferred.
{"title":"LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES IN RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN FOREST COVER","authors":"Behnam Khorrami, O. Gunduz, N. Patel, Souad Ghouzlane, M. Najjar","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.549944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.549944","url":null,"abstract":"Land cover/use changes specially the forest cover changes affect the local surface temperature (LST) of the earth. In this study, a combination of remote sensing and GIS techniques was used to scrutinize the interactions between LST anomalies and deforestation in Sardasht County, NW Iran. The land cover/use change layers of the study area were extracted from Landsat satellite imagery based on Binary Encoding classification and change detection technique. The radiometric correction analysis were done for each Landsat image to derive LST map layers. According to the results, a descending trend in forest cover with a total 2560 ha decline in area and an ascending trend of about 4 degrees rise in surface temperature values on both forest and non-forest areas were detected in the study area from 1984 to 2017. The temporal and spatial analysis yielded high rates of reverse temporal correlation (-0.81) between forest areas and LST anomalies while the correlation value of 0.76 was found for non-forest areas and LST. The regression analysis of the values confirmed the correlation values to be trustable at 99 percent. It was also found that the deforested areas of the study area correlates with the LST rise spatially with a very high correlation measure (0.98) with which a tangible interaction of the parameters can be inferred.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69143256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
User-centred maps are designed to provide users with the geospatial information they need primarily by their interests and thus more powerful support for their geospatial decision-making. In many cases, creating this kind of maps involves designing maps at multiple modes. Tourism is one of the areas that various kinds of maps both analogue and digital are used widely. Well-designed tourist maps can contribute to increasing the attractiveness of a region and the satisfaction of visitors. In this context, although some applications are available on user-centred multimodal tourist maps for web and mobile environments, there is no comprehensive study dealing with paper maps. Therefore, this article focuses on the design and production as well as evaluation of user-centred multimodal tourist maps for the analogue environment in the case of Kyrenia (Girne) district of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The study consists of three main stages. In the first phase, a tourist geospatial database was established for the district of Kyrenia. In the second phase, user-centred multimodal tourist maps were designed and produced for three types of tourism, considering the prominent characteristics of the district in this respect. In the third phase, user evaluations were made. For this purpose, newly designed maps (as a group) and an existing tourist map were evaluated individually and comparatively by potential users of different gender, age and education characteristics by face to face survey method. Survey results showed that the user-centred multimodal maps are more preferable than the general tourist map.
{"title":"USER-CENTRED DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF MULTIMODAL TOURIST MAPS","authors":"Emre Mülazimoğlu, M. Basaraner","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.535630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.535630","url":null,"abstract":"User-centred maps are designed to provide users with the geospatial information they need primarily by their interests and thus more powerful support for their geospatial decision-making. In many cases, creating this kind of maps involves designing maps at multiple modes. Tourism is one of the areas that various kinds of maps both analogue and digital are used widely. Well-designed tourist maps can contribute to increasing the attractiveness of a region and the satisfaction of visitors. In this context, although some applications are available on user-centred multimodal tourist maps for web and mobile environments, there is no comprehensive study dealing with paper maps. Therefore, this article focuses on the design and production as well as evaluation of user-centred multimodal tourist maps for the analogue environment in the case of Kyrenia (Girne) district of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The study consists of three main stages. In the first phase, a tourist geospatial database was established for the district of Kyrenia. In the second phase, user-centred multimodal tourist maps were designed and produced for three types of tourism, considering the prominent characteristics of the district in this respect. In the third phase, user evaluations were made. For this purpose, newly designed maps (as a group) and an existing tourist map were evaluated individually and comparatively by potential users of different gender, age and education characteristics by face to face survey method. Survey results showed that the user-centred multimodal maps are more preferable than the general tourist map.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46417723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Istanbul, being one of the oldest and crowded cities in the world bridging the Asia and Europe continents, is ranked as the 15 th populated mega city among the 75 largest metropolitans in the world as a result of the rapid population growth since the year of 1950. The stated growth caused a significant need for housing, therefore new settlements have been built in and around the city threating water resources, protected areas, and sensitive lands such as agricultural areas, forests, wetlands in the city. As a result of these adverse developments, the Bosphorus zone, which has a historical and geographical importance for Istanbul, was declared as a protected zone for stopping the threat of unplanned urbanization along the Bosphorus. The Bosphorus area were divided in to two protection zones as Back View and Front View Zones by the laws in terms of the stated protection plan. The main goal of this study is to examine the changes in settlement areas in the protected zones of Bosphorus specifically in Sariyer District. In this context, Landsat imageries dated 2005 and 2017 were used to determine the urban sprawl during 12 years in the protection zone of Bosphorus. The results of the study introduced 10% decrease in the forest and green lands from 2005 to 2017 while 8% and 11% increase in settlements and the other land use classes respectively. In order to perform more detailed analyses of this change, a detailed study was performed for Front and Back View Zones of Bosphorus in Sariyer district using 2005 and 2017 dated IKONOS satellite images. The map of Sariyer district produced in 1960 was considered as the reference data source as well as image for detecting the changes in the study area during 57 years in two periods. The results of the study outlined that the settlements in the study area increased 173% and 142% for two periods from 1960 to 2005 and from 2005 to 2017 respectively. The increase in settlement areas caused a decrease in forests and green lands in the study area. In particular, the study introduced the illegal settlement area increase in the protection zones of the Bosphorus based on the Bosphorus Law No. 2960 in Sariyer District.
{"title":"ANALYZING THE URBANIZATION IN THE PROTECTION AREA OF THE BOSPHORUS","authors":"C. Goksel, A. Dogru","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.446912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.446912","url":null,"abstract":"Istanbul, being one of the oldest and crowded cities in the world bridging the Asia and Europe continents, is ranked as the 15 th populated mega city among the 75 largest metropolitans in the world as a result of the rapid population growth since the year of 1950. The stated growth caused a significant need for housing, therefore new settlements have been built in and around the city threating water resources, protected areas, and sensitive lands such as agricultural areas, forests, wetlands in the city. As a result of these adverse developments, the Bosphorus zone, which has a historical and geographical importance for Istanbul, was declared as a protected zone for stopping the threat of unplanned urbanization along the Bosphorus. The Bosphorus area were divided in to two protection zones as Back View and Front View Zones by the laws in terms of the stated protection plan. The main goal of this study is to examine the changes in settlement areas in the protected zones of Bosphorus specifically in Sariyer District. In this context, Landsat imageries dated 2005 and 2017 were used to determine the urban sprawl during 12 years in the protection zone of Bosphorus. The results of the study introduced 10% decrease in the forest and green lands from 2005 to 2017 while 8% and 11% increase in settlements and the other land use classes respectively. In order to perform more detailed analyses of this change, a detailed study was performed for Front and Back View Zones of Bosphorus in Sariyer district using 2005 and 2017 dated IKONOS satellite images. The map of Sariyer district produced in 1960 was considered as the reference data source as well as image for detecting the changes in the study area during 57 years in two periods. The results of the study outlined that the settlements in the study area increased 173% and 142% for two periods from 1960 to 2005 and from 2005 to 2017 respectively. The increase in settlement areas caused a decrease in forests and green lands in the study area. In particular, the study introduced the illegal settlement area increase in the protection zones of the Bosphorus based on the Bosphorus Law No. 2960 in Sariyer District.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43532272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are temporary or permanent physical changes depending on time in earth surface. These physical changes named as deformation. The magnitude and direction of the deformation effect must be measured and controlled. The geodetic deformation network is established to determine the deformation movements and the deformation measurements are made. Then, the point coordinates are calculated used the free network adjustment. So, the different point coordinates were obtained according to measured time. The difference of point coordinate must be test to decide as significant or insignificant. Thus, the significance test based hypothesis test can be made. In this study, deformation network was established in Toybelen village of Samsun province and the deformation measurements were made periodically. The deformation network was consist of 14 points. This deformation network measured in two periods used the global positioning system. Evaluation was made using the Topcon program and point coordinates were obtained. Differences in point coordinates received and these differences were significant tested. The program written in the matlab program was used for this test. Finally, coordinate values compared in two periods and movement points have been identified.
{"title":"THE DEFORMATION ANALYSIS USING HYPOTHESIS TESTS","authors":"Ulku Kirici Yildirim, Yasemin Şişman","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.473944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.473944","url":null,"abstract":"There are temporary or permanent physical changes depending on time in earth surface. These physical changes named as deformation. The magnitude and direction of the deformation effect must be measured and controlled. The geodetic deformation network is established to determine the deformation movements and the deformation measurements are made. Then, the point coordinates are calculated used the free network adjustment. So, the different point coordinates were obtained according to measured time. The difference of point coordinate must be test to decide as significant or insignificant. Thus, the significance test based hypothesis test can be made. In this study, deformation network was established in Toybelen village of Samsun province and the deformation measurements were made periodically. The deformation network was consist of 14 points. This deformation network measured in two periods used the global positioning system. Evaluation was made using the Topcon program and point coordinates were obtained. Differences in point coordinates received and these differences were significant tested. The program written in the matlab program was used for this test. Finally, coordinate values compared in two periods and movement points have been identified.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48627640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid urbanization is a leading process for the global environmental problems such as climate change, massive loss of natural habitats, an increase of air, water, soil quality and social troubles. Within the scope of elimination of these effects, detecting, preserving and managing a strategically planned ecological network can provide ecological, economic, social and cultural benefits. Specially, connectivity of landscape patches in urban areas is an important factor for urban ecosystem cycle. Ecological studies under these circumstances are concentrated in urban areas and strategies are being developed to create green systems by establishing links between green areas. In this study, a method based on the graph theory has been proposed to create ecological links between important landscape patches in the Chennai City and the effects of the created system on the city has been discussed. Firstly, a comprehensive database is created for Chennai in the GIS. And then, important urban landscape patches and connectivity are detected with use of Conefor software that enhances the quality of landscape patches and ensures that landscape connectivity is sustainable. With this scope, we used integral index of connectivity (IIC) index and the probability of connectivity (PC) index that have been known to show an enhanced performance for urban habitat conservation planning and change monitoring applications. Ultimately, the resulting findings are mapped in the GIS environment, and the ecological, social and cultural impacts of the system are discussed based on international literature.
{"title":"DETECTION OF ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS AND CONNECTIVITY WITH ANALYZING THEIR EFFECTS ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT","authors":"S. Selim, N. Demir","doi":"10.26833/ijeg.443114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.443114","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid urbanization is a leading process for the global environmental problems such as climate change, massive loss of natural habitats, an increase of air, water, soil quality and social troubles. Within the scope of elimination of these effects, detecting, preserving and managing a strategically planned ecological network can provide ecological, economic, social and cultural benefits. Specially, connectivity of landscape patches in urban areas is an important factor for urban ecosystem cycle. Ecological studies under these circumstances are concentrated in urban areas and strategies are being developed to create green systems by establishing links between green areas. In this study, a method based on the graph theory has been proposed to create ecological links between important landscape patches in the Chennai City and the effects of the created system on the city has been discussed. Firstly, a comprehensive database is created for Chennai in the GIS. And then, important urban landscape patches and connectivity are detected with use of Conefor software that enhances the quality of landscape patches and ensures that landscape connectivity is sustainable. With this scope, we used integral index of connectivity (IIC) index and the probability of connectivity (PC) index that have been known to show an enhanced performance for urban habitat conservation planning and change monitoring applications. Ultimately, the resulting findings are mapped in the GIS environment, and the ecological, social and cultural impacts of the system are discussed based on international literature.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44086998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, a new interest in the social science community in location and a new "spatial social science" that crosses the traditional boundaries between disciplines have emerged. In this context, we will examine the usage of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the analysis of human resource management in the public sector. For this research, personnel and operational data of 957 Land Registry Offices in all districts of Turkey were used. These operational data were examined using different clustering techniques. By using tools of Geographic Information Systems to analyze public services, the distribution and condition of services can be understood much better. This study shows the first step to improve them and to allow for making better-informed decisions on where, when and what kind of resources to allocate in the human resource management in the public sector.
{"title":"HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS): AN EXAMPLE FROM TURKISH LAND REGISTRY DIRECTORATES","authors":"F. Ernst, S. Erdogan, Y. Bayram","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.450571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.450571","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a new interest in the social science community in location and a new \"spatial social science\" that crosses the traditional boundaries between disciplines have emerged. In this context, we will examine the usage of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the analysis of human resource management in the public sector. For this research, personnel and operational data of 957 Land Registry Offices in all districts of Turkey were used. These operational data were examined using different clustering techniques. By using tools of Geographic Information Systems to analyze public services, the distribution and condition of services can be understood much better. This study shows the first step to improve them and to allow for making better-informed decisions on where, when and what kind of resources to allocate in the human resource management in the public sector.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49181514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coordinate transformation from one datum to another is the basic problem in geodesy. Generally, the problem may be expressed by converting coordinates in a cartesian coordinate system with defined origin provided by intersection of two axes into another system using mathematical equations. To compute the transformation parameters, sufficient number of coordinates of the common points should be known in two systems. The problem involves either 2D or 3D coordinate systems. Traditionally the commonly used model for coordinate transformation is the Least Squares (LS) method refers as to Helmert Transformation. This study aims to compare the performance of the spatial distribution and quantity of the common points in LS method for coordinate transformation problems. For this purpose, a geodetic network with 25 station points, whose coordinates are commonly known in two datum are used to compute the performance of the transformation parameters under the different scenarios. To compare the cases, the sum of the absolute coordinate differences provided by subtracting the original coordinates of test points from estimated coordinates by using transformation parameters. The results showed that increasing control points one by one to estimate the transformation parameters improve the results of the estimation and reliable transformation parameters have been estimated when a homogeneously distributed 8 points are taken as common points for about 1500 km 2 .
从一个基准到另一个基准的坐标变换是大地测量学中的基本问题。一般来说，这个问题可以通过用数学方程将直角坐标系中的坐标转换成另一个坐标系来表示，直角坐标系的原点由两个轴的交点提供。为了计算变换参数，需要知道两个系统中足够数量的公共点坐标。这个问题涉及2D或3D坐标系统。传统上常用的坐标变换模型是最小二乘(LS)方法，即Helmert变换。本研究旨在比较LS方法在坐标变换问题中公共点的空间分布和数量的表现。为此，我们使用一个包含25个站点的大地测量网，这些站点的坐标通常在两个基准面中已知，来计算不同场景下变换参数的性能。为了比较两种情况，使用变换参数从估计坐标中减去测试点的原始坐标所得到的绝对坐标差的和。结果表明，在以均匀分布的8个测点为公共测点的1500 km 2范围内，逐次增加测点来估计变换参数，可以提高变换参数的估计效果，得到可靠的变换参数。
{"title":"INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTS OF NUMBER OF COMMON POINTS IN 2D TRANSFORMATION PROBLEM","authors":"T. Öcalan","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.446962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.446962","url":null,"abstract":"Coordinate transformation from one datum to another is the basic problem in geodesy. Generally, the problem may be expressed by converting coordinates in a cartesian coordinate system with defined origin provided by intersection of two axes into another system using mathematical equations. To compute the transformation parameters, sufficient number of coordinates of the common points should be known in two systems. The problem involves either 2D or 3D coordinate systems. Traditionally the commonly used model for coordinate transformation is the Least Squares (LS) method refers as to Helmert Transformation. This study aims to compare the performance of the spatial distribution and quantity of the common points in LS method for coordinate transformation problems. For this purpose, a geodetic network with 25 station points, whose coordinates are commonly known in two datum are used to compute the performance of the transformation parameters under the different scenarios. To compare the cases, the sum of the absolute coordinate differences provided by subtracting the original coordinates of test points from estimated coordinates by using transformation parameters. The results showed that increasing control points one by one to estimate the transformation parameters improve the results of the estimation and reliable transformation parameters have been estimated when a homogeneously distributed 8 points are taken as common points for about 1500 km 2 .","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43972380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is very important to map the burned forest areas economically, quickly and with the high accuracy of issues such as damage assessment studies, fire risk analysis, and management of forest regeneration processes. Mapping burned areas with a fast and easy-to-use method and high accuracy will be a very useful tool for local forest management units. In this study, we developed the new approach, for mapping burned areas. In this regard we use the segmentation process to the image, then apply the random forest algorithm for obtaining the map of the burned areas. For this purpose, we use the Landsat 8 image of the Adrasan and Kumluca fires which occurred in 24 – 27 June 2016. The study consisted of four steps. After the multi-resolution image segmentation was performed on obtained image objects from Landsat 8 spectral bands, the image object metrics such as spectral index and layer values were calculated for all image objects. In the third step, a random forest classifier model was developed. Then, the developed model applied to the test site for classification of the burned area. The obtained results evaluated with confusion matrix based on the randomly sampled points. According to the results, we obtained 0.089 commission error (CE) with 0.014 omission error (OE). An overall accuracy was obtained as 0.99. The results show that this approach is very useful to be used to determine burned forest areas.
{"title":"OBJECT BASED BURNED AREA MAPPING WITH RANDOM FOREST ALGORITHM","authors":"Resul Çömert, Dilek Küçük Matcı, U. Avdan","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.455595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.455595","url":null,"abstract":"It is very important to map the burned forest areas economically, quickly and with the high accuracy of issues such as damage assessment studies, fire risk analysis, and management of forest regeneration processes. Mapping burned areas with a fast and easy-to-use method and high accuracy will be a very useful tool for local forest management units. In this study, we developed the new approach, for mapping burned areas. In this regard we use the segmentation process to the image, then apply the random forest algorithm for obtaining the map of the burned areas. For this purpose, we use the Landsat 8 image of the Adrasan and Kumluca fires which occurred in 24 – 27 June 2016. The study consisted of four steps. After the multi-resolution image segmentation was performed on obtained image objects from Landsat 8 spectral bands, the image object metrics such as spectral index and layer values were calculated for all image objects. In the third step, a random forest classifier model was developed. Then, the developed model applied to the test site for classification of the burned area. The obtained results evaluated with confusion matrix based on the randomly sampled points. According to the results, we obtained 0.089 commission error (CE) with 0.014 omission error (OE). An overall accuracy was obtained as 0.99. The results show that this approach is very useful to be used to determine burned forest areas.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land consolidation (LC) is a tool to improve the processing efficiency of agricultural area and the promotion of rural development same time an indispensable application for the promotion of sustainable agriculture. In order to achieve the reallocation process after LC, determining the correct of soil index (SI) for each of the agricultural parcels is very important for the success of LC projects. Nowadays, interpolation methods are extensively applied in the mapping processes to estimate the SI at unsampled sites. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of three interpolation methods for the agricultural SI values maps with GIS technology for LC projects. The SI data were determined from 132 observation points. Three spatial interpolation methods Ordinary Kriging (OK), Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), and Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) were utilized for modeling the agricultural SI values. The results indicated that all methods provided a high prediction accuracy of the mean concentration of SI.In this study, although the best performed interpolation method was the OK, the results showed that the performance differed slightly among three methods. Results show that all the methods present a good performance in the estimation with RMSE (root mean square error) and ME (mean error) close to 0%.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT INTERPOLATION TECHNIQUES IN DETERMINING OF AGRICULTURAL SOIL INDEX ON LAND CONSOLIDATION PROJECTS","authors":"Mevlut Uyan","doi":"10.26833/IJEG.422570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26833/IJEG.422570","url":null,"abstract":"Land consolidation (LC) is a tool to improve the processing efficiency of agricultural area and the promotion of rural development same time an indispensable application for the promotion of sustainable agriculture. In order to achieve the reallocation process after LC, determining the correct of soil index (SI) for each of the agricultural parcels is very important for the success of LC projects. Nowadays, interpolation methods are extensively applied in the mapping processes to estimate the SI at unsampled sites. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of three interpolation methods for the agricultural SI values maps with GIS technology for LC projects. The SI data were determined from 132 observation points. Three spatial interpolation methods Ordinary Kriging (OK), Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), and Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) were utilized for modeling the agricultural SI values. The results indicated that all methods provided a high prediction accuracy of the mean concentration of SI.In this study, although the best performed interpolation method was the OK, the results showed that the performance differed slightly among three methods. Results show that all the methods present a good performance in the estimation with RMSE (root mean square error) and ME (mean error) close to 0%.","PeriodicalId":42633,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46317899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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