Dead Sea Discoveries最新文献

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The Earliest Commentary on the Prophecy of Habakkuk, by Timothy H. Lim 林对哈巴谷预言的最早评论

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-02802002

G. Brooke

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of a stress response measure: the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS). 压力反应量表：每日压力反应量表（DSRS）的开发与验证。

IF 2 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-06-14 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2022.116812

Agata Debowska, Beata Horeczy, Daniel Boduszek, Dariusz Dolinski, Claudia C von Bastian

Background: To date, there is a lack of measures for capturing a broad spectrum of psychophysiological stress reactions that can be administered on a daily basis and in different contexts. A need for such a measure is especially salient in settings where stress processes can unfold momentarily and substantially fluctuate daily. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to develop and validate the Daily Stress Response Scale (DSRS), an instrument capturing a broad spectrum of psychophysiological stress reactions that can be administered in real time and in different contexts.

Participants and procedure: The study was conducted in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Participants were 7228 (81% female) Polish university students. The data were collected anonymously through self-completion questionnaires. The DSRS was subject to confirmatory factor analyses (CFA).

Results: The DSRS is a 30-item, easy-to-use stress response measure with excellent psychometric properties. Based on CFA results, the scale consists of two subscales, psychological and physiological stress response, which form associations with related external criteria.

Conclusions: The DSRS is a reliable and valid measure of psychological and physiological stress reactions that can be used to assess the stress response to daily stressors, including those of an acute nature, such as a crisis, trauma, or surgery.

背景：迄今为止，还没有一种测量方法可以捕捉到广泛的心理生理应激反应，而且可以在不同的环境中每天进行测量。在压力过程可能瞬间发生且每天大幅波动的情况下，对这种测量方法的需求尤为突出。因此，本研究的主要目的是开发和验证日常压力反应量表（DSRS），这是一种可以在不同环境下实时测量的工具，可以捕捉广泛的心理生理压力反应：研究在欧洲 COVID-19 大流行的早期阶段进行。参与者为 7228 名波兰大学生（81% 为女性）。数据通过自填问卷匿名收集。对 DSRS 进行了确证因子分析（CFA）：结果：DSRS 是一个包含 30 个项目、易于使用的压力反应量表，具有良好的心理测量特性。根据 CFA 结果，该量表由心理和生理压力反应两个分量表组成，这两个分量表与相关的外部标准形成关联：DSRS是一种可靠有效的心理和生理应激反应测量方法，可用于评估日常应激反应，包括危机、创伤或手术等急性应激反应。

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引用次数: 0

Born of Woman, Fashioned from Clay 由女人所生，由粘土制成

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-bja10011

Nicholas A. Meyer

This essay traces the features of a symbolic construct which seldom garners much attention among scholars of biblical and Second Temple texts, including the Dead Sea Scrolls, namely, the likening of earth and womb. It contends that understanding this symbolism brings clarity to several texts whose interpretation is disputed and illuminates important aspects of sectarian thought, including a perspective on human sexuality which has escaped some current scholarship. The representation of the sexed body in the Thanksgiving Psalms (or “Hodayot”) receives extended attention. These psalms, it is shown, have been influenced by the negative rhetorical application of the phrase “born of woman” as found in the book of Job and by a tradition reflected in Jubilees and 4Q265 which employs the creation of Adam and Eve as a paradigm for the purification of new mothers (as described in Lev 12). The argument will show how a homology of earth and womb lies behind or can be derived from each of these traditions and how it comes to shape a profoundly negative, if highly contextualized, view of sexuality in the Psalms of Thanksgiving.

本文追溯了一种象征性结构的特征，这种结构在圣经和第二圣殿文本（包括死海古卷）的学者中很少引起关注，即地球和子宫的比喻。它认为，理解这种象征意义可以使一些文本变得清晰，这些文本的解释存在争议，并阐明了宗派思想的重要方面，包括对人类性行为的看法，而这一观点目前还没有得到一些学术研究。在《感恩节诗篇》（或“Hodayot”）中，性身体的表现受到了广泛的关注。事实表明，这些诗篇受到了《Job》中“女人所生”这一短语的负面修辞应用的影响，也受到了《Jubilees》和《4Q265》中反映的传统的影响，该传统将亚当和夏娃的创造作为净化新妈妈的典范（如Lev 12所述）。这场争论将展示地球和子宫的同源性是如何隐藏在每一种传统背后或可以从中衍生出来的，以及它是如何在《感恩节诗篇》中形成一种极其负面的性观的，如果高度语境化的话。

引用次数: 1

Some Proposed Connections between the Visions of Amram and the Four Kingdoms in View of the Aramaic Literature from Qumran 从库姆兰的亚拉姆文学看阿姆兰与四国的关系

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-bja10003

D. Machiela

The Visions of Amram (4Q543–549) and Four Kingdoms (4Q552–553) are two Aramaic compositions from Qumran that have been recognized to contain apocalyptic dream-visions. In this article I propose some special connections between the dream-visions in these two works, centered on similar dialogues that take place between the seers in each text and characters seen in the dreams. These connections suggest that the Visions of Amram and Four Kingdoms emerged from a shared or closely related authorial setting. I also suggest that the connections discussed in this article are indicative of other literary affinities exhibited more generally among the Qumran Aramaic corpus, affinities that point toward a broader literary movement of which the Visions of Amram and Four Kingdoms were part.

《暗兰的异象》(4Q543-549)和《四个王国》(4Q552-553)是库姆兰的两篇阿拉姆语作品，被认为包含了启示录的梦的异象。在这篇文章中，我提出了这两部作品中梦的幻象之间的一些特殊联系，主要集中在每个文本中的预言者和梦中看到的人物之间发生的类似对话上。这些联系表明，暗兰的异象和四个王国出现在一个共同的或密切相关的作者环境中。我还认为，本文中讨论的联系表明，在库姆兰阿拉姆语料库中，更普遍地表现出其他文学上的亲缘关系，这种亲缘关系指向一个更广泛的文学运动，《暗拉姆异象》和《四大王国》都是其中的一部分。

引用次数: 1

The Intertextual Rhetoric of the Apostrophe to Zion (11QPsa XXII, 1–15) 锡安撇号的互文修辞(11QPsa XXII, 1-15)

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-BJA10008

Hyun Woo Kim

Considerable agreement has existed concerning the intertextual relations between the Apostrophe to Zion (Ap Zion) and Third Isaiah. But I propose to reread Ap Zion as a literary and theological response to the most famous lament over Zion, exemplified in the book of Lamentations. The common acrostic feature and leitmotif of Zion shared by Lamentations and Ap Zion clearly reflect the latter’s deliberate attention to the former. In this reconsideration, I argue that the much-acclaimed intertextuality between Ap Zion and Third Isaiah is the consequence of the pre-established Isaianic inner-biblical allusion (Second Isaiah) to Lamentations. To expand on this proposal, the paper will explore the multilayered intertextuality between Lam 2, Isa 49, and Ap Zion through classifying their lexical, thematic, structural, and theological associations.

相当多的协议已经存在关于对锡安的撇号(Ap锡安)和第三以赛亚之间的互文关系。但我建议重读《阿锡安》，作为对《哀歌》中最著名的锡安哀歌的文学和神学回应。《哀歌》和《阿锡安》所共有的离合诗特征和锡安主题明显反映了后者对前者的刻意关注。在这次重新思考中，我认为，备受赞誉的《以赛亚书》和《以赛亚书》之间的互文性，是预先建立的《以赛亚书》对《哀歌》的内在暗示(《以赛亚书》第二章)的结果。在此基础上，本文将通过对《林篇2》、《以赛亚书49》和《阿锡安书》的词汇、主题、结构和神学联系进行分类，探讨它们之间多层次的互文性。

引用次数: 0

The Assessment of Variation 变更评估

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-BJA10007

Hanneke van der Schoor

Paleographers differ in considering variation in scribal hands preserved in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Mostly formal manuscripts have been used as pegs both in establishing the date of a particular manuscript and in assessing whether different fragments could have been written by the same scribe. However, informal manuscripts are likely to display more variation in arrangement and formation of letter forms. This article proposes to differentiate between formal and informal manuscripts and to assess the degree of variation in both. Such a distinction leads to a reassessment of the manuscript evidence of the Aramaic Levi Document, which this article argues has been preserved in a maximum of three, instead of six, manuscripts in Cave 4.

古地理学家在考虑死海古卷中保存的字迹变化时存在分歧。在确定特定手稿的日期和评估不同片段是否可能由同一抄写员书写时，大多数正式手稿都被用作钉子。然而，非正式手稿可能在字母形式的排列和形成方面表现出更多的变化。本文建议区分正式手稿和非正式手稿，并评估两者的差异程度。这种区别导致了对阿拉姆语李维文献手稿证据的重新评估，本文认为，该文献在第4洞穴中最多保存了三份手稿，而不是六份。

引用次数: 5

A Farewell to the Hodayot of the Community 告别社区的节日

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-BJA10002

Carol A. Newsom

Since the 1960s, most scholars have distinguished between two types of compositions in the Hodayot, those that represent the persona of the Teacher of Righteousness and those that represent the spiritual experience of the Community in general. This theory, however, was developed before scholars had access to a reliable reconstruction of 1QHa or to the fragmentary manuscripts of the Hodayot from Cave 4. While that evidence largely confirms the distinctiveness of the group of compositions associated with the Teacher, which are clustered in cols. 10–17, the evidence undermines the cogency of a category of “Community” hodayot. The presence of lmśkyl headings in several compositions, claims to leadership by the speaker, the appearance of an expression that implicitly compares the speaker to Moses, and other factors make it more likely that the non-Teacher hodayot should be associated with the Maśkîl rather than with ordinary sectarians.

自20世纪60年代以来，大多数学者在Hodayot中区分了两种类型的作品，一种是代表正义导师的角色，另一种是代表一般社区的精神体验。然而，这一理论是在学者们有机会获得可靠的1QHa重建或第4洞穴的霍达约特人的残片手稿之前发展起来的。虽然这一证据在很大程度上证实了与教师相关的组合的独特性，它们聚集在颜色中。第10-17页，证据削弱了“社区”假日一类的说服力。在一些作品中出现lmśkyl标题，演讲者声称自己是领导者，含蓄地将演讲者与摩西进行比较的表达，以及其他因素使非教师hodayot更有可能与Maśkîl联系在一起，而不是与普通的宗派人士联系在一起。

引用次数: 1

Wisdom, Cosmos, and Cultus in the Book of Sirach, by A. Jordan Schmidt 《西拉书中的智慧、宇宙和文化》，作者:A.乔丹·施密特

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-02801002

B. Wright

引用次数: 0

Die Loblieder (Hodayot) aus Qumran: Hebräisch mit masoretischer Punktation und deutscher Übersetzung, Einführung und Anmerkungen, by Ulrich Dahmen 库姆兰赞美诗（Hodayot）：希伯来语加Masoretic标点和德语翻译，引言和注释，Ulrich Dahmen

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-02801001

Eileen M. Schuller

引用次数: 0

Masada: From Jewish Revolt to Modern Myth, by Jodi Magness 《Masada：从犹太起义到现代神话》，乔迪·马格内斯著

IF 0.1 3区哲学 0 RELIGION

Dead Sea Discoveries

Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1163/15685179-02801003

E. Meyers

引用次数: 0

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